Transanal drainage tube for prevention of anastomotic leak after anterior resection for rectal cancer: a meta-analysis / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Objective: To assess the effectiveness of transanal drainage tube (TDT) in reducing the incidence of anastomotic leak following anterior resection in patients with rectal cancer. Methods: We conducted a systematic search for relevant studies published from inception to October 2022 across multiple databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, Wanfang, and VIP. Meta-analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.4 software. The primary outcomes included total incidence of anastomotic leak, grade B and C anastomotic leak rates, reoperation rate, anastomotic bleeding rate, and overall complication rate. Results: Three randomized controlled trials involving 1115 patients (559 patients in the TDT group and 556 in the non-TDT group) were included. Meta-analysis showed that the total incidences of anastomotic leak and of grade B anastomotic leak were 5.5% (31/559) and 4.5% (25/559), respectively, in the TDT group and 7.9% (44/556) and 3.8% (21/556), respectively, in the non-TDT group. These differences are not statistically significant (P=0.120, P=0.560, respectively). Compared with the non-TDT group, the TDT group had a lower incidence of grade C anastomotic leak (1.6% [7/559] vs. 4.5% [25/556]) and reoperation rate (0.9% [5/559] vs. 4.3% [24/556]), but a higher incidence of anastomotic bleeding (8.2% [23/279] vs. 3.6% [10/276]). These differences were statistically significant (P=0.003, P=0.001, P=0.030, respectively). The overall complication rate was 26.5%(74/279) in the TDT group and 27.2% (75/276) in the non-TDT group. These differences are not statistically significant (P=0.860). Conclusions: TDT did not significantly reduce the total incidence of anastomotic leak but may have potential clinical benefits in preventing grade C anastomotic leak. Notably, placement of TDT may increase the anastomotic bleeding rate.

Cancer screening and its association with core knowledge of cancer in community residents / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To understand the situation of cancer screening of community residents and its association with the knowledge of cancer core knowledge, and to provide reference for the formulation of secondary cancer prevention measures. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 2 037 residents aged 18-79 who lived in Bao 'an District, Shenzhen. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between core knowledge and cancer screening behavior after adjusting for age, gender, education, marriage, occupation and smoking. Results The cancer screening rate of community residents was 28.10%, and the screening rate of middle-aged and elderly people aged 40-79 was 33.50 %.The proportion of “not very well understanding”, “partial understanding” and “basic understanding” of the core knowledge of cancer were 43.91%, 42.33% and 13.76%, respectively, which was higher than that of the non-participants. Multivariate analysis showed that the women, the higher the level of education of college/university or above and the higher the level of knowledge of cancer prevention core knowledge, the higher the probability of participating in cancer screening was OR (95%CI ) : 2.40 (1.86-3.12), 1.65 (1.29-2.10), 1.38 (1.18 - 1.62), respectively. Conclusion The proportion of cancer screening in community residents needs to be improved, and the degree of core knowledge of cancer is closely related to cancer screening behavior. It is suggested to increase the publicity and education of the core knowledge of cancer, and at the same time, carry out the health education of secondary cancer prevention for the key population such as men and people with low education level, so as to improve the proportion of “early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment” of cancer.

The willingness for dietary and behavioral changes in frontline epidemic prevention workers after experiencing the outbreak of COVID-19 in China: a cross-sectional study

