Active components and potential mechanism of Taohong Siwu Decoction in regulating ischemic stroke based on target cell trapping combined with network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation / 中国中药杂志

The potential anti-stroke active components in Taohong Siwu Decoction(THSWD) were identified by target cell trapping coupled with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). The underlying mechanism of active components in THSWD in the treatment of ischemic stroke(IS) was explored by network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental validation. The UPLC-Q-TOF-MS technology combined with the UNIFI data analysis platform was used to analyze the composition of the cellular fragmentation fluid after co-incubation of THSWD with target cells. The targets of potential active components and IS were collected by network pharmacology, and the common targets underwent protein-protein interaction(PPI), Gene Ontology(GO), and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) signaling pathway enrichment analyses. The target cell trapping component-core target-signaling pathway network was constructed, and the active components were molecularly docked to the top targets in the PPI network, followed by pharmacodynamic validation in vitro. Fifteen active components were identified in the target cellular fragmentation fluid, including bicyclic monoterpenes, cyanoglycosides, flavonols, quinoid chalcones, phenylpropanoids, and tannins. As revealed by the analysis of network pharmacology, THSWD presumably regulated PI3K-AKT, FoxO, MAPK, Jak-STAT, VEGF, HIF-1, and other signaling pathways to affect inflammatory cascade reaction, angiogenesis, oxidative stress, pyroptosis, apoptosis, and other pathological processes via paeoniflorin, butylphthalide, dehydrated safflower yellow B, 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid, amygdalin, paeoniflorin, and ligusticolactone. Molecular docking and in vitro pharmacodynamic validation revealed that the target cell trapping active components could promote neovascularization in rat brain microvascular endothelial cells(rBMECs) in the oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation(OGD/R) model. The application of target cell trapping coupled with UPLC-Q-TOF-MS technology can rapidly screen out the potential active components in THSWD. The active components of THSWD can be predicted to intervene in the pathogenesis of IS through network pharmacology, and molecular docking combined with experimental validation can further clarify the efficacy, thus providing a theoretical basis for research ideas on the pharmacodynamic substance basis of traditional Chinese medicine compounds.

Characterization of butaselen-2,6-dimethyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes and preparation of injectable solutions / 药学学报

In this study, butaselen-2,‍6-dimethyl-‍β‍-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes were prepared by saturated aqueous solution method to improve the solubility of butaselen, so as to obtain its injection solutions. The content of butaselen in the inclusions was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and then the preparation process was optimized by orthogonal design using the inclusion ratio as an indicator. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to verify the structure of the inclusions. The effects of the inclusions on the solubility and stability of butaselen were also investigated. The results showed that the optimized preparation process with a mass ratio of 1∶340, an encapsulation time of 3 h and an encapsulation temperature of 70 ℃ resulted in an encapsulation ratio of (91.24 ± 0.42) %, and the results of XRD, FTIR and SEM demonstrated the formation of inclusion complexes. The developed HPLC method is rapid, simple, accurate, applicable, specific and reproducible for the determination of butaselen content in butaselen cyclodextrin inclusion complexes, which can lay the foundation for the development of new butaselen dosage forms and clinical applications and provide technical support.

Clinical characteristics and diagnostic analysis of 120 cases with malignant pleural mesothelioma / 肿瘤

