RESUMO
Background & objectives: Nosocomial infections caused by multidrug-resistant, Pseudomonas species have become a major clinical and public health concern. The aim of this study was to characterize phenotypic and genotypic profile of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in Pseudomonas spp. isolated from hospitalized patients. Methods: A total of 126 consecutive, non-duplicate isolates of Pseudomonas spp. isolated from various clinical samples were included in the study over a period of two years. Identification and antimicrobial sensitivity was performed using automated culture system according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) recommendations. Phenotypic detection of extended-spectrum ?-lactamases (ESBLs), Amp-C ?-lactamase (AmpC) and metallo-?-lactamases (MBLs) were done by various combinations of disc-diffusion and E-test methods, followed by polymerase chain reaction-based detection of ?-lactamase-encoding genes. Results: Among 126 clinical isolates, 121 (96.1%) isolates were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Most of the isolates were recovered from pus sample, 35 (27.8%) followed by urine, 25 (19.84%); endotracheal aspirate, 24 (19.04%); blood, 14 (11.11%) and sputum, four (3.17%). The highest rate of resistance was against ticarcillin-clavulanic acid, 113 (89.7%) followed by meropenem, 92 (72.5%) and ceftazidime, 91 (72.3%). Overall, ESBLs, AmpC and carbapenemase production was detected in 109 (96.4%), 64 (50.8%) and 105 (94.6%) isolates by phenotypic methods. The most prevalent ESBL gene was blaTEMin 72 (57.1%) and the least prevalent was blaSHVin 19 (15.1%) isolates. AmpC gene was seen less compared to ESBL gene. The most prevalent carbapenemases gene was blaNDM-141 (46.06%) followed by blaVIM and blaOXA-1. Interpretation & conclusions: Our findings suggested that a high rate of ESBLs and carbapenemases production was observed in Pseudomonas spp. Therefore, phenotypic and genotypic detection of AMR needs to be combined for better characterization of resistance patterns in Pseudomonas spp.
Assuntos
Adulto , Criança , Feminino , Disparidades em Assistência à Saúde/economia , Disparidades em Assistência à Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Índia/epidemiologia , Masculino , Programas Nacionais de Saúde/economia , Programas Nacionais de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde/economia , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Classe Social , Fatores SocioeconômicosAssuntos
Carcinoma de Apêndice Cutâneo/patologia , Carcinoma de Apêndice Cutâneo/radioterapia , Elétrons/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Doenças do Cabelo/patologia , Doenças do Cabelo/radioterapia , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/patologia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/radioterapia , Couro Cabeludo/patologia , Couro Cabeludo/efeitos da radiação , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/radioterapia , Resultado do TratamentoAssuntos
Adenosina Trifosfatases/metabolismo , ATPase de Ca(2+) e Mg(2+)/metabolismo , Membrana Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Colesterol/farmacologia , Entamoeba histolytica/enzimologia , Vida Livre de Germes , Lipídeos de Membrana/metabolismo , Potenciais da Membrana , Microscopia Eletrônica , ATPase Trocadora de Sódio-Potássio/metabolismo , Propriedades de SuperfícieRESUMO
ATPase staining and ultrastructural study of skin biopsies from six patients of leprosy (2TT, 4LL) and three normal subjects was carried out to study Langherhans Cells (LC). ATPase staining showed normal counts of LCs in tuberculoid patients, while significant reduction was observed in lepromatous cases. Electron microscopy revealed morphological changes in LL cases in the form of dense matrix and indistinct cristae of mitochondria; decreased number of lysosomes and rough endoplasmic reticulum; and numerous vacuoles in cytoplasm. TT cases showed normal morphology. Possible role of Langerhans Cells in pathogenesis of leprosy is discussed.