Mechanism of cytotoxic T lymphocyte－derived exosomes inhibiting hepatic stellate cell activation / 临床肝胆病杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate whether cytotoxic T lymphocyte （CTL）－derived exosomes can downregulate HBx expression and inhibit hepatic stellate cell （HSC） activation. MethodsThe supernatants of HepG2， HepGA14， and CTL cells were collected to extract exosomes， which were referred to as NC－exo， HBV－exo， and CTL－exo， respectively）. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe their morphology， and Western Blot was used to measure the expression of the markers of exosomes CD63 and TSG101. NC－exo， HBV－exo， and CTL－exo labeled by BODIPY dye were mixed with HBV－exo at different ratios and were then co－cultured with HSC LX－2 （HSC－LX2）. A fluorescence microscope was used to observe whether exosomes could enter LX－2 cells， and an fluorescence microscope was used to observe cell morphological changes； quantitative real－time PCR （qPCR） was used to measure the expression of the activated biomarkers such as transforming growth factor－β1 （TGF－β1）， ɑ－smooth muscle actin （ɑ－SMA）， and collagen type I （Collagen I） in LX－2 cells. CTL－exo was added to the HepGA14 culture system； then qPCR was used to measure the mRNA expression level of HBV DNA， cccDNA， and HBx in exosomes in HepGA14 cells， and Western Blot was used to measure the protein expression level of HBx in exosomes. The t-test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups； a one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison between multiple groups， and the least significant difference t-test was used for further comparison between two groups. ResultsThe exosomes were all microcysts with a double－layer membrane structure and were circular or elliptical in shape， with the expression of the signature proteins CD63 and TSG101， and the vesicles had a diameter of 50－100 nm. The fluorescence microscope showed that exosomes could enter LX－2 cells， and HSC were enlarged with extended cell processes. The results of qPCR showed that there were significant differences in the expression levels of TGF－β1， ɑ－SMA， and Collagen I genes between the NC－exo， HBV－exo， NC－exo+HBV－exo， and Con groups （F=444.678， 417.144， and 571.508， all P<0.05）. After the intervention of HepGA14 cells with CTL－exo， qPCR results showed that compared with the control group， there were significant reductions in the expression levels of HBV DNA and cccDNA in HepGA14 cells （all P<0.05）， the relative mRNA expression level of HBx in exosomes （P<0.05）， and the protein expression level of HBx （P<0.05）. CTL－exo and HBV－exo were mixed at different ratios （2∶1， 5∶1， 10∶1） and were then used for the intervention of LX－2 cells， and qPCR results showed that the expression levels of TGF－β1， ɑ－SMA， and Collagen I genes in LX－2 cells gradually decreased with the increase in the ratio of CTL－exo between groups （P<0.05）. ConclusionCTL－exo can downregulate the protein expression of HBx in HBV－exo to inhibit HSC activation， suggesting that CTL－exo has an anti－hepatitis B liver fibrosis effect.

Label-free target discovery technology of small molecule drug and its application in traditional Chinese medicines / 药学学报

The discovery of drug targets plays a crucial role in drug research. Accurate information of small molecule drug-protein interaction can be provided by label-free target discovery technology without any structural modification at the small molecule. So, the label-free drug target discovery technology had become the powerful tool to discover the targets of drugs. Due to the “multi-component and multi-target” characteristics of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), the research on its targets and mechanism had been restricted. Based on potential of the label-free target discovery technology in the research of TCMs, this paper summarized the label-free target discovery technology and its application in TCMs research. It will provide a reference for the discovery of targets of TCMs and a new view for promoting the modernization of TCMs.

Research Advances of Immunotherapy for Follicular Lymphoma --Review / 中国实验血液学杂志

Follicular lymphoma is an indolent malignant tumor originating from lymph nodes and lymphoid tissues, which may affect the patients' quality of survival due to the recurrence and progression. In recent years, with the deepening understand of the molecular biology and signaling pathways, many new targeted drugs for follicular lymphoma have been discovered, such as monoclonal antibodies, checkpoint inhibitors, epigenetic regulation related targeted therapies and signaling pathway inhibitors. In this review, the new progress of immunotherapy for follicular lymphoma is summarized briefly.

