Mechanism and application in tissue engineering of the active ingredient of Drynariae Rhizoma promoting bone defect repair / 中国药房

Bone defect has always been a major clinical challenge because of its great difficulty and long period of treatment. Drynariae Rhizoma is a commonly used medicine in osteology and traumatology of traditional Chinese medicine， and its active ingredients（mainly flavonoids） facilitate osteoblast differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells， osteoclast proliferation， vascular-osteogenic coupling， and inhibit osteoclast activity to promote bone mineralization， and repair and reconstruction of bone defect. As a good substitute for bone regeneration drugs， the active constituents of Drynariae Rhizoma can be loaded on scaffold materials of tissue engineering， which greatly improves the bioavailability of the drug. Meanwhile， the sustained-release microspheres also solve some problems such as sudden drug release from the scaffolds， and the composite scaffolds with active ingredient of Drynariae Rhizoma prepared by them have good ossification activity and osteoinduction， with precise bone repair effects， which meet the diverse performance requirements of bone grafts and have a promising clinical application prospect.

Primer probes for targeted identification and detection of Bifidobacterium animalis and their application / 中国药科大学学报

@#In this study, in order to overcome the shortcomings of the current methods used to identify Bifidobacterium animalis, such as long time, complicated operation and low adaptability of experimental environment, specific primer probes were designed based on ERIC-PCR technology to identify and detect B.animalis.Based on the genomic DNA of B.animalis HP-B1124, the ERIC-PCR reaction conditions of B.animalis HP-B1124 were optimized, and the ERIC-PCR fragments were obtained one by one and sequenced.Two pairs of specific primer probes were designed.The accuracy, specificity, limitation and universality of the two pairs of primer probes were evaluated, and the two pairs of specific primer probes were used for testing the products containing B.animalis in the commercially published formula.The two pairs of specific primer probes designed in this study could be used for identified strains of B.animalis more simply, quickly and targeted.This method has optimized the current relatively traditional methods of pure culture and plate counting identification of B.animalis, and has solved the high requirements of SNP genotyping technology and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR method for experimental equipment and reagents in the identification of B.animalis to a certain extent.It has the characteristics of low cost, high specificity and earn a broad market development prospect.

Neonatal testicular torsion: a study of 17 cases / 中国新生儿科杂志

Objective:To study the clinical manifestations and treatment of neonatal testicular torsion (NTT) and to summarize the experience of diagnosis and treatment.Methods:The clinical data of the patients with NTT admitted to the Department of Pediatric Urology in Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center from January 2015 to January 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. The data included demographic information, testicular torsion duration, clinical presentation, ultrasonography findings, surgical procedures, pathological results, follow-ups, and prognosis.Results:A total of 17 cases were enrolled in this study, and the median age was 5.2 d, ranging from 1 d to 17 d; the weight ranging from 2 800 g to 4 000 g. 11 cases of left testicular torsion and 6 cases of right testicular torsion. The median time from onset to medical attention was 3.8 d, ranging from 10 h to 15 d. The first manifestations being reported were scrotal swelling, color change, or painless mass. Emergency ultrasound revealed that the blood flow signal in the testis was significantly reduced or disappeared, and heterogeneous mass echoes were detected in the scrotum. Surgical exploration was performed in all 17 cases and confirmed to be testicular torsion. There were 15 cases of extravaginal torsion and 2 cases of intravaginal torsion. There were 6 cases of clockwise torsion and 11 cases of anticlockwise torsion. The average degree of twisted testis was 450.8°, ranging from 270° to 720°. The rate of orchiectomy was 88.2% (15/17). All patients were followed up for a minimum of 1 year postoperatively. None of the patients experienced postoperative bleeding or infection at the scrotal incision site. There were no instances of recurrent testicular torsion, and the contralateral testicles showed no abnormalities. In 2 cases where the affected testicle was preserved, ultrasound reevaluation at 6 months postoperatively revealed atrophy of the affected testicle.Conclusions:NTT is rare in clinics and lacks specificity, with a high rate of testis loss. When the newborns exhibit scrotal swelling, color change, or other abnormalities, testicular torsion cannot be ruled out, and early surgical exploration is required.

