Technological study for obtaining an appropriate extract from Stellera Chamaejasme L. and Oxytropis Pseudoglandulosa / Монголын эм зүй, эм судлал

Background@#Infections in respiratory systems have spread throughout the world without any restrictions including living places, public issues, and lifestyle. Three main causes of illnesses for the population of cities and rural areas were gastrointestinal diseases, respiratory diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. After investigated some medicinal herbs including <i>Stelleria Chamaejasme</i> L. and <i>Oxytropis Pseudoglandulosa</i>, it has been reported that they had antiinflammatory, analgesic, and wound healing effects. Lozenge formulation has some advantages for treatment application, such as easily absorbed, good bioavailability and ability of diminishing stomach irritation. In this study, we aimed to obtain a suitable extract from <i>Stelleria Chamaejasme</i> L. and <i>Oxytropis Pseudoglandulosa</i> for further lozenge formulation.@*Purpose@#To obtain a suitable extract from <i>Stelleria Chamaejasme</i> L. and <i>Oxytropis Pseudoglandulosa</i>, and to conduct qualitative and quantitative studies for some biologically active substances@*Materials and methods@#In this study, an aerial part of <i>Stelleria Chamaejasme</i> L. and <i>Oxytropis Pseudoglandulosa</i> were used, and the study was conducted in MUPS. For obtaining a suitable extract, the raw materials were extracted by remaceration, repercolation and circulation methods in 20% and 70% of ethanol and distilled water. The flavonoids and polyphenolic compounds in the extracts were determined by thin layer chromatography. Quantitative analysis for total flavonoids was performed by spectrophotometer.@*Results@#According to the result, a yellow spot-on chromatogram was detected in extracted raw materials (<i>Stelleria Chamaejasme</i> L. and <i>Oxytropis Pseudoglandulosa</i>), indicating that flavonoid contained in the extracted solution.</br> The result was compared to standards of rutin (Rf=0.2) and quercetin (Rf= 0.94). Also, a black, blue spot-on chromatogram was detected in extracted raw materials (<i>Stelleria Chamaejasme</i> L. and <i>Oxytropis Pseudoglandulosa</i>), indicating that polyphenols contained in the extracted solution. The spots were compared to gallic acid as a standard substance. In the quantitative assay of total flavonoids in raw materials, black-green precipitation was revealed after procedure. From this result, remaceration and circulation techniques were suitable to extract the raw materials. Flavonoid content was 3.35±0.04% after using remaceration technique, which indicated that it was more suitable to extract the raw materials.@*Conclusions@#These results showed that the appropriate extracting solution for <i>Stelleria Chamaejasme</i> L. and <i>Oxytropis Pseudoglandulosa</i> was 70% of ethanol. In this case, 3.35±0.04% of flavonoid was extracted by remaceration technique.

Outcomes of retinopathy of prematurity screening at National Center For Maternal And Child Health / Шинэ санаа Шинэ нээлт

Purpose@#To investigate the outcomes of ROP screening of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).@*Methods@#This was a prospective of prematurity infants screened ROP from 2020 April 13th to April 28th 2020 and from 2020 June 08 th to June 22th 2020 and prospective cohort study of premature infants with treatment-requiring ROP who received intravitreal injections, laser surgery. Demographic factors, diagnosis and clinical course were recorded. Indirect ophthalmoscopy and Retinal imaging was performed using RetCam (Natus Medical, Pleasanton, CA) and images were taken. Each eye was evaluated by the pediatric ophthalmologist and aimag’s ophthalmologist for the presence or absence of ROP, zone of vascularization, stage, plus disease, and aggressive posterior ROP (AP-ROP). The diagnosis and classification of ROP for this current study were determined by examination using indirect ophthalmoscopy, and treatment plans were determined according to the International Classification for ROP and the Early Treatment for ROP Study (ET-ROP).^2,13@*Results@#A total of 90 premature infants with BW ≤ 2000g and/or GA ≤ 34 weeks were screened for ROP during the study period. 8 (8.8%) of the 90 infants screened required treatment. The 8 infants who received ROP treatment had a mean GA of 28.5 ± 1.7 weeks, mean BW of 1237.5 ± 125.42g, mean PMA of 36 weeks and mean follow-up time of 2 months.@*Conclusion@#After treatment, resolution of ROP was noted in approximately 100 % of the patients who had treatment-requiring ROP.