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with pleural mesothelioma, including the history, symptoms, lymph node metastasis and the rule of distant metastasis, to analyze the survival of patients with different stages, pathological types and treatment methods, so as to provide ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Methods: The clinical data of 120 patients with pleural mesothelioma admitted to Tangdu Hospital of Air Force Medical University from April 2009 to September 2016 were analyzed, and the staging was conducted according the eighth TNM staging standard. For the different clinical stages, pathological types and treatment methods, the median survival of patients in each group was calculated and analyzed by Kaplan-Meier method. Results: Among the 120 patients, 3 cases (2.5%) had a history of occupational exposure. There were 56 cases (46.7%) of l eft pl eural mesothel i oma, 63 cases (52.5%) of ri ght pleural mesothelioma, and 1 case of bilateral concurrent lesion. The total misdiagnosis rate of the patients was 30% (36/120), among which 32 cases (26.7%) were misdiagnosed as tuberculosis. In terms of symptoms, 55 cases (45.8%) suffered from chest pain, 107 cases (89.2%) suffered from pleural effusion, and 49 cases (40.8%) suffered from both symptoms. Fi fty-three cases (44. 2%) were di agnosed by pl eural puncture, 41 cases (34.2%) by thoracoscopy, and 26 cases (21.6%) by exploratory thoracotomy. There were 43 cases (35.8%) of lymph node metastasis (N1 and N2). There were 54 sites of lymph node metastasis, including 42 cases (77.8%) of metastasis in mediastinal lymph node areas and 12 cases (22.2%) of metastasis in other areas. Seventy-eight patients were followed up successfully. The overall median survival was 15.0 months, and the 1-year, 2-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival rates were 67.9%, 27.7%, 16.0%, and 4.2%, respectively. The median survival of patients in stage /Ⅱ was 17.0 months, which was longer than that of patients in stage III/ (13.0 months) (P < 0.05). The median survival time of patients with epithelial type of pleural mesothelioma was 17.0 months, which was better than those of patients with mixed type and sarcoma type of pleural mesothelioma (both P < 0.05). The median survival time of patients in the combination group of surgery and chemotherapy was 30.0 months, which was better than those of patients in surgery, chemotherapy alone and supportive treatment groups (all P < 0.05). Conclusion: The misdiagnosis rate of pleural mesothelioma is high, most of patients are misdiagnosed as tuberculosis. The incidence of malignant pleural effusion is high, and the pattern of lymph node metastasis is different from lung cancer. Therefore, for the diagnosis and treatment of pleural mesothelioma, these clinical features should be paid great attention to minimize misdiagnosis and improve the treatment efficiency. However, the prognosis of patients with early clinical stage and epithelial type of pleural mesothelioma is relatively better. Relatively long survival can be achieved by a combination of surgery and chemotherapy.

Study on the correlation between health education compliance and treatment outcome of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective To explore the influence of health education and treatment compliance on COPD patients' outcome.Methods 258 subjects (186 males,72 females,average age 75.2±8.5 years) were enrolled from patients diagnosed with COPD between June 2013 to June 2014 in huashan hospital north compus.Study began in July 2014,health condition assessment and grading、telephone follow-up and education were performed once every half a year together with COPD lectures,the number of patients participated in education sessions,and status of smoking cessation,exercise\home oxygen therapy and medication were recorded as indicators for health education compliance.Clinic/hospital stay and cost,condition change were also recorded.The study ended in December 2015 with final assessments of conditions and classification of patient outcome.Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze factors influencing the COPD patient's outcome;Independent sample t test was applied to compare different compliance in patients with outpatient and hospitalization per-time cost difference.Results Higher reimbursement ratio,the better adherence for health education,no complications and the low grade of disease classification at the beginning of the study were protective factors (OR=10.35,2.147,5.791,4.51,P＜0.05);Underweight to normal weight,5 times or more acute attacks during during the study,poor health education compliance were risk factors for disease progression (OR=0.031,0.131,0.010,P＜ 0.05);Never exercise and never participating in health education management are the risk of illness/death((OR=6.793,P=0.005,95％CI:1.766～26.125) vs.(OR=11.872,P=0.002,95％CI:2.525～55.815));for mild COPD patients,these never participating in health education management had a higher per hospitalization than patients with health education management (6 619 yuan,t=2.681,P=0.010).The outpatient cost of more severe COPD patients who are smoking or quitted smoking in less than 5 years was higher than these quitted smoking more than 5 years (985 yuan,t=-2.225,P=0.028).Conclusions Health education management can help medical staff to provide guidance to patients to quit smoking,encouraging the regular use of home oxygen therapy,doing more exercise,taking prescription of preventive drugs,these will in turn improve patient compliance for disease control and prevention.These efforts can effectively slow disease progression and improve patient outcomes,reduce medical costs,reduce the burden of the family and society.

