Response of Balady dairy goats to dieltary propylene glycol and rumen - protected methionine supplementations

An 8-week trial was designed in order to study the response of lactating Balady goats to dietary supplementation with propylene glycol and rumen-protected methionine. A total of 18 healthy Balady goats were randomly divided into 3 equal groups: Group I acted as a control group that received the basal diet only; group II goats were fed the basal diet and each goat was fed 50 g of propylene glycol [PG] and goats in group III were fed the basal diet and each goat was fed 5 g of rumen-protected methionine [RPM]. All goats were in their early lactation period. Criteria used to measure the response were plasma glucose, NEFA [nonesterified fatty acids], triglycerides, cholesterol, milk composition, milk concentration of Ca, P, Na, K, Mg, Zn and Cu. The same mineral profile was also measured in plasma in addition to Fe. Blood glucose level was significantly higher in the PG-supplemented goats over the control and RPM-supplemented groups. NEFA levels were also significantly lower in the PG-supplemented and RPM-supplemented goats than the control ones. However, blood triglycerides and cholesterol levels were not affected by either of the dietary supplementation. Regarding milk composition, the RPM-supplemented group exhibited a significant increase in milk protein% over the control and PG-supplemented goats during the first 6 weeks of supplementation. No other differences were observed in milk composition. There were no significant differences between the three groups regarding the measured mineral profile. The results suggested that both propylene glycol and rumen-protected methionine can be used as dietary supplemented in Balady goats to improve their lactation performance

Effect of phytase supplementation on the performance of broilers grown to marked weights

An experiment was conducted using day-old Hubbard broilers in order to study the effect of microbial phytase on their performance in a commercial farm for 39 days. A control diet adequate in non-phytate phosphorus [0.5%] was fed to one house with 14751 birds. An experimental diet low in non-phytate phosphorus [0.4%] was fed to another house of 15345 birds after being modified using the matrix values for Ronozyme PCT [phytase]. The measured parameters included body weight gain, feed conversion, mortality, profit per bird, tibia ash [total ash, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and zinc percentages], serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase as well as fecal calcium and phosphorus output. The results suggested that dietary phosphorus can be reduced without a serious effect on the skeleton of broilers. Phytase would have other benefit by reducing the cost of the diet as well as improving the birds live weight gain, in addition to reducing the environmental pollution as manifested by a reduced fecal phosphorus output

protective effect of dimethyl-4,4' dimethoxy - 5,6,5',6' - dimethylenedioxybiphenyl -2.2' - dicarboxylate [DDB] on isolated rat hepatocytes compared with vitamin E

This work aimed to compare the protective effect of dimethyl- 4, 4'dimethoxy-5, 6, 5', 6'-dimethylenedioxybiphenyl-2, 2'dicarboxylate [DDB] with that of vitamin E against the hepatotoxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride on isolated rat hepatocytes. Vitamin E and various concentrations of DDB were preincubated in the isolated rat hepatocyte suspension for 30 minutes before being subjected to the hepatotoxin CC14 for an additional 150 minutes. Lactate dehydrogenase [LDH], malondialdehyde [MDA] for lipoperoxidation and the depletion of reduced glutathione [GSH] were measured as indices for liver damage. Protection against the induced cell injury was conferred by DDB as evidenced by the decreased leakage of LDH, the inhibition of lipoperoxidation and the restoration of cellular glutathione. Vitamin E induced similar hepatoprotection against CC14-induced damage, but to a lesser extent than DDB

Hepato-renal functional alteration induced by captopril, enalapril, benazepril and perindopril

Angiotensin converting enzyme [ACE] inhibitors are well established antihypertensives. Their effect on kidney function however, seems to depend on the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the clinical symptoms. Spontaneously hypertensive rats [SHR] were used in this study. Their mean blood pressure was 186.639 +/- 1.623 mmHg. A comparative study between some angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors namely captopril, enalapril, benazepril and perindopril on liver and kidney functions was carried out. The drugs were injected twice daily for three weeks in doses equivalent to human therapeutic dosage. These doses in rats were 4.5, 1.8, 1.8, 0.36 mg/kg for captopril, enalapril, benazepril and perindopril, respectively. Histopathological examination of the kidney revealed degenerative changes in the glomeruli and both ascending and descending tubules elicited by all ACE inhibitors under investigation. These degenerative changes ranged from mild, as with perindopril and benazepril, to severe as those resulted with captopril and enalapril

Effect of cimetidine, ranitidine and famotidine on norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin contents in different brain areas of mouse

