Effects of Reduced Plantar Cutaneous Sensation on Static Postural the Kinematic Strategy Control in Individuals with or without Chronic Ankle Instability / 대한스포츠의학회지

PURPOSE: To investigate the alteration of lower extremity movement during maintaining balance test with their eyes closed in chronic ankle instability (CAI) patients compared to healthy group with and without plantar cutaneous sensation. METHODS: Ten healthy volunteers (age, 23.40±2.22 years; height, 165.42±6.67 cm; weight, 60.93±13.42 kg) and 10 CAI patients (age, 23.90±2.56 years; height, 166.89±10.50 cm; weight, 67.43±12.96 kg), were recruited. Subjects immersed both feet in an ice water for 10 minutes and performed three trials of a single-leg stance balance test with their eyes closed while standing on a force plate for 10 seconds. RESULTS: CAI group showed increased knee flexion, reduced knee external rotation, and hip internal rotation compared to the healthy group from single-limb stance with eyes closed after diminished plantar cutaneous sensation. However, there was no significant interaction between group and time. CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that the postural kinematic analyses revealed that individuals with CAI used different strategy of controlling their lower extremities, which alters transverse plane motion of hip and knee compared to the healthy group in order to compensate for their ankle deficits after freezing the plantar cutaneous.

Injuries and Illnesses of Korean Athletes during the Almaty Winter Universiade Games 2017 / 대한스포츠의학회지

PURPOSE: This study aimed to describe the pattern of injuries and illnesses among Korean athletes during the Almaty Winter Universiade 2017. METHODS: All medical staffs of Korean team recorded the daily occurrence of injuries and illnesses sustained during the Almaty Winter Universiade Games by using a standardized online form via kociss.com. The design of this study was a prospective study. RESULTS: In total, 98 athletes (68 men and 30 women) in 11 sports events from Korean Sport Olympic Committee participated in this study. Korean medical staffs reported 40 injuries (40.8%) and 26 illnesses (26.5%), equaling incidences of 6.3 injuries and 4.1 illnesses per 100 athletes. Men suffered more injury and illness than women (44.1% vs. 33.3%). The rate of Injury and illness in training was higher than the competition (13.3 vs. 2.0 athlete exposures). The risk of an athlete being injured was the highest in freestyle skiing, followed by snowboard and speed skating. Overall, the main common type and location of injury was the joint or ligaments sprain (13.3%) and knee (7.1%). The rate of main illness was 17.3% of the respiratory system with the main symptom of pain and the main cause of environment (22.4%). CONCLUSION: Injuries and illnesses occurred 40.8% and 26.5% during this winter game, and were higher during training than a competition. Based on the epidemiologic data of this study, it could provide the source for the injury prevention and improving the performance of the athlete and further develop scientific injury and illness surveillance systems.

Analysis on Structural Variation and Disability Index of Spinal-Pelvic in the High School Students with Low Back Pain / 대한스포츠의학회지

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence rate of low back pain (LBP) in the high school students and to analyze the differences and correlations with the spinal-pelvic structural variations and disability index with LBP. The subjects are 499 high school students (236 males, 263 females: mean age, 16.38 years). They were assessed for LBP with the numerical rating scale (NRS) and for disability with the Korean version Oswestry disability index (KODI). All subjects were to take the plain radiographic examination for spinal-pelvic structural variations including thoracic, lumbar, thoracolumbar Cobb's angle, lumbar lordotic curve, sacral slope, pelvic tilt and pelvic incidence. All subjects were divided into two groups by NRS scores (0, 1=no/minimum pain group [NMP group], 2-10=low back pain group [LBP group]). The prevalence rate of LBP of all subjects was 56.7% (n=283). NRS and total KODI scores were higher in the LBP group (3.38 cm/11.83%) than NMP group (0.07 cm/2.74%) (p0.05). NRS had significantly positive correlation with KODI (p0.05). In conclusion, this study showed high prevalence rate of LBP in the high school students, but did not show significant correlations with the spinal-pelvic structural variations and disability index.