Expression of Wntless in gastric carcinoma and its clinical significance / 基础医学与临床

Objective To explore the expression of Wnt secret protein Wntless in gastric carcinoma and normal mu-cosa,and to analyze the clinical significance of Wntless expression. Methods To detecte the expression of Wntless protein in gastric adenocarcinoma and normal gastric mucosa by immunohistochemistry. Results In 104 specimens of gastric cancer,the expression of Wntless in gastric adenocarcinoma was: 7.7% (8/104) cases were 0 or 1+, 36.5% (38/104) cases were 2+,and 55.8% (58/104) cases were 3+. While in normal mucosa,the expression of Wntless was:71.2% (74/104) cases were 0 or 1+, 19.2% (20/104) cases were 2+, and 9.6% (10/104) cases were 3+.The expression of Wntless in gastric adenocarcinoma was significantly higher than that in normal gas-tric mucosa (P<0.001). The expression of Wntless protein was positively correlated with tumor differentiation(P<0.05),and was positively correlated with lymph node metastasis (P<0.05).Conclusions Wntless is highly ex-pressed in gastric carcinomas and may have role in the oncogenesis. Wntless may be used as a new marker for pro-gression and metastasis of gastric carcinoma.

Expression of Wntless in gastric carcinoma and its clinical significance / 基础医学与临床

Objective To explore the expression of Wnt secret protein Wntless in gastric carcinoma and normal mu-cosa,and to analyze the clinical significance of Wntless expression. Methods To detecte the expression of Wntless protein in gastric adenocarcinoma and normal gastric mucosa by immunohistochemistry. Results In 104 specimens of gastric cancer,the expression of Wntless in gastric adenocarcinoma was: 7.7% (8/104) cases were 0 or 1+, 36.5% (38/104) cases were 2+,and 55.8% (58/104) cases were 3+. While in normal mucosa,the expression of Wntless was:71.2% (74/104) cases were 0 or 1+, 19.2% (20/104) cases were 2+, and 9.6% (10/104) cases were 3+.The expression of Wntless in gastric adenocarcinoma was significantly higher than that in normal gas-tric mucosa (P<0.001). The expression of Wntless protein was positively correlated with tumor differentiation(P<0.05),and was positively correlated with lymph node metastasis (P<0.05).Conclusions Wntless is highly ex-pressed in gastric carcinomas and may have role in the oncogenesis. Wntless may be used as a new marker for pro-gression and metastasis of gastric carcinoma.

Establishment of a minimally invasive cardiac surgery programme in Singapore

Although minimally invasive cardiac surgery is available in Singapore, it is not widely practised. Local surgeons have pioneered and introduced technologies in Singapore that were launched in the West to address various heart pathologies. However, in spite of the possibilities, the unique position and function of Singapore in the region, the structure and dynamics of cardiothoracic surgery practice in government centres and private practice, and the overall small volume of patients in the country may pose limitations in the thriving and sharing of such new technologies. Herein, we give an account of our progress and accomplishments with regard to minimally invasive cardiac surgery in Singapore and indicate areas of improvement that have further potential for synergy and growth.

On the practice and discussion of research management model in general hospital / 中华医学科研管理杂志

In recent years,the state has a substantial increase in investment in Medical Research.The number of hospital-borne scientific research,funding amounts and types of projects is also increasing..Our hospital scientific management based oriented clinical needs,Construction Institute hospital as a work positioning,the whole process of quality management as the implementation of safeguards.Through a series of positive measures,gradually formed which are consistent with the management of the hospital research and development,and scientific research achievements into clinical practice.The research management changed from passive management model to proactively manage; from the emergency management to the whole process of managing; from the targeted management to guide the management of clinical needs.These measures effectively improve the level of scientific research in hospitals.

