Clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in oral and maxillofacial regions: An analysis of 369 cases / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and factors influencing the prognosis of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in oral and maxillofacial regions.@*METHODS@#Clinicopathological data of 369 patients with oral and maxillofacial NHL initially diagnosed in Peking University Hospital of Stomatology from 2008 to 2020 were collected and analyzed retrospectively.@*RESULTS@#There were 180 males and 189 females. The median age of the patients was 56 years (3 months to 92 years), and the median duration was three months. Clinically, 283 cases manifested as mass, 38 cases as ulcerative necrotizing lesions, and 48 cases as diffuse soft tissue swelling. The lesions of 90 cases located in face and neck (75 cases neck, 20.3%), 99 cases were of major salivary glands (79 cases parotid glands, 20.9%), 103 cases of oral cavity, 50 cases of maxillofacial bones, 20 cases of Waldeyer's ring, and 7 cases of infratemporal fossa. In the study, 247 of the 369 patients had cervical lymphadenopathy, only 40 cases had B symptoms, and 23 cases had the bulky disease. Of the 369 NHLs, 299 (81%) were B-cell NHL, and 70(19%) were T-cell NHL. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue, follicular lymphoma, and extranodal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma nasal type were the most common pathological subtypes. According to Ann Arbor staging, 87, 138, 106, and 38 cases were classified as staged Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ, respectively. The me-dian follow-up time was 48 months, 164 patients died during the follow-up period. The overall survival rates for one year, two years, and five years were 90.1%, 82.4%, and 59.9%, respectively, and the median survival was (86.00±7.98) months. Multivariate analysis showed that age (P < 0.001), Ann Arbor staging (P < 0.001), elevated lactate dehydrogenase (P=0.014), and pathological subtype (P=0.049) were the independent factors influencing the overall survival rate of NHL patients.@*CONCLUSION@#Oral and maxillofacial NHL has unique clinical characteristics and distribution patterns of pathological subtypes. Fewer patients had systemic symptoms. Neck and parotid glands were the most common sites invaded by NHL. Advanced age, Ann Arbor stage Ⅲ-Ⅳ, B symptoms, and T-cell NHL may predict a poor prognosis in oral and maxillofacial NHL patients.

Clinicopathological study in 28 cases of oral basaloid squamous cell carcinomas / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinicopathologic features and prognostic factors in oral basaloid squamous cell carcinoma.@*METHODS@#Retrospective analysis of oral basaloid squamous cell carcinomas patients who underwent tumor resection during the period from January 2002 to December 2020 in the authors' hospital, especially the clinicopathologic characteristics of 28 cases with confirmed diagnosis and follow-up data. Immunohistochemistry was performed to define the helpful markers for differentiation diagnosis. The factors influencing the prognosis were evaluated based on Kaplan-Meier method.@*RESULTS@#The tongue and mouth floor (11 cases, 39.3%) were the most frequently involved sites, followed by gingiva (6 cases, 21.4%), buccal (5 cases, 17.9%), palate (4 cases, 14.3%), and oropharynx (2 cases, 7.1%). The majority of basaloid squamous cell carcinomas were in advanced stage, with 12 cases in stage Ⅱ and 16 cases in stages Ⅲ-Ⅳ. Twelve of 28 patients were identified to have cervical lymph node metastasis, which was confirmed by histopathological examination. The incidence rate of lymph node metastasis was 42.9% (12/28). Nine tumors recurred, with one metastasized to the lung. At the meantime, the 28 conventional squamous cell carcinomas were matched with the same stage, among which 13 cases were identified with cervical lymph node metastasis. The incidence rate of lymph node metastasis was 46.4% (13/28). Five cases recurred, with two cases that metastasized to the lung and one to the brain. The 5-year overall survival rates of the basaloid squamous cell carcinoma and conventional squamous cell carcinoma patients were 54.6% and 53.8%, respectively. Histopathologically, basaloid cells consisted of tumor islands without evident keratinization but frequently with comedo-like necrosis within the tumor islands. CK5/6 and P63 exhibited strongly positive in all the 28 cases, whereas neuroendocrine markers, CgA and Syn, were negative. Eight cases positively expressed P16; one case showed focal SOX10 positive but CK7 negative.@*CONCLUSION@#The majority of oral basaloid squamous cell carcinomas present in advanced stage with a high tendency to lymph node metastasis, but the overall survival rates are not significantly different from conventional squamous cell carcinomas matched with the same stage. The human papilloma virus (HPV), as HPV-positivity rate is high, correlates to good prognosis. In addition, CK7 & SOX10 immunohistochemistry could contribute to differential diagnosis for basaloid squamous cell carcinoma with solid adenoid cystic carcinoma.