Clinical Significance of EBV-DNA Copy Number in EBV Positive Lymphoma Patients / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of EBV-DNA copy number on the prognosis of patients with EBV positive lymphoma.@*METHODS@#Clinical data of 109 patients diagnosed as EBV positive lymphoma in Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from January 2010 to January 2020 were enrolled and analyzed retrospectively. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used for survival analysis, Log-rank was used to compare the clinical characteristics between the patients in different groups, and Cox regression was used for multivariate analysis.@*RESULTS@#Among the 109 patients with EBV-positive lymphoma, the medium age were 56 (range 15 to 83) years old. 29 patients at Ann Arbor stage I-II while 80 patients at stage III-IV. The average value of EBV-DNA was 1 023 510 IU/ml, 7 patients were higher than the average value, while 102 patients were lower. KM survival analysis showed that OS and PFS in patients with EBV-DNA above average level were shorter than those in patients with EBV-DNA below average level (OS: P=0.048, PFS: P=0.001), EBV-DNA copy number was a factor affecting the prognosis of patients. In addition, LDH level showed positive correlation with EBV-DNA copy number (r=0.650), which was also one of the factors affecting OS (P=0.053).@*CONCLUSION@#EBV-DNA copy number and LDH level can influence the prognosis of EBV positive lymphoma patients. Therefore, detection of EBV-DNA copy number in peripheral blood is important for evaluate the prognosis the patients.

Research Progression of Subcutaneous Panniculitis-like T-Cell Lymphoma--Review / 中国实验血液学杂志

Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (SPTCL) is a very rare cutaneous malignant lymphoma derived from cytotoxic T cells that mainly involves subcutaneous adipose tissue rather than epidermis and dermis. It usually occurs in young and middle-aged population, and the etiology is currently unclear. Clinically, SPTCL is characterized by subcutaneous plaques, nodules, and skin ulcers with swell and ache, mainly presenting in limbs and trunk. SPTCL has been restricted to cases that express α/β phenotype, whereas cases with γ/δ phenotype are categorized to cutaneous γ/δ

Association between serum trace elements and dyslipidemia： a community-based cross-sectional study / 上海预防医学

Objective:To investigate the association between serum trace elements and dyslipidemia in Pudong New Area. Methods:A community-based cross-sectional study was carried out. A stratified， cluster sampling approach was used for sampling. In total 1 814 community residents aged above 35 years old were recruited in Pudong New Area， Shanghai. A face-to-face investigation was conducted and blood samples were collected. Serum levels of 16 trace elements， including boron， vanadium， chromium， manganese， iron， cobalt， nickel， copper， zinc， arsenic， selenium， strontium， molybdenum， tin， antimony， and barium were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （ICP-MS）. The relationship between serum trace elements and dyslipidemia was analyzed with single and multiple Logistic regression models. Results:Prevalence of dyslipidemia is higher among participants of more than 45 years old with high BMI， hypertension or diabetes．Serum iron leveled the highest， followed by copper， zinc， selenium， strontium， boron and other trace elements. After adjusting for potential confounders， the odds ratios of dyslipidemia associated with the highest quartile of trace elements concentrations were 1.41 （95%CI： 1.12-1.78）， 0.77 （95%CI： 0.61-0.96）， 1.65 （95%CI： 1.31-2.09）， 1.27 （95%CI： 1.02-1.58）， and 1.32 （95%CI： 1.06-1.66） for chromium， cobalt， zinc， arsenic， and tin， respectively， compared with that associated with the other three quartiles. Conclusion:Some serum trace elements are potentially associated with dyslipidemia in community residents.

Association between sleep quality and risk of acute exacerbation of mild and moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease： a community-based prospective study / 上海预防医学

Objective:To investigate the association between sleep quality and the risk of acute exacerbation in mild and moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） patients in Pudong New Area of Shanghai. Methods:This was a prospective study involving eligible mild and moderate COPD patients from 10 communities randomly selected in Pudong New District of Shanghai. A structured questionnaire was used to collect demographic characteristics， clinical information and information on acute exacerbation. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI） in Chinese. Multiple negative binomial regression was used to estimate the association between sleep quality and risk of exacerbation. Results:Altogether 212 mild/moderate COPD patients participated and completed the entire survey， of whom the majority （95.8%） were mild COPD patients， 110 persons female and over half （54.2%） over 65 years old. 32.9% of the patients had poorer sleep quality at baseline. 18.9% of the patients reported exacerbation over the past year during follow-ups. Multiple negative binomial regression suggested that increased PSQI was related to higher risk of exacerbation （RRad=1.12， 95%CI：1.02-1.24）， and patients with poorer sleep efficiency had a higher risk of exacerbation （RRad=1.66， 95%CI：1.17-5.43）. Conclusion:Poorer sleep quality is associated with a higher risk of exacerbation in community mild/moderate COPD patients， especially in those with problem of sleep efficiency. More attention to sleep disorders is warranted in community management or self-management of patients with COPD.

