Correlation of the homeostasis model assessment index and adiponectin, leptin and insulin levels to body mass index-associated gene polymorphisms in adolescents

Objectives: This study aimed to describe correlations between glucose, insulin and adipokine levels and the homeostasis model assessment [HOMA] index with regards to the presence/absence of fat mass and obesityassociated [FTO] rs9939609 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor [PPAR]-y rs1801282 single nucleotide polymorphisms [SNPs] as indicators of body mass index in adolescents

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between September and December 2016 in Toluca, Mexico. A total of 71 students between 14-18 years old were included. Various anthropometric and laboratory measurements were collected, including lipid profile, glucose, insulin and adipokine levels and HOMA index. The degree of association between variables was evaluated with regards to the presence/absence of the SNPs

Results: Leptin levels were significantly higher among female students [P = 0.001], although adiponectin levels did not differ significantly [P = 0.060]. There were significant positive correlations between insulin levels and HOMA index with FTO [r = 0.391; P = 0.007 and r = 0.413; P = 0.005, respectively] and PPARa [r = 0.529; P = 0.007 and r = 0.537; P = 0.007, respectively] SNPs. Leptin showed a significant positive correlation in the presence of PPARa [r = 0.483; P = 0.007] or in the absence of both SNPs [r = 0.627; P = 0.039]. However, adiponectin was significantly negatively correlated in the presence of FTO, either alone [r = .0.333; P = 0.024] or in combination with PPARã [r = .0.616; P = 0.043]

Conclusion: The presence of FTO and/or PPARã SNPs might be related to a genetic predisposition to metabolic syndrome

Pregnancy weight gain limitation by a supervised nutritional program influences placental NF-kappa B/IKK complex expression and oxidative stress

Nuclear factor kappa B [NF-kappa B] pathway and oxidative stress participate in endothelial dysfunction, which is one of the causes of pre-eclampsia. Among the human antioxidant mechanisms, there are the enzymes catalase [CAT], glutathione peroxidase [GPx] and superoxide dismutase [SOD]. Our aim was to measure NF-kappa B, its inhibitor [IKK] and oxidative stress in placenta and umbilical cord of pregnant women submitted to a supervised nutritional program. Two groups were conformed: A] 14 pregnant women with individualized nutritional counseling, and B] 12 pregnant women without nutritional guidance. NF-kappa B and IKK were assessed by real time PCR [RT-PCR]. Enzymatic activity of CAT, GPx, lipoperoxidation [LPO] and SOD were also evaluated. Pregnant women that followed a supervised nutritional program had lower levels of systolic [p=0.03] and diastolic pressure [p=0.043] although they were heavier than the control group [p=0.048]. Among all the women, the Spearman correlation was positive between weight gain and placental NF-kappa B expression [1, p

Human papillomavirus infection is principally found with cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia-III in Toluca, State of Mexico

To describe the prevalence of human papillomavirus infection [HPV] in cases of cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia [CIN], micro-invasive carcinoma and invasive carcinoma in Toluca, State of Mexico. Cross-sectional study analysing slides with the diagnosis of CIN I to invasive carcinoma for one year and reporting the presence of HPV; also identifying these cervical-uterine cancer stages noted during one semester in the registery of histopathological studies, at the Department of Pathology, General Regional Hospital 220, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social [IMSS]. In one year, from a total of 5755 studies, 731 [13%] were of cervical-uterine cancer, 112 [16%] of these were positive for some stage of cervical cancer and 46.43% had HPV infection. In one semester, 2918 histopathological studies were done, 341 [11.68%] of these were cervix uterine biopsies, colposcopies and hysterectomies. 62 women [18.18%] diagnosed with CIN II-III, carcinoma in situ [CIS], micro-invasive carcinoma or invasive carcinoma and finding HPV infection in 51.92% of total cases. The prevalence of HPV was higher than that reported in developed world and CIN II-III are the most common stages in Toluca, State of Mexico