Transcriptomic Changes of Astrocytes in the Brain of Rats with Subacute METH Exposure / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To study the transcriptomic changes of astrocytes in the brain of rats exposed to methamphetamine (METH) and its possible mechanism in neurotoxicity.@*METHODS@#The rats were intraperitoneally injected with METH (15 mg/kg) every 12 h for 8 times in total to establish the subacute rat model of METH. After the model was successfully established, the striatum was extracted, and astrocytes were separated by the magnetic bead method. Transcriptome sequencing was performed on selected astrocytes, and the differentially expressed genes were analyzed by gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis.@*RESULTS@#A total of 876 differentially expressed genes were obtained by transcriptome sequencing, including 321 up-regulated genes and 555 down-regulated genes. GO analysis revealed that differentially expressed genes were mainly concentrated in cell structure, biological process regulation, extracellular matrix and organelle functions. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that steroids biosynthesis, fatty acid biosynthesis, peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor (PPAR), adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and other signaling pathways were significantly changed.@*CONCLUSIONS@#METH can cause structural changes of astrocytes through multiple targets, among which cellular structure, steroids biosynthesis and fatty acid biosynthesis may play an important role in nerve injury, providing a new idea for forensic identification of METH related death.

Review and Prospect of Pathological Features of Corona Virus Disease / 法医学杂志

Since 2003, coronavirus has caused multiple major public health events that resulted in global epidemics, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome （SARS）, Middle East respiratory syndrome （MERS） and corona virus disease 2019 （COVID-19）. Especially since COVID-19 outbroke in Wuhan, Hubei, in December 2019, coronavirus has had a significant impact on people's health and lives. But so far, the pathological diagnosis of COVID-19 has been relatively deficient： it is still confined to the pathological findings of punctured organs, and the majority of medical workers have poor awareness of its pathological characteristics. The COVID-19, as same as SARS and MERS, is caused by coronaviruses and can cause viral pneumonia. They have certain similarities. This article comprehensively reviews the pathological features observed in the autopsies of the aforementioned three diseases, in order to provide reference to the analysis of pathological changes of COVID-19.

The clinical significance of joint line in primary total knee arthroplasty and revision total knee arthroplasty / 中华骨科杂志

The number of patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has increased with aging. Further, the number of revision TKA has also increased. The position of joint line is closely related to the function of knee joint. Thus, the height of joint line has gradually attracted the attention of surgeons. The position of joint line affects knee function and patient satisfaction after TKA by affecting the function of patellofemoral joint, wear of polyethylene, range of motion and joint stability. However, there are still some disputes about the measurement of the joint line, the position of joint line and the method in TKA. Especially in revision TKA, it is difficult to determine the position of joint line because of the destruction of bone anatomical marks by the primary TKA. Developing a reliable anatomic marker to localize joint line is crucial for primary and revision TKA. In the present review, the accuracy, advantages and disadvantages of joint line measurement, patellofemoral joint function, wear of polyethylene liner, joint mobility, joint stability and control of joint line are discussed to analyze the effects of joint line elevation and reduction on knee joint function in primary and revision TKA.

