Two new 2,3-seco triterpenoids from Rubus pirifolius Smith / 药学学报

Eight compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of the 80% aqueous ethanol extract of the roots and stems of Rubus pirifolius Smith by AB-8 macroporous resin, silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography, and semi-preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified by spectral analysis such as 1D/2D NMR, MS, UV, IR and by comparison with literature information as rubussecotriterpene A (1), rubussecotriterpene B (2), cecropiacic acid (3), cecropiacic acid 3-methyl ester (4), alphitolic acid (5), betulinic acid (6), betulin (7), and obtusalin (8). Compounds 1 and 2 are new compounds, and compounds 3-8 were isolated from this plant for the first time.

A pair of new isoflavonoid enantiomers from Dalbergia benthamii Prain / 药学学报

Thirteen isoflavones were separated and purified from an ethanol extract of the rhizome of Dalbergia benthamii Prain by using silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, recrystallization et al. Their structures were identified by physicochemical properties and spectral analysis such as MS, 1D/2D-NMR as dalbergibenthamin (1), butesuperin A (2), xanthocercin A (3), butesuperin B (4), di-O-methylalpinum isoflavone (5), 2′-deoxgisoaunculutin (6), robustone (7), 4′-hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxy-6-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-isoflavone (8), formononetin (9), 6″-O-rhamnosyldaidzin (10), 3′,4′-di-O-methylene-5-hydroxy-7-methoxy-6-isopentenyl isoflavone (11), derrubone dimethyl enter (12), and derrubone (13). Compound 1 is a pair of new isoflavonoid enantiomers, compound 12 is a new natural product and compounds 1-7 and 10-13 were obtained from D. benthamii Prain for the first time. In vitro cytotoxic activities of the compounds were explored by MTS testing with HL-60, A-549, SMMC-7721, MCF-7 and SW480 cell lines. Results show that compound 8 significantly inhibited cellular proliferation. The IC50 of compound 8 in A-549 and SW480 cells was 16.68 ± 0.19 and 15.21 ± 0.60 μmol·L-1.

Effects of acupuncture plus language training on language function and cerebral blood flow in patients with motor aphasia after ischemic stroke / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To observe the effects of acupuncture at the Governor Vessel acupoints plus language training on the language function and cerebral blood flow in patients with motor aphasia after ischemic stroke. Methods: Eighty-six patients were randomized into a control group and an observation group, with 43 cases in each group. Conventional symptomatic treatment was offered to both groups. Besides, the control group received language training, while the observation group received language training plus additional acupuncture at the Governor Vessel acupoints. Before and after treatment, the aphasia battery of Chinese (ABC) and Chinese functional communication profile (CFCP) were tested, and the mean velocity (Vm) and resistance index (RI) of the left middle cerebral artery (MCA) were detected. Results: The total effective rate was higher in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the observation group gained higher scores in oral expression, comprehension, repeating, naming objects, reading, and writing, as well as the general score of ABC (all P<0.05), higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05). The CFCP score increased in both groups after intervention, showing significant intra-group differences (both P<0.05), and the CFCP score was higher in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, Vm of the left side MCA increased in the control group (P<0.05), while no significant change was observed in RI (P>0.05); in the observation group, Vm of the left side MCA increased and RI decreased significantly compared with the baseline (both P<0.05), and were markedly different from those in the control group (both P<0.05). Conclusion: Acupuncture at the Governor Vessel acupoints plus language training can produce valid efficacy in treating motor aphasia after ischemic stroke; it can notably improve the language function, everyday oral communication ability, and increase cerebral perfusion of the patients.

