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1.
Aval. psicol ; 21(1): 93-103, jan.-mar. 2022. ilus, tab
Article Dans Portugais | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1447452

Résumé

O objetivo deste estudo foi a adaptação e validação da entrevista Friends and Family Interview que avalia o estilo de apego e a função reflexiva de crianças e adolescentes. Para adaptação, foram avaliadas a equivalência semântica, idiomática, experiencial e conceitual entre a versão traduzida e o instrumento original. A versão final da entrevista foi aplicada a uma amostra clínica de jovens entre 9 e 17 anos (M=13,12; DP=2,72) do sul do Brasil. Constatou-se que a versão em português apresentou uma consistência interna alta (α=0,79), assim como uma boa concordância entre avaliadores (α=0,89). A análise fatorial exploratória revelou dois componentes principais que melhor explicaram os dados, denominados Segurança nos Relacionamentos e Funcionamento Reflexivo (α=0,95) e Insegurança do Apego (α=0,72). Os resultados apoiaram a validade de construto e de critério da FFI e forneceram evidências de sua utilidade na avaliação do apego e da função reflexiva na infância e adolescência. (AU)


The study aimed to adapt and validate the Friends and Family Interview that assesses the attachment style and the reflective function in children and adolescents. The semantic, idiomatic, experiential and conceptual equivalences between the original and the translated version were analyzed. Then the final version was applied in a clinic sample of young people ranging from 9 to 17 years of age (M=13.12 SD=2.72 years), of southern Brazil. The statistical tests showed a high internal consistency (α=.79), as well as a good inter-evaluators reliability (α=.89) in the Portuguese version of the FFI. Exploratory factor analysis yielded two main factors, Relationships Security and Reflective Functioning (α=.95) and Attachment Insecurity (α=.72). The data supported the construct and criterion validities of the Portuguese version of the interview protocol. The FFI is a useful tool for the evaluation of attachment and reflective function in children and adolescents. (AU)


El objetivo de este estudio fue la adaptación y la validación de la entrevista Friends and Family Interview (FFI) que evalúa el estilo de apego y la función reflexiva de niños y adolescentes. Para la adaptación se evaluó la equivalencia semántica, idiomática, experiencial y conceptual entre la versión traducida y el instrumento original. La versión final de la entrevista se aplicó a una muestra clínica de jóvenes entre 9 y 17 años (M=13,12; DS=2,72) del sur de Brasil. Se encontró que la versión portuguesa tenía una alta consistencia interna (α=0,79), así como una buena concordancia entre evaluadores (α=0,89). El análisis factorial exploratorio reveló dos componentes principales, denominados Seguridad en las Relaciones y Funcionamiento Reflexivo (α=0,95) e Inseguridad del Apego (α=0,72). Los resultados apoyaron la validez de criterio y constructo de la FFI y proporcionaron evidencias de su utilidad para evaluar el apego y la función reflexiva en la niñez y en la adolescencia. (AU)


Sujets)
Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Enfant , Adolescent , Famille/psychologie , Attachement à l'objet , Traductions , Reproductibilité des résultats , Analyse statistique factorielle , Entretien psychologique/méthodes
2.
Braz. J. Psychiatry (São Paulo, 1999, Impr.) ; 41(4): 297-302, July-Aug. 2019. tab, graf
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS | ID: biblio-1011514

Résumé

Objective: The Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) is widely used to assess depression severity. The Structured Interview Guide for the MADRS (SIGMA) was created to standardize MADRS assessment. The objective of this study was to translate and validate the original SIGMA into a Brazilian Portuguese version (SIGMA-VB). Methods: We translated and cross-culturally validated the original SIGMA into the SIGMA-VB, and assessed its psychometric properties using data from 93 adult outpatients enrolled in the Integral Assessment in Unipolar Depression (AIUNI) trial. Participants were assessed by two raters on five visits over 8 weeks. We calculated multiple interrater reliability indexes for the SIGMA-VB and used the Hamilton Depression Hating Scale (HAM-D) for validation purposes. Results: According to the SIGMA-VB, participants had moderate depression at baseline followed by mild depression at 8 weeks. We found over 90% of correlation between scores attributed by different raters using the SIGMA-VB. Correlations between the SIGMA-VB and the HAM-D were above 66%. Conclusion: Our findings confirm that the SIGMA-VB is a valid and reliable instrument to assess depression severity in clinical research and practice. Its interrater reliability was similar to that of a previously published Japanese version of the SIGMA.


Sujets)
Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Adolescent , Adulte , Sujet âgé , Jeune adulte , Échelles d'évaluation en psychiatrie/normes , Traduction , Enquêtes et questionnaires , Dépression/diagnostic , Trouble dépressif majeur/diagnostic , Brésil , Comparaison interculturelle , Reproductibilité des résultats , Sensibilité et spécificité , Entretien psychologique/méthodes , Adulte d'âge moyen
3.
Motriz (Online) ; 24(4): e101870, 2018.
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS | ID: biblio-976264

Résumé

The objective of the study was to understand the conceptions of sports and health of Physical Education professionals working in a sports department of a municipality located in Baixada Santista region (São Paulo, Brazil) in the context of the non-training of athletes. Method: For that, a qualitative descriptive research was carried out with nine Physical Education professional, of both genders and in any age group, distributed in two sport centers. Semi-structured interviews were conducted about sports and health. Data analysis occurred using non-a priori categories. Results: As a result, the conception of sports took place through three categories: sport as a movement; sport as a formation agent for citizenship; and sport as a competitive modality. In relation to health, three categories were also identified: health as well being; health as a quality of life; and health as body care. Conclusion: It is concluded that the diversity of conceptions found reflects the polysemy that involves sports and health, and, consequently, can result in a distinct pedagogical practice from these professionals, who, allocated in the same professional context, a sports department, can generate divergences.(AU)


