Urinary Metabolomics Aanlysis of Differences in Effect of Aconiti Coreani Radix and Typhonii Rhizoma on Gerbils with Stroke / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of Aconiti Coreani Radix and Typhonii Rhizoma on the urinary metabolites of gerbils with stroke by non-targeted metabolomics technique， and then to clarify the mechanism of the two， as well as their similarities and differences. MethodTwenty-four gerbils were randomly divided into control group（CG）， model group（MG）， Aconiti Coreani Radix group（RA） and Typhonii Rhizoma group（RT）. Except for the CG， ischemic stroke model was constructed using right unilateral ligation of gerbil carotid artery in the remaining groups. Except for the CG and MG， rats in the other groups received whole powder suspension（0.586 mg·g-1） was administered for 14 days. The neurological deficit in each group was scored by Longa scoring on days 0， 3， 7 and 14. After the end of administration， the serum， brain tissue and urine of gerbils in each group were collected， and the rate of cerebral infarction was detected by 2，3，5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride（TTC）， and the levels of interleukin（IL）-6， tumor necrosis factor（TNF）-α， malondialdehyde（MDA）， superoxide dismutase（SOD）， glutathione（GSH）， and nitric oxide（NO） in serum and brain tissue were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. The urine metabolomics of gerbils in each group was studied by ultra performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-electrostatic field orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS）， and the data were processed by multivariate statistical analysis， and differential metabolites were screened based on value of variable importance in the projection（VIP） of the first principal component>1 and t-test P<0.05. Metabolic pathway analysis of the screened differential metabolites was performed using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes（KEGG） database and Metaboanalyst 5.0. ResultCompared with the CG， the neurological deficit score was significantly increased in the MG（P<0.05）， compared with the MG， the neurological deficit scores in the RA and RT were significantly reduced after 7 d and 14 d（P<0.05）. Compared with the CG， the rate of cerebral infarction was significantly increased in the MG（P<0.05）， compared with the MG， the rates of cerebral infarction in the RA and RT were significantly reduced（P<0.05）. Compared with the CG， the levels of IL-6， TNF-α， and MDA in the serum and brain tissue of gerbils from the MG were significantly increased（P<0.05）， and the levels of SOD， GSH and NO were significantly reduced（P<0.05）. Compared with the MG， Aconiti Coreani Radix and Typhonii Rhizoma could down-regulate the levels of IL-6， TNF-α and MDA， and up-regulated the levels of SOD， GSH and NO. A total of 112 endogenous differential metabolites were screened by urine metabolomics， of which 16 and 26 metabolites were called back by Aconiti Coreani Radix and Typhonii Rhizoma， and could be used as potential biomarkers for both treatments in stroke gerbils， respectively. The results of the pathway analysis showed that both Aconiti Coreani Radix and Typhonii Rhizoma had regulatory effects on arginine and proline metabolism， pyrimidine metabolism， and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis. In addition， Aconiti Coreani Radix could also regulate riboflavin metabolism， Typhonii Rhizoma could also regulate purine metabolism， glycine， serine and threonine metabolism， arachidonic acid metabolism， biosynthesis of pantothenate and coenzyme A， and β-alanine metabolism. ConclusionBoth Aconiti Coreani Radix and Typhonii Rhizoma have better therapeutic effects on stroke， with Aconiti Coreani Radix having stronger effects. From the metabolomics results， the main metabolic pathways regulated by Aconiti Coreani Radix involve amino acid metabolism， oxidative stress and so on， while Typhonii Rhizoma mainly involve amino acid metabolism， lipid metabolism， energy metabolism， etc.