The acute and subacute effects of histamine [H2] receptor antagonists [cimetidine, ranitidine and famotidine] on norepinephrine [NE], dopamine [DA] and 5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT] contents have been studied in different brain areas of mouse; namely, cerebral cortex, thalamus and hypothalamus, midbrain as well as the area of medulla, pons and cerebellum. The doses used were equivalent to the human therapeutic dosage. The results revealed that cimetidine [50, 100 mg/kg], ranitidine [19, 38 mg/kg] and famotidine [2.5, 5 mg/kg] caused significant increase in norepinephrine and dopamine contents in the most of the examined brain areas after single and twice daily 15 days administration. It was shown that 50 mg/kg cimetidine decreased 5-HT content in thalamus and hypothalamus after 15-days administration. Increasing the dose to 100 mg/kg resulted into an increase in 5-HT content in the area of thalamus and hypothalamus and that of midbrain respectively after acute or subacute administration. It is probable that the changes in brain monoamines content observed may play a role in CNS adverse effect of H2-receptor antagonists

Influences of high dietary levels of monensin in rabbit

36 New Zeal and growing male rabbits were used to trace the effects of high dietary levels of monensin on their growth performance, blood picture, internal organs and slaughter value. The used rabbits were randomly allocated into 4 equal groups. Group 1 [control was fed on a balanced basal diet, while groups, 2, 3 and 4 were fed on the same basal diet supplemented with 50, 100, 200 ppm monensin. Dietary monensin adversely affected the final body weight and weight gains of rabbits and the effect was proportional to the dietary monensin level. Proportional to dietary monensin level, the feed intake was markedly reduced. Feed conversion of rabbits was seriously affected and averaged 5.97, 7.01, 9.75 and 10.21 in the respective groups 1-4. The groups receiving diets containing monensin had markedly low dressed carcass weight, dressing% and the weights of head, liver and kidneys. Hematological examination revealed a gradual decrease in RBCs count, Hb and PCV with increasing the level of monensin. Leukocytosis was observed in the group receiving 50 ppm monensin, while a leukopenia was noticed at higher levels. The heterophils decreased significantly, while the lymphocytes were increased. Histopathological examination showed lymphocytic infiltration in the portal areas, irregular necrotic foci in the renal cortex and perivascular lymphocytic cuffing in the cerebral cortex in all monensin treated groups. Hyalinization of the skeletal muscles and brain lesions were observed. The group treated with 200 ppm monensin showed necrosis in the skeletal muscles and focal hyalinization of the cardiac myofibers

comparative study on the effect of two types of growth promoting implants on the performance traits of buffalo calves

The effect of two types of anabolic implants [Ralgro and Synovex-S] on the performance traits and the metabolic profile of male buffalo calves averaging 248.75 +/- 2.5 kg was studied in a 90-day experiment. The calves were fed on a basal ration composed of concentrates and roughages. Ralgro and Synovex-S implantation increased significantly [P <0.5] the total body gain, average daily gain and feed/gain ratio in implanted calves. Gain and relative gain of the Synovex-S implanted group showed significant [P <0.05] increase at each time phase of the experiment compared with the control and showed insignificant increase over the Ralgro-implanted group. No significant difference was found regarding blood calcium, albumin, RBCs and WBCs due to implantation. Total lipids and cholesterol values showed significant [P <0.05] increase by implantation and reached the maximum at 60 days compared with the control. Ralgro and Synovex-S groups demonstrated significant [P <0.05] increase in hemoglobin value at 60 days post-implantation. Total serum protein and globulin values showed significant [P <0.05] increase at 60 and 30 days post-implantation in Ralgro and Synovex-S implanted calves, respectively. The growth promoting implants [Ralgro and Synovex-S] could be successfully used in improving body gain and feed utilization of buffalo calves raised for beef production in Egypt

Synthesis hypotensive and antispasmoclic activities of certain aminomethyl chromones

Several drugs available for the treatment of hypertension lower the peripheral vascular resistance either through an inhibition of the sympathetic activity via an influence on adrenoreceptors in the CNS or a direct vasodilating effect on the smooth muscles in the arterioles. Khellin, the most important furochromone isolated from Ammi visnaga L., and its analogues exert a direct spasmolytic action on a variety of smooth muscles including those of blood vessels. Some of 6-aminomethyl derivatives of khellin and a combination of khellin and barbiturates produced sustained hypotensive action. On the other h and, antispasmodic and beta-adrenergic blocking action have been reported in several types of amino chromones. Accordingly, in a sustained effort to find cardiovascular and antispasmodic agents certain new aminomethylchromones and furochromones have been synthesized and tested for their hypotensive and antispasmodic activities