Analysis of related factors of anterior cruciate ligament rupture with meniscus and the effect of arthroscopic surgery / 中国基层医药

Objective:To explore the related factors of anterior cruciate ligament rupture with meniscus injury and the effect of arthroscopic surgery.Methods:From July 2014 to May 2018, 98 patients with anterior cruciate ligament rupture admitted to Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University were divided into meniscus injury group(67 cases) and without meniscus injury group(31 cases) according to whether they had meniscus injury.The patients with anterior cruciate ligament rupture and meniscal injury were divided into study group(37 cases underwent arthroscopic reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament and meniscus injury), and 30 cases in control group(only meniscus was repaired under arthroscopy). The factors affecting the anterior cruciate ligament rupture associated with meniscus were analyzed, and the surgical outcomes of the study group and the control group(the cure rate of meniscus injury and the 1-year reoperation rate, IKDC and Lysholm knee function score) were compared.Results:Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that early course of disease[95% CI(1.444, 41.68), P<0.05], middle course of disease[95% CI(1.682, 52.147), P<0.05], chronic phase[95% CI(3.623, 180.32), P<0.05]), history of recurrent injury[95% CI(2.649, 27.222), P<0.05]) were risk factors of meniscus injury caused by rupture of anterior cruciate ligament.The treatment rate of meniscus injury in the study group[89.19%(33/37)]was higher than that in the control group[66.67%(20/30)], the reoperation rate in the study group[5.41%(2/37)]was lower than that in the control group[26.67%(8/30)], the differences were statistically significant (χ 2=5.084, 5.898, all P<0.05). At 12 months after operation, the scores of IKDC and Lysholm in the study group were (90.25±14.67)points and (88.36±11.25)points, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the control group[(73.52±10.12)points and (71.47±10.68)points]( t=12.129, 19.309, all P<0.05). Conclusion:The patients with anterior cruciate ligament rupture complicated with meniscus are associated with history and recurrent injury history.Arthroscopic surgery for simultaneous reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament and meniscus injury can significantly improve knee joint function, improve the cure rate of meniscus injury in this type of patients, and reduce short-term reoperation rate.

Effect of outer membrane vesicles derived from Escherichia coli on proliferation, apoptosis and migration of human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells in vitro / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of outer membrane vesicles derived from Escherichia coli on proliferation, apoptosis and migration of human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) were obtained from wild-type Escherichia coli with ultracentrifugation method, and the morphology of the OMVs was observed by transmission electron microscopy and the vesicle diameter was determined using MALVERN ZEN3690. Human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells were treated with the OMVs at low (100 µg/mL), moderate (500 µg/mL) and high (1000 µg/mL) doses, and 24, 48 and 72 h later, the cell proliferation activity was detected with MTT assay. The expressions of apoptosis-related marker caspase-3 was detected using Western blotting, and TUNEL assay was performed to detect the cell apoptosis. The migration capacity of SK-N-SH cells was evaluated using Transwell migration assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The isolated OMVs showed a circular or elliptical hollow structure with double-layer membrane and a diameter range of 30-450 nm. Compared with the control cells, SK-N-SH cells treated with the OMVs showed significantly lowered cell proliferation capacity with enhanced expression of caspase-3. Treatment of the cells with the OMVs resulted in increased cell apoptosis and significantly lowered migration capacity (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The OMVs derived from Escherichia coli can produce cytotoxicity against SK-N-SH cells and might serve as a therapeutic agent for refractory neuroblastoma.</p>

