Encuesta a mujeres uruguayas sobre conocimientos relacionados con la prevención del cáncer de mama / Survey of Uruguayan women on knowledge related to the prevention of breast cancer / Levantamento de mulheres uruguaias sobre conhecimentos relacionados à prevenção do câncer de mama

Introducción: En Uruguay el cáncer de mama (CM) ocupa el primer lugar en incidencia y mortalidad por cáncer en mujeres. Objetivo: Evaluar el conocimiento de mujeres uruguayas sobre el tamizaje de cáncer de mama. Material y métodos: Se trata de un estudio observacional descriptivo y transversal. Se aplicó una encuesta dirigida a mujeres, que fue difundida mediante las redes sociales. El consentimiento informado se solicitó al inicio de la encuesta, como requisito excluyente para poder realizar la misma. Se mantuvo el anonimato de las pacientes en el análisis estadístico y se contó con la aprobación del Comité de Ética del Hospital de Clínicas. Resultados: Participaron 1859 mujeres. El 75.1% (1396) de las encuestadas reconoce el CM como el de mayor mortalidad en mujeres. El 52% (967) cree que 3 de cada 10 mujeres tienen riesgo de desarrollar CM, y 18.4% (342) desconoce su prevalencia. El 60.2% (1119) reconoce a la mamografía como prueba que ha logrado disminuir la mortalidad por CM. El 64.2% (1193) cree que se realiza a partir de los 40 años. Sobre la frecuencia, el 60.5% (1125) considera que se realiza de forma anual. Los factores de riesgo para desarrollar CM mayormente considerados fueron tabaquismo (60.9%, 1132), obesidad (57.%, 1060) y sedentarismo (56.8%,1056). Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados evidencian que las encuestadas están informadas de manera adecuada sobre la importancia del CM y de realizar el tamizaje mamográfico para prevenirlo; sin embargo, el 74.3% (1381) cree que el mismo, debe comenzar a hacerse a los 40 años.

Introduction: In Uruguay, breast cancer (BC) has the highest incidence and mortality of all cancer in women. Objectives : To assess the knowledge of Uruguayan women about breast cancer screening for the early detection of BC. Material and Methods : This is a descriptive and observational study. A survey was applied to woman, it was disseminated through social networks. Informed consent was requested at the beginning of the survey as an exclusive requirement to be able to carry it out. In the statistical analysis, the anonymity of the patients was maintained and the approval of the Ethics Committee of the Hospital de Clínicas was obtained. Results : 1859 women participated. 75.1% (1396) of those surveyed recognize BC as the one with the highest mortality in women. 52% (967) believe that 3 out of 10 women are at risk of developing BC, and 18.4% (342) do not know its prevalence. 60.2% (1119) recognize mammography as a test that has managed to reduce mortality from BC. 64.2% (1193) believe that it is done after 40 years of age. Regarding the frequency, 60.5% (1125) consider that it is carried out annually. The most considered risk factors for developing BC were smoking (60.9%, 1132), obesity (57%, 1.060) and sedentary lifestyle (56.8%, 1056). Conclusions : Our results show that the respondents are adequately informed about the importance of CM and the performance of screening mammography.

Introdução : No Uruguai, o câncer de mama (CM) tem a maior incidência e mortalidade de todos os cânceres em mulheres. Objetivos: Avaliar o conhecimento de mulheres uruguaias sobre o rastreamento do câncer de mama para a detecção precoce do CM. Material e Métodos : Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e observacional. Foi aplicado um questionário às mulheres, divulgado através das redes sociais. O consentimento informado foi solicitado no início da pesquisa como requisito exclusivo para poder realizá-la. Na análise estatística, foi mantido o anonimato dos pacientes e obtida a aprovação do Comitê de Ética do Hospital de Clínicas. Resultados: participaram 1859 mulheres. 75.1% (1396) dos pesquisados ​​reconhecem o CB como o de maior mortalidade em mulheres. 52% (967) acreditam que 3 em cada 10 mulheres estão em risco de desenvolver CM e 18.4% (342) não conhecem sua prevalência. 60.2% (1119) reconhecem a mamografia como um exame que tem conseguido reduzir a mortalidade por CM. 64.2% (1.193) acreditam que é feito após os 40 anos. Em relação à frequência, 60.5% (1125) consideram que é realizado anualmente. Os fatores de risco mais considerados para desenvolver CM foram tabagismo (60.9%, 1132), obesidade (57%, 1.060) e sedentarismo (56.8%, 1056). Conclusões: Nossos resultados mostram que as entrevistadas estão adequadamente informadas sobre a importância do MC e a realização da mamografia de rastreamento.