Effect of Polysaccharides and n-Butanol Fractions of Atractylodis Rhizoma Stir-fried with Bran on Metabonomics in Rats with Spleen Deficiency / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the regulatory effect of polysaccharides and n-butanol fractions of Atractylodis Rhizoma stir-fried with bran on the plasma metabolites of spleen-deficient rats， and then to elucidate their mechanisms of spleen-enhancing effects. MethodForty male SD rats were randomly divided into the blank group， model group， polysaccharide group （FD group， 0.075 6 g·mL-1·d-1）， n-butanol fractions group （FZ group， 0.012 1 g·mL-1·d-1）， with 10 rats in each group. Except the blank group， the other three groups used the compound factors of overwork， dietary disorders and intragastric administration of Sennae Folium decoction to replicate the rat model of spleen deficiency. After the end of modeling， the FD group and FZ group were given the corresponding medicinal solution by gavage for 7 d， meanwhile， the blank group and model group were given an equal volume of saline. The plasma samples from rats in the blank， model， FZ and FD groups were analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/electrostatic field orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry （UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS）， multivariate statistical methods were used to process the data and screen differential metabolites， and metabolic pathway enrichment analysis of the screened differential metabolites was performed using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG)）database and MetaboAnalyst 5.0. ResultThe results of multivariate statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences in plasma metabolites between the model group and blank group， FZ group and model group， FD group and model group. There were 380 differential metabolites between the blank group and the model group， of which 78 and 57 were called back by polysaccharides and n-butanol fractions of Atractylodis Rhizoma stir-fried with bran， respectively. Metabolic pathway enrichment results showed that the n-butanol fractions mainly affected glycine， serine and threonine metabolism， alanine， aspartate and glutamate metabolism， D-arginine and D-ornithine metabolism， which were summarized as amino acid metabolism， while the polysaccharides mainly affected glycine， serine and threonine metabolism， alanine， aspartate and glutamate metabolism， tricarboxylic acid cycle， biotin metabolism and thiamine metabolism. ConclusionBoth of polysaccharides and n-butanol fractions of Atractylodis Rhizoma stir-fried with bran have significant regulating effects on the metabolic abnormalities in spleen-deficient rats， in which the n-butanol fractions is mainly involved in amino acid metabolism， and the polysaccharides are involved in energy metabolism and cofactor and vitamin metabolism in addition to regulating amino acid metabolism.

The Mediating Effects of Learning Motivation on the Association between Perceived Stress and Positive-Deactivating Academic Emotions in Nursing Students Undergoing Skills Training

PURPOSE: Nursing students experience a high degree of perceived stress during skills training. The resulting academic sentiment is worthy of research. This study examined the learning motivation as a mediator in the association between perceived stress and positive deactivating academic emotions in nursing students undergoing skills training. METHODS: A survey was conducted on 386 third-year undergraduate nursing students at a university in Changchun, China, in 2017. The survey included the items on perceived stress, learning motivation during nursing skill training, and general academic emotion. There were 381 valid responses (response rate=98.7%). Based on the results of partial correlation and stepwise multiple regression equations, the study examined the mediation model between perceived stress, learning motivation and positive-deactivating academic emotions using process 2.16 (a plug-in specifically used to test mediation or moderation effect in SPSS). RESULTS: There was a significant negative correlation between students' perceived stress and learning motivation during nursing skills training and positive-deactivating academic emotions. Nervousness, loss of control, and interest in developing reputation had significant predictive effects on positive-deactivating academic emotions. The mediating model was well supported. CONCLUSION: Learning motivation during nursing skills training lessened the damage of perceived stress on positive-deactivating academic emotions. Improving students' motivation to learn could reduce their perceived stress and build more positive emotions. Positive emotions during learning played an important role in helping nursing students improve skills and enhance their nursing competence.

The Mediating Effects of Learning Motivation on the Association between Perceived Stress and Positive-Deactivating Academic Emotions in Nursing Students Undergoing Skills Training

PURPOSE@#Nursing students experience a high degree of perceived stress during skills training. The resulting academic sentiment is worthy of research. This study examined the learning motivation as a mediator in the association between perceived stress and positive deactivating academic emotions in nursing students undergoing skills training.@*METHODS@#A survey was conducted on 386 third-year undergraduate nursing students at a university in Changchun, China, in 2017. The survey included the items on perceived stress, learning motivation during nursing skill training, and general academic emotion. There were 381 valid responses (response rate=98.7%). Based on the results of partial correlation and stepwise multiple regression equations, the study examined the mediation model between perceived stress, learning motivation and positive-deactivating academic emotions using process 2.16 (a plug-in specifically used to test mediation or moderation effect in SPSS).@*RESULTS@#There was a significant negative correlation between students' perceived stress and learning motivation during nursing skills training and positive-deactivating academic emotions. Nervousness, loss of control, and interest in developing reputation had significant predictive effects on positive-deactivating academic emotions. The mediating model was well supported.@*CONCLUSION@#Learning motivation during nursing skills training lessened the damage of perceived stress on positive-deactivating academic emotions. Improving students' motivation to learn could reduce their perceived stress and build more positive emotions. Positive emotions during learning played an important role in helping nursing students improve skills and enhance their nursing competence.