Cancer stem-like cell-derived exosomes promotes the proliferation and invasion of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of Piwil2-induced cancer stem-like cell (Piwil2-iCSC)-derived exosomes on the proliferation,migration and invasion of human umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hucMSCs).@*METHODS@#Piwil2-iCSC-derived exosomes were isolated by ultracentrifugation and identified using transmission electron microscopy,nanoparticle tracking analysis and Western blotting.Exosome uptake assay was used to identify the pathway that Piwil2-iCSCderived exosomes utilized.HucMSCs were divided into control group,PBS intervention group and exosome intervention group,and CCK-8 assay,wound healing assay,Transwell assay,Western blotting and cell karyotype analysis were used to observe the proliferation,migration,invasion,expression levels of MMP2 and MMP9 proteins,and chromosome structure of hucMSCs.@*RESULTS@#The diameter of Piwil2-iCSC-derived exosomes ranged from 50 nm to 100 nm,and most of them were oval or spherical capsules rich in CD9,CD63 and Piwil2 proteins.Exosomal uptake assay showed that the exosomes executed theirs functions after entering the cells.Compared with the control cells and PBS-treated cells,hucMSCs treated with the exosomes showed significantly increased number of proliferating cells (<0.05) with accelerated healing rate (<0.05 at 24 h;<0.01 at 48 h),increased invasive cells (<0.01),enhanced protein expressions of MMP2(<0.05 PBS group;<0.01 control group) and MMP9(<0.05),but their karyotype still remained 46XY without any abnormalities.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Piwil2-iCSC-derived exosomes can promote the proliferation,migration and invasion but does not cause cancer-like heterogeneity changes in hucMSCs.

Correlative Study between Detection of Human Serum Helicobacter Pylori SodB Antibody and the Occurrence of Gastric Cancer / 现代检验医学杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between the level of serum iron-cofactored superoxide dismutase (SodB) antibody encoded by Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) genome in infected populations of H.pylori and the occurrence of gastric cancer.Methods Serum samples from 114 cases and 104 control were collected.Indirect ELISA was used to detect serum SodB antibody level in case group and control group.The relationship between serum SodB antibody level and GC risk was analyzed by conditional logistic regression.The value of SodB in serological screening of gastric cancer was analyzed and evaluated by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results The level of serum SodB antibody was correlated with the occurrence of gastric cancer in subjects with OR=2.287 (95％CI:1.191～4.391)(P＜0.05).The optimal cutoff value of SodB for screening gastric cancer was determined by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve,and it was 0.028 0.The area under the ROC curve for subjects was 0.575 (95 ％ CI:0.501 ～ 0.649).Conclusion The level of serum H.pylori SodB antibody was associated with the occurrence of gastric cancer.SodB alone was not effective in screening gastric cancer.It might be used in combination with other biomarkers of gastric cancer to improve further screening of gastric cancer.

Effects of Electroacupuncture at Baihui and Shenting Acupoints on Learning and Memory Ability and Expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A Receptor in Rats with Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To explore the effect of electroacupuncture at Baihui (DU20) and Shenting (DU24) acupoints on learning and memory ability in rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R), and the potential mechanisms. Methods A total of 90 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham group (n=18) and operation group (n=72). The MCAO/R model was established by suture method in the operation group. Finally, 54 qualified rats of the operation group were randomly divided into ischemia group (n=18), electroacupuncture group (n=18) and non-acupoint group (n=18). The electroacupuncture group received electroacupuncture at Baihui (DU20) and Shenting (DU24) for 14 days. The cerebral infarction volume was measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The learning and memory ability was tested by Morris water maze. The protein expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A (5-HT1A) receptor was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results There was no significant difference in the cerebral infarction volume among three groups before intervention (F=1.678, P>0.05). Compared with the ischemia group and the non-acupoint group, the cerebral infarction volume signif-icantly reduced (P<0.001);the latency significantly shortened (P<0.001) and the times crossing the platform decreased (P<0.05);the expres-sion of 5-HT1A receptor decreased in the left hippocampus (P<0.05) in the electroacupuncture group after intervention. There was no signifi-cant difference in all the indices between the non-acupoint group and the ischemia group after intervention (P>0.05). Conclusion Electroacu-puncture at Baihui (DU20) and Shenting (DU24) could effectively increase the learning and memory ability of MCAO/R rats, which might relate with inhibiting the expression of 5-HT1A receptor in hippocampus.