Abscesos residuales en apendicitis aguda: comparación entre abordaje laparotómico vs. laparoscópico / Residual abscesses in acute appendicitis: comparison between laparotomy vs. laparoscopic / Abcessos residuais na apendicite aguda: comparação entre laparotômico vs. laparoscópico

La apendicitis aguda es la urgencia quirúrgica más frecuente con una incidencia de 1.17 pacientes/1,000 habitantes. Con el advenimiento de la laparoscopía, un nuevo enfoque mini invasivo surgió para el tratamiento de la apendicitis aguda. Se han demostrado algunas ventajas de este abordaje como menor dolor posoperatorio, incisiones más pequeñas, estadías hospitalarias más cortas y un rápido reintegro a las actividades diarias y laborales, con menor frecuencia de infecciones a nivel de la herida operatoria. Sin embargo, se ha asociado también con un aumento en la frecuencia de abscesos residuales intra-abdominales. En este trabajo analizamos de manera retrospectiva a todos los pacientes operados en el Hospital Maciel de Montevideo, a los que se les realizó una apendicectomía entre el 1° de Junio de 2013 y el 30 de junio de 2016, tanto por vía laparoscópica como laparotómica. Esto correspondió a un total de 426 pacientes. 235 (55%) eran hombres y 191 (45%) mujeres. La media de edad fue de 32,6 en un rango desde los 15 años hasta los 96 años de edad. 128 pacientes presentaban apendicitis edematosas (30%), 157 apendicitis flemonosa (36,9%) 76 pacientes apendicitis gangrenosas (17,8%) 37 pacientes absceso o plastrón (8,7%) y peritonitis en 28 pacientes (6,6%). Con respecto al abordaje, 287 se realizaron por vía laparoscópica (67,4%) y 139 se abordaron por vía laparotómica (32,6%). Los abscesos residuales representan el 3,28% del total, no habiendo diferencias significativas entre los diferentes abordajes. La gran mayoría de estos abscesos residuales pueden tratarse con antibioticoterapia exclusivamente. La tasa de conversión fue del 8,7%. No se observaron lesiones de víscera hueca con el abordaje laparoscópico en esta serie.

Acute appendicitis is the most frequent surgical emergency with an incidence of 17 patients/1,000 inhabitants. With the advent of laparoscopy, a new mini-invasive approach emerged for the treatment of acute appendicitis. Some advantages of this approach have been demonstrated, such as less postoperative pain, smaller incisions, shorter hospital stays and a rapid reintegration to daily and work activities, with a lower frequency of infections at the level of the operative wound. However, it has also been associated with an increase in the frequency of intra-abdominal residual abscesses. In this paper, we retrospectively analyzed all patients operated on at the Maciel Hospital in Montevideo, who underwent an appendectomy between June 1, 2013 and June 30, 2016, both laparoscopically and laparotomically. Of these 235 (55%) were men and 191 (45%) women. The average age was 32.6 in a range from 15 years to 96 years of age. 128 patients presented edematous appendicitis (30%), 157 phlegmonous appendicitis (36.9%), 76 patients gangrenous appendicitis (17.8%), 37 patients presented abscess or plastron (8.7%), and peritonitis had developed in 28 patients (6.6%). Regarding the approach, 287 were performed laparoscopically (67.4%) and 139 were approached via laparotomy (32.6%). The residual abscesses rate represents 3.28% of the series, with no significant differences in incidence between the two different approaches. The vast majority of these residual abscesses can be treated with antibiotic therapy alone. The conversion rate was 8.7%. No intestinal lesions were observed with the laparoscopic approach in this series.