C13C4.5/Spinster, an evolutionarily conserved protein that regulates fertility in C. elegans through a lysosome-mediated lipid metabolism process

Lipid droplets, which are conserved across almost all species, are cytoplasmic organelles used to store neutral lipids. Identification of lipid droplet regulators will be conducive to resolving obesity and other fat-associated diseases. In this paper, we selected 11 candidates that might be associated with lipid metabolism in Caenorhabditis elegans. Using a BODIPY 493/503-based flow cytometry screen, 6 negative and 3 positive regulators of fat content were identified. We selected one negative regulator of lipid content, C13C4.5, for future study. C13C4.5 was mainly expressed in the worm intestine. We found that this gene was important for maintaining the metabolism of lipid droplets. Biochemical results revealed that 50% of triacylglycerol (TAG) was lost in C13C4.5 knockout worms. Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) signals in C13C4.5 mutants showed only 49.6% of the fat content in the proximal intestinal region and 86.3% in the distal intestinal region compared with wild type animals. The mean values of lipid droplet size and intensity in C13C4.5 knockout animals were found to be significantly decreased compared with those in wild type worms. The LMP-1-labeled membrane structures in worm intestines were also enlarged in C13C4.5 mutant animals. Finally, fertility defects were found in C13C4.5(ok2087) mutants. Taken together, these results indicate that C13C4.5 may regulate the fertility of C. elegans by changing the size and fat content of lipid droplets by interfering with lysosomal morphology and function.

Ultrafast, accurate, and robust localization of anisotropic dipoles

The resolution of single molecule localization imaging techniques largely depends on the precision of localization algorithms. However, the commonly used Gaussian function is not appropriate for anisotropic dipoles because it is not the true point spread function. We derived the theoretical point spread function of tilted dipoles with restricted mobility and developed an algorithm based on an artificial neural network for estimating the localization, orientation and mobility of individual dipoles. Compared with fitting-based methods, our algorithm demonstrated ultrafast speed and higher accuracy, reduced sensitivity to defocusing, strong robustness and adaptability, making it an optimal choice for both two-dimensional and three-dimensional super-resolution imaging analysis.

Study on preparation and thermosensitive release property of composite phospholipid liposomes containing total alkaloids from Strychnos nux-vomica / 中国中药杂志

To prepare composite phospholipid liposomes containing total alkaloids of Strychnos nux-vomica with hydrogenated soybean phosphatidylcholine (HSPC) and 1, 2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphacholine (DPPC), and compare with normal DPPC thermosensitive liposomes for thermosensitive release property. Total alkaloids were extracted from S. nux-vomica with the impregnation method and further purified. Liposomes containing total alkaloids, thermosensitive liposomes and conventional thermosensitive liposomes without thermosensitive release property were prepared by ammonium sulfate transmembrane gradients and stealth liposome technique. Their encapsulation efficiency (EE), grain size, zeta potential and drug release behavior were compared. Their EEs and zeta potentials were almost identical; but the grain sizes of composite phospholipid liposomes and thermosensitive liposomes were significantly smaller than conventional liposomes. After comparing release behaviors of the three liposomes at 37, 43 degrees C, we found that the release of composite phospholipid liposomes was significantly lower than that of thermosensitive liposomes at 37 degrees C, but higher than that of thermosensitive liposomes at 43 degrees C. Meanwhile, conventional liposomes, with a very high phase-transition temperature, showed only slight release behavior at both temperatures. The study results showed that composite phospholipid liposomes had a better thermosensitive release behavior when the dosage of lysophosphatidic was reduced by 2. 5 times.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of diagnosis and treatment of airway hyperresponsiveness in children after mycoplasma pneumonia / 第二军医大学学报