Effects of Electroacupuncture at Baihui and Shenting Acupoints on Learning and Memory Ability and Expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A Receptor in Rats with Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To explore the effect of electroacupuncture at Baihui (DU20) and Shenting (DU24) acupoints on learning and memory ability in rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion (MCAO/R), and the potential mechanisms. Methods A total of 90 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham group (n=18) and operation group (n=72). The MCAO/R model was established by suture method in the operation group. Finally, 54 qualified rats of the operation group were randomly divided into ischemia group (n=18), electroacupuncture group (n=18) and non-acupoint group (n=18). The electroacupuncture group received electroacupuncture at Baihui (DU20) and Shenting (DU24) for 14 days. The cerebral infarction volume was measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The learning and memory ability was tested by Morris water maze. The protein expression of 5-hydroxytryptamine 1A (5-HT1A) receptor was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results There was no significant difference in the cerebral infarction volume among three groups before intervention (F=1.678, P>0.05). Compared with the ischemia group and the non-acupoint group, the cerebral infarction volume signif-icantly reduced (P<0.001);the latency significantly shortened (P<0.001) and the times crossing the platform decreased (P<0.05);the expres-sion of 5-HT1A receptor decreased in the left hippocampus (P<0.05) in the electroacupuncture group after intervention. There was no signifi-cant difference in all the indices between the non-acupoint group and the ischemia group after intervention (P>0.05). Conclusion Electroacu-puncture at Baihui (DU20) and Shenting (DU24) could effectively increase the learning and memory ability of MCAO/R rats, which might relate with inhibiting the expression of 5-HT1A receptor in hippocampus.

Flavonoids from the leaves of Castanopsis fordii / 中成药

AIM To study the chemical constituents from the leaves of Castanopsis fordii Hance.METHODS The 80％ ethanol extract from C.fordii leaves was isolated and purified by Sephadex LH-20,MCI,silica and semi-preparative column,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by spectral data.RESULTS Nine compounds were isolated and identified as quercetin (1),quercetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (2),myricetin 3-rhamnoside (3),myricetin-3-O-(2"-O-galloyl)-α-rhamnopyranoside (4),quercetin 3-O-(2"-O-galloyl)-α-rhamnopyranoside (5),kaempferol-3-O-glucorhamnoside (6),3,5,7,3',5'-pentahydroxy-(2R,3R)-flavanonol 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (7),astilbin (8),isastilbin (9).CONCLUSION Compounds 2,3 are isolated from this plant for the first time,compounds 1,4-9 are first obatined from genus Castanopsis.

Flavonoids from the leaves of Castanopsis fordii / 中成药

AIM To study the chemical constituents from the leaves of Castanopsis fordii Hance.METHODS The 80％ ethanol extract from C.fordii leaves was isolated and purified by Sephadex LH-20,MCI,silica and semi-preparative column,then the structures of obtained compounds were identified by spectral data.RESULTS Nine compounds were isolated and identified as quercetin (1),quercetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (2),myricetin 3-rhamnoside (3),myricetin-3-O-(2"-O-galloyl)-α-rhamnopyranoside (4),quercetin 3-O-(2"-O-galloyl)-α-rhamnopyranoside (5),kaempferol-3-O-glucorhamnoside (6),3,5,7,3',5'-pentahydroxy-(2R,3R)-flavanonol 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (7),astilbin (8),isastilbin (9).CONCLUSION Compounds 2,3 are isolated from this plant for the first time,compounds 1,4-9 are first obatined from genus Castanopsis.