A weak D type 59 case identified in the Chinese Han population / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study a case with weak D59 phenotype identified among ethnic Han Chinese population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Routine serological tests were used to analyze the reaction patterns, and the RhD epitopes were verified with 12 monoclonal antibodies. Sequence-specific primer PCR was applied for typing the weak RhD and RhD zygosity in the proband and his family members.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A c.1148T>C variant was identified in the proband, for which serological test indicated a weak D phenotype. RHD zygosity testing confirmed that the proband had a RHD+ /RHD- genotype.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>A weak D59 phenotype was firstly identified in a Chinese individual.</p>

Effects comparison of chemical hypoxia induced by cobalt chloride and hypoxia environment on rat pulmonary arterial fibroblasts / 重庆医学

Objective To compare the effects of cobalt chloride (CoCl2) induced chemical hypoxia and hypoxia environment on the proliferation,migration and phenotype transformation of rat primary pulmonary artery fibroblasts (PAFs).Methods Primary PAFs were isolated and cultured.Cells were stimulated by CoCl2,or hypoxia cell culture (1% O2) was used to stimulate and induce PAFs.Then the effects of CoCI2 and hypoxia environment on PAFs were compared by CCK-8 assay,scratch assay,transwell assay,phenotype marker protein expression and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway protein expression.Results Compared with the control group,100 μmol/mL CoCl2 stimulation had no significant effect on the cell proliferation activity,cell migration ability and phenotype transformation ability of PAFs (P>0.05);while 1% O2 could significantly improve the cell proliferation and migration activities of PAFs as well as the upregulation of α-SMA expression (P<0.05).Conclusion There exist differences of effects between CoCl2 induced chemical hypoxia and hypoxia environment on promoting cell proliferation, cell migration and phenotype transformation in PAFs.

Thawing cycle sequential embryo transfer in patients with repeated implantation failure / 天津医药

Objective To compare the outcome of in vitro fertilization (IVF) between sequential embryo transfer and simple blastocyst transplantation in patients with previous multiple IVF failures. Methods A total of 170 patients with repeated implantation failure were divided into sequential transfer group (n=71) and blastocyst transfer only group (n=99). A retrospective matched case-control analysis was made for the medical files of 71 patients who underwent sequential transfer of D3 embryos and blastocysts. The control group included 99 matched women who underwent embryo transfer on D5/6 only. All of the patients in two groups used the same protocols of emdometrium preparation (natural cycle or hormone-replacement cycle) and ultrasound-guided transplantation. The embryo implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate were compared and analyzed between two groups. Results Sequential transfer of embryos resulted in a clinical pregnancy rate of 60.6%compared with that of 31.3%following D5/6 embryo transfer, and the implantation rate was 34.8%and 23.8%respectively (P<0.05). Although the total number of transfered embryos were higher in sequential transfer group than that of blastula transfer only group, the number of D5/6 embryo transfered in sequential transfer group were less than blastula transfer only group (P<0.05). And the number of high quality blastula transfered showed no statistical significant difference between two groups. There were 20 cases of twin and 5 cases of triplet pregnancy in sequential transfer group, which were 5 cases and 1 case in blastula transfer only group respectively. While, there was no case of muliple pregnancy beyond triplet in both groups Conclusion Sequential transfer of embryos can be used for women with repeated IVF cycles. The program avoids the possibility of eliminating the transplant, and which is effective in patients with more transplant embryos.