Sujets)
Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Adulte , Adulte d'âge moyen , Éducation physique et entraînement physique , Sports , Santé , Éducation , Corps enseignant/psychologie , Entretien psychologique/méthodes
4.
CoDAS ; 30(3): e20170084, 2018. tab
Article Dans Espagnol | LILACS | ID: biblio-952850

Résumé

RESUMEN Objetivo Este estudio procura explorar las diferencias en el componente evaluativo de la estructura narrativa en personas con diagnóstico de esquizofrenia, en comparación con personas con diagnóstico de psicosis afectiva. Método El presente estudio es descriptivo, no experimental, y comprende el análisis de los componentes evaluativos de la narrativa, en entrevistas realizadas a 25 individuos con diagnostico psiquiátrico de esquizofrenia crónica y a 25 individuos diagnosticados de psicosis afectiva crónica, pareados por edad, género y características sociodemográficas. Resultados La relación entre diagnóstico y tipo de evaluación arrojó resultados estadísticamente significativos con un valor de chi cuadrado de 39,880a (p< 0.00). Fue posible observar que en la esquizofrenia existe una mayor inhibición en la elaboración de expresiones que impliquen opiniones, que los relatos tendieron a identificar los hechos independientemente de cómo les afectaron, sugiriendo una limitación de la función intersubjetiva. Conclusión La variable diagnóstico confirma que en la esquizofrenia existe un deterioro funcional en la elaboración de estructuras narrativas y en la articulación del componente evaluativo. En el caso de la psicosis afectiva se manifiestan disfunciones superficiales, sin comprometer su desempeño en la evaluación de las narraciones.


ABSTRACT Purpose This study aims to explore the differences in the evaluative component of the narrative structure in subjects diagnosed with schizophrenia compared to subjects diagnosed with affective psychosis. Methods The present investigation was descriptive, not experimental and it included the analysis of the narration evaluative components of interviews of 25 individuals with psychiatric diagnosis of chronic schizophrenia and 25 of chronic affective psychosis, matched by age, gender and sociodemographic characteristics. Results The relationship between diagnosis and type of evaluation showed statistically significant results with a chi square value of 39.880a (p <0.00). It was possible to observe that in the schizophrenia there is a greater inhibition in the elaboration of expressions that imply opinions and that narratives tended to identify facts regardless of how they affected subjects, suggesting a limitation of intersubjective function. Conclusion The diagnostic variable confirms that in schizophrenia there is a functional deterioration in the process of elaborating narrative structures especially in the articulation of the evaluative component. In the case of the affective psychosis group, superficial dysfunctions were manifested, without compromising their performance in the evaluation of narratives.


Sujets)
Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Schizophrénie , Psychologie des schizophrènes , Troubles affectifs psychotiques/psychologie , Narration , Métacognition , Entretien psychologique/méthodes , Facteurs socioéconomiques , Maladie chronique , Études transversales
5.
Rev Rene (Online) ; 17(6): 804-811, nov.-dez. 2016.
Article Dans Anglais, Portugais | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-835697

Résumé

Compreender as percepções de enfermeiras sobre supervisão em enfermagem no processo de trabalho. Métodos: pesquisa qualitativa, com entrevista semiestruturada, realizada com 16 enfermeiras. Análise dos dados realizada por meio de análise de conteúdo. Resultados: dois núcleos de significados emergiram das falas das participantes: Atividades de enfermeiras nas Unidades de Atenção Primária à Saúde e Percepções de enfermeiras sobre o que é supervisão em enfermagem. Na primeira categoria, elencou-se como ações o preenchimento de formulários e relatórios, em detrimento da supervisão do serviço de enfermagem.Na segunda,a supervisão foi percebida como função de gerenciamento e acompanhamento das atividades planejadas pela equipe, contrapondo a concepção clássica de supervisão, a de fiscalizar. Conclusão: a supervisão em enfermagem configurou-se, para as enfermeiras da Atenção Primária à Saúde, como uma função de natureza administrativa que envolve planejamento, organização, coordenação, avaliação, acompanhamento e de apoio para a equipe de saúde.


Objective: to understand the perceptions of nurses on nursing supervision in the work process. Methods: this is a qualitative research, with a semi-structured interview, performed with 16 nurses. Data analysis was performed through content analysis. Results: two meanings topics emerged from the speeches of the participants: Nurses´ activities in Primary Health Care Units and Nurses´ perceptions about nursing supervision. In the first category, the actions listed were filling out forms and reports under the supervision of the nursing service. In the second category, supervision was perceived as a function of management and follow-up of the activities planned by the team, in opposition to the classical supervision concept, which is inspecting. Conclusion: nursing supervision has been configured for primary care nurses as an administrative function that involves planning, organization, coordination, evaluation, follow-up and support for the health team.


Sujets)
Humains , Femelle , Soins de santé primaires/normes , Infirmières et infirmiers/psychologie , Perception , Administration des services infirmiers/normes , Entretien psychologique/méthodes , Équipe infirmiers/méthodes , Recherche qualitative
6.
Rev Rene (Online) ; 17(6): 758-765, nov.-dez. 2016.
Article Dans Anglais, Portugais | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-835703

Résumé

Compreender a percepção de autocuidado e de cuidado materno no discurso de gestantes, sob o olhar psicossocial. Métodos: estudo qualitativo com coleta de dados realizada por meio de entrevista semiestrutura com dez gestantes. Utilizou-se a técnica de análise de conteúdo, associada ao programa computacional AtlasTI. Resultados: identificaram-se duas categorias analíticas, autocuidado: cuidando do próprio corpo e cuidado materno. O pensamento pós-moderno influenciou nas ações de autocuidado das gestantes. Entretanto, o cuidado materno não foi diretamente influenciado e as gestantes demonstraram indicadores de preocupação materna primária, como sentimentos e atitudes que proporcionam acolhimento, proteção e conforto ao bebê.Conclusão: as ações de autocuidado praticadas pelas gestantes demonstraram preocupação com a aparência estética em detrimento de atitudes para preservar a saúde e a qualidade de vida.