Clinical and laboratory features and gene diagnosis of Menkes disease / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To explore the clinical and laboratory features,and gene diagnosis method of Menkes disease (MD).Methods The clinical and laboratory features and gene diagnosis method of 2 infants with MD were reviewed.Results (1) Clinical features:both infants mentioned in this article were male.Their clinical manifestations were both began at 3-4 months age,including peculiar kinky hair,pale skin,pudgy cheeks,inguinal hernia,vessel abnormality,epilepsy and mental retardation.(2) Laboratory features:the ceruloplasmin concentrations significantly reduced to be ＜ 20 mg/L and 47 mg/L,respectively.The magnetic resonance angiogram images of case 1 showed the abnormal tortuosity of his intracranial vessels.The magnetic resonance images of case 2 showed a rapid progress from normal to severe brain atrophy within half a year.(3) Gene diagnosis:the sequencing of ATP7A gene in case 1 showed a nonsense mutation of c.2110 C ＞ T.The pathogenicity of this mutation had not been reported previously at home and abroad.The sequencing of the gene panel without pathogenic mutation was detected in case 2.But the multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification test showed a gross deletion of ATP7A gene containing 8-12 exons.This mutation had been documented as a pathogenic mutation of MD.Both mothers of 2 patients were heterozygous mutation carriers of normal phenotype.Conclusions MD is a multisystemic disease caused by ATP7A gene mutation resulting in copper metabolism disorder.MD is inherited as an X-linked recessive trait.MD is characterized by kinky hair,connective tissue abnormalities and progressive neurodegeneration.Clinical diagnosis can be made on the basis of clinical features,findings of blood biochemical examination,and radiological findings.Gene sequencing and multiplex ligation dependent probe amplification test are the main technique widely used for genetic diagnosis.

Mannan-Binding Lectin Inhibits Candida Albicans-Induced DC Maturation and Cytokine Secretion / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of mannan-binding lectin (MBL) on the maturation and cytokine secretion of human dendritic cells (DC) induced by Candida albicans (C. albicans).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The plastic-adherent mononuclear cells were prepared from the blood of healthy adult volunteers. The human peripheral blood mononuclear cells-derived dendritic cells (MNC-DC) were induced by 5-day-culture in medium supplemented with rhGM-CSF and rhIL-4, and then cultured for 2 days in presence or absence of C. albicans at varying concentration of human MBL ranging from 1 to 20 mg/L. DC's shape and characters were observed under inverted microscopy, the expression of CD83 and CD86 on DC was analyzed by FACS. The levels of TNF-α and IL-6 were detected by ELISA. FACS also was used to investigate the interaction of MBL with immature DC(imDC) and C. albicans. Western blot was used to detect C. albicans-induced IκBα phosphorylation and p65/NF-κB translocation in DC.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>MBL at higher concentrations (10-20 mg/L) down-regulated the expression of CD83 and CD86 on the monocyte-derived dentritic cells(MoDC) induced by C. albicans, and inhibited the production of TNF-α and IL-6 induced by C. albicans. FACS showed that MBL could not only bind to C. albicans but also bind to imDCs in a Ca2+-dependent manner. Western blot showed that MBL could decrease the phosphorylation of IκBα and the nuclear translocation of p65/ NF-κB.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MBL may inhibit TNF-α and IL-6 production induced by C. albicans in DC through NF-κB signaling pathways, suggesting that MBL can play some roles in the regulation of C. albicans-induced immune response.</p>

