Caracterização química de farinha de cenoura e cenoura in natura com casca / Chemical characterization of carrot flour in natura with nuts

A cenoura é uma hortaliça bastante utilizada pela indústria alimentícia. Possui carotenoide, o qual desempenha um importante papel como potente antioxidante. Afim de se evitar desperdício e garantir maior vida de prateleira, este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar quimicamente farinha de cenoura e cenoura in natura, ambas com casca. As cenouras foram trituradas e congeladas a -18 °C. Parte da amostra foi secada em câmara climática a 60 °C por 45h, em seguida, a cenoura in natura e a farinha de cenoura foram submetidas a análises químicas e físico-químicas. A análise do teor de água mostrou que a farinha de cenoura está de acordo com os padrões estabelecidos pela Legislação Brasileira. A cenoura após secagem, apresentou concentração quanto aos níveis de proteínas, fibras, carotenoides e polifenóis totais em relação a cenoura in natura.

Influence of bifidobacteria on some synbiotic beverages

The bioconversion of whey is an interesting process from the view point of human nutrition, especially for therapeutic purposes, with regard to economy, and the advantage for reducing environment pollution. Bioconversion of heat treated whey for preparation of synbiotic beverages was standardized by utilization of Bifidobacterium lactis Bb-12, 3% fructose and 1.25% dried Jerusalem artichoke known as tartofa to contain 70% inulin. Samples were then divided into four treatments and the following components were added as follow: 1] control without any additives. 2] 10% fresh tomato juice. 3] 10% yellow carrot pulp. 4] 1% Green tea [packets] infused during whey heat treatment then removed when the temperature reached 40°C. The acidity, lactose, protein, freezing point and the viable bifido counts were followed over successive intervals during 15 days of refrigerated storage. Sensory evaluation and organic acids [short chain fatty acids] were monitored on the stored products. Results revealed that such additions increased bifido viable cell numbers. The green tea fermented beverage was the most acceptable. A progressive decrease was detected for lactose and protein, in contrast to titratable acidity and freezing point which increased. Lactic, acetic, formic and citric were the main organic acids in all treatments, while oxalic acid was high in the carrot beverage and malic acid was high in the green tea beverage

Produção da araruta comum, solteira e consorciada com alface e cenoura / Yield of comum arrowroot in monocrop system and intercropped with lettuce and carrot

O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a capacidade produtiva da araruta (Maranta arundinaceae) ‘Comum’, da alface ‘Grand Rapids’ e da cenoura ‘Brasília’, em cultivos solteiros e os consórcios araruta-alface e araruta-cenoura, em Dourados- MS. Para a alface e a cenoura constatou-se efeito significativo do tipo de cultivo, com os maiores valores nas plantas sob cultivo solteiro. Não houve produção de alface comercial. As características das plantas de cenoura solteiras foram aumentadas de 7,46 cm de altura; 5,36 Mg ha-¹ de massa fresca de folhas; 12,13 Mg ha-¹ de total de raízes; 11,23 Mg ha-¹ de raízes comerciais e 4,18 Mg ha-¹ de raízes não-comerciais, em relação às plantas consorciadas com a araruta. A altura das plantas da araruta variou entre 99,14 cm nas solteiras e 99,84 cm nas consorciadas com alface. As menores massas frescas dos rizomas e de raízes (19,87 Mg ha-¹ e 9,91 Mg ha-¹) foram das consorciadas com alface e as maiores (20,21 Mg ha-¹ e 11,96 Mg ha-¹) foram nas solteiras. Não obstante, a razão de área equivalente (RAE), para o consórcio araruta-alface foi de 0,98 e para o consórcio araruta-cenoura foi de 1,28. Como o valor da RAE do consórcio araruta-cenoura superou 1,0, concluiu-se que foi efetivo e que pode ser recomendado.

The objective of this work was to evaluate yield capacity of ‘Comum’ arrowroot (Maranta arundinaceae), of ‘Grand Rapids’ lettuce and of ‘Brasilia’ carrot, in monocrop system and in arrowroot-lettuce and arrowroot-carrot intercrops, in Dourados- MS. For lettuce and carrot, it was established a significative effect of cultivation type with the highest values in plants under monocrop system. There was not yield of commercial lettuce. The characteristict of the carrot plants in monocrop system were increased of 7.46 cm of height; 5.36 Mg ha-¹ of fresh mass of leaves; 12.13 Mg ha-¹ of total roots; 11.23 Mg ha-¹ of commercial roots and 4.18 Mg ha-¹ of non-commercial roots in relation to plants intercropped with arrowroot. Height of arrowroot plants varied between 99.14 cm in monocrop system and 99.84 cm intercropped with lettuce. The smallest fresh masses of rhizomes and roots (19.87 Mg ha-¹ and 9.91 Mg ha-¹) were from those intercropped with lettuce and the highest (20.21 Mg ha-¹ and 11.96 Mg ha-¹) were in monocrop system. However, the Land Equivalent Ratio - LER for arrowroot-lettuce intercrop was of 0.98 and for arrowroot-carrot intercrop was of 1.28. As the value of LER of arrowroot-carrot was superior to 1.0, it was conclude that it was effective and it can be recommended.

El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar la capacidad productiva de la yuquilla (Maranta arundinaceae) ‘Comun’, de la lechuga ‘Grand Rapids’ y de la zanahoria ‘Brasília’, en monocultivo y en las asociaciones yuquilla-lechuga y yuquilla-zanahoria, en Dourados-MS. Para la lechuga y la zanahoria se constató efecto significativo del tipo de cultivo, con los mayores valores en las plantas en monocultivo. No hubo producción de lechuga comercial. Las características de las plantas de zanahoria en monocultivo fueron aumentadas de 7,46 cm de altura; 5,36 Mg ha-¹ de masa fresca de hojas; 12,13 Mg ha-¹ de total de raíces; 11,23 Mg ha-¹ de raíces comerciales e 4,18 Mg ha-¹ de raíces no comerciales, en relación a las plantas asociadas con la yuquilla. La altura de las plantas de yuquilla varió entre 99,14 cm en las en monocultivo y 99,84 cm en las asociadas con la lechuga. Las menores masas frescas de los rizomas y de las raíces (19,87 Mg ha-¹ y 9,91 Mg ha-¹) fueron de las asociadas con lechuga y las mayores (20,21 Mg ha-¹ y 11,96 Mg ha-¹) fueron de las en monocultivo. No obstante, la relación de área equivalente (RAE) para la asociación yuquilla-lechuga fue de 0,98 y para la asociación yuquilla-zanahoria fue de 1,28. Como el valor de la RAE de la asociación yuquilla-zanahoria superó a 1,0, se concluyó que fue efectivo y que puede ser recomendado.

Chemical, physical and morphometric properties of peruvian carrot (Arracacia xanthorrhiza B.) starch

Starch was isolated from Peruvian carrot (PC) -or arracacha- (Arracacia xanthorhiza B.) roots. Its chemical, physical, physicochemical and granular structural properties were compared to those of commercial cassava starch. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a granular size for PC starch ranging between 4 and 26 mum in diameter, with spherical and truncated-egg shapes. PC and cassava starches were similar regarding gross chemical composition and basic physical characteristics but differed in pasting properties, with PC starch showing lower breakdown and consistency indices. The two starches also showed different water absorpption and solubility patterns.