Effects of different extraction parts of Tibetan medicine Pulicaria insignis Drumm ex Dunn on CIA rats / 中国药理学通报

Aim To clarify the anti-rheumatoid arthritis effect of Tibetan medicine Pulicaria insignis (P. insignis),sift out the active parts against rheumatoid arthritis,and investigate the mechanism. Methods Rat rheumatoid arthritis (CIA) model was established with bovine type II collagen and incomplete Freund's adjuvant. The effects of the total extract of P. insignis, macroporous resin eluted parts with different concentrations of ethanol and Tripterygium Glycosides (GTW) on the degree of foot swelling in CIA rats were observed,the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), intd rheumaerleukin-1β (IL-1β) antoid factor (RF) in serum of rats were detected, the pathological changes of synovial tissues were investigated, and the effects on MAPK/p38/NF-κB, TLR4/NF-κB protein expressions were explored by Western blot. Results Compared with the model group, the total extract of P. insignis and the eluted part of macroporous resin 60% ethanol could significantly reduce the degree of joint swelling in CIA rats, effectively improve the pathological changes of rats synovium tissues, and significantly reduce the levels of rat tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and rheumatoid factor (RF) in serum inflammatory factors, and markedly decrease the expression of related inflammatory proteins (TLR4, NF-κB, Myd88, p-p38, p-IκBα, iNOS, etc) in synovial tissue. Conclusions (1) P. insignis can relieve the symptoms of joint inflammation in rats with rheumatoid arthritis, and the eluted part of macroporous resin 60% ethanol of P. insignis is the effective active part for anti-rheumatoid arthritis. (2) The total and partial extracts of P. insignis can relieve arthritis symptoms in CIA rats through inhibiting the MAPK/ p38/NF-κB and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways.

Advances in mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in inhibiting angiogenesis in ovarian cancer / 中国中药杂志

Ovarian cancer is one of the three major cancers in gynecology. Ovarian cancer has insidious symptoms in its early stages and mostly has progressed to advanced stages when detected. Surgical treatment combined with chemotherapy is currently the main treatment, but the 5-year survival rate is still less than 45%. Angiogenesis is a key step in the growth and metastasis of ovarian cancer. The inhibition of ovarian cancer angiogenesis has become a new hotspot in anti-tumor targeted therapy, which has many advantages such as less drug resistance, high specificity, few side effects, and broad anti-tumor spectrum. Modern research has confirmed that traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) can inhibit tumor angiogenesis by inhibiting the expression of pro-angiogenic factors, up-regulating the expression of anti-angiogenic factors, inhibiting the proliferation of vascular endothelial cells, reducing the density of tumor microvessels, and regulating related signaling pathways, with unique advantages in the treatment of ovarian cancer. This paper presented a review of the role of TCM in inhibiting ovarian cancer angiogenesis in order to provide references for the optimization of clinical ovarian cancer treatment strategies.

Mechanism of Chinese Herbal Monomers Against Cisplatin-induced Resistance of Ovarian Cancer： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Because the early symptoms of ovarian cancer are not typical and there is a lack of effective screening methods， most patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage， which seriously endangers the health of modern women. Platinum-based chemotherapy after tumor reduction is the first choice for patients with advanced and recurrent ovarian cancer， but almost all patients with recurrent ovarian cancer will eventually develop platinum resistance. Therefore， the search for natural， safe， and effective chemotherapeutic sensitizers has become an urgent and important topic in the study of ovarian cancer. With the increasingly extensive application of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） in the treatment of cancer， the research on Chinese herbal monomers is also deepening， and the mechanisms of Chinese herbal monomers in intervening in cisplatin （DDP）-induced resistance of ovarian cancer is becoming increasingly clearer. Based on the research status of Chinese herbal monomers available in many Chinese and English databases， it was found that Chinese herbal monomers were involved in the reversal of DDP-induced resistance of ovarian cancer via many routes， mainly through increasing the intracellular drug concentration， reversing the blocked apoptosis， correcting the abnormal intracellular signaling pathway， enhancing DNA damage and inhibiting DNA repair， regulating intracellular autophagy， and suppressing epithelial mesenchymal transition （EMT）. Chinese herbal monomers weaken the resistance of ovarian cancer to DDP from multiple targets and enhance the toxicity of DDP to ovarian cancer cells in vitro and transplanted tumors in vivo. Therefore， Chinese herbal monomers are expected to become natural sensitizers for ovarian cancer chemotherapy with DDP. However， the current studies on Chinese herbal monomers are still confined to the single experimental type， and their action mechanisms and toxic and side effects remain to be further clarified. The application of Chinese herbal monomers for sensitizing DDP chemotherapy still needs to be verified by multi-target， multi-level experimental studies and large-scale clinical studies in the future.

Mechanisms of Guizhi Fulingwan Against Ovarian Cancer： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Ovarian cancer （OC） is one of the three major gynecological malignancies. Due to its insidious onset at the early stage，most of OC patients are diagnosed at the advanced stage， making it become one of the most deadly gynecological tumors and thus a hot topic in the field of gynecology and oncology. Guizhi Fulingwan is a classic Chinese herbal compound derived from Synopsis of Golden Chamber （《金匮要略》） for the treatment of abdominal mass in women on account of its efficacy in resolving stasis， generating new blood， and eliminating mass. The articles concerning the treatment of OC with Guizhi Fulingwan were searched from such databases as China National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， PubMed，Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform， and Chongqing Weipu Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals （VIP） and collated for expounding its action mechanisms， in order to provide ideas for further research on its pharmacological effects，clinical application， and promotion. Clinically，Guizhi Fulingwan has been proved to control the growth of myoma，correct serological indexes，enhance chemotherapy sensitivity and anti-tumor immunity，reduce postoperative recurrence rate， and improve the quality of life of patients. As revealed by experimental research，Guizhi Fulingwan alleviates the pathological state of animal and cell models by promoting mitochondrial apoptosis and tumor immunity，inhibiting vascular factors，inducing cell cycle arrest， and reversing multidrug resistance. Guizhi Fulingwan exerts a certain therapeutic effect on OC through multi-target and multi-channel mechanisms， reflecting the advantages of traditional Chinese medicine in treating OC.

Progress of STIM1, a dynamic calcium signal transducer, in cardiovascular diseases / 中国病理生理杂志

Stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) is a transmembrane protein of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) , a Ca2+ transducer in ER that activates the store-operated calcium channel.Through Orai1 protein, STIM1 adjusts the intracellular and extracellular calcium concentration.This way is called a store-operated Ca2+ entry.STIM1 plays a key role in phenotypic transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells, proliferation of endothelial cells, myocardial hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis to regulate lots of cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerosis, congestive heart failure and systemic hypertension.STIM1 is closely related to cardiovascular diseases through calcium signal.The research progress of STIM1 in cardiovascular diseases is mainly discussed in this article.