Study on anti-osteoporosis effect of Eucommiae Cortex based on GC-MS metabonomics / 中国中药杂志

Based on GC-MS metabolomics and biochemical index analysis, the mechanism of bone mass loss in osteoporosis and the evaluation of anti-osteoporosis in Eucommiae Cortex were studied. The OVX rats model was established by bilateral ovariectomized. The routine indexes such as BMC, BMD, BGP and TRAP5 b were determined. The GC-MS technique was used to analyze the metabolism profile of serum samples between the control group, model group and medicine group, and multiple statistical analysis methods including principal component analysis(PCA), partial least squares-linear discriminant analysis(PLS-LDA) and subwindow rearrangement analysis(SPA) were used to screen and identify biomarkers. Five metabolites were selected as potential biomarkers, glycine, lysine, tryptophan, docosahexaenoic acid and glucose. Except for the significant increase of tryptophan in serum of OVX rats, the other four metabolites were significantly decreased. Moreover, the five biomarkers of the medicine group had a trend of returning to rats in control group. The significantly altered metabolite levels indicated that Eucommiae Cortex may relieve the symptoms of osteoporosis by regulating amino acid metabolism and oxidative stress.

Cervical lymph node metastasis in adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary glands: A clinicopathologic study / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the incidence and clinicopathologic features of cervical lymph node metastasis in salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC).@*METHODS@#Retrospective analysis was made in 798 AdCC patients who underwent tumor resection during January, 2001 to January, 2019 in Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, especially the clincopathologic characteristics of 82 cases with lymph node metastasis.@*RESULTS@#In the study, 82 of the 798 patients were identified with cervical lymph node metastasis, which was confirmed by histopathological examination. The palate, the region of sublingual gland and mouth floor, and the parotid were the frequently involved primary sites for AdCCs. The general incidence rate of lymph node metastasis was approximately 10%. The submandibular gland, the region of sublingual gland and mouth floor, and the mobile tongue were the most frequent sites of lymph node metastasis with the incidence rates of 20.8%, 16.1%, and 15.1%, respectively; while lymph node metastasis was uncommon in the tumors which were the origin from the palate and parotid, with incidence rates of 6.1% and 3.4%, respectively. Most AdCC cases (70.7%) showed the classic "tunnel-style" metastatic pattern of occurrence, and the level I and II regions were the most frequently involved areas. The 5-year and 10-year overall survival rates of the patients with lymph node metastasis were 77.4% and 20.6% respectively, while the 5-year and 10-year overall survival rates of the patients with no lymph node metastasis were 83.5% and 57.6%, respectively. The univariate analysis demonstrated that statistically significant differences in the overall survival for the presence of lymph node metastasis (P<0.001). In the meantime, the 5-year disease-free survival rate of the patients with lymph node metastasis also showed statistically significant differences to that of the AdCC patients with no lymph node metastasis. In addition, the primary site and histological grade were significantly associated with lymph node metastasis, and the high-grade solid growth pattern was identified as a strong predictor for the occurrence of lymph node metastasis.@*CONCLUSION@#Cervical lymph node metastasis has a high tendency of occurrence in submandibular gland and tongue-mouth floor complex, and the high-grade solid growth pattern could be taken as a strong predictor for the occurrence of lymph node metastasis, which correlates to poor prognosis of AdCC patients. A selective neck dissection should be considered as a management in such patients.

