Polipectomía colonoscópica monitorizada por laparoscopia (PCML) / Colonoscopic polypectomy monitored by laparoscopy

En pacientes con adenomas del colon, la polipectomía con asa puede ser técnicamente imposible debido a factores como la angulación del colon, imposibilidad de ver la base del pólipo, pólipos ocultos detrás de un pliegue de mucosa, o debido a cirugías previas. Para estos pacientes, la resección segmentaria del colon, abierta o laparoscópica es considerado el tratamiento óptimo. Objetivo: La combinación quirúrgica de endoscopia flexible y laparoscopia, usando CO2 en ambas, ha significado una nueva forma de manejo para estos pólipos difíciles, con la finalidad de evitar la resección colónica. Método: Estudio retrospectivo realizado en base a información colectada prospectivamente en la base de datos del Texas Endosurgery Institute. (n=320, mayo de 1990a mayo 2013). Describimos los antecedentes que nos permitieron implementar el procedimiento, de igual manera detallamos como realizamos la técnica y finalmente compartimos nuestros resulta-dos. Resultados:Se analiza la información relacionada con las 320 PCML realizadas en 198 pacientes. Conclusión: La PCML permite la exéresis de pólipos evitando la resección colónica, este procedimiento menos invasivo se traduce en tiempo de recuperación similar al de la colonoscopia sola, y se evitan las complicaciones relacionadas con la resección segmentaria del intestino grueso. Todos los pólipos son estudiados con biopsia intraoperatoria y de encontrarse hallazgos de malignidad la resección segmentaria laparoscópica es realizada(AU)

In patients with adenomas of the colon, loop polypectomy may be technically impossible due to factors as the angulation of the colon, inability to see the base of the polyp, polyps hidden behind a fold of mucosa, or due to previous surgeries. For these patients,segmental resection of the colon, open or laparoscopic is considered the optimal treatment. Objective:The surgical combination of flexible endoscopy and laparoscopy, using CO2 in both, has meant a new way of handling these difficult polyps in order to prevent colonic resections. Methods: A retrospective study carried out on the basis of information collected prospectively in the Texas Endosurgery Institute database. (n = 320, May 1990 to May 2013). We describe the background that allowed us to implement the procedure, just as detailed as we carry out the technique and finally share our results. Results: We analyzed a total of 320 CPML related information in 198 patients. Conclusion:The CPML allows excision of polyps preventing colonic resection, this procedure less invasive means similar to the single colonoscopy recovery time, and avoided the complications associated with segmental resection of the intestine. All polyps are studied with intraoperative biopsy and found malignant findings segmental resection, laparoscopic is performed(AU)

Colectomía Subtotal Laparoscópica. Resultados en el Texas Endosurgery Institute / Laparoscopic subtotal colectomy: results from the Texas Endosurgery Institute

BACKGROUND: Laparoscopy is currently and progressively gaining acceptance for the management of colorectal disease. More bleeding and longer operating time were initially considered as contraindications to perform laparoscopic colon resections. Other obstacles were technical difficulties, the learning curve and the need for specialized instruments; however, improvements in surgical techniques and technological developments have allowed subtotal laparoscopic colectomy to be feasible. METHODS: This was a retrospective and descriptive study conducted from April 1992 to July 2006. Forty-four patients underwent laparoscopic subtotal colectomy at Texas Endosurgery Institute in San Antonio, TX. Measured variables to evaluate efficacy and safety were operating time, length of hospital stay, time to resume normal diet, conversion to open procedure, morbidity and mortality. RESULTS: Cancer, familial adenomatous polyposis and ulcerative colitis were the main surgical indications. The procedure was technically successful in 88% of patients. There were five conversions (11.3%). Mean operating time was 210 min. Morbidity and mortality rates were 29% and 2.2%, respectively. Mean length of hospital stay and time to resume normal diet were 11 and 4 days, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic subtotal colectomy in our institute may be considered as an effective and safe method in the management of colorectal disease.

Esplenectomía laparoscópica: experiencia de 12 años en dos instituciones privadas / Laparoscopic splenectomy: twelve-year experience in two private institutions

Introducción: en 1991, Delaitre y colaboradores reportaron la primera esplenectomía laparoscópica exitosa. Ésta se ha convertido en el procedimiento de elección en pacientes con enfermedades hematológicas que requieren tratamiento quirúrgico. Las ventajas potenciales del abordaje laparoscópico sobre el convencional son menor estancia intrahospitalaria, retorno más rápido a la vía oral y disminución en las tasas de morbilidad y mortalidad. Material y métodos: de junio de 1993 a diciembre de 2004, 42 pacientes fueron sometidos a esplenectomía laparoscópica tanto en el Texas Endosurgery Institute como en el Hospital “San José” del Tecnológico de Monterrey. Las variables utilizadas para valorar eficacia y seguridad fueron tiempo quirúrgico, estancia intrahospitalaria, inicio de la vía oral, conversión a procedimiento abierto, morbilidad y mortalidad. Resultados: las enfermedades hematológicas representaron el diagnóstico más común. El procedimiento fue técnicamente exitoso en 95 % de los casos. Solamente hubo dos conversiones a cirugía convencional. El tiempo quirúrgico promedio fue de 120 minutos. La tasa de mortalidad fue de 2.3 % y la estancia intrahospitalaria y el inicio de la vía oral promedios, de cuatro y dos días, respectivamente. Conclusiones: nuestra serie contribuye a reafirmar que actualmente la esplenectomía laparoscópica representa un método seguro y efectivo, conservando además algunas de las ventajas de los procedimientos mínimamente invasivos.

BACKGROUND: In 1991, Delaitre et al. reported the first successful laparoscopic splenectomy. This procedure has become the best option in patients with hematological diseases and who require surgical treatment. The potential advantages of the laparoscopic approach over the conventional surgery are shorter length of hospital stay, shorter time to resume normal diet and decreased rates of morbidity and mortality. METHODS: From June 1993 to December 2004, 42 patients underwent laparoscopic splenectomy in our two surgical care centers: Texas Endosurgery Institute and Hospital San José-TEC de Monterrey. The measured variables to evaluate efficacy and safety were operating time, length of hospital stay, time to resume normal diet, conversion to open procedure, morbidity and mortality. RESULTS: Hematological diseases were the most common diagnosis. The procedure was technically successful in 95% of the patients. There were two conversions to open surgery. The mean operating time was 120 min. Mortality rate was 2.3%. The mean length of hospital stay and time to resume normal diet were 4 and 2 days, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: We regard that our series contributes to supporting laparoscopic splenectomy as a safe and effective method, retaining some advantages of minimally invasive techniques.