BACKGROUND@#The 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has had a massive impact on public health, resulting in sudden dietary and behavioral habit changes. Frontline epidemic prevention workers play a pivotal role against COVID-19. They must face high-risk infection conditions, insufficient anti-epidemic material supplies, mental pressure, and so on. COVID-19 seriously affects their dietary and behavioral habits, and poor habits make them more susceptible to COVID-19. However, their baseline dietary and behavioral habits before COVID-19 and their willingness to change these habits after the outbreak of COVID-19 remain unclear for these workers in China. This study aimed to explore the baseline dietary and behavioral habits of frontline workers and their willingness to change these habits after the outbreak of the epidemic; in addition, susceptible subgroups were identified by stratified analyses as targets of protective measures to keep them from being infected with COVID-19.@*METHODS@#A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online questionnaire using a sample of 22,459 valid individuals living in China, including 9402 frontline epidemic prevention workers.@*RESULTS@#Before COVID-19, 23.9% of the frontline epidemic prevention workers reported a high-salt diet, 46.9% of them reported a high frequency of fried foods intake, and 50.9% of them smoked cigarettes. After the outbreak of COVID-19, 34.6% of them expressed a willingness to reduce salt intake, and 43.7% of them wanted to reduce the frequency of pickled vegetables intake. A total of 37.9% of them expressed a willingness to decrease or quit smoking, and 44.5% of them wanted to increase sleep duration. Significant differences in the baseline dietary and behavioral habits and the willingness to change their habits were observed between frontline epidemic prevention workers and other participants. Among the frontline epidemic prevention workers with poor dietary and behavioral habits before COVID-19, frontline epidemic prevention experience was a promoting factor for adopting worse dietary and behavioral habits, including those in the high-salt intake subgroup (OR, 2.824; 95% CI, 2.341-3.405) and the 11-20 cigarettes/day subgroup (OR, 2.067; 95% CI, 1.359-3.143).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The dietary and behavioral habits of frontline epidemic prevention workers were worse than that those of other participants before COVID-19. They had a greater willingness to adopt healthy dietary and behavioral habits after experiencing the outbreak of COVID-19. However, frontline epidemic prevention workers with poor dietary and behavioral habits before COVID-19 continued in engage in these poor habits. Dietary and behavioral intervention policies should be drafted to protect their health, especially frontline epidemic prevention workers with poor habits at baseline.

Effect of Modified Shiquan Dabutang on Inflammatory and Bone Metabolism Indexes in Elderly Patients with Osteoporotic Intertrochanteric Fractures Due to Qi and Blood Deficiency / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To explore the application value of modified Shiquan Dabutang in the treatment of elderly patients with osteoporotic intertrochanteric fractures （OIFs） due to Qi and blood deficiency by observing its impacts on inflammatory and bone metabolism indexes. Method:Ninety-eight elderly patients admitted to our hospital for OIFs of Qi and blood deficiency syndrome from April 2018 to April 2020 were randomized into an observation group （<italic>n</italic>=49） and a control group （<italic>n</italic>=49）. Following the proximal femoral nail antirotation （PFNA） fixation， patients in the control group were treated with Guipiwan， while those in the observation group received the modified Shiquan Dabutang. The clinical efficacy， inflammatory and bone metabolism indexes， and complications were compared between the two groups after four weeks of treatment. Result:The levels of such serum indexes as fibroblast growth factor-2 （FGF-2）， osteoprotegerin （OPG）， transforming growth factor-<italic>β</italic>₁ （TGF-<italic>β</italic>₁）， <italic>β</italic>-endorphin （<italic>β</italic>-EP）， bone-specific alkaline phosphatase （BALP）， and osteocalcin （BGP） in the observation group after treatment were significantly elevated as compared with those in the control group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）， whereas the serum tumor necrosis factor-<italic>α</italic> （TNF-<italic>α</italic>） and <italic>D</italic>-dimer （<italic>D</italic>-D） declined （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. The TCM symptom score in the observation group after treatment was obviously lower than that in the control group， while the Harris Hip Score （HHS） was higher （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. The overall response rate of the observation group was 93.88% （46/49）， higher than 75.51% （37/49） of the control group （<italic>χ²</italic>=6.376， <italic>P</italic><0.05）. The total incidence of incision infection， deep vein thrombosis of lower limbs， and pulmonary infection in the control group was 24.49% （12/49）， significantly higher than 6.12% （3/49） in the observation group （<italic>χ²</italic>=6.607， <italic>P</italic><0.05）. Conclusion:The modified Shiquan Dabutang is able to alleviate inflammation， regulate bone metabolism， promote bone repair， and reduce the incidence of complications in elderly patients with OIFs due to Qi and blood deficiency.