Comparison of the risk factors for asthma in children between urban and rural areas in Fuzhou City / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the prevalence and the different risk factors for asthma in children between urban and rural areas in Fuzhou, Fujian province.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The epidemiological survey of asthma in 0-14 years old children was conducted from October 2009 to October 2010 between Fuzhou urban and rural areas in Fujian province. The investigation subjects were selected in urban and rural areas by phased stratified random cluster sampling. The 2010 third national epidemiological survey questionnaire of children with asthma was used for screening for possible patients. Diagnosis of asthma was confirmed by physical examination. The children with asthma were designated as the positive cases, while non asthmatic children who were age, gender, ethnic, and living environment matched with asthmatic patients were designated as negative control. Comparison of the prevalence of asthma in children between Fuzhou urban and rural areas was performed. The influencing factors of asthma were analyzed and screened by the regression equation model of two element Logistic regression.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Totally 12 235 questionnaires of children with asthma and allergic disease screening were issued and 11 738 questionnaire were sent back (6 221 were male and 5 517 were female). The return rate was 95.9% in urban Fuzhou; 648 children were diagnosed as asthma. The prevalence of asthma in male was 6.48% and female children was 4.44% (comparison of the prevalence of gender χ(2) = 23.267, P < 0.001) in urban areas . A total of 6 000 questionnaires of children with asthma and allergic disease screening were sent out and 5 860 were responded (male children 3 228, female children 2 632). The recovery rate was 97.7% in rural Fuzhou; 135 children with asthma was diagnosed. The prevalence of asthma in male was 2.73%and female children and was 1.79%. Adding protein supplement before 6 months (OR = 1.908, 95%CI:1.233-2.959), the use of antibiotics in the treatment of asthma (OR = 14.541, 95%CI:8.920-23.705), furniture materials (non wood) (OR = 2.432, 95%CI:1.563-3.785) were the main risk factors of children with asthma in urban. Adding protein supplement before 6 months(OR = 3.021, 95%CI:1.357-6.711), the use of antibiotics in the treatment of asthma(OR = 14.784, 95%CI:3.842-56.885), the use of coal as fuel (OR = 63.339, 95% CI: 7.993-501.943), domesticated livestock (OR = 13.659, 95% CI:1.342-139.068), the family smoking before and after birth (OR = 6.226, 95%CI:2.674-14.495) and chemical fiber pillow (OR = 3.638, 95%CI:1.241-10.666) were the main risk factors of children with asthma in rural areas.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The prevalence of children with asthma in urban areas was higher than that in rural areas. The prevalence of asthma in male children was higher than in female children. Adding protein food supplement before 6 months, the use of antibiotics and non solid wood furniture material were the main risk factors in children with asthma in urban areas. Adding protein supplement before 6 months, the use of antibiotics, domesticated livestock, the use of coal as fuel and the family smoking before and after birth were the main risk factor of asthma in children in rural areas.</p>

Interleukin-18 promoter gene -607C/A polymorphism and tuberculosis risk: a meta-analysis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Numerous studies have evaluated the association between interleukin-18 (IL-18) promoter gene -607C/ A (rs1946518) polymorphism and tuberculosis (TB) risk. However, the results remain apparently conflicting. The aim of this study was to investigate whether IL-18-607C/A polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to TB.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Publications addressing the association between the IL-18-607C/A polymorphism and TB risk were selected from the Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Embase, CNKI and Wanfang databases. Data were extracted from the studies by two independent reviewers. Statistical analysis was performed using RevMan 5.0.25 and STATA 11.0 software.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Eight case-control studies with a total of 1166 TB patients and 1734 controls were retrieved. Meta-analysis results showed significant association between IL-18-607C/A polymorphism and TB risk in all comparisons of the A allele versus C allele (OR=1.17, 95% CI 1.05-1.30, P=0.004), AA versus CC (OR=1.43, 95% CI 1.14-1.81, P=0.002), CA+AA versus CC (OR=1.20, 95% CI 1.01-1.42, P=0.04) and AA versus CA+CC (OR=1.30, 95% CI 1.07-1.58, P=0.007). In subgroup analysis by nationality, a significant association between IL-18-607C/A polymorphism and TB risk in the comparisons of A versus C, CA+AA versus CC and AA versus CA+CC (OR=1.22, 95% CI 1.07-1.38, P=0.002; OR=1.31, 95% CI 1.06-1.61, P=0.01; OR=1.32, 95% CI 1.07-1.63, P=0.01, respectively) were found in Chinese population but not in Indian and Iranian populations.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This study suggests that the -607C/A polymorphism of IL-18 gene would be a risk factor for TB, especially in Chinese population. To further evaluate gene-to-gene and gene-to-environment interactions on -607C/A polymorphism and tuberculosis risk, more studies with thousands of patients are required.</p>