A apendicite aguda é a emergência cirúrgica mais freqüente, com uma incidência de 17 pacientes/1.000 habitantes. Com o advento da laparoscopia, uma nova abordagem mini-invasiva surgiu para o tratamento da apendicite aguda. Isto têm demonstrado algumas vantagens, como menor dor pós-operatória, incisões menores, menor hospitalização e restabelecimento mais rápido as atividades diárias e ao trabalho, assim como infecções menos freqüentes ao nível da ferida cirúrgica. No entanto, também foi associado a um aumento na freqüência de abscessos residuais intra-abdominais. Foram analisados retrospectivamente todos os pacientes operados no Hospital Maciel de Montevidéu, submetidos a uma apendicectomia desde o dia 01 de Junho de 2013 a 30 de Junho de 2016, tanto por abordagem laparoscópica como laparotomica. Destes, 235 (55%) eram homens e 191 (45%) mulheres. A idade média foi de 32,6 com intervalo de 15 anos a 96 anos de idade. 128 pacientes apresentaram apendicite edematosa (30%), 157 apendicite flemonosa (36,9%) 76 pacientes apendicite gangrenosa (17,8%) 37 pacientes abscesso ou plastrão (8,7%) e peritonite em 28 pacientes (6,6% ) Quanto à abordagem, foram realizadas 287 apendicectomias por via laparoscópica (67,4%) e 139 foram abordadas por laparotomia (32,6%). Os abscessos residuais representam 3,28% do total, não havendo diferenças significativas entre as diferentes abordagens. A grande maioria desses abscessos residuais pode ser tratada apenas com antibioticoterapia. A taxa de conversão foi de 8,7% Nenhuma lesão visceral foi observada com a abordagem laparoscópica nesta série.

Características de la alimentación del paciente oncológico en cuidados paliativos / Characteristics of the diet of oncological patients in palliative care

Introducción y objetivo: es escaso lo que se conoce acerca de las características de la alimentación del paciente oncológico en cuidados paliativos. En el presente estudio se realizó un análisis detallado para describir las características alimentarias del paciente oncológico en cuidados paliativos. Materiales y método: estudio descriptivo, observacional y transversal. Se incluyeron 50 pacientes que asistieron al consultorio externo del servicio de oncología del Hospital Juan A. Fernández. Los datos se obtuvieron a partir de encuestas dirigidas semiestructuradas. Se analizaron los siguientes parámetros: número de comidas diarias, presencia de apetito, sentimiento de presión y dificultades a la hora de comer, máxima consistencia tolerada, temperatura mejor aceptada, sabor de preferencia, preferencias alimentarias actuales, incorporación y eliminación de alimentos, realización de dieta específica, propiedades especiales atribuidas a alimentos, consumo de suplementos nutricionales orales, persona encargada de la preparación de los alimentos, compañía, asistencia, lugar y posición al comer. Resultados: el 26% (IC 95% 15,08-40,61) refirió no tener apetito a la hora de comer y un 38% (IC 95% 24,99-52,83) se sentía presionado por parte de familiares/amigos para alimentarse. El 80% (IC 95% 65,85-89,49) presentaba dificultades al comer. Un 60% (IC 95% 45,20-73,26) eliminó alimentos a partir del diagnóstico y un 28% (IC 95% 16,66-42,71) incorporó nuevos. Porcentajes similares preferían sabores dulces y salados, 30% (IC 95% 18,28-44,78) y 32% (IC 95% 19,92-46,83), respectivamente. La consistencia mejor aceptada fue la blanda (16% IC 95% 7,16-40,95). El consumo de suplementos nutricionales orales se observó en el 32% (IC 95% 19,92-46,83). Un 78% (IC 95% 63,66-88,00) indicó comer en el comedor/cocina y el 82% (IC 95% 68,07-90,95) sentado en una silla. Conclusiones: la alimentación del paciente oncológico en cuidados paliativos debe ser individualizada para realizar recomendaciones nutricionales adecuadas(AU).

Introduction and objective: there is little known about the characteristics of the diet of the oncological patient in palliative care. In this study, a detailed analysis to describe the alimentary characteristics of the oncological patient in palliative care was carried out. Materials and method: descriptive, observational and transversal study. Fifty patients who attended the outpatient clinic of the oncology service of the Juan A. Fernández Hospital were included. Data obtained from semi-structured directed surveys. The following parameters were analyzed: number of daily meals, presence of appetite, feeling of pressure and difficulties at the time of eating, maximum tolerated consistency, best accepted temperature, preferred taste, current food preferences, incorporation and elimination of food, realization of specific diet, special properties attributed to food, consumption of oral nutritional supplements, person in charge of preparing food, company, assistance, place and position when eating. Results: 26% (95% CI 15,08-40,61) reported no appetite at mealtimes and 38% (95% CI 24.99-52.83) felt pressured to eat by family/friends. 80% (95% CI 65.85-89.49) presented difficulties when eating. 60% (95% CI 45.2- 73.26) eliminated food as of diagnosis and 28% (CI 95% 16.66-42.71) incorporated new ones. Similar percentages preferred sweet and salty flavors, 30% (95% CI 18.28-44.78) and 32% (95% CI 19.92-46.83), respectively. The best accepted consistency was the soft one (16% CI 95% 7.16-40.95). The consumption of oral nutritional supplements was observed in 32% (95% CI 19,92-46,83). 78% (95% CI 63.66-88.00) indicated eating in the dining room/kitchen and 82% (95% CI 68.07-90.95) sitting on a chair. Conclusions: the diet of the oncologic patient in palliative care must be individualized to make adequate nutritional recommendations(AU).