Objective: to understand the perception of self-care and maternal care in the discourse of pregnant women under the psychosocial perspective. Methods: qualitative study with data collection performed through a semi structure interview with ten pregnant women. The technique of content analysis, associated with the computer program Atlas TI, was used. Results: two analytical categories were identified, self-care: taking care of one’s own body and maternal care. Postmodern thinking influenced the self-care actions of pregnant women. However, maternal care was not directly influenced and pregnant women showed indicators of primary maternal concern, such as feelings and attitudes that provide the baby with comfort, protection and comfort. Conclusion: the self-care actions performed by the pregnant women showed concern about the aesthetic appearance at the expense of attitudes to preserve health and quality of life.


Sujets)
Humains , Femelle , Grossesse , Adolescent , Jeune adulte , Autosoins/psychologie , Comportement maternel , Femmes enceintes/psychologie , Impact Psychosocial , Promotion de la santé , Relations mère-foetus/psychologie , Entretien psychologique/méthodes , Recherche qualitative
7.
Trends psychiatry psychother. (Impr.) ; 38(1): 33-39, Jan.-Mar. 2016. tab, graf
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS | ID: lil-779107

Résumé

Introduction : There is strong evidence to indicate that childhood maltreatment can negatively affect both physical and mental health and there is increasing interest in understanding the occurrence and consequences of such experiences. While several tools have been developed to retrospectively investigate childhood maltreatment experiences, most of them do not investigate the experience of witnessing family violence during childhood or bullying exposure. Moreover, the majority of scales do not identify when these experiences may have occurred, who was involved or the feelings evoked, such as helplessness or terror. The Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure (MACE) scale was developed to overcome these limitations. Objective : In view of the improvements over previous self-report instruments that this new tool offers and of the small number of self-report questionnaires for childhood maltreatment assessment available in Brazil, this study was conducted to conduct cross-cultural adaptation of the MACE scale for Brazilian Portuguese. Method : The following steps were performed: translation, back-translation, committee review for semantic and conceptual evaluation, and acceptability trial for equivalence. Results : Semantic and structural changes were made to the interview to adapt it for the Brazilian culture and all 75 of the items that comprise the longer version of MACE were translated. The results of the acceptability trial suggest that the items are comprehensible. Conclusion : The MACE scales may be useful tools for investigation of childhood maltreatment and make a valuable contribution to research in Brazil. Future studies should consider testing the availability and reliability of the three versions of the instrument translated into Brazilian Portuguese.


Introdução : Há evidências robustas na literatura indicando que os maus-tratos na infância podem afetar negativamente a saúde física e mental. Além disso, há um crescente interesse em compreender a ocorrência e as consequências dessas experiências. Vários instrumentos vêm sendo desenvolvidos para investigar retrospectivamente experiências de maus-tratos na infância, mas a maioria deles não investiga a experiência de testemunhar violência familiar durante a infância ou a ocorrência de bullying . Além disso, a maioria não identifica quando as experiências ocorreram, quem estava envolvido ou os sentimentos que evocaram, como desespero ou terror. A escala Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure (MACE) foi desenvolvida para superar essas limitações. Objetivos : Considerando as vantagens dessa nova escala em relação aos instrumentos de autorrelato existentes e o reduzido número de questionários de autorrelato disponíveis no Brasil para avaliar maus-tratos na infância, este estudo teve como objetivo conduzir a adaptação transcultural da escala MACE para o português brasileiro. Método : Foram realizadas as etapas de tradução, retrotradução, análise de equivalência semântica e correspondência conceitual por um comitê avaliador e teste de aceitabilidade. Resultados : Adaptações semânticas e estruturais foram realizadas na entrevista para a realidade cultural brasileira, e todos os 75 itens incluídos na versão estendida da MACE foram traduzidos. Os resultados do teste de aceitabilidade sugerem que os itens foram adequadamente compreendidos. Conclusões : A escala MACE é uma ferramenta útil para a investigação de maus-tratos na infância, contribuindo para a pesquisa no Brasil. Futuros estudos devem considerar testar a validade e fidedignidade das três versões do instrumento traduzidas para o português do Brasil.


Sujets)
Humains , Nourrisson , Enfant d'âge préscolaire , Enfant , Adolescent , Échelles d'évaluation en psychiatrie , Maltraitance des enfants/diagnostic , Entretien psychologique/méthodes , Stress psychologique/diagnostic , Traduction , Traductions , Brésil , Culture (sociologie) , Autorapport
8.
Summa psicol. UST ; 13(2): 57-67, 2016.
Article Dans Espagnol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1178290

Résumé

El propósito del presente trabajo consiste en presentar una nueva propuesta de interpretación de la respuesta gráfica al Test de Persona Bajo la Lluvia (PBLL). Ésta se basa en un diseño de investigación con procedimientos específicos para operacionalizar el concepto de recursos frente al trauma, representado por la situación estresante planteada por la consigna de la técnica proyectiva. Se apuntará a la revisión de conceptos teóricos con el análisis empírico de indicadores presentes en las técnicas gráficas correspondientes a casos de psicología laboral.


The purpose of the present paper is to advance a new proposal for the interpretation of graphic responses to the Draw a Person in the Rain Test (DAPR). This proposal is based on a research design with specific procedures that will enable us to operationalize the concept of resources to face trauma, which is represented by a stressful situation posed by the instructions of the projective technique. We will associate the review of theoretical concepts with the empirical analysis of indicators found in graphic techniques related to cases from the field of work psychology.