The Effects of an Exercise Program on Anthropometric, Metabolic, and Cardiovascular Parameters in Obese Children

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Obesity is a chronic disease that requires good eating habits and an active life style. Obesity may start in childhood and continue until adulthood. Severely obese children have complications such as diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension and atherosclerosis. The goal of this study was to determine the effects of exercise programs on anthropometric, metabolic, and cardiovascular parameters in obese children. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Fifty four obese children were included. Anthropometric data such as blood pressures, body mass index (BMI) and obesity index (OI) were measured. Blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), high sensitive-CRP (hs-CRP), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (BaPWV) and ankle brachial index (ABI) were measured. Physical fitness measurements were done. Obese children were divided into three groups: an aerobic exercise group (n=16), a combined exercise group (n=20), and a control group (n=18). Obese children exercised in each program for 10 weeks while those in the control group maintained their former lifestyle. After 10 weeks, anthropometric data and cardiovascular parameters were compared with the data obtained before the exercise program. RESULTS: LDL-C, waist circumference, and systolic blood pressure decreased significantly in the aerobic exercise group compared to the control group (p<0.05). Waist circumference and systolic blood pressure decreased significantly in the combined exercise group compared to controls (p<0.05). Physical fitness level increased significantly after the exercise programs (p<0.05 vs. control). PWV did not show a significant change after exercise. CONCLUSION: A short-term exercise program can play an important role in decreasing BMI, blood pressure, waist circumference, LDL-C and in improving physical fitness. Future investigations are now necessary to clarify the effectiveness of exercise on various parameters.

Removal of a Penile Metal Ring Using a Nelaton Catheter / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Penile incarceration is a serious disease that requires prompt intervention to prevent various complications. A 76-year-old male visited our emergency room complaining of penile swelling. The penile swelling had been caused by a metallic bearing placed at the base of the penis 7 days earlier. The ring had a 4.7cm outside diameter and 2.1cm internal diameter, with a thickness of 1.5cm. Because the swelling of penis distal to the constricting ring was so severe, removal of the ring was difficult. Several methods were attempted to remove the bearing, such as squeezing, aspiration and cutting with a steel saw, all of which were unsuccessful. A string method, with a Nelaton catheter, was then successfully used, which took just 5 minutes to remove the bearing. Mild abrasion of the penile skin was the only complication.

The Initial Experience of Intraprostatic Injection of Botulinum Toxin Type A for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Comparative Study of Short-term Effect with Transurethral Resection of Prostate / 대한비뇨기과학회지

PURPOSE: To retrospectively compare the results of botulinum toxin type A (BTA) with those of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) in the treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) and to evaluate the effect of BTA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The changes of symptom after BTA injection into prostate (BIP) and TURP in 26 patients treated with BIP and 81 patients treated with TURP were analysed retrospectively. All BPH-related medications were stopped immediately after BTA administration. To evaluate the effect of BIP, the parameters such as International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), quality of life (QoL), prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prostate volume, post-void residual urine and maximum flow rate were measured both before and 1 month after BIP. RESULTS: In both groups, IPSS and QoL were improved significantly after treatment, but the effectiveness of TURP was much superior to that of BIP. Among the patients with a prostate volume under 40ml, IPSS was improved by 27.5% in the BTA group and 38% in the TURP group. QoL was improved by 31.8% in the BTA group and 51% in the TURP group, but the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant. Among the patients with a prostate volume over 40ml, IPSS was improved by 24.7% in the BTA group and 47.6% in the TURP group. QoL was improved by 18.9% in the BTA group and 44.4% in the TURP group, and the difference was statistically significant between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Although both BIP and TURP significantly improved the clinical outcome, the latter was far superior to the former in improving voiding symptoms caused by BPH. However, BIP can be a new therapeutic option for patients with a small prostate volume or who want more minimally invasive treatment.

Nephron Sparing Surgery Using Expanded Polytetrafluoroethylene / 대한비뇨기과학회지

PURPOSE: Small renal masses and complex renal cysts are considered to have a nephron sparing surgery concomitant with that of a frozen biopsy. Nephron sparing surgery is accompanied by postoperative complications, even though techniques for a partial nephrectomy have been developed. Here, our experiences of a repairing method for a renal parenchymal defect after nephron sparing surgery for renal tumorous conditions, is reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 14 patients underwent nephron sparing surgeries for suspicious malignant renal solid and cystic masses. As a nephron sparing surgery, expanded polytetrafluoroethylene was performed in five renal cell carcinoma cases, six benign cystic lesions and one case each of the angiomyolipoma, renal arterial aneurysm and renal caliceal diverticulum. The operative merits of our technique in nephron sparing surgery and complications during postoperative follow-up were evaluated. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients and follow-up duration were 49.3 years, ranging from 35 to 66 years and 38.6 months, ranging from 22 to 53 months, respectively. This technique allowed a short kidney ischemic time, which resulted in well-preserved kidneys during follow-up. There was no local or regional recurrence of malignancy in renal cell carcinoma cases. No complications were observed in relation to the nephron sparing surgery or the use of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene. CONCLUSIONS: The use of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene to bolster the closure of a parenchymal defect is believed to allow a short ischemic time and a tight and hemostatic closure. Therefore, this technique can be primarily considered in nephron sparing surgery.