Preparaciones enfrascadas interactivas / Present study of anatomy; cadaveric material vs. virtual technologies

The approach to the study of human anatomy is the subject of discussion by teachers and students. Nowadays, the debate revolves around the use of cadaveric material or it's relacement with virtual technologies. It questioned how necessary is the use of preparations, the efficiency of the virtual plataforms, the cost-benefit relation, their limitations and if they would replace the cadaveric material or if they would be a complement. Traditionally, dissections are exposed in tables during practical works. Observing a persistent year through year increment in the number of entrant students to Medical School and considering the inconveniences in the attainment of dissecting material and the diminished durability of the preparations due to extensive and not always careful manipulation, the proposal for the creation of interactive bottled preparations arises organically. When they are engaged, their durability increases, while, being interactive, the capacity for indirect manipulation is maintainded. In addition, the degreee of contamination is considerably reduced because the bottle, being sealed, prevents the emission of toxic gases generated by the evaporation of formaldebyde acid, preventing direct exposure. Another questioned axis in the scientific field is the ethical aspect of the use of cadaveric material as a pedagogical tool. In opposition, the preparations fulfill the role of representing the first approach of the student with his patient, understanding that it is not an object-machine but that it is a person, being his firts physical contact with death, taking it as a biological fact. Subsequently, the individual will relate to his real patient with a greater sensitivity and a more humanitic approach

Estado de situación del proceso de transición-transferencia de adolescentes con enfermedades crónicas en un hospital pediátrico de referencia nacional en Argentina / Status of the transition/transfer process for adolescents with chronic diseases at a national pediatric referral hospital in Argentina

Introducción: El pasaje de adolescentes de un centro pediátrico a otro de adultos es un proceso complejo. El objetivo fue evaluar el proceso de transición-transferencia de adolescentes con enfermedades crónicas en el Hospital Garrahan. Métodos: Estudio observacional, transversal, cualicuantitativo. Se obtuvieron datos estadísticos retrospectivos sobre la consulta ambulatoria de pacientes de 16-26 años y se realizaron encuestas y/o entrevistas a profesionales, adolescentes y familiares de diferentes programas de seguimiento. Resultados: La prevalencia de atención a mayores de 16 años fue 7, 2%. Se encuestaron 54 profesionales asistentes, 150 pacientes (1626, 7 años) y 141 familiares. Se entrevistó a 45 profesionales con cargos de gestión. Profesionales: el 39% recibió capacitación en transición. Todos identificaron obstáculos y facilitadores en los diferentes actores e instituciones intervinientes. Reconocieron la importancia en fomentar la autonomía en sus pacientes, pero solo 30% los entrevistaba solos y 56, 6% les entregaba informes médicos. Estrategias: la mediana de edad de transferencia fue18 años (13-20); 62% tenía un protocolo; 84%, un acuerdo informal con otra institución; atención conjunta o paralela: 49%;solo 20% utilizaba un plan de transición. Pacientes y familiares: 4, 7% de los adolescentes concurrían solos a las consultas y el profesional le había preguntado al 45% sobre su autonomía y preparación para cuidar su salud. Los adolescentes y sus padres percibían sensaciones asociadas al proceso (con predominio, negativas) e identificaban estrategias facilitadoras, como contar con un resumen, conocer el nuevo lugar y profesionales formados. Conclusiones: El proceso de transición del adolescente con enfermedad crónica es aún deficitario y su abordaje incluye a los equipos de salud y a las familias. Se identificaron falta de acuerdos interinstitucionales formales, aunque sí mayores acuerdos informales entre los profesionales, y la necesidad de fomentar la autonomía del paciente crónico. Entre las estrategias facilitadoras, los pacientes y sus padres reconocieron, principalmente, la necesidad de contar con un resumen médico, pautas de cuidado y confianza en el nuevo profesional.