Sujets)
Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Adolescent , Adulte , Jeune adulte , Évaluation de la personnalité , Entretien psychologique/méthodes , Tests de personnalité , Psychanalyse , Techniques projectives
9.
Rev. cuba. salud pública ; 41(2)abr.-jun. 2015.
Article Dans Espagnol | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-744040

Résumé

En la actualidad cobra vital importancia la preparación y divulgación de guías o protocolos de intervenciones esenciales para la atención del paciente epiléptico en el primer nivel de atención, ya que con frecuencia estos pacientes son victimas de imprecisiones terapéuticas. El propósito de este trabajo es presentar guías de buenas prácticas para la atención psicológica y social de este paciente. Se realizó análisis de contenido de los reportes de investigaciones que sobre atención psicosocial al paciente con epilepsia se prepararon en Cuba entre 2004 y 2013. A partir de la evidencia valorada se elaboraron las guías de buenas prácticas para la atención psicológica y social del paciente con epilepsia y en ellas se precisó la estructura asistencial y los recursos materiales necesarios, se describieron los procederes de actuación en orden cronológico: entrevistas clínico-psicológico y técnicas de evaluación psicológicas idóneas. Además se precisaron las especificidades para la atención clínico-psicológico al paciente con inadaptación psicosocial a la epilepsia y para la atención clínico-psicológica del paciente con epilepsia y trastornos emocionales asociados. Las guías aportan herramientas de trabajo para evitar la inadaptación psicosocial, los trastornos emocionales y la incapacidad para el autocuidado en pacientes con epilepsia(AU)


The preparation and dissemination of essential intervention guidelines or protocols for the care of patient with epilepsy at the first health care level is gaining importance, since these patients are frequent victims of therapeutic inaccuracies. The objective of this paper was to present good practice guidelines for the psychological and social care of this patient. A content analysis of the reports from research on this topic was made, which were made in Cuba from 2004 to 2013. On the basis of the assessed evidence, good practice guidelines were prepared for the social and psychological care of the patient with epilepsy. They detailed the assistance structure and the necessary material resources for adequate psychological and social care of this patient as well as the procedures of performance in a chronological order: clinical and psychological interview and ideal psychological evaluation techniques. Additionally, the specificities for the clinical and psychological care of the patient with faulty psychosocial adaptation to epilepsy and for the patient with epilepsy and associated emotional disorders were also specified. The guidelines provide working tools to avoid faulty psychosocial adaptation, emotional disorders and inability to self-care in epileptic patients(AU)


Sujets)
Humains , Guides de bonnes pratiques cliniques comme sujet , Symptômes affectifs , Épilepsie/prévention et contrôle , Entretien psychologique/méthodes , Cuba
10.
Rev. cuba. endocrinol ; 26(1): 6-20, ene.-abr. 2015. ilus
Article Dans Espagnol | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-740903

Résumé

Introducción: Poco se conoce sobre los pensamientos intrusos asociados a las diversas repercusiones psicológicas de la diabetes mellitus, y aún menos sobre los factores asociados al uso de la supresión de pensamientos como estrategia cognitiva de regulación. Objetivos: explorar la repercusión psicológica de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2, la presencia de pensamientos instrusos y su supresión, en pacientes atendidos en el Centro de Atención y Educación al Diabético de la ciudad de Santa Clara; así como, describir la asociación entre pensamientos intrusos y la supresión de pensamientos con un grupo de variables sociodemográficas y psicológicas en estos pacientes.Métodos: fueron evaluados 121 pacientes que acuden a dicho centro, a los cuales se les aplicó una entrevista estructurada, un diferencial semántico y el Inventario de Supresión del Oso Blanco. Resultados: los pensamientos intrusos en pacientes con diabetes suelen ser difíciles de controlar, implican un mayor uso de la supresión de pensamientos, y su reporte se encuentra asociado al nivel de escolaridad, el sexo y al malestar emocional del paciente. Suelen reportarlos individuos que se perciben a sí mismos como tensos y emotivos. El mejor predictor de la supresión de pensamientos lo constituyó poseer una autoimagen de individuo tenso.Conclusiones: el análisis de los pensamientos intrusos y su supresión reveló particularidades asociadas a determinantes sociodemográficos -sexo y nivel de escolaridad- y psicológicos -sujetos que se perciben a sí mismos como tensos y emotivos(AU)


Introduction: Little is known about intrusive thoughts associated to different psychological effects of diabetes mellitus and even less is known about the factors related to the use of thought suppression as a regulatory cognitive strategy.Objectives: to explore the psychological impact of type 2 diabetes mellitus, the presence of intrusive thoughts and their suppression in patients seen at the Center for Care and Education of Diabetics in Santa Clara city and to describe the linking of intrusive thoughts and suppression of thoughts with a group of sociodemographic and psychological variables in these patients.Methods: one hundred and twenty one patients attended to in this center were evaluated by means of a structured interview, a semantic differential and the White Bear suppression inventory. Results: the intrusive thoughts in patients with diabetes mellitus may be difficult to be controlled, imply a greater use of suppression of thoughts and their notification is related to schooling, gender and emotional status of the patient. They are generally notified by individuals who feel tense and emotional. The best predictor of suppression of thoughts is a self-image of tense individual. Conclusions: the analysis of intrusive thoughts and their suppression show particularities related to sociodemographic determinants in terms of sex and schooling and to psychological determinants in terms of individuals who perceive themselves as tense and emotional(AU)


Sujets)
Humains , Diabète de type 2/psychologie , Entretien psychologique/méthodes , Différenciation sémantique/normes
11.
Psicol. clín ; 26(2): 33-47, jul.-dez. 2014. tab
Article Dans Portugais | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: lil-732674

Résumé

A primeira entrevista em psicoterapia é, usualmente, vivenciada com grande ansiedade por estagiários de Psicologia. Visando facilitar essa transição profissional e colaborar para a formação de terapeutas iniciantes, este artigo tem por objetivo apresentar um instrumento para uso por estagiários de Psicoterapia Cognitivo-Comportamental na primeira sessão individual. O instrumento é apresentado na forma de uma lista de checagem, contendo aspectos a serem abordados no decorrer da sessão, além de questões abertas sobre a vivência emocional e autoavaliação do desempenho na sessão. São discutidos achados de pesquisa em psicoterapia que fundamentam o instrumento. Adicionalmente, são sugeridos estudos para avaliação de seu potencial didático na formação de psicoterapeutas.


