Antimicrobial sensitivity pattern from clinical isolates at a tertiary care teaching hospital of rural Bengal: a pilot study

Background: Antimicrobial sensitivity pattern from clinical isolates can reveal important information that can help in drafting the hospital antibiotic policy as well as help improve prescribing patterns and patient outcome in a particular region.Methods: Data from the results of the antimicrobial sensitivity pattern of clinical isolates of the patients between 1stJuly and 31st December 2018 were collected on a pre-designed and pre tested case study form and analysed with the help of descriptive statistics.Results: A total of 75 blood culture reports were obtained which showed 58 gram positive cultures. Further 46 of the gram positive samples were positive for Coagulase negative Staphylococcus. A total of 305 urine samples were obtained for culture which showed gram negative cultures. Paediatric and medicine wards were the common yielding sites. A total of 242 pus reports were obtained which showed 47 gram positive cultures. A total of 154 wound swab samples were obtained which showed 47 gram positive cultures. For pus and wound swab samples, surgery wards were the common yielding sites. Common gram negative organisms seen were Klebsiella sp., E. coli, Citrobacter sp., Pseudomonas, Proteus and Enterobacter. Gram positive organisms were commonly resistant to Erythromycin, orally active Penicillins, Vancomycin and Teicoplanin and gram negative organisms were commonly resistant to Cephalosporins, Aminoglycosides, Colistin, Fluroquinolones and Meropenem.Conclusions: This study showed that over six months samples of body pus, wound swab, blood culture and urine showed high levels of resistance to commonly used antibiotics. This would provide an outline for development of an effective hospital Infection Control Policy.

Study of Zinc in Cirrhosis of Liver.

73 liver cirrhosis patients have been selected. Serum zinc and albumin levels were estimated in them in comparison to controls. Significant decrease in zinc and albumin levels were observed in liver cirrhosis patients. This work is an attempt to understand the important role that the zinc plays in the pathogenesis and therapy of liver cirrhosis and the role of albumin in zinc transport.

Changes in Microalbuminuria in Relation to Glycosylated Haemoglobin(HbAlc) and Duration in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Introduction : Diabetes Mellitus is a widely prevalent endocrine disease in the world and Nephropathy is one of the major complications that could lead to severe morbidity and mortality. Persistent microalbuminuria is the best predictor of development of macroalbuminuria and further development of end-stage renal disease as well as cardiovascular complications. The relation between microalbuminuria and glycosylated haemoglobin(HbA1c)as well as duration of diabetes are not clear and studies relating these parameters are few in our country. This study aims to understand this aspect. Aims & Objectives : Our objective is to observe the changes in microalbuminuria level in relation to various parameters of patients of type 2 Diabetes mellitus and to correlate the changes in microalbuminuria levels to HbA1c and duration of diabetes. Materials and Methods : The study was conducted in Medical College & Hospital, Kolkata. 40 patients of type 2 Diabetes mellitus fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in this study. Results were analysed by SPSS software. Results : Microalbuminuria had positive correlation with BMI and Waist circumference (WC). No correlation was found between age and microalbuminuria.There was a significant and positive correlation found between microalbuminuria and duration of diabetes as well as microalbuminuria and HbA1c.

Diagnostic evaluation of childhood cervical lymphadenopathy by fine needle aspiration cytology.

Lymphadenopathy is an age old affliction of mankind. It is one of the very common presentations in clinical practice. The present study was carried out to evaluate the merits and demerits of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) as a diagnostic procedure in childhood lymphadenopathy in comparison to open surgical biopsy. Altogether 70 children with lymphadenopathy in the age group of up to 12 years were selected for FNAC. Only 38 could be motivated for open surgical biopsy. Out of 38 cases, FNAC was consistent with histopathology in 33 cases, thus giving a diagnostic accuracy or percentage of agreement-86.8%. The diagnostic accuracy of FNAC, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values of FNAC in the present study were fairly high ranging from 80%-100%. FNAC gave false positive diagnosis in 13.2% cases and false negative result in 13.2% cases.