Introduction: The shift of adolescents from a pediatric to an adult health care facility is a complex process. The objective of this study was to assess the transition/transfer process for adolescents with chronic diseases at Hospital Garrahan. Methods: Observational, cross-sectional, qualitative-quantitative study. Retrospective statistical data were obtained in relation to outpatient visits of patients aged 16-26; surveys and/or interviews were done with health care providers, adolescents, and family members from different follow-up programs. Results: The prevalence of care provided to individuals older than 16 years was 7.2%. Surveys were administered to 54 attending health care providers, 150 patients (16-26.7 years old) and 141 family members. In addition, 45 health care providers with management functions were interviewed. Health care providers: 39% had received training on transition. All identified barriers and facilitators among the different participants and facilities. They recognized the importance of encouraging autonomy among their patients, but only 30% of them interviewed their patients alone, and 56.6% delivered medical reports. Strategies: the median age of transfer was 18 years (13-20); 62% had a protocol; 84% had an informal agreement with another facility; joint or parallel care: 49%; only 20% implemented a transition plan. Patients and family members: 4.7% of adolescents attended visits alone, and health care providers had asked 45% about their autonomy and preparation to take care of their health. Adolescents and their parents had feelings (mostly negative) regarding the process and identified facilitation strategies, such as receiving a summary, knowing the new facility, and having trained health care providers. Conclusions: The transition process for adolescents with chronic diseases is still deficient and approaching it involves health care teams and the families. A lack of formal inter-institutional agreements was identified, although there were more informal agreements among health care providers; besides, the need to encourage chronically-ill patients' autonomy was also determined. In relation to facilitation strategies, patients and parents mainly recognized the need to have a medical summary, health care guidelines, and trust in the new provider.

Avatares del concepto de transferencia en la obra freudiana. Los alcances de la experiencia analítica / Vicissitudes of the concept of transference in Freud's works. The scope of analytical experience

La prevalencia de modos de padecimiento que no se ordenan bajo la lógica del retorno de lo reprimido y que parecen refractarios al ingreso al dispositivo analítico tradicional, introducen la pregunta por los alcances del psicoanálisis. Este interrogante nos conduce de lleno a la revisión del concepto de transferencia. En este trabajo lo abordaremos tal como ha sido planteado en la obra freudiana. Describiremos los avatares del concepto, contextualizando sus modificaciones y abordaremos, a partir de estos desarrollos, la pregunta planteada al inicio.

The prevalence of modes suffering that are not sorted under the logic of the return of the repressed and appear refractory to traditional analysis, poses a question on the scope of psychoanalysis. This question leads us squarely to the revision of the concept of transference. In this article we will address it as it has been outlined in Freud\'s work. We will describe the vicissitudes of the concept, contextualizing its amendments and then we will address, based on these developments, the question posed at the beginning.

Adaptación transcultural del cuestionario de transición a la atención médica del adulto al castellano argentino / Cross-cultural adaptation of the Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire to Argentinian Spanish

En Argentina, no había un instrumento adaptado y validado de preparación para la transición. El objetivo fue describir el proceso de adaptación transcultural del Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire 5.0 al español argentino. Para ello, se contactó a los autores del cuestionario. Etapa 1: dos traductores lo tradujeron al castellano. Etapa 2: a partir de esas versiones, se consensuó la versión 1. Etapa 3: se realizaron dos retrotraducciones. Etapas 4 y 5: se compararon ambas versiones en inglés y se adaptó la versión en castellano para asegurar la equivalencia con la original. Se agregaron los subtítulos de cada dominio y se obtuvo la versión 2. Etapa 6: se realizó una prueba de campo para determinar si el vocabulario era culturalmente adecuado. Se obtuvo la versión 3. En la última etapa (etapa 7), se probó el cuestionario en dos hospitales. Finalmente, se obtuvo la traducción y adaptación del Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire 5.0 para la población argentina.

In Argentina, there was not an adapted and validated instrument to evaluate readiness for the transition to adult health care. The purpose of this study was to describe the process of cross-cultural adaptation of the Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire 5.0 to Argentinian Spanish. The authors of the instrument were contacted to this effect. Stage 1: two translators performed the translation to Spanish. Stage 2: based on these two versions, version 1 was agreed upon. Stage 3: two back-translations were performed. Stages 4 and 5: both back-translated versions were compared, and the Spanish version was adapted to ensure correspondence with the original. Subheads were added in each domain, and version2 was obtained. Stage 6: the questionnaire was field tested to ensure the cultural adequacy of the vocabulary, thus obtaining version 3. In the last stage (stage 7), the instrument was tested in two hospitals. Finally, the cross-cultural adaptation of the Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire 5.0 for the Argentinian population was obtained.