Objective To compare the cost-effectiveness of montelukast and salbutamal for the treatment of children with airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) after mycoplasma pneumoniae(MPP). Methods A total of 374 children with pneumonia during Oct. 2007 to Oct. 2008 were observed, and 185 of them had mycoplasma infection (four-fold or greater rise by paired serum sample or higher than 1 : 160 by a single serum sample). Of the 185 patients 118 complicated with AHR were included for cost-effectiveness analysis. They were divided into three groups, namely, routine treatment (group A), routine treatment plus salbutamal (group B), routine treatment plus montelukast (group C). The incidence, duration and alleviating time of stimulating cough and hospital stay were observed in the three groups. The peak expiratory flow (PEF) was also determined. Cost- effectiveness analysis was performed using the costs of the first class second level hospital in Shanghai. Results The incidence of AHR was 63. 8% in children with mycoplasma infection pneumonia in our group. Montelukast and salbutamal shortened the course of stimulating cough compared with group A. Cost-effectiveness analysis revealed that the cost of salbutamal was less than that of montelukast, with the cost-effectiveness ratio being 0. 86(P<0. 05). Conclusion Salbutamal is more cost-effective than montelukast for MPP children without other complications, which is a valuable information for clinicians.

Expression of transcription factor Pokemon in non-small cell lung cancer and its clinical significance / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Transcription factor Pokemon, a central regulation gene of the important tumor suppressor ARF gene, exerted its activity by acting upstream of many tumor-suppressing genes and proto-oncogenes. Its expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its clinical significance remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of Pokemon in NSCLC and to explore its correlation with the clinical pathological characteristics and its influence on patients' prognosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty-five cases of NSCLC were involved in this study. The expression of Pokemon in the tumor tissue, the corresponding tumor adjacent tissue and the surrounding tissue was detected via reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting, with the aim of investigating the correlation between the expression of Pokemon in tumor tissue of NSCLC and its clinical pathological characteristics. Moreover, a prognostic analysis was carried out based upon the immunohistochemical (IHC) detection of the expression of Pokemon gene in archival tumor specimens (5 years ago) of 62 cases of NSCLC.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Statistical significance of the expression of Pokemon mRNA and protein was determined in the tumor tissue, the tumor adjacent tissue and the surrounding tissue (P<0.05). The expression of Pokemon was determined not to be associated with the patients' sex, age, smoking condition, tumor differentiation degree, histology and lymph node metastasis condition. However, its relationship with TNM staging was established (P<0.05). Furthermore, it was shown that the survival rate of patients with negative Pokemon expression was significantly higher than that of those with positive Pokemon expression (P=0.004), therefore, the expression of Pokemon is believed to be an independent factor affecting prognosis (P=0.034).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Pokemon was over-expressed in NSCLC tissue and the expression of Pokemon might be of clinical significance in non-small cell lung cancer prognostic evaluation.</p>

Imaging and pathological features of gastrointestinal stromal tumors / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the imaging features and pathological manifestations of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The imaging characteristics and pathological manifestations of 26 surgically treated patients with histologically confirmed GISTs were retrospectively analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The tumors were found to originate from the small bowel (n=10), stomach (n=8), colon (n=6), mesentery (n=1) and omentum (n=1). The imaging and pathological features of GISTs were (1) most of GISTs were well-defined and exophytic (n=19, 73.1% ), which usually compressed the adjacent tissues but no invasion. The tumor diameter ranged from 5.1 to 23.5 cm with a mean diameter of 11.6 +/- 5.9 cm, (2)most tumors had an inhomogenous density or signal intensity due to necrosis(n=21, 80.8%), hemorrhage (n=15, 57.7%) or calcification (n=3, 11.5%) within the tumor, (3) on the CT or MR images, heterogeneous enhancement pattern presented as peripheral or intra-tumor patchy enhancement was common (n=21, 80.8%). Furthermore, enhanced striped vessels were seen in 12 patients. However, homogenous enhancement pattern was rare (n=5, 19.2%), (4) the most common site where GIST metastasized to was the liver (n=7), followed by the peritoneum (n=4), but rarely to lymph nodes, (5) of these 26 patients, spindle-cell type was observed in 69.2% (n=18), epithelioid-cell type in 23.1% (n=6), and mixed cell type in 7.7% (n=2). Immunohistochemical studies showed positive CD117 expression in all of these 26 patients, but positive CD34 expression in only 22 patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Gastrointestinal stromal tumor usually presents as a exophytic, well-defined large tumor, with internal striped vessels, necrosis or hemorrhage within. It usually metastasizes to the liver or the peritoneum but rarely to lymph nodes. Pathologically, most of gastrointestinal stromal tumors consist of spindle-cells, while a small portion of the tumors are composed of epithelioid-cells or mixed ones. Both CT and MRI play an important role in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumors.</p>