Clinicopathological features and possible prognostic factors in parotid lymphomas / 北京大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinicopathological features and prognostic factors in lymphoma of parotid origin.@*METHODS@#Clinicopathological data of the patients with parotid lymphoma who were initially diagnosed in Peking University Hospital of Stomatology from 2006 to 2016 were collected and analyzed retrospectively. The patients were followed-up for 5 to 149 months with a median period of 45 months, and the factors influencing the prognosis were evaluated.@*RESULTS@#A total of 41 patients with primary parotid lymphoma were included in this retrospective study. The rate of male to female was 1:2.15. The median age was 57 years (ranging from 8 months to 91 years). According to WHO classification, 40 cases (97.1%) were diagnosed as non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), including 15 cases of extranodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), 14 cases of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) as well as 4 cases of follicular lymphoma, while other subtypes of NHL were rare. Only one case was diagnosed as Hodgkin lymphoma. Regarding the clinical staging at the initial diagnosis, 37 patients (90.2%) were diagnosed as stage IE or IIE of the disease, while 4 patients (9.8%) as stage IIIE or stage IVE. Seven patients (17.1%) had a history of Sjögren syndrome (SS), all of whom were MALT lymphoma. The mean ill duration of the 41 patients were 20.7 months. Thirty-two patients (78%) presented a slowly growing painless mass in the parotid gland. Treatment options included localized therapy and systemic therapy, all of whom had good curative effect. Nine patients (21.9%) died during the follow-up period. The overall survival rates of 2-year and 5-year were 84.5% and 81.3% respectively. The univariate analysis demonstrated statistically significant differences for accelerated growth of tumor (P=0.005), and presence of tumor capsule (P=0.011). The multi-univariate analysis demonstrated statistically significant differences for presence of tumor capsule (P=0.041).@*CONCLUSION@#A large majority of primary parotid lymphoma were NHL, among which MALT lymphoma and DLBCL were common subtypes. Most patients presented an indolent mass in parotid gland, which should be distinguished from the parotid benign tumors. SS is closely related to the pathogenesis of MALT lymphoma. The prognosis is better than that of other malignant parotid tumors. Absence of tumor capsule may predict a poor prognosis in patients with parotid lymphoma.

Effects of Sel1L on properties of bone marrow derived dendritic cells / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To explore the effects of suppress or enhancer of lin-12-like(Sel1L) on differentiation and function of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells.Methods:To generate conditional knockout mice by the Cre-Loxp recombination system.ELISA and Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-PCR) was used for analyzing the protein levels and mRNA levels of IL-6/IL-12 in BMDCs.The protein levels of Sel1L in BMDCs were detected by Western bolt.The expression of CFSE,CD80,CD86,MHC-Ⅰ,MHC-Ⅱon BMDCs and the capability in priming OVA specific CD4+T cells proliferation were analyzed by the flow cytometry.Results:The deficiency of Sel1L decreases the proliferation of DCs during its differentiation,up-regulates the secretion of IL-6,IL-12 and the expression of MHC-Ⅰ.Notably,Sel1L-null DCs was failed to up-regulate MHC-Ⅱexpression and dramatically impaired their ability to prime OVA323-339specific CD4+T cell.Conclusion:The deletion of Sel1L can reduce the proliferation of BMDCs and down-regulate its ability in priming the proliferation of OVA specific CD4+T cells.

Effect of nano-SiO2 exposure on spatial learning and memory and LTP of hippocampal dentate gyrus in rats / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of nano-SiO2 on spatial learning and memory.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-four male rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control group (C group), low dose group (L group) and high dose group (H group). The rats were intragastrically administrated with nanometer particles at 25 and 100 mg/kg body weight every day for 4 weeks. After exposure, the ability of learning and memory of rats was tested by Morris water maze, and electrophysiological brain stereotactic method was used to test long-tear potentiation (LTP) in dentate gyrus (DG) of the rats.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The increase rate of body weight in H group was reduced significantly compared with C group ( P < 0.05). In the space exploration experiment of Morris water maze test, the escape latency of H group was longer than that of C group (P < 0.05). The rats of H group spent less time in finding the target quadrant (P < 0.05) . The rate of LP induction of H group was significantly lower than that of C group (P < 0.05). After high fre quency stimulation (HFS), The changes of amplitude of population spike (PS) of L group and H group were lower than those of C group significantly (P < 0.05, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Nano-SiO₂may result in impairment of spatial learning and memory ability by reducing the rate of LTP induction and the increase of PS in hippocampus.</p>