Identification of Astragalus and its adulterants based on ITS2sequence and secondary structure / 药学学报

To effectively identify the Astragalus and its adulterants based on ITS2 sequence and secondary structure, in this study, 32 portions of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. var. mongholicus (Beg.) Hsiao and Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. collected were conducted ITS2 sequence amplification and bidirectional sequencing, whose results were then spliced by CExpress software remove the 5.8S and 28S sequences at both ends to obtain a complete ITS2 sequence. In addition, 3 ITS2 sequences for each of the adulterants of Astragalus, respectively, Oxytropis coerulea, Caragana sinica, Hedysarum polybotrys, Althaea rosea were downloaded from GenBank. The intra-specific and inter-specific genetic distances were calculated by the software MEGA7 to analyze the difference of each sequence; the Neighbor-joining (NJ) method was used to construct the phylogenetic tree based on ITS2 sequence (primary structure) as well as joint ITS2 sequence and its secondary structure. The results showed that the average ITS2 sequence length of both A. mongolicus and A. membranaceus was 216 bp, and their average GC content was 50.00% and 50.46%, respectively. The similarity of ITS2 sequence length and GC content between the two kind of Astragalus and Oxytropis coerulea was the highest, while the ITS2 sequence length and GC content of Althaea rosea showed great differences with those of Astragalus. The inter-specific distance between Astragalus and Oxytropis coerulea was the smallest, while that between the medicinal Astragalus and Hedysarum polybotrys, Caragana sinica as well as Althaea rosea was great. The phylogenetic trees constructed based on the ITS2 sequence (primary structure) and joint ITS2 sequence and its secondary structure showed that the topological relations of the two phylogenetic trees were basically the same, and both could effectively identify the Astragalus and its adulterants. What’s more, the addition of secondary structure information made end branch of the phylogenetic tree become more in its construction, and the distinguish ability and approval rating were also improved, which further reflected the genetic relationship of Astragalus and its adulterants. This provides some scientific basis for classification and accurate identification of Astragalus and its adulterants.

Experience of Clinical Pharmacists Participating in the Therapy for one Neurilemmoma Cancer Patient with Malignant Neuropathic Pain / 中国药师

Objective:To improve the safety, rationality and efficacy of medication for cancer patients accompanied with malignant neuropathic pain by the participation of clinical pharmacists in the therapy. Methods:Clinical pharmacists participated in the therapy for one neurilemmoma cancer patient with malignant neuropathic pain, and provided a rational and individualized therapeutic regimen according to the drug experience of clinical pharmacists as well as the relevant medical guides and literatures. Results: According to the nature and degree of pain, clinical pharmacists adjusted the type and dosage of opioids and non opioid drugs. The pain was well controlled with pain score at 1-2 points. Besides, the adverse effects were alleviated to ensure the sustained drug treatment. Conclu-sion:The participation of clinical pharmacists in therapeutic practice can improve the normalization of pharmacotherapy for neurilem-moma cancer patients with malignant neuropathic pain, which also can provide ideas and methods for treating the similar patients.

Experience of Clinical Pharmacists Participating in the Therapy for one Neurilemmoma Cancer Patient with Malignant Neuropathic Pain / 中国药师

Objective:To improve the safety, rationality and efficacy of medication for cancer patients accompanied with malignant neuropathic pain by the participation of clinical pharmacists in the therapy. Methods:Clinical pharmacists participated in the therapy for one neurilemmoma cancer patient with malignant neuropathic pain, and provided a rational and individualized therapeutic regimen according to the drug experience of clinical pharmacists as well as the relevant medical guides and literatures. Results: According to the nature and degree of pain, clinical pharmacists adjusted the type and dosage of opioids and non opioid drugs. The pain was well controlled with pain score at 1-2 points. Besides, the adverse effects were alleviated to ensure the sustained drug treatment. Conclu-sion:The participation of clinical pharmacists in therapeutic practice can improve the normalization of pharmacotherapy for neurilem-moma cancer patients with malignant neuropathic pain, which also can provide ideas and methods for treating the similar patients.