Comparative Study of Tension-free Vaginal Tape and Burch Colposuspension in the Surgical Management of Female Stress Urinary Incontinence / 대한산부인과학회잡지

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness, easiness, postoperative complications between tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) and Burch colposuspension (BC) in the surgical management of female genuine stress urinary incontinence. METHODS: A retrospective study of 77 cases with stress urinary incontinence at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Urology, Pochon CHA University Medical College from January 2000 to December 2002, followed up more than 6 months. All of 77 cases were above grade 2 genuine stress urinary incontinence, 37 cases were performed tension-free vaginal tape, 40 cases were performed Burch colposuspension. RESULTS: Cure rate was 91.4% in the tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) group, 90% in the Burch colposuspension group. The mean operative time for TVT was 23.4 minutes and for Burch colposuspension was 47.2 minutes. The mean hospital stay in TVT was 1.8 days and in Burch colposuspension was 5.2 days. The incidence and severity of postoperative complication is similar in both groups. CONCLUSION: The cure rates of TVT were comparable with Burch colposuspension in the surgical management of female genuine stress urinary incontinence. And the incidence and severity of postoperative complication is similar in both groups. Moreover TVT is simple procedure more than Burch colposuspension.

Comparative Study of Tension-free Vaginal Tape and Burch Colposuspension in the Surgical Management of Female Stress Urinary Incontinence / 대한산부인과학회잡지

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness, easiness, postoperative complications between tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) and Burch colposuspension (BC) in the surgical management of female genuine stress urinary incontinence. METHODS: A retrospective study of 77 cases with stress urinary incontinence at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Urology, Pochon CHA University Medical College from January 2000 to December 2002, followed up more than 6 months. All of 77 cases were above grade 2 genuine stress urinary incontinence, 37 cases were performed tension-free vaginal tape, 40 cases were performed Burch colposuspension. RESULTS: Cure rate was 91.4% in the tension-free vaginal tape (TVT) group, 90% in the Burch colposuspension group. The mean operative time for TVT was 23.4 minutes and for Burch colposuspension was 47.2 minutes. The mean hospital stay in TVT was 1.8 days and in Burch colposuspension was 5.2 days. The incidence and severity of postoperative complication is similar in both groups. CONCLUSION: The cure rates of TVT were comparable with Burch colposuspension in the surgical management of female genuine stress urinary incontinence. And the incidence and severity of postoperative complication is similar in both groups. Moreover TVT is simple procedure more than Burch colposuspension.

Comparison between Pubovaginal Sling Using Cadaveric Fascia Lata and Tension-free Vaginal Tape Procedure for the Treatment of Female Stress Urinary Incontinence / 대한비뇨기과학회지

PURPOSE: Sling procedure has been performed mainly for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in women because of its simplicity and good outcome. We compared the efficacy of pubovaginal sling using cadaveric fascia lata with tension-free vaginal tape(TVT) procedure. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between May 2000 and January 2003, 96 patients with SUI who had undergone sling procedure were analyzed. We compared 45 women treated with pubovaginal sling using cadaveric fascia lata(Group A) to 51 women treated with TVT procedure(Group B). All patients were evaluated preoperatively with detailed history, pelvic examination, urinalysis, voiding diary, urodynamic study, pad test, Q-tip test, transperineal ultrasound, and cystoscopy. Parameters of comparison included operation time, mode of anesthesia, duration of catheterization, length of hospital stay, postoperative presence of urgency, success rate by satisfaction, and complication. RESULTS: In group A, 33 patients(73.3%) were cured and 9(20.0%) showed improvement within a mean follow-up of 1.3 years, whereas in group B, 35 patients(68.7%) were cured and 12(23.5%) showed improvement within 1.5 years. Complications developed in 7 patients(15.6%) in group A and 7(13.7%) in group B. CONCLUSIONS: Both procedures are equally effective surgical treatments for SUI in women. However, long-term follow-up is necessary to determine the endurance of good results.

Endodermal Sinus Tumor from Intraabdominal Undescended Testis in Adult / 대한비뇨기과학회지

Cryptorchidism is a well-known and accepted risk factor for malignant germ cell tumors. Orchiopexy does not reduce the risk of testicular tumor. However, nonseminomas arising in the undescended testes are uncommon, and most of these tumors are in the advanced stage at diagnoses. In addition, an endodermal sinus tumor from an undescended testicle in adults has been reported to be quite rare. The management of these tumors is similar to the therapy for a testicular tumor in normally descended testis. Here we report a case of 27-year-old man who had a giant endodermal sinus tumor arising in the left intraabdominal undescended testis, which was successfully treated with an en bloc excision and EP (etoposide and cisplatin) chemotherapy. The patient has been free of recurrence for 15 months after surgery.