Articular cartilage repair using mesenchymal stem cells-derived microvesicles and induced pluripotent stem cells / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Induced pluripotent stem cels and mesenchymal stem cels-derived microvesicles have been confirmed in various tissue repairs, which are expected to become more effective and safe therapy for articular cartilage repair. OBJECTIVE:To overal understand the research progress in the use of induced pluripotent stem cels and mesenchymal stem cels-derived microvesicles in articular cartilage repair. METHODS: A computer-based search of PubMed and CNKI was performed by the first author for articles related to stem cel treatment of osteoarthritis published from 2003 to 2015. The keywords were “articular cartilage injury, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels” in English and Chinese, respectively. In the same field, articles published recently or in authorized journals were preferred. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Articular cartilage injury is stil a difficulty in the orthopedics. Many repair methods have been reported, but they al have limitations. Induced pluripotent stem cels and mesenchymal stem cels-derived microvesicles bring a new hope for patients with articular cartilage injury. However, there are stil many problems to be solved, such as extracting and purifying a large amount of cels, proliferation and differentiation potentials, and mechanism underlying cartilage repair.

Chondrocyte apoptosis and endoplasmic reticulum stress / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Apoptosis of chondrocytes eventualy leads to osteoarthritis. New studies find many mechanisms of chondrocyte apoptosis, but the mechanism of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced chondrocyte apoptosis is stil in the first stage. OBJECTIVE: To review how the endoplasmic reticulum stress causes the chondrocyte apoptosis and to explore a new method of treatment for osteoarthritis. METHODS: A computer-based online search of PubMed database, CNKI database and Wangfang database between January 2000 and January 2015 was performed to search related articles with the key words of “endoplasmic reticulum stress, chondrocyte, apoptosis” in English or in Chinese, respectively. The word “AND” was used for the connection between the word retrieval. Literatures related to osteoarthritis were selected; the articles published lately in authoritative journals were preferred. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 62 literatures were primarily selected, and 57 documents were involved in result analysis according to inclusion criteria. PERK, IRE1 and ATF6 play an important role in the chondrocytes. Endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis mechanisms include two kinds, UPR and Ca2+start signal, but the specific mechanism and the interactions between apoptosis pathway are unclear. Inhibitory molecules for chondrocyte apoptosis in these signaling pathways as treatment targets for osteoarthritis may provide new methods for the treatment of osteoarthritis.

Anti-catabolic effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester, an active component of honeybee propolis on bone loss in ovariectomized mice: a micro-computed tomography study and histological analysis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Osteoporosis (OP) is a common bone disease, which adversely affects life quality. Effective treatments are necessary to combat both the loss and fracture of bone. Recent studies indicated that caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a natural chemical compound from honeybee propolis which is capable of attenuating osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of CAPE on bone loss in OP mice using micro-computed tomography (CT) and histology.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eighteen mice were prepared and evenly divided into three groups. The six mice in the sham+PBS group did not undergo ovariectomy and were intraperitoneally injected with PBS during the curing period. Twelve mice were ovariectomized (OVX) to induce OP. Six of them in the OVX+CAPE group were intraperitoneally injected with 0.5 mg/kg CAPE twice per week for 4 weeks after ovariectomy. The other six OVX mice in OVX+PBS group were treated with PBS. All the mice were sacrificed 4 weeks after ovariectomy. The tibias were bilaterally excised for micro-CT scan and histological analysis. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to test the statistical differences among groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Bone loss occurred in OVX mice. Compared with the sham+PBS group, mice in the OVX+PBS group exhibited a significant decrease in bone mineral density (BMD, P < 0.05), bone volume fraction (BV/TV, P < 0.01), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th, P < 0.05), and trabecular number (Tb.N, P < 0.01), as well as a non-insignificant increase in the number of osteoclasts (N.Oc/B.Pm). With CAPE treatment, the microarchitecture of the tibial metaphyses was significantly improved with a reduction of osteoclast formation. Compared with the OVX+PBS group, BV/TV in the OVX+CAPE group was significantly increased by 33.9% (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>CAPE therapy results in the protection of bone loss induced by OVX.</p>