Effects of Srog dzin-5 prescription on pathogenesis model of acute stress and animal models of depressive disorders / Монголын эм зүй, эм судлал

Abstract@#There is a growing need for a systematic study of the use of medicines prepared from herbal, animal, and mineral raw materials in traditional Mongolian medicine to a new level. Based on traditional medicine technology and use, the study identified the most suitable modern medicinal ingredients for the human body, namely a medicine that can be used for depression in the ancient scripture, “Ngo mtshar dga’ ston gter mdzod” by Gelen Choijamts and further practical application is imperative. @*Purpose@#To study the effects of Srog dzin-5 prescription on pathogenesis model of acute stress and animal models of depressive disor- ders. @*Conclusion@#</br>1. In the pathogenesis model of acute stress disorder caused by restricted mobility, Srog dzin-5 prescription prevents stress-induced thymic involution and enlargement of adrenal glands. </br>2. In the pathogenesis model of ethanol-induced depression, Srog dzin-5 prescription increased physical activity, reduced despair, and prevented anxiety according to behavioral assessment.

Effects of Srog dzin-5 prescription on animal models of depressive disorders / Монголын эм зүй, эм судлал

Abstract@#Ngo mtshar dga’ ston gter mdzod” by gelong (Fully ordained monk, Tib. དགེ་སློང་) Choijamts is one of the important medical books of traditional medicine. From this book, we found the Srog dzin-5 prescription and the purpose of the study is to determine acute and chronic toxicity of the prescription, and to identify its effect on animal models of depressive disorders.@*Methods@#</br> 1. The study was conducted using quantitative research method by experimental research model. </br> 2. Determination of acute and chronic toxicity. </br> 3. Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress (CUMS) Procedure.@*Conclusion@#</br> 1. Srog dzin-5 prescription (LD₅₀ = 25.8 (24-29) g/kg) has been shown to be non-toxic according to the generally accepted classification of K.Sidorov and B.Berezovskaya. When conducting histological studies, it was found that the surface of the liver, kidneys and adrenals is smooth. Color, shape and size of organs are normal.</br> 2. In the model of chronic stress-induced depression, the Srog dzin-5 prescription increases physical activity, reduce tears, prevent anxiety and weight loss.

Technological study of throat lozenge / Монголын эм зүй, эм судлал

@#In modern days, a phytogenic medicinal form of throat lozenges has been widely used to treat upper respiratory illnesses such as cough, flu and sore throat. </br> A medicinal form of lozenge is prepared to have pleasant taste to use for consumers and it takes up a leading position in pharmaceutical market due to its several advantages. For instance, the throat lozenge directly influences on oral mucosa and acts partially and generally, increases bioavailability of active substances, and reduces gastric irritation. Moreover, it is suitable for use and it doesn’t pass through liver. In addition, it is easy to manufacture and store. The throat lozenge formulation produces mainly a partial therapeutic due to the additives of various active substances.</br> Researchers consider that this medicinal form of lozenges is prosperous in pharmaceutical industry and market in near future. Herbal drugs are used as main therapeutic agents for many diseases due to its market demand. There are many imported herbal drugs used in Mongolian pharmaceutical market, such as Koflet, Koflet-N, Dr. Mom, Woods, Timiar, and Linkas. Therefore, it is necessary to study the possibility and prospect of import substitution industrialization in our home country.</br> We have conducted a research develop a throat lozenge formulation technology using medicinal herbs with high-therapeutic value for sore throat treatment. Ural licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fish), Eugenia caryophyllata Thunb, and Ginger (Kaempferia galangal) were used in this drug formulation due to their therapeutic effects such as antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal and anti-inflammation. </br> The technological phases to prepare throat lozenge were developed on the basis of method by Suchitra Pundir and Abhay Murari Lal Verma, the scientists at the Department of Pharmaceutical Management and Technology, Indian University Pharmaceutical Sciences.

Study of manufacturing technology of tablet formulation from Mana-4 / Монголын эм зүй, эм судлал

Abstract@#Mana-4, an herbal medicine, had been used to treat incomplete-mannered and infection-caused hot disease in Mongolian traditional medicine. It has already reported that Mana-4 acts as an anti-inflammation agent, an activator of T and B cells, an immune-modulator and an inducer of cellular proliferation. Moreover, it enhances the immune system and energy level of human body. It was confirmed that the main active compounds in Mana-4 are inulin and total flavonoids which are effective for many diseases. Drug formulation types are very important to delivery the drugs to the targeted tissues and organs without loss of active ingredients. Total flavonoids in the extract of Mana-4 and granulated Mana-4 was qualitatively evaluated by TLC and yellow-brown spots (Rf was 0.4) were found on TLC plates, indicating that the preparations contained flavonoids. Also, it confirmed that the appropriate extractor of total flavonoids from Mana-4 was 70% of ethanol. In conclusion, the tablet formulation from Mana-4 was successfully prepared and the quality requirements was allowable.