The effect of vitamin D on sperm motility and the underlying mechanism / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Vitamin D deficiency is a common health issue around the world. We therefore evaluated the associations of semen quality with both serum and seminal plasma vitamin D levels and studied the mechanisms underlying these by incubating spermatozoa with 1,25(OH)2D In vitro. Two hundred and twenty-two men were included in our study. Vitamin D was detected using an electrochemiluminescence method. Spermatozoa used for In vitro experiments were isolated by density gradient centrifugation. Positive relationships of serum 25(OH)D with semen volume and seminal plasma fructose were identified. Seminal plasma 25(OH)D level showed no relationship with serum 25(OH)D level, while it was inversely associated with sperm concentration and positively correlated with semen volume and sperm kinetic values. In vitro, sperm kinetic parameters increased after incubation with 1,25(OH)2D, especially upon incubation for 30 min with it at a concentration of 0.1 nmol l-1. Under these incubation conditions, the upward migration of spermatozoa increased remarkably with increasing adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentration. The concentration of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and the activity of protein kinase A (PKA) were both elevated, and the PKA inhibitor, N-[2-(p-Bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide dihydrochloride (H89) reversed the increase of ATP production. The concentrations of cytoplasmic calcium ions and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) were both enhanced, while mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) inhibitor, Ruthenium 360 (Ru360) did not reverse the increase of ATP production. Therefore, seminal plasma vitamin D may be involved in regulating sperm motility, and 1,25(OH)2D may enhance sperm motility by promoting the synthesis of ATP both through the cAMP/PKA pathway and the increase in intracellular calcium ions.

Effects of B7-2 gene RNAi lentiviral vector on dendritic cells and T lymphocytes proliferation induced by dendritic cells in vitro / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective: To generate mouse B7-2 gene RNAi lentivirus and study its interference effects on B7-2 expression and T lymphocytes proliferation induced by dendritic cells. Methods: Three sequences specific targeting B7-2 gene and one non-specific sequence were respectively synthesized, and inserted into lentiviral vector, then the recombinant vectors were sequencing. 293 T cells were co-transfected with lentiviral expression plasmid and packaging plasmids to produce recombinant lentivirus which titre was checked according to the expression level of green fluorescent protein ( GFP). Bone marrow cells from C57 BL/6 mice were isolated to differentiate into DCs at the present of GM-CSF, IL-4 and LPS for 48 h, then morphology and phenotypic was identified. DCs were infected by recombinant RNAi lentivirus and then the efficiency of infection and the expression of B7-2 on the surface of DCs were detected by flow cytometry. Effects on the proliferation of T cells were detected by co-culturing with DCs which were infected by B7-2 RNAi lentivirus and murine spleen T cells in vitro. Results: DNA sequencing confirmed that three B7-2 RNAi and one non-specific recombinant lentiviral transfer plasmids were successfully constructed, the titer of recombinant lentivirus was ( 2-4) × 108 TU/ml. The recombinant lentivirus could effectively infect DC and inhibit the expression of B7-2. After the B7-2 recombinant lentivirus infection, the ability of DCs to stimulate the proliferation of T cells decreased obviously ( P＜0. 05). Conclusion: The lentiviral B7-2 gene RNAi vector can effectively silence the expression of B7-2 on the surface of DCs and inhibit the proliferation effect of T cells induced by DCs.

Acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: usual interstitial pneumonitis vs. possible usual interstitial pneumonitis pattern / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Background@#The prognosis of acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (AE-IPF) is very poor with a high mortality. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical features and survival of patients with AE-IPF with usual pulmonary fibrosis (UIP) and possible UIP (P-UIP) pattern on chest high resolution computed tomography (HRCT).@*Methods@#This retrospective study included 107 patients with AE-IPF admitted to Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from January 2010 to December 2016. The subjects were divided into UIP (n = 86) and P-UIP group (n = 21) based on chest HRCT. Continuous variables were analyzed using Student’s t test or Mann-Whitney U test. Categorical variables were analyzed using χ2 test. Log-rank test was used for the survival analysis. Cox proportional models evaluated the risk factors for AE occurrence and survival.@*Results@#The male, older patients, previous N-acetylcysteine use, elevated white blood cell (WBC) counts, and microbiology infection were more common in the UIP group than the P-UIP group (χ2= 13.567, P < 0.001; z = -2.936, P = 0.003; χ2 = 5.901, P = 0.015; t = 2.048, P = 0.043; χ2 = 10.297, P = 0.036, respectively). The percentage of AE with UIP pattern in idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) was significantly higher than P-UIP pattern (χ2 = 40.011, P < 0.001). Smoking was the risk factor for AE within 6 months after IPF diagnosis in the UIP group. The cumulative proportion survival of 30-days was significantly higher in the UIP group compared with the P-UIP group (χ2 = 5.489, P = 0.019) despite of the similar overall survival in the two groups. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated WBC count, partial pressure of oxygen in artery (PaO2)/fractional concentration of inspired oxygen (FiO2), and computed tomography (CT) score were the independent predictors for survival in the UIP group (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.070, 95% confidential interval [CI]: 1.027-1.114, P = 0.001; HR: 0.992, 95% CI: 0.986–0.997, P = 0.002; and HR: 1.649, 95% CI: 1.253–2.171, P < 0.001, respectively).@*Conclusions@#AE occurrence of UIP patients in IIP was significantly more than P-UIP cases. The short-term survival was better in the UIP group despite of the similar overall survival in the two groups. WBC count, PaO2/FiO2, and CT score were the independent predictors for survival in UIP subjects.

Comparative study of clinical outcomes of robot versus laparoscopic radical surgery for rectal cancer based on propensity score matching / 中华外科杂志

Objective@#To compare the short-term and long-term outcomes of robotic rectectomy and laparoscopic rectectomy for rectal cancer based on propensity score matching.@*Methods@#The clinical data of 106 patients who underwent robotic or laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer at Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from January 2015 to December 2015 were retrospectively collected. Propensity score matching method was used to perform 1∶1 matching between robot and laparoscopic rectal cancer radical surgery. Thirty-two patients in robot group and 32 patients in laparoscopic group were successfully matched. There were 15 males and 17 females in the robotic group, aging (56.2±7.5) years, 19 males and 13 females in the laparoscopic group, aged (55.5±7.6) years. The clinical outcome of the two groups were compared using t-test or Mann-Whitney U test for continuous variables, repeated measures analysis of variance, χ2 test, Fisher exact test or Wilcoxon rank sum test for dichotomous variables. The overall survival curve was drawn by Kaplan-Meier curve and the difference of survival curve was compared by Log-rank method.@*Results@#The general data of the two groups of patients were comparable after matching. Sixty-four patients successfully completed robotic or laparoscopic operation without conversion to open surgery or perioperative death case. The total operative time, the lymph node namely No. 253 group dissection time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative urethral catheter retention time, the serum C-reactive protein levels of 24 hours after surgery were (135.7±12.1) minutes, (11.6±2.7) minutes, (66.8±10.2) ml, 3.0(1.0) d,(50.9±7.7) μg/L, respectively, while in laparoscopic group were (124.9±23.2) minutes, (13.2±2.7) minutes, (74.8±13.9) ml, 4.0(2.0) d, (55.9±6.7) μg/L respectively. The differences were statistically significant (t=2.341, t=-2.354, t=-2.621, Z=-2.743, F=7.902, respectively, P<0.05). There were no statistical differences in separation time, numbers of retrieved lymph nodes, time to first flatus, postoperative hospital stay, postoperative complication and Clavien-Dindo classification of postoperative complications (t=0.336, t=0.714, t=-0.568, Z=-1.766, Fisher Z=-0.586, respectively, all P>0.05).@*Conclusions@#Robotic surgery not only has similar safety and feasibility but also has advantages of short-term outcomes compared with laparoscopic rectectomy for rectal cancer. The long-term outcomes were similar between two groups.

Acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: usual interstitial pneumonitis vs. possible usual interstitial pneumonitis pattern / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#The prognosis of acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (AE-IPF) is very poor with a high mortality. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical features and survival of patients with AE-IPF with usual pulmonary fibrosis (UIP) and possible UIP (P-UIP) pattern on chest high resolution computed tomography (HRCT).@*METHODS@#This retrospective study included 107 patients with AE-IPF admitted to Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital from January 2010 to December 2016. The subjects were divided into UIP (n = 86) and P-UIP group (n = 21) based on chest HRCT. Continuous variables were analyzed using Student's t test or Mann-Whitney U test. Categorical variables were analyzed using χ test. Log-rank test was used for the survival analysis. Cox proportional models evaluated the risk factors for AE occurrence and survival.@*RESULTS@#The male, older patients, previous N-acetylcysteine use, elevated white blood cell (WBC) counts, and microbiology infection were more common in the UIP group than the P-UIP group (χ = 13.567, P < 0.001; z = -2.936, P = 0.003; χ = 5.901, P = 0.015; t = 2.048, P = 0.043; χ = 10.297, P = 0.036, respectively). The percentage of AE with UIP pattern in idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP) was significantly higher than P-UIP pattern (χ = 40.011, P < 0.001). Smoking was the risk factor for AE within 6 months after IPF diagnosis in the UIP group. The cumulative proportion survival of 30-days was significantly higher in the UIP group compared with the P-UIP group (χ = 5.489, P = 0.019) despite of the similar overall survival in the two groups. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated WBC count, partial pressure of oxygen in artery (PaO2)/fractional concentration of inspired oxygen (FiO2), and computed tomography (CT) score were the independent predictors for survival in the UIP group (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.070, 95% confidential interval [CI]: 1.027-1.114, P = 0.001; HR: 0.992, 95% CI: 0.986-0.997, P = 0.002; and HR: 1.649, 95% CI: 1.253-2.171, P < 0.001, respectively).@*CONCLUSIONS@#AE occurrence of UIP patients in IIP was significantly more than P-UIP cases. The short-term survival was better in the UIP group despite of the similar overall survival in the two groups. WBC count, PaO2/FiO2, and CT score were the independent predictors for survival in UIP subjects.

Effects of TGF-β1 on the expression and secretion of cytokines induced by Aβ in hippocampal neuron and microglia co-cultures / 中国应用生理学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the neuroprotective effects of transforming growth factor beta 1(TGF-β1) on the expression and secretion of cytokines induced by Aβ in hippocampal neurons and microglial co-cultures.@*METHODS@#Hippocampal neurons and microglia obtained from SD rat were co-cultured. TGF-β1 was applied on day 5 after the neurons and microglia co-cultures were incubated at the concentrations of 5 or 20 ng/ml, Aβ was added 1 h following TGF-β1 application at a concentration of 5 μmol/L. They were incubated for 72 h and then assessed for further studies. Western blot analyses were employed to examine the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS); Real-time PCR and ELISA were used to detect the mRNA expression and secretion of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1).@*RESULTS@#In the hippocampal neuron-microglia co-cultures, Aβ induced upregulation of iNOS, TNF-α and IL-1β, downregulation of IGF-1. TGF-β1 pretreatment ameliorated the pro-inflammatory effects caused by Aβ.@*CONCLUSIONS@#TGF-β1 significantly inhibits the increase in inflammatory cytokines and the decrease in neurotrophic factor which are caused by Aβ-induced microglia activation.

Recurrent low frequency sensorineural deafness / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Low frequency sensorineural deafness is a common subtype of idiopathic sudden deafness. Certain patients suffered recurrent attacks without vertigo, much alike Meniere's disease. Few of them developed into definite Meniere's disease during long-term follow-up in many clinical studies. Although the pathophysiology of recurrent low frequency deafness is yet unknown, the desease is considered associated with early state of endolymphatic hydrops or migraine. Otologists shall be aware of its clinical course and careful explanation is necessary at time of initial informed consent.

Acetylcholine suppresses microglial inflammatory response in rats via acting on microglial α7nAChR / 生理学报

Microglia are the main immune cells in the central nervous system. In the present study, the mechanism for acetylcholine (ACh) inhibiting microglial inflammatory response was investigated. Primary culture of microglia was isolated from cerebral cortex of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was used to activate the microglia to induce inflammatory response, and then the microglia were treated with ACh for 24 h. Protein expressions of several inflammatory factors, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) were detected by Western blot. Release of inflammatory factors and IGF-1 into media was detected by ELISA. After α7nAChR gene silence was achieved by lentivirus-transfection of α7nAChR-shRNA, the change of ACh effect was observed. The results showed that LPS induced microglial activation, up-regulated inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein expression, increased the expressions and release of IL-1β and TNF-α, and decreased the expression and release of the neurotrophic factor, IGF-1. ACh could reverse these effects of LPS. Meanwhile, LPS reduced the protein expression of α7nAChR on the microglial cells, whereas ACh could reverse the effect. Silencing of α7nAChR gene in microglia abolished the ability of ACh to inhibit LPS-induced inflammatory responses. These results suggest that ACh exerts its protection against LPS-induced microglial inflammation via acting on α7nAChR on microglia, which may provide a novel target for the treatment of neuro-inflammatory diseases.