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for osteoarthritis:its possibility and future / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Nowadays treatment of osteoarthritis with drugs is not ideal. In recent years, more and more scientists try to use stem cells to treat osteoarthritis. OBJECTIVE:To explore the stem celltreatment for osteoarthritis in order to promote its clinical application and find out its difficulties. METHODS:A computer-based online search of PubMed database and CNKI database between March 1998 and October 2013 was performed to search related articles with the key words of“stem cell, osteoarthritis, bone metabolism, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells”in English or in Chinese, respectively. The word“AND”was used for the connection between the word retrieval. Literatures related to stem cells treatment for osteoarthritis were selected;in the same field, the articles published lately in authoritative journals were preferred. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 79 literatures were primarily selected, and 50 documents were involved for summary according to inclusion criteria. The stem celltreatment for osteoarthritis is realized mainly by promoting the repair of cartilage tissue. Commonly used methods are stem celltransplantation and induced differentiation of stem cells. Stem celltreatment has broad application prospects for the treatment of osteoarthritis.

Differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into chondrocyte-like cells under the conditions of transforming growth factor beta and cyclical tensile strain / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Transforming growth factor-βhas been shown to exert an obvious induction effect on the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into chondrocytes. Cyclical tensile strain simulates mechanical environment of chondrocytes in the body, and plays an important regulatory role in cellproliferation and differentiation. OBJECTIVE:To discuss the synergy of transforming growth factor-βand cyclical tensile strain in inducing the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into chondrocyte-like cells. METHODS:A total of 10 2-month-old New Zealand rabbits were selected. Bone needle was used to penetrate the medul ary cavity of bone. 3.0-4.0 mL of bone marrow was extracted for isolation and culture of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Passage 3 cells were randomly assigned to four groups:blank, transforming growth factor-β, cyclical tensile strain and cyclical tensile strain+transforming growth factor-βgroups. After 1, 3 and 6 days, cells were obtained. General morphology was observed using safranin O staining. Glycosaminoglycan levels were detected by alcian blue staining. Matrix metal oproteinase-13 and tissue inhibitor of metal oproteinase-1 levels in supernatant were measured using ELISA. Type II col agen, matrix metal oproteinase-13 and tissue inhibitor of metal oproteinase-1 mRNA relative expression was detected using RT-PCR. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Safranin O staining showed fusiform or irregular triangular cells. cellnumber and matrix secretion increased in each experimental group than in blank group. Glycosaminoglycan levels in the supernatant were greater in the transforming growth factor-βand cyclical tensile strain+transforming growth factor-βgroups than in the blank group (P<0.05). Type II col agen mRNA relative expression was higher in the cyclical tensile strain+transforming growth factor-βgroup than in the blank group (P<0.05). Results indicated that transforming growth factor-βand cyclical tensile strain could induce the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells into chondrocytes, showing an apparent cooperative action.