Flavonoids of Zhuang medicine Cardiospermum halicacabum / 中草药

Objective To study the chemical constituents of Zhuang medicine Cardiospermum halicacabum. Methods The compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel, polyamide gel, and Sephadex LH-20 chromatography. The structures of the compounds were identified on the basis of chemical and spectral methods. Results Thirteen compounds were isolated from the butanol extracts of C. halicacabum and identified as chrysoeriol-7-O-β-D-glucuronide butyl ester (1), chrysoeriol-7-O-β-D- glucuronide ethyl ester (2), chrysoeriol-7-O-β-D-glucuronide methyl ester (3), chrysoeriol (4), apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide butyl ester (5), apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide ethyl ester (6), apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide methyl ester (7), apigenin-7-O-β-D- glucuronide (8), apigenin (9), luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide methyl ester (10), luteolin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide (11), luteolin (12), and quercetin (13). Conclusion Compounds 1, 2, and 3 are new flavonoiels named as cardiosperoside D, cardiosperoside B, and cardiosperoside A. Compounds 5-8, 10, and 11 are isolated from this genus for the first time.

Chemical constituents from Zhuang medicine Dalbergia benthami (I) / 中草药

Objective: To study the chemical constituents of Zhuang medicine Dalbergia benthami. Methods: The compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 chromatography, HPLC and so on. The structures of the compounds were identified on the basis of chemical and spectral methods. Results: Fourteen compounds were isolated from the ethanol extract of Dalbergia benthami and identified as 4'-hydroxy-6-hydroxymethyl-5,7-dimethoxy isoflavone (1), β-sitosterol (2), daucosterol (3), stigmasterol (4), robustin acid (5), robustin (6), 4-hydroxy-3-(3'-hydroxy-4'-methoxyphyl)-5-methoxy-2″,2″-dimethylpyrano (5″,6″:6,7)coumarin (7), robustin methyl ether (8), methyl robustate (9), 4'-hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxy-6-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-isoflavone (10), formononetin (11), pseudobaptigenin (12), calycosin (13), and stigmasterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (14). Conclusion: Compound 1 is a new compound named dalbergibenthamone, and all compounds are isolated from this plant for the first time.

Chemical constituents from Zhuang medicine Sauropus rostratus (II) / 中草药

Objective: To study the chemical constituents of Zhuang medicine Sauropus rostratu. Methods: The compounds were isolated and purified by silica gel, polyamide, MCI, and Sephadex LH-20 chromatography. The structures of the compounds were identified on the basis of chemical and spectral methods. Results: Nineteen compounds were isolated from 75% ethanol extrct of S. rostratu and identified as n-triacontanol (1), 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol (2), β-sitosterol (3), daucosterol (4), 3,6-anhydro-2-deoxy- D-arabino-hexono-1,4-lactone (5), niacinamide (6), scopoletin (7), 3β-hydroxy-26α,27β-arbor-13(18)-ene-24-carboxylic acid (8), 2R*,3R*,5S*-trihydroxy-6R*-nonadecyltetrahydropyran-4-one (9), emodin (10), protocatechuic acid (11), 2,3-dideoxy-D-erythro- hex-2-enono-1,4-lactone (12), caffeic acid (13), 3-acetrlc-affeic acid (14), quercetin (15), D-galactose (16), mannitol (17), aurantiamide acetate (18), and kaempferol (19). Conclusion: Compound 8 is a new compound named sauropurostratic acid, and compounds 2,5-14,and 16-18 are isolated from this plant for the first time.

Three-dimensional analysis of facial structure for unilateral cleft lip patients repaired by Millard's method / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the aesthetic effect of Millard' s method in patients with unilateral cleft lip by three dimensional sensing system.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>19 patients with unilateral cleft lip (class II: 7 cases, class III: 12 cases) were randomly selected. The pre- and postoperative 3-D facial profiles were recorded using a 3 DSS scanner. Then 3D geometric models were established by Geomagic Studio 10.0. In the software, columella length, nostril floor width, alar base-subnasale distance, alar length, upper lip height, lateral upper lip height and lip length were measured before and after lip repair respectively. Paired-samples T test and one-sample T test were used for statistical analysis with SPSS 12. 0 software package.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were significant differences in the nostril floor width, alar base-subnasale distance, alar length and lip length before and after operation (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The ratio of asymmetry in normal people was no more than 0.1. There was significant difference in the asymmetry ratio of columella length and lateral upper lip height between postoperative class II patients and normal people (P < 0.05). There was significant difference in the asymmetry ratio of columella length, nostril floor width, alar base-suhnasale distance, lateral upper lip height and lip length between postoperative class III patients and normal people (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Millard's technique is useful for repairing unilateral cleft lip in rebuilding nasal floor, the Cupid' bow and in correction of the columella deviation, except for a relatively insufficient lip height and columella length at the operated side. Besides, the nostril floor width at the operated side in class III patients is still wider than that at the opposite side.</p>