Clinical application of meditation training in postoperative rehabilitation of repeat cesarean section patients / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To study the effect of postoperative rehabilitation of meditation training on repeat cesarean section patients. Methods A total of 86 cases of repeat cesarean section from October 1st, 2014 to October 1st, 2016 were collected. The patients were divided into the observation group (43 cases) and the control group (43 cases) by random digits table method. The observationgroup received meditation therapy by a well-trained nurse based on the routine treatment. The control group was treated with routine treatment. The two groups were compared by postoperative pain score, anxiety and depression scores, the first breastfeeding time, the first urination time and satisfaction. Results After intervention, the postoperative pain visual scores of the observation group and the control group were 3.21 ± 1.51 and 5.41±1.45 respectively, the difference was statistically significant (t=3.817, P6 h/failure:2.32%(1/43). While the data of the control group were 6 h/failure: 13.95%(6/43), the differences were statistically significant (t=6.114, P<0.05). The satisfaction of the observation group and the control group were 98.47% (42/43) and 91.69% (39/43) respectively, the difference was statistically significant. (χ2=7.679, P<0.01). ConclusionsMeditation can effectively reduce the postoperative pain, reduce the incidence of anxiety, shorten the first time of breastfeeding and urination, and improve patients′satisfaction.

Associations of plasma homocysteine and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 levels with dementia / 国际脑血管病杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the associations of plasma homocysteine (Hcy) and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) levels with dementia.MethodsThe patients with dementia admitted to hospital were enrolled retrospectively.They were divided into a vascular dementia (VaD) group, a mixed dementia (MD) group, and an Alzheimer's disease (AD) group according to the Hachinski Ischemic Score, and the dementia severity was further divided into a mild group, a moderate group and a severe group according to the Mini-Mental State Examination.The non-demented patients hospitalized during the same period were selected as controls.The demographics, vascular risk factors, and plasma Hcy and Lp-PLA2 levels in each group were compared.Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the independent associations of the plasma Hcy and Lp-PLA2 levels with the risk of dementia and severity.ResultsA total of 125 patients with dementia were enrolled, including 52 (41.6%) in the VaD group, 21 (16.8%) in the MD group, and 53 (41.6%) in the AD group.There were 49 patients (39.2%) in the mild group, 51 (40.8%) in the moderate group, and 25 (20%) in the severe group.A total of 40 non-demented patients were enrolled as control group.The plasma Hcy and Lp-PLA2 levels in VaD, MD and AD groups were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P<0.001).Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the advanced age (odds ratio[OR] 1.12, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03-1.21;P=0.010), high plasma Hcy level (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.21-1.71;P<0.001), high Lp-PLA2 level (OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00-1.02;P=0.006), and previous stroke (OR 4.29, 95% CI 1.50-12.36;P=0.007) were the independent risk factors for dementia;high Hcy level (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.21-1.82;P<0.001, high Lp-PLA2 level (OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00-1.03;P=0.002), and previous stroke (OR 152.78, 95% CI 20.41-999.97;P<0.001) were the independent risk factors for VaD;advanced age (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.02-1.17;P=0.008) and high Hcy level (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.25-1.58;P<0.001) were the independent risk factor for severe dementia.ConclusionsThe increased plasma Hcy and Lp-PLA2 levels are associated with dementia.Reducing the plasma Hcy and Lp-PLA2 levels may be beneficial to the treatment and prevention of dementia.

Simultaneous Determination of Andrographlide and Dehydroandrographolide in Ganmaoqing Tablet by HPLC / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for simultaneous determination of andrographlide and dehydroandrographolide in Ganmaoqing tablet. METHODS:HPLC was performed on the column of Thermo BDS C18 with mobile phase of mathanol-water at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,detection wavelength was 225 nm for andrographlide and 254 nm for dehydroandrographolide,col-umn temperature was 30 ℃,and injection volume was 10 μl. RESULTS:The linear range was 2.25-45.00 μg/ml for andrographlide (r=0.9998) and 1.00-20.00 μg/ml for dehydroandrographolid(r=0.9990);RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were no more than 0.8%;average recoveries were 96.96%-99.80%(n=9) and 96.79%-100.65%(n=9). CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,accurate and reliable,and can be used for the quality control of andrographlide and dehydroandrographolide in Ganmaoqing tablet.