Primary breast lymphoma: a pooled analysis of prognostic factors and survival in 93 cases

Primary breast lymphoma is a rare disease. The small number of patients and the paucity of data make large-series studies difficult. We conducted a pooled analysis to evaluate the treatment outcome and prognostic factors in patients with primary breast lymphoma. In a search of PUBMED and MEDLINE we found 7 observational studies with 93 patients that were eligible for inclusion. Treatments included single therapy or combined surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. We analyzed the correlation between treatment protocols, tumor relapse and survival. Histopathology and cancer stage were analyzed to evaluate their significance in treatment outcome. All 93 patients were female, with a mean age of 57 years. The histopathology of 63 patients [68%] was diffuse large cell lymphoma. According to Ann Arbor classification, 57% were stage I, 23% were stage II, 4% were stage III, and 16% were stage IV. Thirteen percent received surgery alone, 27% received chemotherapy alone, 7% received radiotherapy alone, 10% received surgery and chemotherapy, 10% received surgery and radiotherapy, 22% received chemotherapy and radiotherapy, and 11% received surgery combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. With a median follow-up duration of 34 months [mean, 53 months], 48% had relapse of disease, 50% had no relapse, while 2% had disease progression. The mean time to first tumor relapse after treatment was 20 months. The 3-year and 5-year overall survival rates were 70% and 56%, respectively. Radiotherapy was a significant prognostic factor predicting tumor relapse [P=0.044]. Tumor stage was a significant prognostic factor affecting overall survival, disease-free survival and disease-specific survival [P=0.0231, 0.0015, 0.0124, respectively]. With a 3-year overall survival rate of 70%, the high relapse rate of 48% is a cause for concern. Patients who received chemotherapy and radiotherapy had better survival outcome and a lower relapse rate. We suggest that chemotherapy and radiotherapy be the initial treatment for patients with primary breast lymphoma

Thoracoscopic Loop Ligation for Spontaneous Pneumothorax:Report of 90 Cases / 中国微创外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for loop ligation in patients with spontaneous pneumothorax.Methods From April 2004 to December 2006,90 consecutive cases of spontaneous pneumothorax were subjected to video-assisted thoracoscopic surgeries for loop ligation in our department.The pulmonary bullae of the patients(