The first interview in psychotherapy is usually experienced with great anxiety by psychology undergraduate trainees. In search of making easier that professional transition and collaborate for the professional training of beginners therapists, this paper has the aim to present an instrument for use by trainees in the first session of Cognitive Behavioral Psychotherapy. The instrument is presented in the format of a checklist, consisting of features to be addressed during the session, besides open questions about the emotional experience and evaluation of the own performance. Research findings in the psychotherapy field which provide the basis for the instrument are discussed. Additionally, further studies are recommended in order to evaluate its didactic potential in the psychotherapy training.


La primera entrevista en psicoterapia es, generalmente, vivida con gran ansiedad por los alumnos de Psicología en prácticas. Con la finalidad de facilitar esta transición profesional y colaborar con la formación de nuevos terapeutas, este artículo tiene como objetivo presentar una herramienta para la primera sesión individual de los alumnos de Psicoterapia Cognitivo-Conductual. El instrumento se presenta en forma de una lista de verificación que contiene los aspectos a tratar durante la sesión, además de preguntas abiertas acerca de la experiencia emocional y una auto-evaluación de su desempeño en la sesión. Se discuten los hallazgos de investigaciones en psicoterapia que fundamentan el instrumento. Adicionalmente, se sugieren estudios para evaluar su potencial educativo en la formación de psicoterapeutas.


Sujets)
Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Psychothérapie , Psychothérapie/enseignement et éducation , Thérapie cognitive/méthodes , Entretien psychologique/méthodes
12.
Rev. abordagem gestál. (Impr.) ; 20(1): 63-70, jun. 2014.
Article Dans Espagnol | LILACS | ID: lil-722109

Résumé

Reconociendo a la entrevista fenomenológica como un instrumento valioso para la recolección de datos en investigaciones cualitativas orientadas a la comprensión del Mundo Vivido de las personas, se proponen orientaciones generales para encuadrar su realización en el contexto de investigaciones en psicología, psicoterapia y desarrollo humano. También se señalan dos dimensiones implicadas en las interacciones: 1) la relacional y 2) la técnica. Y se describen aspectos importantes de tomar en cuenta en cada una de ellas al realizar las entrevistas...


Several general orientations are proposed recognizing the phenomenological interview as a valuable instrument during the collection of data for qualitative research oriented towards the comprehension and understanding of the lived world of people and framing it in the fields of psychology, psychotherapy and human development. Two main dimensions are considered: 1) the relational and 1) the technical one. Some important issues on how to do this kind of interview are also described...


Reconhecendo a entrevista fenomenológica como um instrumento valioso para a coleta de dados em pesquisas qualitativas orientadas à compreensão do Mundo Vivido das pessoas, são propostas orientações gerais para se enquadrar a sua realização no contexto da pesquisa em psicologia, psicoterapia e desenvolvimento humano. São também apontadas duas dimensões implicadas nas interações: 1) a relacional e 2) a técnica e descritos aspectos importantes de serem considerados em cada uma delas, ao se realizar as entrevistas...


Sujets)
Humains , Entretien psychologique/méthodes , Psychologie , Psychothérapie
13.
Rev. cuba. invest. bioméd ; 33(1): 70-80, ene.-mar. 2014. tab, Ilus
Article Dans Espagnol | LILACS, CUMED | ID: lil-722960

Résumé

INTRODUCCIÓN: el intento suicida sigue constituyendo un importante reto en la morbilidad y la mortalidad en los adolescentes. OBJETIVOS: caracterizar el comportamiento del intento suicida en el municipio Bahía Honda, provincia Artemisa. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo, en 75 adolescentes dispensarizados con el diagnóstico de intento suicida, en edades comprendidas entre 15 y 18 años, del policlínico "Manuel González Díaz" del municipio de Bahía Honda, en la provincia de Artemisa, entre febrero de 2011 y febrero de 2012. Se utilizaron las historias de salud familiar e individual aplicándoseles instrumentos que permitieron evaluar percepción del riesgo y el comportamiento de las variables de estudio como cuestionarios y encuestas, (método empírico), se utilizó como métodos estadísticos, estadística descriptiva con los estadígrafos de frecuencia absoluta, distribución porcentual media, mediana y el paquete estadístico Epidat 3.4. RESULTADOS: el grupo etario más representado fue el de 15 años (26 pacientes), seguido de los de 16 y 18 años con 21 y 10 pacientes respectivamente. Hubo más pacientes del sexo femenino que del masculino (66 mujeres y 9 hombres). Del total de 75 pacientes del estudio, 65 procedían de áreas urbanas (86,7 %); 41 adolescentes (54,7%) realizaron intentos de suicidio de carácter serio; 48 (64 %) realizaron intentos suicidas de gravedad moderada. Los métodos del intento suicida más utilizados, fueron: la ingestión de fármacos (65 pacientes), la ingestión de sustancias tóxicas (5 pacientes) el ahorcamiento (3 pacientes) y el lanzamiento al vacío (2 pacientes). Sin antecedentes previos de suicidio hubo 56 pacientes (74,7 %), 14 (18,7 %) ya lo habían intentado en una ocasión con anterioridad y 5 (6,7 %) 2 o más veces. CONCLUSIONES: hubo una mayor incidencia de intentos suicidas en adolescentes de 15 años; intentaron suicidarse más las mujeres que los hombres, y se constató una procedencia mayor de pacientes de áreas urbanas que de áreas rurales. Predominaron los intentos suicidas clasificados como serios, así como los de gravedad moderada. La mayoría de los adolescentes intentaron suicidarse mediante la ingestión de fármacos. No se comprobaron antecedentes previos de suicidio en la mayoría de los pacientes estudiados.