Analysis of projects received and funded in fields of emergency and intensive care medicine/trauma/burns/plastic surgery from National Natural Science Foundation of China during 2010-2013 / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective To summarized the projects received and funded in the fields of emergency and intensive care medicine/trauma/burns/plastic surgery from National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) during 2010-2013,put forward the thinking and perspective of this future trend in these fields.Methods The number of the funded project and total funding in the fields of emergency and intensive care medicine/trauma/burns/plastic surgery from NSFC during 2010-2013 had been statistical analyzed,in the meantime,the overview situation of various branches in basic research and further preliminary analysis the research frontier and hot issues have been analyzed.Results ① The number of funded project were 581 in H 15 of NSFC during 2010-2013,total funding reached to 277.13 million RMB,including 117 projects in H 1511 (emergency and intensive care medicine/trauma/burns/plastic surgery and other science issue),96 projects in H1507 (wound healing and scar),88 projects in H1502 (multi-organ failure),71 projects in H 1505 (burn),61 projects in H 1504 (trauma) ② The top 10 working unit for project funding in the field of Emergency and intensive care medicine/trauma/burns/plastic surgery present as Third Military Medical University (70),Shanghai Jiao tong University (69),Second Military Medical University (40),Chinese PLA General Hospital (36),Forth Military Medical University (35),Zhejiang University (22),Sun Yat-Sen University (18),Southern Medical University (14),China Medical University (11),Capital Medical University (11) respectively,the number of funded project positive correlated with funding.③ The funded research field in H15 covered almost all important organs and system injury or repair research,our scientists reached a fairly high level in some research field,for example,sepsis,trauma,repair,et al.Sepsis was funded 112 projects in H15 for 4 years,the growth rate became rapid and stable comparing to shock,burns and cardiopulmonary resuscitation funded projects' number.emergency and intensive care medicine/trauma/burns research fields related to heart,lung,bone/cartilage/muscle,stomach/intestinal/liver,brain/spinal cord/peripheral nerve and other tissues/organs.The number of funded projects in plastic surgery related research fields in angioma and flap related projects were down below to 3 projects,but the number of funded project in wounds,scar repair related research field were more than other fields relatively.④ In frontier and research hot issue,the funded rate represent as 23.8％,21.4％,19.0％ and 23.9％ in stem cell related research fields in 4 years respectively.The funded rate average to 20.9％ in epigenetic related research fields for four years,the funded rate achieved to break through zero in autophagy related research fields,the total rate raised to 32.6％ from 2011 to 2013.Conclusions The funded number and funding were raised rapidly in the fields of emergency and intensive care medicine/trauma/burns/plastic surgery from NSFC.The application for each proposal should be focus on concise or upgrade the scientific issues to improve the quality.The depth or systematic in content and interdisciplinary research fields (e.g.immunology) should be paid attention to.Sepsis,trauma and burns will be the main stream direction in future in the fields of emergency and intensive care medicine/trauma/burns/plastic surgery.The fields of wound healing and scar,surface organ defects,damage,repair and regeneration,surface tissue/organ transplantation and reconstruction,craniofacial deformities and correction are important develop directions in future work.

LIM mineralization protein expression in LIM mineralization protein-1 gene-transfected bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:In vitro experiments suggest that LIM mineralization protein-1 (LMP-1) gene can increase the expression of LMP-1 protein in osteoporotic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the LMP-1 expression in osteoporotic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells transfected with RV-LMP-1-GFP in vitro. METHODS:Twelve SD female rats were selected and subjected to bilateral ovariectomy for establishment of osteoporosis models. After 2 months of feeding, bilateral femurs, tibiae, and humeri of rats were taken to isolate and culture bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Passage 3 cells were taken and randomly divided into ovariectomized group and LMP-1 transfection group. Another six rats only underwent removal of the same amount of fat tissue around the ovary, and passage 3 cells which were harvested as those in the former two groups served as sham group. RT-PCR and western blot assay were performed to determine the expression of LMP-1 protein and mRNA. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Under an inverted fluorescence microscope, transfected bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from osteoporotic rats showed green fluorescent expression. The three groups al could express LMP-1 at the protein and mRNA levels. The expression levels of LMP-1 protein and mRNA in the LMP-1 transfection group were significantly higher than those in the ovariectomized group and sham group (P0.05). The successful expression of the RV-LMP-1-GFP gene in osteoporotic SD rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was realized at the protein and mRNA levels;moreover, the expression of LMP-1 was increased dramatical y. These findings indicate that LMP-1 gene is successful y transferred into osteoporotic SD rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, and significantly elevates the expression of LMP-1 mRNA and protein.