Constructing tissue engineered trachea-like cartilage graft in vitro by using bone marrow stromal cells sheet and PLGA internal support: experimental study in bioreactor / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the feasibility of constructing tissue engineered trachea-like cartilage graft in vitro by using bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) sheet and PLGA internal support.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rabbit BMSCs were expanded and induced by transforming growth factor-1 to improve chondrocyte phenotype of BMSCs. BMSCs sheets were obtained by continuous culture and wrapped the PGLA scaffold in the shape of cylinder. The constructs were incubated in spinner flask for 8 weeks and cartilage formation was investigated by gross inspection, histology, glycosaminoglycan and mechanical strength content.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After in vitro culture, cartilage like tissue in cylindrical shape had been regenerated successfully. Stiff, shiny, pearly opalescence tissues were observed. Histological analysis showed engineered trachea cartilage consisted of evenly spaced lacunae embedded in matrix, cells stationed in the lacunae could be noticed clearly. Safranin-O staining on the sections showed homogenous and positive red staining, which demonstrated that the engineered tissue was rich in proteoglycans.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Based on the cell sheet and internal support strategy, trachea-like cartilage in cylindrical shape could be successfully fabricated which provided a highly effective cartilage graft substitute and could be useful in many situations of trachea-cartilage loss encountered in clinical practice.</p>

Correction of progressive hemifacial atrophy using dermis-fat graft and Medpor implant shaped by reverse engineering technique / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the therapeutic effect of dermis-fat graft combined with Medpor implant shaped by reverse engineering technique in the correction of the progressive hemifacial atrophy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A skull model was made by rapid prototyping and the bony deficiency model was acquired with reverse engineering technique. The Medpor implant was shaped precisely based on the deficiency model and implanted with dermis-fat graft at the same stage.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>11 cases were treated successfully without infection, necrosis and rejection. The patients were followed up for six months to one year with satisfactory cosmetic improvement. The dermis-fat graft survived without obvious absorption.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The technique can correct both the bony and soft tissue deficiency for progressive hemifacial atrophy. It is very practical and easily performed with reliant results and less morbidity.</p>

Experimental corrected study of hypoglycemic activity of conduritol A of stems of Gymnema sylvestre / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigates the mechanism of hypooglycemic effect of conduritol A of stems of Gymnema sylvestre.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Fourteen days later after administration, observation is taken on the change of these mice and rats weight, the FBG, TG, CHO, SOD, MDA, INS, TNF in serum were also detected with enzymology method and Radioimmuoassay method. Take the liver to determine the disposal of glucose. Take the pancreas to do the HE and immunohistochemistrial staining, and show pancreas islet beta-cell. Calulate thymus, pancreas, splenica index.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Compared with diabetic model mice, high and middosage of conduritol A could remarkably reduce fasted blood sugar in diabetic rats induced by alloxan (P < 0.01). Significantly increase the level of serum insulin (P < 0.05). Activity of SOD was obviously increased, and amount of MDA was obviously decreased (P < 0.05). The amount of conduritol A disposal of glucose was obviously increased (P < 0.05). Significantly increase thymus, pancreas, splencia index (P < 0.01 or 0.05); inhibited the atrophy of thymus, pancreas, splencias of the diabetic rats induced by alloxan. Compared with diabetic model group, cell structure and form of conduritol A had been some way improved. The immunohistochemistry results showed that beta-cells numbers of pancreas in each conduritol A group were more than those in the model group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Conduritol A could have an effect on regulating the metabolism of blood lipid, free-radical scavenging, enhancing the antioxidant ability, potentiating immune function. Promoting synthesis of hepatic to decrease fasted blood suger.</p>