Preparation of multifunctional nanoparticles targeting tongue cancer and in vitro study / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study aims to prepare docetaxel (DOC)-loaded multifunctional nanoparticles containing indocyanine green (ICG) and perfluorohexane (PFH) as targeted drug delivery system, which is supplemented with stromal cellderived factor-1 (SDF-1), and characterize their properties.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Multifunctional nanoparticles were prepared by using the double emulsion method. SDF-1 was covalently conjugated to the surface of the nanoparticles through thioether bonding. Their particle size, distribution, and surface potential were determined with the Malvern measuring instrument. The conjugation of SDF-1 was evaluated by confocal laser scanning microscope. Encapsulation efficiency (ELC), drug loading capacity (DLC), and release regularity of the nanoparticles were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). In vitro photothermal property was recorded by a thermal imager. The in vitro imaging capacity was observed by a photoacoustic instrument and an ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus. Targeting capability was assessed by flow cytometry. The cell activity on SCC-15 cells was checked by CCK-8 method.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The targeted multifunctional nanoparticles showed regularly sphericity. The diameter was (502.88±17.92) nm. The zeta potential was (-11.5±3.15) mV. ELC was 54.12%±1.74%. DLC was 1.08 mg·mL-1. In vitro drug release was initially fast and subsequently slow. The photothermal characteristics were related to the concentration; the higher the concentration, the higher the temperature. Nanoparticles could detect significant photoacoustic and ultrasound signals. The in vitro targeting rate was 89.99%. No significant differences of cell viability in the SINPs groups were observed at each concentration (P>0.05). The inhibition effect of DOC-SINPs was stronger than that of SINPs whether or not in the presence of laser irradiation among the groups of 150 and 200 μg·mL-1 (P<
0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Multifunctional nanoparticles for diagnosis and treatment were successfully prepared and displayed dualmode ultrasound/photoacoustic imaging and antitumor effects of chemotherapy and photothermal therapy.</p>

MicroRNA-520a-3p induces apoptosis in lung cancer stem cells via modulation of MAP3K2 / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Studies have confirmed that microRNA (miR)-520a-3p has a regulatory role in lung cancer stem cells, but the specific function and mechanism of action are still unknown.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of miR-520a-3p on the apoptosis of lung cancer stem cells, and to explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS: The magnetic activated cell sorting method was utilized to separate the CD133+lung cancer stem cells from the lung cancer A549 cell line. The expression of miR-520a-3p in the lung cancer stem cells was determined by the real-time PCR assay. Liposome transfection assay was used to up-regulate the miR-520a-3p expression level in the lung cancer stem cells, and flow cytometry assay was applied to detect the influence of miR-520a-3p expression on the apoptosis of the lung cancer stem cells. Moreover, the modulation of MAP3K2 gene by the miR-520a-3p was analyzed by the dual-luciferase reporter gene assay, and the influence of miR-520a-3p expression on the protein expression of MAP3K2, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 was analyzed by western blot assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The real-time PCR showed that the expression level of miR-520a-3p in CD133+lung cancer stem cells was significantly lower than that in the CD133- lung cancer cells (P < 0.05). Overexpression of miR-520a-3p significantly increased the apoptotic rate of CD133+lung cancer stem cells (P < 0.05). The dual-luciferase reporter gene assay results suggested that inhibition of miRNA-520a-3p could increase the luciferase activity of the reporter plasmids containing the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of MAP3K2 gene (P < 0.05), and overexpression of miR-520a-3p could decrease the luciferase activity of the reporter plasmids containing the 3'-UTR of MAP3K2 gene (P <0.05). Moreover, miR-520a-3p overexpression also decreased the protein levels of MAP3K2 and Bcl-2 in the CD133+lung cancer stem cells, P<0.05),and increased the Caspase-3 protein level(P<0.05).To conclude,in the lung cancer stem cells,miR-520a-3p was in a low-expressed status. miR-520a-3p could inhibit the expression of MAP3K2 gene, thereby inducing the cell apoptosis.