Protective effect of Shenfu soup on myocardial ischemia in rats and expression of apelin / 中国药理学通报

Aim To study the effects of Shenfu soup onthe ISO -induced myocardial ischemia injury model ofrats and the influence of apelin level changes on myocardial ischemia.Methods The myocardial ischemiainjury model of rats was established by the subcutaneous injection of ISO.For 1 5 days,rats in Shenfugroups were given by gavage 3,6 and 1 2 g · kg -1Shenfu soup and rats in SF injection group were given6.67 g·kg -1 Shenfu injection,rats in sham group andmodel group were given the same volume of distilledwater.Rats were subcutaneously multipoint injectedISO for 5 days on the eleventh administrating day.Theeffects of Shenfu soup on myocardial morphology,serum myocardial enzyme levels,apelin mRNA level inserum and apelin protein level in myocardial tissue,and relationship between myocardial enzyme and apelinexpression were evaluated. Results Shenfu soupcould reduce the degree of myocardial tissue necrosisand compared with model group,CK values and LDHvalues of rats in middleand highdose groups were significantly lower (P <0.05 or P <0.01 ).However,the apelin mRNA level in myocardial tissue and apelinprotein level in serum of the rats in middleand highdose groups compared with model group had increased(P <0.05,P <0.01 ).Meanwhile,serum levels ofapelin and the expression of myocardial enzyme CK andLDH were negatively correlated.Conclusion Shenfusoup has a protective effect on myocardial ischemia injury in rats induced by ISO and the mechanism is involved with the promotion of apelin mRNA and proteinexpression,the inhibition of myocardial enzyme production and the improvement of myocardial ischemia.

Investigation and Suggestion of the Current Situation of Pharmaceutical Services in Outpatient Pharmacy of Our Hospital / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To better carry out the pharmaceutical services in outpatient pharmacy,and provide reference for the safe,effective and rational drug use of outpatients. METHODS:Questionnaires were designed based on the related information pro-vided by consultation services of outpatient pharmacy in our hospital and referring to the related literatures to randomly select and investigate the patients of outpatient pharmacy in our hospital,and the results were statistically analyzed. RESULTS:There were to-tally 450 questionnaires,involving 417 valid questionnaires with the effective recovery of 92.67%. The questions about pharmaceuti-cal service of surveyed patients were dosage and precautions,respectively with the number of 254(60.91%)and 251(60.19%);followed by functions and indications,with the number of 234 (56.12%);besides,there were also with widespread concerns, such as drugs efficacy,medication time,and medication of elderly,children and pregnant women,etc. Among the surveyed pa-tients,20.75% were blind medication;89.45% thought the pharmacists’guidance was helpful for medication;there were still 21.35% without pharmacists’medication guidance. CONCLUSIONS:The survey shows the poor awareness of rational drug use and lacking knowledge of drugs in outpatients,they are eager for medication guidance from professional pharmacists. However,the pharmaceutical service in outpatient pharmacy needs to be improved. It is suggested to actively promote the pharmacy services by implementing points medication,adopting red and blue for warning labels,providing comprehensive drug counseling services and carrying out rational drug use education,etc.

Effect of oral stimulation on oral feeding ability of preterm infants / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To study the effect of Sandra Fucile oral stimulation on oral feeding readiness and ability of preterm infants.Methods Sixty-five premature infants were selected in the study.All of the premature infants were recruited randomly in convenience between Jul.and Dec.2012.For a randomized control principle,SPSS 13.0 was performed to achieve complete random design.Objects were divided into control group(receiving routine nursing) and intervention group(on the basis of routine nursing,receiving 15 minutes oral stimulation,1 time/day,for 10 days).Chinese version of Preterm Infant Oral Feeding Readiness Assessment scale(PIOFRA scale-CV) was used when intervention began,and 7 days,10 days,14 days after the start of the intervention.Results PIOFRA-CV scale score was statistically different at different time in both groups(F =169.062,P ＜0.001).The first day ratings were minimum in the 2 groups,after which with an upward trend over time.The control group and intervention group rated a statistically significant difference(F =5.538,P =0.022).Except for no difference on the first day and seventh day (t =1.650,P =0.204 ;t =0.817,P =0.369) between the 2 groups,the intervention group had a higher score than the control group (t =17.339,24.141,all P ＜0.001).Group and time had an interaction effect(F =1 1.561,P ＜0.001).The incidence of vomiting[42.4％ (14/33 cases) vs 34.4％ (11/32 cases)],infection [27.3％ (9/33 cases) vs 9.4％ (3/32 cases)],and gastro-oesophageal reflux[30.3％ (10/33 cases) vs 25.0％ (8/32 cases)] were not significantly different between the 2 groups(x2 =0.445,3.457,0.288,all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Saudra Fucile oral stimulation method can significantly promote the development of premature oral feeding ability on the 10 day after the intervention,and will not increase vomiting,gastroesophageal reflux,and infection.It is suitable for clinical application.

