Validación de las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Personalidad Tipo D en adultos colombianos

La personalidad tipo D se refiere a la vulnerabilidad frente al estrés psicológico, la cual se expresa en dos componentes: la afectividad negativa (AN) y la inhibición social (is), que pueden desencadenar un estado de estrés psicosocial que afecta la salud. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las propiedades psicométricas de la Escala de Personalidad Tipo D (DS-14) en población adulta colombiana. La muestra estuvo conformada por 456 adultos (41.7 % hombres y 58.3 % mujeres) colombianos entre los 18 y 86 años. El coeficiente de fiabilidad para las dos subescalas de la DS-14 fue de .73 (AN) y .72 (IS), y .79 para el puntaje total. Se analizó la validez concurrente con medidas de estrategias de afrontamiento resiliente y afrontamiento religioso. Los resultados evidencian validez interna y externa, dados los índices del análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio.

Type D personality refers to vulnerability to psychological stress, which is expressed in two components: negative affectivity (NA) and social inhibition (si), which can trigger a state of psychosocial stress that affects health. The aim of this study was to analyze the psychometric properties of the Type D Personality Scale (DS-14) in the Colombian adult population. The sample consisted of 456 colombian adults (41.7 °% men and 58.3 °% women) between 18 and 86 years of age. The reliability coefficient for the two subscales of the DS-14 was .73 (NA) and .72 (SI), and .79 for the total score. Concurrent validity was analyzed with measures of resilient coping strategies and religious coping. The results show internal and external validity given the indices of the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis.

A Study of Correlation between NDST3 Gene Polymorphism and Schizophrenia Among Han People in Yunnan / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To investigate the association between rs11098403 of the NDST3 gene and schizophrenia among Han People in Yunnan. Methods A total of 364 Han patients with schizophrenia and 287 healthy Han people were enrolled in our study. SNaP shot was used to detect the genotype of rs11098403. Positive and Negative Symptoms scale (PANSS) was used to assess the symptoms of schizophrenia.Results No differences were found in the genotype and allele distributions of rs11098403 among patients and the control group (P＞0.05) . The allelic frequencies of rs11098403 showed no significant association with positive symptoms, negative symptoms or general symptoms (P＞0.05) . Conclusions Our study indicated that the association between NDST3 gene and schizophrenia might be specific to European population.

Aripiprazole for drug-induced sexual dysfunction in schizophrenic males / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the clinical effects of aripiprazole on sexual dysfunction induced by amisulpride or risperidone in male patients with schizophrenia.@*METHODS@#This study included 75 male patients with drug-induced secondary sexual dysfunction after treated with amisulpride or risperidone for first-episode schizophrenia between October 2014 and October 2016. We substituted aripiprazole for amisulpride or risperidone, gradually increased the dose from 10 to 30 mg/d within 2 weeks, and maintained 30 mg/d from the 3rd week. At 4 and 8 weeks after medication, we evaluated the sexual function of the patients, measured the levels of serum prolactin (PRL) and testosterone (T), obtained the scores of the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS), recorded adverse reactions, and compared the parameters with those before aripiprazole administration.@*RESULTS@#Compared with pre-aripiprazole administration, the patients showed significant increases after 4 weeks of medication in the sexual function score (24.3 ± 2.1 vs 32.6 ± 3.6, P 0.05). In comparison with pre-aripiprazole administration, the PANSS score was significantly decreased at 4 weeks after medication (62.1 ± 4.9 vs 57.2 ± 5.5, P <0.05) and even lower at 8 weeks (51.2 ± 5.2) (P <0.05). The incidence rates of medication-related excitation, dizziness, insomnia, and loss of appetite were 6.7%, 5.3%, 4.0% and 1.3% respectively, and no other serious adverse reactions were observed.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Aripiprazole is effective for the treatment of drug-induced sexual dysfunction in schizophrenic men by continuously alleviating their positive and negative symptoms and meanwhile improving their sexual function and restoring their sexual hormone levels.

Experiencias perceptuales inusuales, experiencias anómalo/paranormales y propensión a la esquizotipia / Unusual perceptual experiences, anomalous/paranormal experiences and proneness to schizotypy

Parece haber similitudes entre el trastorno esquizotípico de personalidad (TEP) y las experiencias paranormales. De hecho, algunos de los síntomas en el TEP en el Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) coinciden con un número de experiencias anómalo/paranormales. La esquizotipia positiva, que incluye pensamiento mágico, alucinaciones y otras experiencias perceptuales inusuales, también ha estado relacionada con experiencias y creencias paranormales. Sin embargo, las experiencias paranormales difieren de las experiencias psicóticas en la población no clínica. Para examinar diferencias en síntomas positivos y negativos de esquizotipia se comparó un grupo de individuos interesados en temas paranormales (N = 121) con uno de estudiantes universitarios (N = 588). Como estaba previsto en las hipótesis, las personas interesadas en temas paranormales puntuaron más alto en el subtotal de síntomas positivos de esquizotipia en comparación con los estudiantes, sin diferencias en síntomas negativos. Los síntomas positivos se presentan también en estudiantes que indican tener experiencias paranormales en comparación con aquellos sin experiencias, con una diferencia marginalmente significativa en los síntomas negativos entre ambos grupos.

There seems to be similarities between schizotypal personality and paranormal experiences, in fact, some of the symptoms of PTSD in The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) match a number of anomalous/paranormal experiences. Positive schizotypy, including magical thinking, hallucinations and other unusual perceptual experiences, has also been associated with paranormal experiences and beliefs. However, paranormal experiences differ from psychotic experiences in nonclinical populations. In order to establish differences between positive and negative symptoms of schizotypy, we compared a group of believers in the paranormal (N = 121) and a sample of undergraduate students (N = 588). The hypothesis that believers would have higher scores in schizotypy positive symptoms was confirmed. There was a significant difference in positive symptoms of schizotypy among the group of students with and no experiences, although not significant for negative symptoms.