INTRODUCTION: suicide attempts continue to play an important role in adolescent morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE: characterize the behavior of suicide attempts in the municipality of Bahía Honda, province of Artemisa. METHOD: an observational descriptive study was conducted of 75 adolescents aged 15-18 diagnosed with suicide attempt from February 2011 to February 2012 at Manuel González Díaz polyclinic in the municipality of Bahía Honda, province of Artemisa. Individual and family health records were examined for information about risk perception and the behavior of study variables. The tools used were questionnaires and surveys (empirical method), as well as statistical methods, such as descriptive statistics with absolute frequency statigrams, mean percentage distribution, median, and the statistical package Epidat 3.4. RESULTS: there was a predominance of the 15-year age group (26 patients), followed by the 16- and 18-year groups, with 21 and 10 patients, respectively. Of the total 75 patients studied, 65 were from urban areas (86.7%); 41 (54.7%) made a serious suicide attempt; and 48 (64%) of the attempts had a moderate degree of severity. The most common suicide methods were the intake of medicines (65 patients), intake of toxic substances (5 patients), hanging (3 patients) and jumping from heights (2 patients). 56 patients (74.7%) did not have a history of suicide attempts; 14 (18.7%) had attempted suicide once before; and 5 (6.7%) had attempted suicide two or more times before. CONCLUSIONS: there was a higher incidence of suicide attempts in the 15-year age group. More women than men attempted suicide. More adolescents attempting suicide were from urban areas than from rural areas. There was a predominance of suicide attempts classified as serious or moderately severe. The most common suicide method was the intake of medicines. Most of the patients studied did not have a history of suicide attempts.


Sujets)
Humains , Adolescent , Tentative de suicide/psychologie , Psychologie de l'adolescent , Santé de l'adolescent , Études épidémiologiques , Enquêtes et questionnaires , Entretien psychologique/méthodes
14.
Braz. J. Psychiatry (São Paulo, 1999, Impr.) ; 35(3): 254-261, Jul-Sep. 2013. tab, graf
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS | ID: lil-687949

Résumé

Background: The Brief Motivational Intervention (BMI) is an effective treatment for alcohol misuse but has not been adequately tested for use in helplines for alcoholics. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a telephone-based BMI for Brazilians seeking help with alcohol use cessation. Methods: A randomized, controlled trial was performed with Brazilian subjects. Participants were randomly assigned to either the minimal intervention group (i.e., given reference materials) or the BMI group. Alcohol abstinence was evaluated in a 6-month follow-up telephone counseling session. The analysis was based on the intention to treat (ITT). Results: Of the 5,896 drug users who called the helpline, 700 (12%) used alcohol, 637 of whom enrolled in this study. At 6-month follow-up, 70% of the BMI group had stopped consuming alcohol compared to 41% in the control group (odds ratio = 1.5; 95% confidence interval = 1.2-1.9; p = 0.001). Conclusions: A helpline-based BMI helps alcohol users achieve abstinence. .


Sujets)
Adulte , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Jeune adulte , Consommation d'alcool/thérapie , Troubles liés à l'alcool/thérapie , Entretien psychologique/méthodes , Motivation , Téléphone , Consommation d'alcool/épidémiologie , Troubles liés à l'alcool/prévention et contrôle , Brésil/épidémiologie , Facteurs socioéconomiques , Troubles liés à une substance/épidémiologie , Résultat thérapeutique
15.
Rev. enferm. neurol ; 11(2): 105-108, may.-ago. 2012.
Article Dans Espagnol | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-1034701

Résumé

Hablar de la hermenéutica-dialéctica, desde el enfoque de Miguel Martínez Migueles, implica abordar algunos antecedentes históricos de este método, la manera en la que es utilizado en la investigación tradicional, en las ciencias jurídicas y humanas, a través de la observación, y cómo puede ser utilizado en la práctica clínica para el diseño de un instrumento de valoración neurológica para los profesionales de enfermería.


Speaking of Dialectic-Hermeneutics, since the focus of Miguel Martinez Michaels is addressing some historical background of this method and how it is used in traditional research in legal sciences and humanities through observation and how it can be used in practice clinic for the design of a neurological assessment tool for nurses.


Sujets)
Histoire ancienne , , Techniques de laboratoire clinique/instrumentation , Techniques de laboratoire clinique/méthodes , Entretien psychologique/méthodes
16.
Femina ; 39(10)out. 2011.
Article Dans Portugais | LILACS | ID: lil-641385

Résumé

O presente artigo aborda o fenômeno da anencefalia, malformação fetal caracterizada como incompatível com a vida, a partir das perspectivas médica e psicológica. Trata-se de um tema que tem despertado interesse na Medicina Fetal, dado a necessidade de possibilitar à gestante de feto anencefálico intervenções que minimizem o sofrimento ocasionado por tal diagnóstico. Para tanto, o texto discute a questão da interrupção da gestação nesses casos, apontando posições contrárias e a favor dos procedimentos vigentes na sociedade contemporânea, e que acabam por influenciar a tomada de uma decisão pelos pais, não apenas de maneira cognitiva, mas também psicoemocional. Em seguida, são apresentados os aspectos médicos e psicológicos que envolvem o diagnóstico de anencefalia, bem como possibilidades de intervenção e a importância do acompanhamento multidisciplinar da mulher durante todo o processo, desde o diagnóstico, durante a decisão de interromper ou continuar com a gestação, e até o puerpério


This article addresses the phenomenon of anencephaly, fetal malformation characterized as incompatible with life, from medical and psychological perspectives. It is an issue that has aroused interest in Fetal Medicine, given the need to allow the mother of an anencephalic fetus an intervention to minimize the suffering caused by such diagnosis. The paper discusses the issue of pregnancy termination in these cases, pointing out positions for and against the procedure, that prevail in contemporary society, and ultimately influence a decision by the parents, not just cognitively, but also psychoemotional. Medical and psychological aspects involving the diagnosis of anencephaly are discussed and possibilities of intervention and the importance of multidisciplinary monitoring of women during the entire process, from diagnosis, during the decision to stop or continue with the pregnancy until puerperium