Correlation Between Fetal Cardiac Function and Interventricular Septal Thickness in Fetuses of Diabetic Mothers / 中国医学影像学杂志

Purpose To explore the correlation between fetal cardiac function and interventricular septal thickness in fetuses of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) mothers. Materials and Methods Thirty-nine GDM mothers were involved in the study and divided into group MH (fetuses of GDM mothers with interventricular septal hypertrophy) and group NMH (fetuses of GDM mothers with normal interventricular septal thickness). Ultrasonic cardiogram was performed for both groups to assess such variables as interventricular septum thickness at end diastole (IVSd), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular fraction shortening (LVFS), right ventricular fraction shortening (RVFS), the ratio of E and A of mitral flow (E/AMV), the ratio of E and A of tricuspid flow (E/ATV), peak velocity of aortic valve (VPAO), peak velocity of pulmonary valve (VPPA) and myocardial performance index (MPI). The results were further compared with those of control group. Results The VPAO, VPPA, LVEF and LVFS in group NMH were significantly higher than those in control group (P<0.05). The VPAO, VPPA, LVEF, LVFS and RVFS in group MH were significantly higher than those in control group whilst the E/AMV and E/ATV significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.05). The LVEF, LVFS and RVFS in group MH were significantly higher than those in group NMH whilst the E/AMV and E/ATV significantly lower (P<0.05). MPI in group MH was significantly higher than that in group NMH (P<0.05), whilst both were significantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05). The LVEF, LVFS, RVFS, VPAO and VPPA were positively correlated with IVSd (r=0.48, 0.51, 0.45, 0.30, 0.30;P<0.05). Conclusion Cardiac function in fetuses of GDM mothers may be associated with interventricular septal thickness.

Roles of dCK Ser-74 in radiation-induced cell death in breast cancer cells / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective To investigate the roles of dCK Ser-74 in radiation-induced cell death in breast cancer cells.Methods Different phenotypes of dCK plasmids were transfected into MCF-7 cells by liposome transfection,including dCK-Vector,dCK-WT (wild type),dCK-S74A (non-phosphorylation) and dCK-S74E (hyper-phosphorylation).All these cells were irradiated by 0,2,4,6,8 Gy X-rays,respectively.The transcriptional and translational level of dCK were detected with real time-PCR and Western blot,respectively.Radiosensitivity was analyzed using cell counting kit (CCK-8) and colony formation assays.Monodansylcadaverine staining (MDC) and flow cytometry were used to detect autophagy and apoptosis,respectively.Results Four phenotypes of dCK cell models were established successfully.After irradiation,the cell viabilities of MCF-7 and dCK-Vector decreased significantly as compared with mock group (t =14.469 and 9.357,P ＜ 0.05),the cell viabilities of dCK-WT,dCK-S74A and dCK-S74E showed no changes (P ＞ 0.05).The total mortalities of dCK-WT and dCK-S74E decreased significantly as compared with dCK-Vector (x2 =3.857-3.971,P ＜ 0.05),but no changes in dCK-S74A cells (P ＞0.05).The apoptosis rates in dCK-S74A,dCK-Vector and control group were up-regulated after irradiation (t =-4.531,-3.688 and-7.076,P ＜ 0.05),and the irradiation-induced apoptosis was reversed in dCK-WT and dCK-S74E (66％ and 68％ of the increase level in dCK-Vector group).The autophagy in dCK-WT and dCK-S74E increased by 22％ and 26％ (t =-9.051 and-8.411,P ＜0.01),but no changes were observed in dCK-S74A,dCK-Vector and control groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The dCK-WT and dCK-S74E could reverse the irradiation-induced apoptosis,increase the autophagy occurence,and decrease the total mortality,indicating that the phosphorylation of dCK at Ser-74 sites is related to the radiosensitivity of MCF-7 cells.

