Constituents from the bark of Annona squamosa and their anti-tumor activity / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the constituents of the Annona squamosa and evaluate their anti-tumor activity.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The compounds were isolated and purified by various column chromatography. Their structures were elucidated by spectral data analysis. Their anti-tumor activity was assayed by SRB method.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Eleven compounds were obtained from the 95% EtOH extract. The structures were determined as: annosquamosin C(1),15, 16-epoxy-17-hydroxy-ent-kau-ran-19-oic acid (2),16,17-dihydroxy-ent-kau-ran-19-oic acid(3), annosquamosin A(4), ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (5), 19-nor-ent-kauran4-ol-17-oic acid (6),16-hydroxy ent-kau ran-19-oic acid (7), ent-15beta-hydroxy-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (8), annosquamosin B (9), ent-16beta, 17-dihydroxykauran-19-al (10), 16, 17-dihydroxy-ent-kauran-19-oic acid me thyl ester (11). Compounds 1,2,3,5,9 showed different inhibitory activities against 95-D lung cancer cells,the effect of compound 5 was strongest with the IC50 value 7.78 micromol x L(-1); Compounds 2, 5, 9 showed inhibitory activities against A2780 ovarian cancer cells, the effects of compounds 2 and 9 were strong with the IC50 values being 0.89, 3.10 micromol x L(-1), respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compound 2 was firstly isolated from this family, while compound 8 and 10 were first found from this genus and the title species, respectively. The in vitro anti-tumor test showed compound 5 significantly inhibited 95-D lung cancer cells and compounds 2 and 9 exhibited remarkbale activity against A2780 ovarian cancer cells.</p>

Rationale and clinical application of simplified modified radical thyroidectomy for differentiated thyroid Carcinoma / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective To explore rationale and clinical application of simplified modified radical thyroideetomy for differentiated thyroid carcinoma.Methods From Jan.2007 to Jun.2010,349 cases of differentiated thyroid carcinoma received simplified operative procedure based on standard modified radical thyroidectomy.The simplified procedure took a low small collar incision(about 10-12 cm).In separating upper and lower skin flaps,subcutaneous tissues covering posterior triangle of neck and posterior edge of sternoeleidomastoid muscle were spared to protect sensory nerves.Subtotal thyroidectomy Was performed to resect the affected lobe,isthmus,and the majority of opposite lobe without considering the size of primary tumor or whether metastasis to the neck lymph nodes happened.Soft tissues of the mainly metastatic areas(Ⅱ a、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴb)were cleared.The accessory nerve was not exposed routinely to avoid stimulation.Lymph nodes metastasis in different areas was recorded respectively.Complications in different operative modes were compared.Results Compared with standard modified radical thyroidectomy,the simplified mode had shorter scar-and no limit of neck mobility.Because of muscles and nerves pemervation,movement dysfunction and abnormal sensation of neck and shoulder decreased obviously.The operation duration was shortened.Cervical lymph node status Was evaluated,which provided basis for prognosis judgment and comprehensive treatment.Conclusions The simplified modified radical procedure has the benefit of decreased trauma while maintains the similar recurrence rate compared to modified radical thyroidectomy.It improvs the life quality of patients.This procedure fits the principle of functional radical neck dissection better.

Relationship between urinary iodine level and thyroid diseases in Liaocheng / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective To investigate relationship between urinary iodine level and thyroid diseases in Liaocheng city.Methods Level of serum TSH,FT3,FT4,TPOAb,TGAb and urinary iodine in thyroid disease group and normal control group was detected respectively.Results The median concentration of urinary iodine in normal control group in Liaocheng was 108μg/L.The median urinary iodine level in patients with thyroid dysfunction and thyroid nodal diseases was higher than that in normal control group(P0.05).Conclusions Iodine uptake in Liaocheng is sufficient.Additional uptake of iodine increases the incidence of thyroid diseases.Urine iodine detection helps to guide iodine supplementation in individual.

The correlation between chemokine receptor-5, CCR5-32 and breast cancer / 中华内分泌外科杂志