Sujets)
Humains , Femelle , Grossesse , Avortement eugénique/éthique , Avortement eugénique/psychologie , Anencéphalie/diagnostic , Anencéphalie/psychologie , Questions bioéthiques , Déontologie médicale , Diagnostic prénatal , Protection maternelle/psychologie , Complications de la grossesse/psychologie , Prise de décision , Entretien psychologique/méthodes , Équipe soignante
17.
Braz. J. Psychiatry (São Paulo, 1999, Impr.) ; 33(3): 225-233, Sept. 2011. ilus, tab
Article Dans Anglais | LILACS | ID: lil-609077

Résumé

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of brief motivational interviewing and an educational brochure when delivered in emergency room to reduce alcohol abuse and related problems among adolescents and young adults. METHOD: A randomized single-blind clinical trial with a three-month follow-up was carried out at three emergency rooms from October 2004 to November 2005; subjects assessed were 16-25 years old treated for alcohol related events up to 6 hours after consumption. Socio-demographic data, quantity, frequency and negative consequences of alcohol consumption, motivation to change habits and future risk perception were evaluated. Statistical analysis was performed on subjects who completed follow-up (completers). ANCOVA model was used to analyze the difference between the intervention groups with statistical significance level α = 5 percent and confidence interval (CI) of 95 percent. RESULTS: 186 subjects formed the initial sample, being 175 included and randomized to the educational brochure group (n = 88) or motivational interviewing group (n = 87). Follow-up assessment was performed in 85.2 percent of the sample. No significant difference between groups was observed. However, significant reductions (p < 0.01) in related problems and alcohol abuse were found in both groups. CONCLUSION: In this sample a reduction of alcohol use and related problems was observed. Preliminary data indicate that controlled clinical trials with motivational interviewing, educational brochure and nonintervention should be of future interest among Brazilian adolescent populations.


OBJETIVO: Avaliar a efetividade da entrevista motivacional breve e de uma brochura educativa quando aplicadas em prontos-socorros para reduzir o abuso e problemas relacionados ao álcool entre os jovens. MÉTODO: Um ensaio clínico randomizado simples-cego com três meses de seguimento foi realizado em três prontos-socorros de outubro de 2004 a novembro de 2005, com indivíduos de 16-25 anos tratados por eventos relacionados ao álcool com até 6 horas após o consumo. Dados sociodemográficos, quantidade, frequência e consequências negativas, motivação para mudanças de hábitos e percepção para riscos do consumo de álcool foram avaliados. A análise estatística foi realizada em indivíduos que completaram o seguimento (completados). Modelo de ANCOVA foi utilizado para analisar a diferença entre os grupos de intervenção, com nível de significância estatística α = 5 por cento e intervalo de confiança (IC) de 95 por cento. RESULTADOS: 186 indivíduos formaram a amostra inicial, sendo n = 175 incluídos e randomizados para brochura educativa (n = 88) ou grupo entrevista motivacional breve (n = 87). O seguimento de avaliação foi realizado em 85,2 por cento da amostra. Não foi observada diferença significativa entre os grupos. No entanto, uma redução significativa (p < 0,01) em problemas relacionados eo abuso de álcool foram encontrados em ambos os grupos. CONCLUSÃO: Nesta amostra, a redução do abuso de álcool e problemas relacionados foi observada. Dados preliminares indicam que os ensaios clínicos controlados com entrevista motivacional breve, brochura educativa e não-intervenção deveriam ser de futuro interesse entre a população adolescente brasileira.


Sujets)
Adolescent , Adulte , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Jeune adulte , Consommation d'alcool/psychologie , Troubles liés à l'alcool/prévention et contrôle , Entretien psychologique/méthodes , Motivation , Brochures , Éducation du patient comme sujet/méthodes , Troubles liés à l'alcool/psychologie , Alcoolisme , Brésil , Service hospitalier d'urgences , Études de suivi , Entretien psychologique/normes , Enquêtes et questionnaires , Méthode en simple aveugle , Facteurs socioéconomiques
18.
J. bras. psiquiatr ; 60(2): 73-79, 2011. graf, tab
Article Dans Portugais | LILACS | ID: lil-593170

Résumé

OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste trabalho foi conhecer o perfil e avaliar as características de jogadores patológicos que frequentavam clínicas e grupos especializados no tratamento desse problema, quanto à motivação para mudança de comportamento. MÉTODO: Foram avaliados 69 sujeitos com diagnóstico de jogo patológico, segundo critérios diagnósticos do DSM-IV-TR. A amostra foi subdividida em dois grupos, conforme o tipo de tratamento: grupo em tratamento ambulatorial (TA) e grupo de jogadores anônimos (JA). Os instrumentos utilizados foram a University of Rhode Island Change Assessment (URICA), a Régua de Prontidão e a South Oaks Gambling Screen (SOGS). RESULTADOS: A análise dos resultados evidenciou que o grupo TA apresentou escore médio maior do que o do grupo JA tanto no estágio de pré-contemplação quanto no estágio de ação. Comparando os grupos TA e JA com relação ao tempo de abstinência, observou-se que o grupo de JA está associado a um tempo maior de abstinência do que o grupo de ambulatório. CONCLUSÃO: A importância de pesquisar estratégias que favoreçam a compreensão e a adesão aos tratamentos para jogadores patológicos é fundamental. A avaliação da motivação e dos estágios para mudança permite uma direção para o tratamento, auxiliando na elaboração de estratégias terapêuticas.