Echocardiographic evaluation of fetal heart in first trimester 11-14+6 weeks / 中华超声影像学杂志

ObjectiveTo evaluate the probability of the fetal heart scanning in first trimester(11 -14+6 week) by transabdominal ultrasonography.MethodsBy using advanced ultrasound machine with high resolution transabdominal probe,249 fetal hearts were scanned.Four chamber view,left and right outflow view,three vessels view were obtained.The successful observation rates of these views under different gestational age were recorded.For 18 pregnant women with suboptimal transabdominal scanning condition,transvaginal scan were supplemented.ResultsAmong 249 singleton fetuses with low risk of congenital heart disease,four chamber view was successfully visualized in 227 (91.2％),left outflow view in 125(50.2％),right outflow view in 102(40.9％),three vessels view in 98(39.4％).The successful observation rate of these four views increased with gestational ages.The successful observation rate of each view in successive gestational age showed remarkable difference (P ＜ 0.05).The four chamber view had the highest successful observation rate with 95％ after 12 weeks.After 13 weeks,left and right outflow views visualizing rate was above 85％.Transvaginal scanning can increase the four chamber view successful observation rate.For observation of other views,transvaginal scanning,however,showed no superior than transabdomial scanning.ConclusionsHigh resolution transabdominal probe can be used to perform the fetal hearts scanning in early trimester.It will benefit to find the fetal heart malformation.

Changes of DRAM expression in radiation-induced autophagy in breast cancer cells / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective To investigate the expression of DRAM in breast cancer cell line MCF-7 in radiation-induced autophagy. Methods GFP-LC3 transfection method was used to observe autophagy bubble.Real time-PCR was used to detect DRAM and MAPLC3 from transcriptional and translational level,respectively. The silencing vector from gene engineering was introduced by calcium phosphate transfection.Results Compared with the control group,GFP-LC3 increased significantly after 8 Gy irradiation by immunofluorescent assay,and the level of MAP-LC3 expression was higher than control group after 8 Gy irradiation by Western blot ( F =5.38,8.72,10.63,15.23,20.78 and 55.23,P ＜ 0.05 ).DRAM protein expression increased significantly at 2 h in the 8 Gy time-dose study,up to maximum at the 32 h( F =116.34,P ＜ 0.05 ).In DRAM model,the expression of LC3 and DRAM decreased significantly (F =20.36 and 40.35,P ＜ 0.05 ) and DRAM expression increased 8 Gy post-irradiation,but still lower than that in 8 Gy irradiation wild-type group.The LC3 expression also decreasaed 8 Gy post-irradiation(F =50.34,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions DRAM plays an important role in irradiation-induced autophagy in breast cancer cell.DRAM might participate in the process and serve as a theoretical target for clinical treatment of breast cancer.

Effects of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α on radiation-induced autophagic cell death in breast cancer cells / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective To study the effects of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) on radiationinduced autophagic cell death in breast cancer cells.Methods MCF-7 cells were divided into four groups:control (normoxia,21％ Oxygen),irradiation (8 Gy X-rays),hypoxia (Cobalt chloride,CoCl2)and irradiation with hypoxia (CoCl2).150 μmol/L CoCl2 was utilized to induce hypoxic conditions.Western blot was applied to detect the expression of HIF-1α and MAPLC3.MDC and Hoechst staining were used to detect autophagy and apoptosis.Radiosensitivity was detected by cloning formation.The short hairpin interfering RNA (shRNA) retroviral transduction particles targeting HIF-1α was transfected into MCF-7 cells to establish HIF-1 α knockdown cells,then the radiosensibility,autophagy and apoptosis were detected.Results Compared with control group and irradiation group,the protein level of HIF-1 increased obviously in the normaxia,irradiation,hypoxia and irradiation with hypoxia groups,and the values were 0,0,1.00,1.89,respectively.The expression levels of MAPLC3 were markedly up-regulated in irradiation,hypoxia and irradiation with hypoxia groups as compared with control,and the ratios of LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ were 1.15,1.73,2.38 and 3.60,respectively.The radiosensitivity of MCF-7 cells decreased in the following order:normoxia with 3MA ＞ normoxia ＞ hypoxia with 3MA ＞ hypoxia.HIF-1α knockdown cell (pSUPER-HIF-1α Ri) and vector control were constructed.After treatment with CoCl2,survival fraction of MCF-7-pSUPER was significantly higher than that of control (t =3.080,6.946,6.658,6.380,P ＜0.05),and radiosensitivity was down-regulated after irradiation,but there was no significant difference between normoxia and hypoxia in survival fraction of MCF-7-pSUPER-HIF-1α Ri.After treatment of irradiation or hypoxia,the autophagic fractions in MCF-7-pSUPER-HIF-1α Ri significantly decreased,reduced by 21.1％,25.5％,15.5％,respectively(t =4.635,4.738,6.354,P ＜0.05) as compared with MCF-7-pSUPER,but there was no change in apoptosis.Conclusions HIF-1α may increase radiationinduced autophagy and decrease radiosensitivity,but have no influence on apoptosis.