Role of Video-assisted Thoracic Surgery in management of Penetrating Thoracoabdominal Injuries / 中国微创外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the value of video-assisted thoracic surgery(VATS)for penetrating thoracoabdominal injuries.Methods Under general anaesthesia and double-lumen tracheal intubation,VATS was carried out to examine patients with chest injuries.Those who had mild injuries received VATS combined with mini-incision surgery.Electrocoagulation or suturing was employed to control intraoperative bleeding,and then blood clots were removed.Injured diaphragm muscles were repaired,and organs with hemorrhage or ruptures were sutured or resected.The seriously injured cases underwent open surgery and intra-abdominal exploration instead.Results A total of 18 patients received the operations.Among them,15 patients underwent VATS combined with mini-incision surgery(repair of the diaphragm was performed on 15,controlling intercostal arterial bleeding on 8,repair of the lung on 2,wedge resection of the lung on 2,and coagulated hemothorax removal on 2),the other 3 were converted to open surgery for repairing the diaphragm(3),heart(1),or esophagus(1),or lobectomy(2).Abdominal surgery via the thorax were performed on 13 cases,including repair of the liver in 1,lienectomy in 1,gastrorrhaphy in 1,repair of diaphragmatic hernia in 3,and intra-abdominal exploration in 7.Five patients received open surgery(pancreatic neoplasty in 1,repair of the liver in 1,lienectomy in 1,gastrorrhaphy in 2,and repair of the caul and mesenterium in 3).One patient who had multi-organ penetrating injuries died of hemorrhagic shock,circulatory failure,and DIC after open thoracic and abdominal surgeries.The mean operation time in this series was(125?44)minutes(ranged from 45 to 220),and the mean blood loss was(1089?582)ml(500 to 10 000 ml).Twenty-four hours after the operation,the mean volume of chest drainage was(234?75)ml(100 to 350 ml)in the first 24 hours after the operation.The chest drainage tube was withdrawn 2.5(2 to 5)days postoperation.The patients expelled gas in 1 to 4 days(mean,2 days).Totally,12 patients were followed up for 3 to 12 months(mean,6 months),during which none of them had trauma-related complications.Conclusion VATS combined with mini-incision surgery is safe and effective for patients with thoracoabdominal injuries,if the cases were carefully selected.

Cholesterol concentrations in cord blood of newborn infants / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant disease with an estimated worldwide prevalence of 0.2%. It is caused by a multitude of low density lipoprotein receptor gene mutations. It is characterized with high levels of total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and a high incidence of coronary artery disease in young adults. Cord blood cholesterol concentration is used for mass screening of FH. The purpose of this study was to detect the lipid levels of cord blood in newborn infants from China and to determine the cut-off point after 1 to 2 years follow-up.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>TC, triglycerides (TG), LDL-C and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were determined in 242 healthy full-term newborn infants.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The mean values of TC, TG, LDL-C and HDL-C in cord blood were (1.69 +/- 0.40) mmol/L, (0.23 +/- 0.12) mmol/L, (0.81 +/- 0.21) mmol/L and (0.58 +/- 0.16) mmol/L (mean +/- standard deviation), respectively. The HDL-C concentration in male neonates was lower than that in female neonates (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>After the follow-up of 1 to 2 years for FH, the recommended screening cut-off points were TC > or = 2.47 mmol/L and LDL-C > or = 0.89 mmol/L.</p>

Modulation of isoflavones on bone-nodule formation in rat calvaria osteoblasts in vitro / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the effects of two main isoflavones, daidzein and genistein on the bone-nodule formation in rat calvaria osteoblasts in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Osteoblasts obtained from newborn Sprague-dawley rat calvaria were cultured for several generations. The second generation cells were cultured in Minimum Essential Medium supplemented with ascorbic acid and Na-beta-glycerophosphate for several days, in the presence of daidzein and genistein, with or without the estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 182780. Number of nodules was counted at the end of the incubation period (day 20) by staining with Alizarin Red S calcium stain. The release of osteocalcin, as a marker of osteoblast activity, was also determined on day 7 and day 12 during the incubation period.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the control, the numbers of nodules were both increased by incubation with daidzein and genistein. 17 beta-estradiol was used as a positive control and proved to be a more effective inducer of the increase in bone-nodules formation that daidzein and genistein. The release of osteocalcin into culture media was also increased in the presence of daidzein and genistein, as well as 17 beta-estradiol on day 7 and day 12 (day 12 were higher). The estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 182780 completely blocked the genistein- and 17 beta-estradiol-induced increase of nodule numbers and osteocalcin release in osteoblasts. However, the effects induced by daidzein could not be inhibited by ICI 182780.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>These findings suggest that geinistein can stimulate bone-nodule formation and increase the release of osteocalcin in rat osteoblasts. The effects, like those induced by 17 beta-estradiol, are mediated by the estrogen receptor dependent pathway. Daidzein also can stimulate bone-nodule formation and increase the release of osteocalcin in rat osteoblasts, but it is not, at least not merely, mediated by the estrogen receptor dependent pathway.</p>