effects of PGE1 and indomethacin on orthodontic tooth movement in rat

Prostaglandin E1 [PGE1] and indomethacin, a nonstroidal antiinflammatory drug, were separately administered during orthodontic tooth movement in rats. At the beginning, an orthodontic appliance was placed and activated in male albinus rats. In the first examination, the experimental group received submucosal injections of PGE1 [10 mg/kg/day] near the first maxillary right molars, and alcohol was injected to control group animals as a vehicle similarly. In the second examination, indomethacin [10 mg/kg/day] and methyl cellulose subcutaneously injected to experimental and control groups respectively. Tooth movement was measured at 1,3,5,7,9 and 11 days. In PGE1 group, tooth movement increased significantly at the beginning of seven days as compared to the vehicle injected group and the number of osteoclast and Howship's lacunae were markedly increased. A significant inhibition of tooth movement occurred beginning at seven days in the indomethacin group compared to the control group

Effect of PH changes on the action of PG E1 and PG E2 on the pregnant uterus in mice

The effect of pH changes on the action of Dinoprostone [PG E2] and Misoprostol [PG E1] was studied using the pregnant uterus of mice. Both drugs were capable of stimulating uterine activity and increasing resting uterine muscle tone in their original solution. A decrease in either drug's pH was associated with diminution of the response to both prostaglandins. Rise of pH mildly affected Misoprostol, while it had no ill effect on Dinoprostone. This indicated that when either one of the 2 prostaglandins needs to be inserted vaginally, local infections are better treated first in order to obtain a maximal response

Efeito da prostaglandina E1 e da indometacina na movimentaçäo ortodôntica em cäes: estudo clínico e histológico / Clinical and histologic observations on prostaglandin and indometacin effects on orthodontic movement in dog

Os efeitos da administraçäo local de prostaglandina e da indometacina sobre a movimentaçäo de dentes de cäes, foram examinados e possíveis alteraçöes no tecido periodontal, estudados. Nove cäes foram submetidos a extraçäo dos incisivos mediais superiores e após a cicatrizaçäo, instalado um aparelho ortodôntico com força contínua de 250 gramas para traçäo mesial dos incisivos intermédios. Os animais, divididos em 03 grupos, receberam injeçöes de prostaglandina (grupo I); indometacina (grupo II) e soro fisiológico (grupo III). Nos três grupos estudados houve movimentaçäo dos incisivos intermédios, mas os animais que receberam injeçäo de prostaglandina, apresentaram maior movimentaçäo dos incisivos para a mesial, do que os animais dos grupos que receberam soro fisiológico e indometacina. Histologicamente, os animais que receberam prostaglandina, apresentaram aumento do número de osteoclastos, com aumento das áreas de reabsorçäo e de vasos sanguíneos, enquanto que no grupo onde os animais receberam injeçöes de indometacina e soro fisiológico, o número de osteoclastos e as áreas de reabsorçäo, foram menores

Experimental studies on some effects of prostaglandin E2 in acute renal failure.

Acute renal failure has been produced in rats with oral administration of uranyl nitrate 40 mg/kg of body weight once, and histopathological changes in the kidneys with blood biochemical values were studied by sacrificing them after 36 hours of feeding. Prostaglandin E2 in 100 micrograms/kg of body weight was orally administered to another group of rats along with uranyl nitrate 40 mg/kg of body weight once and sacrificed them 36 hours after feeding. It was found that prostaglandin E2 has some protective effect in experimental model of acute renal failure as concluded from improved histological findings and blood biochemical values.

Prostaglandin E2 inhibits proliferation but not interleukin-2 production by phorbol ester plus calcium ionophore-activated murine T cell clones

We have investigated the effect of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on the T lymphocyte activation pathway. 2. At physiologically attainable concentrations (-0.1 micronM), PGE2 effectively inhibited the proliferation of murine antigen0specific "helper" T cell clones stimulated either with specific antigen in the presence of macrophages or with phorbol ester plus calcium ionophore A23187. The inhibition was not reversed by the addition of exogenous Interleukin 2(IL-2) in either case. 3. PGE treatment at the same concentrations did not inhibit IL-2 production by phorbol ester plus calcium ionophore-stimulated T cell clones as assayed by CTLL proliferation. 4. These results suggest that the major target (or targets) of PGE) inhibition directly on T cells lies in the IL-2 signal transduction pathway rather than in the early activation events leading to T cell activation

Granulomatous hypersensitivity to Schistosoma mansoni egg antigens in human Schistosomiasis: I. Granuloma formation and modulation around polyacrylamide antigen-conjugated beads

We have developed an in vitro model of granuloma formation for the purpose of studying the immunological components of delayed type hypersensitivity granuloma formation in patients infected with Schistosoma mansoni. Our data show that 1) granulomatous hypersensitivity can be studied by examining the cellular reactivity manifested as multiple cell layers surrounding the antigen conjugated beads; 2) this reactivity is a CD4 cell dependent, macrophage dependent, B cell independent response and 3) the in vitro granuloma response is antigenically specific for parasite egg antigens. Studies designed to investigate the immune regulation of granulomatous hypersensitivity using purified populations of either CD4 or CD8 T cells have demonstrated the complexity of cellular interactions in the suppression of granulomatous hypersensitivity. The anti-S. mansoni egg immune responses of individual patients with chronic intestinal schistosomiasis can be classified either as soluble egg antigen (SEA) hypersensitive with maximal granulomatous hypersensitivity or SEA suppressive with activation of the T cell suppressor pathway with effective SEA granuloma modulation. Our data suggest that T cell network interactions are active in the generation of effective granuloma modulation in chronic intestinal schistosomiasis patients.

El efecto prostaglandínico en la cámara anterior: su tratamiento / Prostaglandin effect in the anterior chamber: its treatment

Desde los trabajos de Ambache a partir de 1955, que demostraron que la sustancia a la que denominó Irin, era un compuesto de prostaglandinas E y F, se conoce que ellas son las responsables, a través de su presencia en la cámara anterior, de la hiperemia conjuntival, miosis, aumento del contenido proteico en el humor acuoso, disrupción de la barrera hemato-ocular y aumento de la presión intraocular. Efectuamos una revisión bibliográfica; propiciamos el uso de antinflamatorios no esteroideos, como inhibidores de la "PG" y presentamos una fórmula de aspirina soluble de uso tópico

Effects of prostaglandins F2 alpha and E2 on the contractility of non-pregnant human fallopian tube in vitro.

The effects of PGF2 alpha and PGE2 on the distal part of the isolated non-pregnant human fallopian tubes obtained from known menstrual phases has been investigated. Both PGF2 alpha and PGE2 produced an increased contractility of fallopian tube. However, PGF2 alpha was found to be more potent than PGE2 and also the contractions produced by the former compound showed wave forms of relatively high amplitude and low in frequency than that produced by the latter compound. These two compounds did not show a priming effect on each other. There was no discernible effect of phase of the menstrual cycle upon the contractile response to PG.