Research of luyuan capsule leachate on the in vitro maturation of dendritic cells of adult peripheral blood / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of Luyuan Capsule (LYC) leachate on the proliferation and maturation of dendritic cells (DCs) of adult peripheral blood.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 100 mL peripheral blood was collected from 4 healthy males. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated using density gradient centrifugation. The precursor DCs were obtained using wall adherent culture. The immature DCs with recombinant human GM-CSF (rhGM-CSF) and recombinant human IL-4 (rhlL-4) added were harvested for 7 days to get immature DCs. The immature DCs cultured with 1% LYC leachate for two days were taken as the experimental group, while the immature DCs cultured with 20 ng/mL recombinant human TNF-alpha (rhTNF-alpha) for two days were taken as the control group. The morphology of DCs was observed by inverted phase contrast microscope, and the cell proliferation was detected by cell counting. The DCs specific marker CD83 was analyzed using flow cytometry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The proliferation capacities of DCs were improved in the experimental group. More and longer dendritic protrusions and possess were shown on the surface of DCs in the experimental group than in the control group. The CD83 expressions was obviously higher in the experimental group (84.1% +/- 0.3%) than in the control group (58.7% +/- 0.2%), showing statistical difference (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>1% LYC leachate could promote the maturation and proliferation of peripheral blood DCs, stronger than that of 20 ng/mL rhTNF-alpha.</p>

Effect of Buddleia flavonoids drug-containing plasma on the expression of STAT1 phosphoprotein in lacrimal gland epithelial cells in vitro / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

AIM: To explore the effect of Buddleia flavonoids drug-containing plasma and androgen receptor(AR) blocker on the expression of STAT1 phosphoprotein.METHODS: In vitro lacrimal gland epithelial cells were cultivated with H2O2 to establish the dry eye apoptosis state. Blank plasma group, Buddleia officinalis plasma total flavonoids interfere with drug-containing group, and the intervention group of testosterone propionate were set. The expressions of STAT1 phosphoprotein of each group were observed by Western blot and AR blocker flutamide was used to explore the intended androgen effect of Buddleia flavonoids.RESULTS: After the intervention of drug-containing plasma, the expression of STAT1 Phosphoprotein in Buddleja officinalis drug-containing plasma intervention group(0.353±0.494) and testosterone propionate intervention group(0.502±0.036) were enhanced and the differences between the two groups were significant (P<0.01). After using the AR blocker in all groups, the expression of STAT1 phosphoprotein in each group (0.268±0.061,0.283±0.106,0.213±0.071) had no difference.CONCLUSION: Buddleja officinalis drug-containing plasma total flavonoids can promote the expression of STAT1 phosphorylation.

Clinical phenotype genotype correlation in children with hemoglobin H disease in Zhuhai area of China / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Alpha-thalassemia is one of the most common monogene disorders in the world. Most frequently, it is caused by deletions of alpha-globin gene (-alpha or --), and less commonly resulted from the non-deletional mutation (alpha(T)alpha). Hemoglobin H (HbH) disease is the most severe type among survivors of alpha-thalassemia. The clinical presentation of children with the disease was highly heterogeneous. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of alpha-globin genotypes in the children with HbH disease on predicting the phenotypic severity and to define the factors involved in the disease progress.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-three children with the disease in Zhuhai area of Guangdong, China were examined by using established techniques to detect genotypes of alpha-globin and to determine all hematological parameters. All detailed clinical data of the cases were recorded. Then clinical and hematological findings, and the correlation with genotypes were evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Six alpha-thalassemia mutations were detected and interacted to produce 5 HbH disease genotypes. Of these genotypes, -alpha(3.7)/--(SEA)(60%), -alpha(4.2)/--(SEA) (19%) and alpha(CS)alpha/--(SEA) (12%) HbH diseases were prevalent in the area. Compared with -alpha(3.7)/--(SEA) HbH disease, significantly lower red blood cell (RBC) count, hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCHC) and HbA(2) (P < 0.05, 0.01, 0.01 and 0.01, respectively), and significantly higher mean corpuscular hemoglobin volume (MCV) and HbH levels (both P < 0.01), and more severe clinical phenotypes were found in the HbH disease with alpha(T)alpha/--(SEA) genotype. While the differences were much more significant when compared with -alpha(3.7)/--(SEA) then compared with -alpha(4.2)/--(SEA) not only in the hematological parameters, but also in the severity of clinical phenotypes. In addition, HbH levels showed anegatively correlation with the RBC count (r = -0.39, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The phenotypes of HbH disease may be mainly related to the underlying genotypes. The children with alpha(T)alpha/--(SEA) genotype presented with more severe hematological and clinical phenotypes followed by the -alpha(4.2)/--(SEA) and then -alpha(3.7)/--(SEA) genotypes. But phenotypic severity was not simply related to the degree of alpha-globin deficiency. HbH levels were found to exacerbate anemia. These data might provide comprehensive and very valuable and basic information for the management of HbH disease, genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis.</p>