Quality differences of medical material, raw decoction pieces, and processed products of Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus / 中草药

Objective: To study the quality differences of medical material, raw decoction pieces, and processed products of Astragalus membranaceus var. mongholicus. Methods: The raw decoction pieces and processed products were obtained from genuine medicinal materials of A. membranaceus var. mongholicus. The reasons for the quality differences were analyzed by comparing the contents of astragaloside IV, calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, formononetin, total polysaccharides, saponins, and flavones. Results: With content analysis, the sequence was found as follows: astragaloside IV (medical material > raw decoction piece > honey-fried piece > alcohol-fried piece > salt-fried piece > fried piece); calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, formononetin, and total polysaccharides (medical material > raw decoction pieces > alcohol-fried piece > salt-fried piece > honey-fried piece > fried piece), total flavones (medical material > alcohol-fried piece > raw decoction pieces > salt-fried piece > honey-fried piece > fried piece), total saponins (medical material > honey-fried piece > raw decoction pieces > alcohol-fried piece > salt-fried piece > fried piece). Conclusion: The temperature and supplementary material may play the main roles for quality differences of A. membranaceus var. mongholicus.

Meta - analysis of clinical randomized controlled trials comparing ReZOOM with ReSTOR multifocal intraocular lenses in cataract surgery / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To systematic review the effectiveness of refractive multifocal intraocular lens ( MIOL ) ReZOOM vs diffractive MIOL ReSTOR in the treatment of cataract. METHODS: Randomized controlled trials comparing refractive MIOL ReZOOM with diffractive MIOL ReSTOR were identified by searching CENTRAL, MEDLINE, EMbase, WANFANG MED ONLINE, CMJD, SinoMed, and CNKI. Related journals also were hand-searched. Methodological quality of randomized controlled trials ( RCTs ) was evaluated by simple evaluate method that recommended by the Cochrane Collaboration. Data extracted by two reviewers with designed extraction form. RevMan software ( release 5. 2 ) was used for data management and analysis. RESULTS:A total of 7 trials (846 eyes) were included for systematic review. Subgroup analyses were used according to different model comparison of ReSTOR MIOL. The results showed a significant difference in the mean of the best distance corrected intermediate visual acuity ( BDCIVA) in the ReZOOM MIOL group with WMD=-0.11, 95% CI (-0.16, -0.06) (P CONCLUSION: Patients implanted with ReZOOM MIOL can provide better BDCIVA; patients implanted with ReSTOR MIOL show better UCNVA, are less likely to appear light halo, glare and other visual adverse reactions; correction in spectacles cases, patients implanted with ReZOOM or ReSTOR MIOL have considerable performances in the far and near visual acuity.

Relationship between HLA-A, B alleles and red blood cell parameters of patients with --(SEA/αα) subtype of α(0)-thalassemia of Han ethnic population of Wuzhou city / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was purposed to investigate the relationship between HLA-A, B allele polymorphisms and red blood cell parameters of patients with --(SEA/αα) subtype of α(0)-thalassemia in Han ethnic population of Wuzhou city. The HLA genetic polymorphisms were determined by polymerase chain reaction-sequence-based typing (PCR-SBT) in 57 patients with --(SEA/αα) subtype of α(0)-thalassemia of Han ethnic population in Wuzhou city, Guangxi province, China. Mean corpuscular volume (MCV), hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) were detected by automatic blood analyzer system. HbA2 were detected by electrophoretic method. The statistical analysis was performed by ordinal polytomous logistic regression. The results showed that Hb and HbA2 levels were significantly lower in patients positive for HLA-A*33:03, B*15:01 or B*55:02, and were significantly higher in patients positive for B*15:02 (P < 0.05). It is concluded that several HLA alleles may be associated with Hb level of --(SEA/αα) subtype of α(0)-thalassemia of Han ethnic population in Wuzhou city. This result has the value for understanding phenotype-genotype relationships in thalassemia.