Construction of lentivirus vector containing human LIM mineralization protein-1 (LMP-1) and its expression in rat bone mesenchymal stem cells / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct a recombiant lentivirus vector of human LMP-1 and detect the expression of LMP-1 in infected rat bone mesenchymal stem cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>LMP-1 gene from the cDNA library were extracted by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The LMP-1 genes were connected into lentiviral vectors pGC-FU-EGFP which was linearized by Age I enzyme to produce recombiant lentivirus vector called as pGC-FU-LMP-1-EGFP,then packaged by 293T cells. The virus supernant congtaining LV-LMP-1-EGFP was harvested, concentrated and titrated. The rat BMSCs were transfected with recombiant lentivirus LV-LMP-1-EGFP at the most appropriate MOI. The mRNA and protein expression of LMP-1 were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>1LV-LMP-1I-EGFP was recombined successfully and the titer reached 2x108TU/ml. 2The efficiency of infection was 93.5% ,which was get after LV-LMP-1-EGFP infected rat BMSCs at the most appropriate MOI=100. The expression of LMP-1 gene was confirmed by RT-PCR and Western blot.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Lentivirus vector containing human LMP-1 gene is constructed successfully,which can transfected efficiently into rat BMSCs,and the infected rat BMSCs can effectively express LMP-1.</p>

Effects of recombinant gene lentivirus containing LIM mineralization protein-1 on proliferation effect and expression of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in rats / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore method of recombinant gene lentivirus containing LIM mineralization protein-1 (LMP-1) in transfecting bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC), and to observe the effect of gene LMP-1 on proliferation effect and expression of BMSC.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Six clean SD rats aged 4 weeks were selected, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were extracted under sterile conditions and cultured to the third generation, then divided into three groups:control group (the third generation of BMSC), lentiviral vector transfection group (PGC-FU-GFP and Polybrene were injected into the third generation of BMSC) and recombinant gene transfection group (PGC-FU-LMP-1-GFP and Polybrene transfection were injected into the third generation of BMSC). After 48 hours' transfection, fluorescent expression were detected under immuno-fluorescence microscopy; lentiviral transfection efficiency were detected by flow cytometry; effect of lentiviral transfection on BMSC were evaluated by MTT; gene expression of transfected cells were determined by Western Blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>1) The third generation of BMSC was cultured successfully,and transfected with MOI:100. After 48 hours, green fluorescent expression were detected and transfection efficiency was 67% under immuno-fluorescence microscopy; 2) Compared to control group, there were no statistical differences between control group and other two groups; 3) Western blot teast showed that 72KDa specific band was observed in recombinant gene transfection group and its size was similar to LMP-1 fusion protein (50 kDa+28 kDa=78 kDa).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There is no effect of recombinant gene lentivirus containing LIM on BMSC, and can effectively influence the expression of LMP-1.</p>

Effects of retinol acid and triiodothyronine on alleviating the impairment of cognitive function by sleep deprivation / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the effects of retinol acid (RA) and triiodothyronine (T3) on alleviating the impairment of cognitive function by sleep deprivation (SD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: control group (C group), sleep deprivation group (SD group), sleep deprivation + RA group (SD + RA group) and sleep deprivation + T3 group (SD + T3 group). Open field test (OFT) was used to observe the nervous behavior of the rats after SD and electrophysiological brain stereotactic method was used to test long-term potentiation (LTP) in dentate gyrus (DG) of the rats. Ng protein expression was determined by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the SD group, the number of crossing in OFT, the changes of amplitude of population spike (PS) and the expression of Ng protein in hippocampus were higher significantly in the SD + RA and SD + T3 groups. All of these had not significant difference comparing with the C group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>RA and T3 may alleviate the restrain state of neural system after SD by augmenting the expression of Ng protein in hippocampus.</p>