Comparison of the curative effect between delayed PCI and medical therapy on ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction / 天津医药

Objective To investigate and compare the curative effect between delayed percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for patients with acute myocardial infarction presenting 12-24 hours from symptom onset and medical therapy on acute myocardial infarction patients presenting with ST-segment elevation (STEMI). Methods Using a prospective,open,parallel,controlled research approach,186 patients with STEMI were divided into delayed PCI group(n=89),which received PCI within 12-24 hours after STEMI and medical therapy group(n=97),which received medical therapy after STEMI. All patients were followed up 1-6 months with average follow-up (5.6 ± 1.4) months. Data of hospitalization period, the cardiac structures detected by echocardiography such as left atrial diameter (LAD), left ventricular diastolic diameter(LVDd),left ventricular ejection fraction LVEF,left ventricular fractional shortening(LVFS),composite end point events and major adverse cardiac events(MACE)were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with medical therapy group, the hospitalization cycle was significantly shorter in delayed PCI group. Data of the LAD and LVDd were significantly decreased,but LVEF and LVFS were increased in delayed PCI group compared with those of medical therapy group at 30 d and 6-month follow-up. The incidence of MACE and composite end point events were significantly less in delayed PCI group than those of medical therapy group (P<0.05). Conclusion Delayed PCI treatment can decrease the time of hospital stay and decrease the incidence rates of MACE and composite end point events,and improve left ventricular function and prognosis of patients.

Clinical effect observation of pranoprofen combined with deproteinized calf blood extract eye drops for moderate to severe dry eye / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

·AIM: To explore clinical effect of pranoprofen combined with deproteinized calf blood extract eye drops for moderate to severe dry eye. ·METHODS: A total of 84 patients (132 eyes) who received treatment at the Zhengzhou Second Hospital were selected from January 2016 to January 2017. According to random number table method they were divided into control group 42 cases (68 eyes) and observation group 42 cases (64 eyes), the control group using polyvinyl alcohol eye drops with pranoprofen, observation group with pranoprofen with deproteinized extract of calf blood eye drops. Subjective and objective scores before and after treatment were recorded. · RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference on the four objective indicators of pretreatment FL,BUT,SⅠt,and vision between the two groups (P>0.05). Dry eye symptom scores of the two groups decreased after treatment,both with significantly different (P<0.05);after treatment,the symptom scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P< 0. 05), indicating that the subjective symptoms of the observation group were better than that of the control group after treatment. After treatment of the control group and the observation group,the FL index was significantly lower than before treatment, BUT, S Ⅰ t and vision were significantly higher than before treatment, and the differences within either group were statistically significant(P<0.05);those indexes of observation group were different compared with control group (P < 0. 05), indicating that the objective symptoms of the observation group were better than that of the control group after treatment. None of the patients showed serious adverse reactions. ·CONCLUSION: The clinical effect of praprofen on the treatment of moderate to severe dry eye with the deproteinized calf blood extract is better.

Analysis of characteristics of abnormal eating behaviors and potential needs in patients with Alzheimer's disease / 中华护理杂志

Objective To investigate characteristics of abnormal eating behaviors in patients with Alzheimer's disease and explore the potential needs of the patients.Methods Based on the model of Need-driven Dementiacompromised Behavior (NDB),we used the list of eating behaviors in patients with Alzheimer's disease to observe and record the behaviors of 120 patients and extracted the characteristics of abnormal eating behaviors.Twelve caregivers were selected to participate in the individual in-depth interview using semi-structured interview method,and then 5 of them were involved in the focus group interview for richness and accuracy.Content analysis was used to analyze data.Results Abnormal eating behaviors were identified in 47.5％(57/120) of the patients with Alzheimer's disease.The most common abnormal eating behavior was verbal refusal to eat or stating "No more","Not hungry","I'm fu11"(64.9％),the second was spiting food out(63.2％),the simultaneous items were impatient behaviors prior to or during meal time(38.6％),being distracted from eating(38.6％),resisting help with meal(38.6％),refusal to open mouth (38.6％).Four potential needs were extracted,including desire for family,desire for companion,desire for eating dignity,and eagerness for a sense of inner security.Conclusion It is common for patients with Alzheimer's disease to show abnormal eating behaviors,which demonstrate their potential needs.Caregivers need to be trained to identify the abnormal behaviors of patients and reflected potential needs.Those needs should be met to improve patients' quality of care,and reduce burdens of caregivers.