Objective To study the expression of chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) in breast cancer and metastatic axillary nodes and the frequency of polymorphism CCR5-△32,and its effect on breast cancer metastasis.Methods Specimens were collected from Aug.2008 to Jun.2009 in Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery,Liaocheng People's Hospital.The relative expression quantity of CCR5 mRNA was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-PCR),and polymorphism CCR5-△32 was tested by DNA electrophoresis.The data was processed by SPSS software.Results 1.The relative expression quantity of CCR5 mRNA was significantly higher in breast cancer tissues than in paracarcinoma tissues(P ＜ 0.01)and breast fibroadenoma tissues (P ＜ 0.05).The difference of relative expression quantity of CCR5 mRNA had statistical significance between breast cancer tissues in stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ(P ＜ 0.05 ),but not between breast fibroadenoma tissues and paracarcinoma tissues(P ＞0.05).2.The relative expression quantity of CCR5 mRNA was significantly higher in metastatic axillary nodes than in nonmetastatic nodes (P ＜ 0.05 ).3.Polymorphism CCR5-△32 wasn't found in any specimen.4.The relative expression of CCR5 mRNA had connection with breast oncogene C-erbB-2 and whether there was axillary lymph node metastasis,but no connection with other immunological and biochemical indicators.Conclusions CCR5 mRNA is significantly higher expressed in breast cancer and metastatic axillary nodes.The interaction between CCR5 and its ligands promotes the progress of breast cancer and axillary lymph node metastasis.CCR5 can be taken as a molecular indicator to predict axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer and provides new targert for clinical therapy.

Simultaneous determination of five flavonoid compounds in leaves of Adinandra nitida by HPLC-PAD / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To established a novel HPLC-PAD method for the simultaneous determination of five compounds (camellianin A, camellianin B, apigenin, quercitrin, epicatechin) in leaves of Adinandra nitida.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>These compounds were effectively separated on a reversed-phase C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 10 microm) with the column temperature at 25 degrees C. The mobile phase was composed of 0.1% aqueous formic acid and methanol. The flow rate was 1.0 mL x min(-1), the detection wavelength was set at 280 nm before 15 min for detecting epicatechin and at 262 nm from 15 to 40 min for detecting the rest four compounds.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>All the linearities were good (r > 0.9991) within their test ranges. The established method showed good precision with overall intra-day and interday RSD values less than 3.33% and 3.2%, respectively. The average recoveries were in the range of 96.08% to 100.30% with RSD from 2.0% to 4.0%. The limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) in the range of ranged from 0.9 to 5.6 ng and 3.0 to 19.0 ng, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This established method can be applied to evaluate the intrinsic quality of the leaves of A. nitida.</p>

Simultaneous determination of three sesquiterpene lactones in Radix Linderae by HPLC / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop an HPLC method for simultaneous determination of three major sesquiterpene lactones in Radix Linderae.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The chromatographic separation was achieved on a Diamonsil C18 column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) using isocratic elution of acetonitrile-water (containing 0.1% H3 PO4) (45 : 55) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL x min(-1). Detection was carried out using a photodiode array detector at 220 nm.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The calibration curves were linear in the range of 0.001 8-0.036 0 g x L(-1) for hydroxylinderstrenolide (R2 = 0.999 8), 0.016 2-0.323 2 g x L(-1) for neolinderalactone (R2 = 0.999 9), 0.010 5-0.209 9 g x L(-1) for linderane (R2 = 0.999 9), respectively. The average recoveries were 100.0% for hydroxylinderstrenolide, 98.8% for neolinderalactone and 98.9% for linderane with RSD not more than 3.3%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The established method was proved to be simple, sensitive and credible, and can be applied to quality control of Radix Linderae.</p>

Antioxidative and cytotoxic properties of diarylheptanoids isolated from Zingiber officinale / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of five diarylheptanoids (1-5) isolated from the rhizomes of Zingiber officinale.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Various models such as scavenging superoxide anions and 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals, inhibiting lipid peroxidation, as well as protecting of rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were employed to assay the antioxidative effects of the diarylheptanoids. The cytotoxicities of compounds 1-5 were measured with MTT assays.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The test compounds (1-5) showed promising DPPH inhibitory activities, and compound 5 exhibited the strongest DPPH scavenging activity with an IC50 value of (22.6+/-2.4) micromol x L(-1). Compounds 1, 3 and 4 showed potential anti-peroxidative effects with inhibitory rates of (66.3+/-15.4)%, (68.7+/-15.8)% and (72.2+/-10.6)%, respectively, at 100 microg x mL(-1). It could be observed that compounds 1, 3 and 4 demonstrated significant neuroprotective activities in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, compound 3 exhibited certain cytotoxicities against human chronic myelogenous leukemia cells (K562) and its adriamycin-resistant cells (K562/ADR) with IC50 values of (34.9+/-0.6), (50.6+/-23.5) micromol x L(-1), respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In vitro results demonstrated that five diarylheptanoids (1-5) isolated from the roots of Z. officinale were capable of scavenging radicals, inhibiting lipid peroxidation and protecting PC12 cells against the insult by H2O2. Additionally, compound 3 could inhibit the growth of K562 and K562/ADR cells.</p>