New weight estimation formula for macrosomic fetuses / 中华超声影像学杂志

ObjectiveTo develop a new formula to estimate macrosomia weight and compared with published 25 formulas.Methods1153 fetuses including 239 macrosomia within one week of delivery were considered.Two-dimensional ultrasound measurements of the fetal biparietal diameter (BPD),head circumference (HC),abdominal circumference (AC) and femur length (FL) were performed and recorded by experienced sonographers.The birth weight were measured after the babies born.The formula finding group,1034 fetuses including 914 fetuses weighting less than 4000g and 120 macrosomia,were utilized to generate an overall regression formula by stepwise linear regression.120 macrosomia were used to established the formula for estimating macrosomic weight.As the training group,other 119 macrosomia were used to test the new formula and compared with other 25 existing formulas.ResultsThe new formula for whole weight was:lgBW =0.180 (HC) + 0.00628 (AC) - 0.00318 (HC)2 + 0.00173 (AC) (FL) +0.0000430(BPD)(HC)2.The new formula for macromia was:lgBW =0.730(BPD) -0.0375 (BPD)2 +0.000264(AC) (FL).The new method gave ( - 87.89 ± 230.95)g of estimation error and (4.4 ± 3.9) ％ of absolute percentage error,while the best existing formula provided (115.61± 345.09)g and (6.8 ± 5.4)％.With the new method,89.1％ of estimates fell within ± 10％ of the actual birth weight,while the best existing formula gave 75.6％.ConclusionsThe new formula was based on typical Chinese Han women,the error was lower and more suitable than those developed formulas for Chinese populations,especially for macrosomia fetuses.

Application of intracolonic bypass procedure in anus-preserving operation for acute obstructive low and middle rectal cancer / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective To introduce a novel technique of intracolonic shunt procedure used in the anus - preserving operation for acute intestinal obstruction resulted from cancer at low and middle portions of rectum and assess the clinical significance. Methods In total, 81 patients with acute obstruction of low and middle portion of rectum caused by cancer were randomly ( random number) divided into control group and study group. In control group, 42 patients were operated with preventive transverse colonostomy or terminal ileum stoma after low proximal resection of rectum involved in cancer, while 39 patients were operated with intracolonic shunt procedure by using a biodegradable anastomosis ring and a condom placed 5 cm above anastomosis for protection in study group. Results There were no significant differences in sex, age, tumor site, tumor size and the distance from anstomosis to anal-edge between two groups. In both groups, the bowel movement resumed in 2 ~ 5 days after operation (P > 0.05). In study group, the rate of anastomosis leakage was 7.7% (3/39), and leakages were treated with drainage for 7.1 days in average to be healed, and the biodegradable anastomosis ring detached and were discharged in 14 -23 days (17 days in average), and there were no complications of drainage happened. The anastomotic stenosis occurred in three patients (7. 7% ) within 6 months after operation. In control group, 11.9% patients (5/42) had anastomosis leakage and they treated with drainage for 18.2 days in average to get the leakage healed, and 35. 7% patients (15/42) had stoma complications, and anastomotic stenosis happened in 28.6% patients (12/42) within 6 months after operation, and 7. 1% patients need another operation because of severe anastomosis stenosis. There were no significant differences in rate of anastomosis leakage between tow groups ( P > 0. 05), but there were significant differences in drainage days after anstomosis leakage happened and 6 - months anastomosis stenosis between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions In the anus -preserving operation for acute intestinal obstruction at low and middle portions of rectum caused by cancer , the intracolonic shunt procedure is convenient and safty, and reduces the hazard incurred by anastomosis leakage and anastomosis stenosis compared with classic stoma operation.