Recomendaciones sobre el manejo del cáncer de páncreas tipo adenocarcinoma en Latinoamérica: Reunión del Consenso del Simposio Latinoamericano de Gastroenterología Oncológica (SLAGO) y de la Asociación Ibero Latinoamericana de Terapia Radiante (ALATRO), Viña del Mar, Chile 2015 / Recommendations for the management of pancreatic cancer type adenocarcinoma: A consensus statement reached during the 2015 Latin American Symposium on Gastroenterological Oncology

Pancreatic cancer is a malignancy of great impact in developed countries and is having an increasing impact in Latin America. Incidence and mortality rates are similar for this cancer. This is an important reason to offer to the patients the best treatments available. During the Latin American Symposium of Gastroenterology Oncology (SLAGO) held in Viña del Mar, Chile, in April 2015, a multidisciplinary group of specialists in the field met to discuss about this disease. The main conclusions of this meeting, where practitioners from most of Latin American countries participated, are listed in this consensus that seek to serve as a guide for better decision making for patients with pancreatic cancer in Latin America.

La detección antígeno-específica de linfocitos T y sus aplicaciones clínicas / Clinical applications of antigen-specific detection of T lymphocytes

The important role that T lymphocytes play during the immune response against pathogens and tumor cells has encouraged the development of technologies aimed to detect these immune cells in an antigen-specific fashion. Recently, a methodology consisting of the production of soluble ligands that bind the T lymphocyte receptor was developed. Such ligands consist of molecules from the Major Histocompatibility Complex loaded with either pathogen or tumor derived peptides. These molecular complexes are tetramerized to enhance the binding efficiency to the T cell receptor (TCR), which improves the detection sensitivity of antigen specific T lymphocytes. This new technology is currently used successfully during the follow up patients that were vaccinated against certain tumor antigens, to evaluate the expansion of tumor specific T lymphocytes. This methodology is also promising for the detection and specific deletion of autoreactive T lymphocytes as a treatment for autoimmune disorders. In this article we review the molecular components involved in antigen recognition by T lymphocytes, and the potential benefits for Biomedicine that could result from the detection of these cells by soluble specific ligands (Rev MÚd Chile 2004; 132: 371-80).

Buen control local y sobrevida post resección curativa de cáncer de recto medio e inferior: protocolo terapéutico multimodal, selectivo / Good local control and survival post curative resection for middle and lower rectal cancer: therapeutic, multimodal, selective protocol

Objetivo: Evaluar protocolo multimodal, selectivo, midiendo resultados alejados en una serie de cáncer de recto medio e inferior, operada con intención curativa, por un solo cirujano. Material y Método: Entre 1991 y 2000 se atienden 112 cánceres restales. Se resecan 107. Resección paliativa: 27, sin mortalidad; curativa: 80. Esta serie incluye 73 pacientes: recto medio (23) y recto inferior (50). Operaciones: Sin resección total del mesorrecto (RTM): Resección local: 9, Resección anterior baja: 11. Con RTM: Resección anterior ultrabaja: 33, Resección abdominoperineal: 18 y Hartmann: 2. Radioterapia: En 54,8 por ciento. Incluye radioquimioterapia preoperatoria (26 por ciento), especialmente en T3-T4, N+ y/o recto inferior. Seguimiento: Asiduo en 72 pacientes. Promedio 57,4 meses. Resultados: Mortalidad operatoria: 1,4 por ciento. Preservación esfínter funcionante 68,5 por ciento. Recidiva local 5 años: 11 por ciento. Sobrevida a 5 años: Cáncer específica: 73,3 por ciento. Libre de enfermedad: 68,2 por ciento. Conclusión: Estos resultados avalan la aplicación de este protocolo terapéutico multimodal, selectivo, con cifras similares a buenas series extranjeras.