A design of the circuit of a monitoring system for respiratory mechanical parameters / 中国医疗器械杂志

The circuit of a monitoring system for respiratory mechanical parameters is designed based on the detection of respiratory flow and pressure. Breaking through the restrictions of traditional methods that can only monitor respiratory rate, this design is able to monitor more than 10 respiratory parameters simultaneously and thus provides a good technical support for improving the properties of homemade monitors.

The Quality Control of Immunofluorescent Antibody Test and Anaerobic Culture in Study of Bacteroides and Fusobacterium / 第三军医大学学报

A comparative study between the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test and anaerobic culture in the study of Bacteroides fragilis, Bacteroides melani-nogenicus, and Fusobacterium nucleatum in 374 clinical specimens was carried out. The data concerning the quality control of the two tests including the rate of correlation, the difference of the sensitivity and specificity,the predictive values, and the time of antiserum preservation were analyzed. It was found that immunofluorescent antibody test had a higher rate of detection than anaerobic culture. It can be cartain that if immunofluorescent antibody test is negtive, it is more likely that the anaerobic bacteria are abscent. The rate of correlation between the two tests was 88.5~95.99%. In addition, immunofluorescent antibody test can be used to verify the quality of anaerobic culture. It was found that our routine culture for B, fragilis was inperfect and waited for improvement.

Anaerobic Brain Abscess: A Report of 4 Cases / 第三军医大学学报

This article is to report 4 cases of brain abscess of mixed anaerobic and aerobic infection.Six strains of anaerobic bacteria were discovered, and they included 2 strains of other Bacteroides, 2 strains of Peptostreptococcus, 1 strain of Bacteroides melaninogenicus and 1 strain of Bacteroides fragilis. Four strains of aerobic bacteria including 2 strains of Proteus vulgaris, one strain of Hemophilus influenzae and one strain of Acinetobacter calcaaceticus var. Iwoffi were also discovered.Brain abscess due to anaerobic organisms was compared with three cases of brain abscess due to Staphylococcus aureus. The former usually was more chronic and presented a solitary abscess while the latter was more acute in course and presented multiple abscesses with multilocular construction.The only method to differentiate these two kinds of brain abscess is to reveal the anaerobic organisms with anaerobic culture. Surgical drainage and resection of the abscess cavity if possible combined with proper antibacterial drugs can yield good results.

A Survey on Burn Infection / 第三军医大学学报

A total of 226 strains of organisms was isolated from the cultures of the subeschar unburnt tissues of the burn patients admitted to this institute in the period from April 1980 to April 1982. Among the organisms, gram-negative bacilli exceeded gram-positive cocci in number. The frequently seen gram-negative bacilli, in the order of frequency, were Pseudomonas, Serratia, Klebsialla, and E. coli. And the frequently seen gram-positive cocci were Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus albus, Streptococcus fecalis, and Streptococcus hemolyticus.The quantitative culture of the biopsy specimen showed its value in our clinical application. In cases of multiple infections, after the identification and precise count of the bacterial colonies on the cultures were done, the percentage of the various organisms could be obtained and the main pathogen was revealed.It was pointed out that ordinary culture media were only favorable for rapid growth of bacteria but the existence of fungi was usually masked. A. modified method of fungus culture, tissue thread culture, was used for the early diagnosis of fungus infection. 38 specimens were studied simultaneously with three methods. The positive rate for fungus was 8% in ordinary cultures, 26% in his-tologic examinations, and 61% in tissue thread cultures.Anaerobic culture was performed for 102 swab specimens from the burn wounds and a positive rate of 14.7% was obtained. In addition, anaerobic blood culture was performed in 10 cases of severe burns with 2 positive cultures. It is suggested that anaerobic infections should not be neglected in burns.