Validación español-argentina del cuestionario de transición a la atención médica del adulto en adolescentes con enfermedades crónicas / Validation of the Argentine Spanish version of Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire for adolescents with chronic conditions

Introducción. El pasaje de adolescentes con enfermedades crónicas al seguimiento como adultos es un proceso complejo y creciente. Los pacientes necesitan adquirir conocimientos y habilidades que aseguren la continuidad de su cuidado. El objetivo fue llevar a cabo la validación del instrumento Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire (TRAQ) 5.0, versión en español argentino, en adolescentes y adultos jóvenes con enfermedades crónicas. Población y métodos. Estudio descriptivo, transversal y cuantitativo. Se incluyeron pacientes mayores de 14 años con enfermedad crónica atendidos en el Hospital Garrahan. El TRAQ incluye 20 ítems en 5 subescalas (medicación, asistencia a citas, seguimiento de problemas de salud, comunicación con profesionales, manejo de actividades cotidianas) y se responde de modo autoadministrado. Los pacientes completaron el TRAQ, una encuesta de opinión sobre su uso y otra escala de autopercepción de autonomía; sus médicos, una escala sobre el compromiso de la enfermedad. Se registraron variables sociodemográficas, clínicas y relacionadas con el TRAQ. Resultados. Participaron 191 pacientes. El TRAQ 5.0 pudo ser comprendido y completado por la mayoría de los pacientes (96,3%), en forma autoadministrada, en poco tiempo (mediana: 5 minutos) y con poca o ninguna ayuda (81%). Presentar pobreza o escolaridad no acorde aumentó la necesidad de ayuda. La consistencia interna (alfa de Cronbach) para la puntuación total fue 0,81. Se demostró validez de construcción al testear diferentes hipótesis (todas p < 0,05): discriminación según edad ≥ 16 años (3,01 vs. 3,34), sexo (mujeres: 3,38 > varones: 3,12) y presencia de proyecto futuro (sin: 3,01 < con: 3,34); correlación con escala de autopercepción (r: 0,49). Conclusión. El TRAQ 5.0 queda disponible para ser utilizado en adolescentes argentinos con enfermedades crónicas.

Introduction. The transition of adolescents with chronic conditions to adult follow-up care is an increasingly complex process. Patients need to acquire knowledge and skills that ensure continuity of their care. The goal of this study was to validate the Argentinian Spanish version of the Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire (TRAQ) 5.0 tool in adolescents and young adults with chronic conditions. Population and methods. Descriptive, crosssectional, quantitative study. Patients with chronic conditions aged 14 years or older treated at Hospital Garrahan were included. The TRAQ is made up of 20 items divided into 5 subscales (Managing Medication, Appointment Keeping, Tracking Health Issues, Talking with Providers, Managing Daily Activities), and is designed to be self-administered. Patients completed the TRAQ, as well as an opinion survey about its use and a self-perceived autonomy scale; their physicians answered a scale about patients' health impairment due to the condition. Sociodemographic, clinical and TRAQ-related variables were recorded. Results. A total of 191 patients participated. The majority of patients (96.3%) understood the TRAQ 5.0 questionnaire and completed it correctly, in self-administered modality, in a short time (median: 5 minutes), with little or no help (81%). Patients who live in poverty or have a lower education level than the one expected for their age needed more help. Internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha) for the overall score was 0.81. Construct validity was demonstrated by testing different hypotheses (all p < 0.05): discriminationby age ≥ 16 years (3.01 vs. 3.34), sex (women: 3.38 > men: 3.12) and having plans for the future (without plans: 3.01 < with plans: 3.34); correlation with self-perception scale (r= 0.49). Conclusion. The TRAQ 5.0 tool is available for use inArgentinianadolescents with chronic conditions.

Registro de mordida neuromuscular para ortopedia con Tens / Neuromuscular bite recording for orthopedics with Tens

El propósito de este artículo es difundir la odontología neuromuscular, su fundamento, filosofía y en esta oportunidad, aplicarla a la toma del registro de mordida para la confección de aparatología de ortopedia funcional.