The anti-respiratory syncytial virus effect of an active compound (AP3) from a Chinese medicinal herb-Herba patriniae in vitro / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect on anti-respiratory syncytial virus of an active compound (AP3) from a Chinese medicinal herb-Herba patriniae in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Active component of herba patriniae (AP3) was extracted and its anti-respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) effect was tested. A water soluble substance (AP3) was isolated from a Chinese herb Herba patriniae, by hot water extraction, ethol precipitation and gel permeation column chromatography. The cytotoxicity of AP3 was tested by adding it to HeLa cells directly. Its effect against RSV was estimated by CPEI assay while ribavirin was used as positive control.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Chemical test showed that the nature of substance AP3 was polysaccharide. The median cytotoxic concentration (TC(50)) of AP3 was 11.45 mg/ml by morphological observation and the median effective concentration (50% effective concentration, EC(50)) of it against replication of the long strain of RSV in HeLa cells was 0.0986 mg/ml. The Therapeutic index (TI = TC(50)/EC(50)) of AP3 was 116.12, much higher than the TI of herba patriniae (AP1) (TI = 59.26) and ribavirin (TI = 53.45). Moreover, AP3 gave a dose-dependent response in inhibiting RSV. In the assay, the effect of AP3 against RSV growth was also tested. In addition, the effect of AP3 on virus growth, AP3 inhibited replication of RSV in HeLa cells, when added at 0 h, 2 h, 4 h after virus infection, were also tested.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This study suggested that the AP3 exerted an obvious inhibitory effect to RSV in HeLa cell culture. This study furnished a reliable evidence for development of a new antiviral drug.</p>

Evaluation of different methods in monitoring YMDD motif mutations associated with lamivudine resistance / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To evaluate the three different methods in monitoring the lamivudine-resistant HBV mutants in lamivudine-treated patients with chronic hepatitis B.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The sensitivity and specialty of melting curve assay and polymerase chain reaction microplate nucleotide hybridization-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (PCRmnh-ELISA) were compared with those of mismatch polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (mPCR-RFLP) and sequence analysis, through detection of HBV YMDD mutants in 44 serums from chronic hepatitis B patients receiving lamivudine monotherapy at the time of viral breakthrough.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>mPCR-RFLP assay was more sensitive (10(4) copies/ml) than both PCRmnh-ELISA (10(5) copies/ml) and melting curve assay (10(6) copies/ml). 26 YMDD mutants and 18 wild-types were determined by the means of mPCR-RFLP. Among the 26 mutants, only 16 and 18 mutants were found by melting curve assay and PCRmnh-ELISA, respectively. Whereas, out of the 18 wild-types, 2 and 13 mutants were detected by melting curve assay and PCRmnh-ELISA, respectively. To confirm the different results determined by the three methods in 16 samples, sequence analysis was conducted and showed that the rate of consistency with sequencing was 93.8% by mPCR-RFLP, 43.8% by melting curve, and 18.8% by PCRmnh-ELISA, respectively (chi2=18.7, P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The mPCR-RFLP assay is reliable to monitor HBV YMDD mutations. Melting curve assay and PCRmnh-ELISA should be further improved to increase their sensitivity and specialty.</p>