OBJECTIVE: The goal of this study was to evaluate the profile and the characteristics of pathological gamblers who attended clinics and groups specialized in the treatment of this problem, focusing on patients' motivation to change this behavior. METHOD: 69 subjects with a diagnosis of pathological gambling, according to diagnostic criteria of DSM-IV-TR were evaluated. The sample was divided in two groups according to treatment regimen: ambulatory care group and gamblers anonymous group (GA). The instruments used were the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment (URICA), the Ruler of Readiness and SOGS (South Oaks Gambling Screen). RESULTS: The results showed that the ambulatory group had a higher mean score than the GA group, both in the precontemplation stage and in the action stage. Comparing the group of ambulatory care and GA with regard to length of abstinence, it was observed that the group of GA is associated with a longer period of abstinence than the ambulatory group. CONCLUSION: The importance of searching strategies that enhance the understanding and treatment adherence for pathological gamblers is crucial. The evaluation of the motivation to change and the stages of change allow professionals to find a better direction for treatment, assisting in the development of therapeutic strategies.


Sujets)
Humains , Mâle , Femelle , Adulte , Adulte d'âge moyen , Jeu de hasard/diagnostic , Jeu de hasard/psychologie , Jeu de hasard/thérapie , Motivation , Observance par le patient , Troubles du contrôle des impulsions/psychologie , Études transversales , Entretien psychologique/méthodes , Connaissances, attitudes et pratiques en santé
19.
Rev. bras. ter. comport. cogn ; 12(1/2): 1-19, jun. 2010. ilus, tab
Article Dans Portugais | LILACS | ID: lil-603749

Résumé

Este artigo objetiva apresentar a importância da análise funcional do comportamento na avaliação e terapia comportamentais com crianças. Tomou parte um caso com oito anos e seis meses de idade, sexo feminino e dois anos de escolaridade. Sua mãe procurou atendimento com as descrições comportamentais da filha: desatenta, agitada, agressiva, desobediente e com dificuldades escolares. A avaliação funcional foi realizada em seis situações: terapeuta-cliente, terapeuta-mãe, terapeuta-pai, terapeuta-pais, terapeutatia e terapeuta-professora. Os principais procedimentos foram a observação do repertório comportamental da cliente, o relato verbal e a aplicação de instrumentos específicos. A análise funcional do comportamento foi promovida com base na formulação de hipóteses dos efeitos de mudanças ambientais nos comportamentos-queixa da cliente. Procedimentos de reforço verbal e generalizado foram utilizados para aumentar a autoestima e desenvolver um comportamento de melhor desempenho aritmético e acadêmico. Ambos os objetivos foram alcançados. Esse estudo de caso demonstrou que a análise funcional pode embasar processos de avaliação e psicoterapia infantil, tornando-os mais efetivos.


This article aims to demonstrate the importance of functional behavior analysis in behavioral evaluations and therapy involving children. A client took part who was eight years and six months old, female and with two years of schooling. Her mother sought assistance with the behavioral descriptions of her daughter: listless, agitated, aggressive, disobedient and with learning difficulties. The evaluation was conducted in six functional situations: therapist-client, therapist-mother, therapist-father, therapistboth parents, therapist-aunt and therapist-teacher. The main procedures involved the observation of the behavioral repertoire of the client, verbal account and the application of specific tools. The functional analysis of behavior was promoted based on the formulation of hypotheses of the effects of environmental changes on the client's complaint-behavior. Procedures of verbal and generalized reinforcement were used to increase selfesteem and develop a behavior that included better arithmetical and academic performance. Both goals were achieved. This case study demonstrated that functional analysis can be based on processes of evaluation and child psychotherapy, making them more effective.


Sujets)
Humains , Femelle , Enfant , Thérapie comportementale , Entretien psychologique/méthodes , Psychologie de l'enfant
20.
Cad. saúde pública ; 26(4): 713-724, abr. 2010. tab
Article Dans Portugais | LILACS | ID: lil-547208

Résumé

As experiências traumáticas precoces são um fator de risco preditivo de problemas psicopatológicos futuros. O Early Trauma Inventory (ETI) é um instrumento que avalia em indivíduos adultos experiências traumáticas ocorridas antes dos 18 anos de idade. Tal instrumento foi traduzido, transculturalmente adaptado e sua consistência interna foi avaliada. Vítimas de violência que preencheram os critérios de inclusão e exclusão foram submetidas a uma entrevista diagnóstica (SCID-I) e ao ETI. Foram incluídos 91 pacientes com o transtorno do estresse pós-traumático (TEPT). O alfa de Cronbach nos diferentes domínios variou de 0,595-0,793, e o escore total foi de 0,878. A maior parte dos itens nos vários domínios, com exceção do abuso emocional, apresentou índices de correlação interitem entre 0,51-0,99. A versão adaptada foi útil tanto na clínica quanto na pesquisa. Apresentou boa consistência interna e na correlação interitem. O ETI é um instrumento válido, com boa consistência para se avaliar a presença de história de traumas precoces em indivíduos adultos.


Early life stress is a strong predictor of future psychopathology during adulthood. The Early Trauma Inventory (ETI) was developed to detect the presence and impact of traumatic experiences that occurred up to 18 years of age. The ETI was translated and cross-culturally adapted and had its consistency evaluated. Victims of violence that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were submitted to SCID-I and ETI. Ninety-one patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were included. Cronbach's alpha in the different domains varied from 0.595 to 0.793, and the total score was 0.878. Except for emotional abuse, most of the various domains displayed inter-item correlation rates of 0.51 to 0.99. The adapted version was useful for clinical and research purposes and showed good internal consistency and inter-item correlation. The ETI is a valid instrument with good consistency for evaluating history of childhood and adolescent trauma in adults.


Sujets)
Adulte , Enfant , Femelle , Humains , Mâle , Maltraitance des enfants/psychologie , Entretien psychologique/méthodes , Événements de vie , Troubles de stress post-traumatique/diagnostic , Brésil , Caractéristiques culturelles , Reproductibilité des résultats , Facteurs socioéconomiques , Troubles de stress post-traumatique/psychologie , Traduction
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