Erratum: Author correction to "DNA damage repair promotion in colonic epithelial cells by andrographolide downregulated cGAS‒STING pathway activation and contributed to the relief of CPT-11-induced intestinal mucositis" Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 12 (2022) 262-273

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.03.043.].

DNA damage repair promotion in colonic epithelial cells by andrographolide downregulated cGAS‒STING pathway activation and contributed to the relief of CPT-11-induced intestinal mucositis

Gastrointestinal mucositis is one of the most debilitating side effects of the chemotherapeutic agent irinotecan (CPT-11). Andrographolide, a natural bicyclic diterpenoid lactone, has been reported to possess anti-colitis activity. In this study, andrographolide treatment was found to significantly relieve CPT-11-induced colitis in tumor-bearing mice without decreasing the tumor suppression effect of CPT-11. CPT-11 causes DNA damage and the release of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) from the intestine, leading to cyclic-GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)‒stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-mediated colitis, which was significantly decreased by andrographolide both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistic studies revealed that andrographolide could promote homologous recombination (HR) repair and downregulate dsDNA‒cGAS‒STING signaling and contribute to the improvement of CPT-11-induced gastrointestinal mucositis. These results suggest that andrographolide may be a novel agent to relieve gastrointestinal mucositis caused by CPT-11.

Isolation, identification and biological characteristics of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: How to effectively harvest bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells with homogeneity is crucial for cartilage tissue engineering research. OBJECTIVE: To isolate and culture rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and to observe biological characteristics of the cells. METHODS: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from the femur and tibia of 30 Sprague-Dawley rats using the whole bone marrow adhesion method. Cell surface markers were identified using flow cytometry, cell proliferation ability was observed through cell counting, and cell survival rate was determined by MTT assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The harvested cells were mostly round and oval, which partially showed a triangular shape. Cell fusion appeared after 12-15 days of inoculation. The proliferation of passaged cells was accelerated. Two hours after passage, the cells evenly covered the bottom of the culture dish. With the increasing of cell generations, the cell proliferation ability was gradually decreased. The survival rates of cells at passages 1-5 were over 95%, significantly higher than those at passages 6 and 7 (P < 0.05). The harvested cells were negative for CD34, but positive for CD44. To conclude, the whole bone marrow adhesion method is effective to isolate rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells with stable growth and strong proliferation ability. Passage 5 cells can be selected as seed cells for cartilage tissue engineering.

Research advances on pharmacologic effects of Ligustri Lucidi Fructus and its active constituents in skeletal muscle / 药物评价研究

Ligustri Lucidi Fructus and its active constituents,ursolic acid and salidroside,have insulin-like effect to produce positive action on skeletal muscle:,It can improve the utilization of carbohydrate and lipid in muscle,increase synthesis of muscular glycogen and protein,muscular weigh,size of fast-and slow-muscle fibers,and accelerate transformation fast-muscle fiber toward slow-muscle fiber.Ursolic acid stimulates muscle satellite cells proliferation,myogenic differentiation of myoblasts,enhances neomyogenesis in skeletal muscle,and promotes skeletal muscle rejuvenation.In addition,Ligustri Lucidi Fructus and its active constituents down-regulating repression of atrogin-1 and muscle ring-finger protein-1 (MuRF-1),and anti-oxidation and anti-inflammation,it may protect and treat for muscle atrophy and fatigue-induced muscle injury.

Allocation of resources for diseases control and prevention in Beijing, from 2010 to 2015 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To explore the allocation of resources for diseases control and prevention in Beijing CDC and to put forward related scientific evidence for improvement.Methods To gather and comparatively analyze the human,financial and material resources of Beijing CDC reported by China Information System,from 2010 to 2015.Results Research findings showed that on average,1.43 CDC members served ten thousand people in Beijing in 2015,which was below the set national standard.The proportion of staff with either master/doctor degrees or senior professional titles showed an annual upward trend from 2010 to 2015 (P＜0.05),the proportion was higher in the municipal CDC than that in the District CDCs,in 2015 (P＜0.05).Fiscal deficit had existed for many years.The average capability for different kinds of testings did not reach the national standard.Numbers of instruments and equipment were higher than that of the national standard.The average space of Beijing CDC was 55.9 square meters/person,again had not met the nationally recommended criteria.Conclusions The allocation of CDC human resources was significantly imbalanced in Beijing.The structure of CDC human resources should be improved.We suggested that the Full Funding Security Model'should be unified.And the average space of the Beijing CDC should meet the national standard in the years to come.

Epidemic trend on notifiable communicable diseases from 2010 to 2015 in Beijing / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To analyze the trends and epidemiological characteristics of notifiable communicable diseases from 2010 to 2015 in Beijing so as to provide reliable reference data.Methods Data on the epidemiological characteristics was gathered and analyzed through the monitoring programs on notifiable diseases,reported by the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention,from 2010 to 2015.Results A total of 764 290 cases of notifiable communicable diseases were reported from 2010 to 2015 in Beijing.The annual reported incidence on notifiable communicable diseases showed an annual downward (x2=1.25 × 104,P＜0.01),with rates between 498.95/100 000 and 828.45/100 000.The annual reported incidence rates of intestinal infectious diseases and respiratory infectious diseases also showed an annual downward (x2=1.25 × 104,P＜0.01;x2=4.97 × 102,P＜0.01),which accounted for 39.72％ and 33.01％ among the total classes A and B reported cases,respectively.The average annual reported incidence rates in males were higher than that in females.The average annual incidence of children under 7 years old appeared higher than that of the other age groups that accounted for 47.79％ of the total reported cases.High incidence mainly appeared in children that living scattering around which accounted for 31.64％ of the total reported cases.The first three leading incidence rates seen in other infectious diseases were infectious diarrhea,hand-foot-and-mouth disease and dysentery for the last consecutive 6 years.The laboratory diagnosed rate on notifiable disease was 16.67％,but with a trend of annual increase.Conclusion Intestinal infective diseases kept the highest incidence among all the notifiable communicable diseases,suggesting the necessity of improving the prevention and control programs on notifiable communicable diseases in preschool,especially in those children with their houses scattered around.Programs on laboratory diagnosis also need to be strengthened.

Allocation of resources for diseases control and prevention in Beijing, from 2010 to 2015 / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To explore the allocation of resources for diseases control and prevention in Beijing CDC and to put forward related scientific evidence for improvement.Methods To gather and comparatively analyze the human,financial and material resources of Beijing CDC reported by China Information System,from 2010 to 2015.Results Research findings showed that on average,1.43 CDC members served ten thousand people in Beijing in 2015,which was below the set national standard.The proportion of staff with either master/doctor degrees or senior professional titles showed an annual upward trend from 2010 to 2015 (P＜0.05),the proportion was higher in the municipal CDC than that in the District CDCs,in 2015 (P＜0.05).Fiscal deficit had existed for many years.The average capability for different kinds of testings did not reach the national standard.Numbers of instruments and equipment were higher than that of the national standard.The average space of Beijing CDC was 55.9 square meters/person,again had not met the nationally recommended criteria.Conclusions The allocation of CDC human resources was significantly imbalanced in Beijing.The structure of CDC human resources should be improved.We suggested that the Full Funding Security Model'should be unified.And the average space of the Beijing CDC should meet the national standard in the years to come.

Epidemic trend on notifiable communicable diseases from 2010 to 2015 in Beijing / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To analyze the trends and epidemiological characteristics of notifiable communicable diseases from 2010 to 2015 in Beijing so as to provide reliable reference data.Methods Data on the epidemiological characteristics was gathered and analyzed through the monitoring programs on notifiable diseases,reported by the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention,from 2010 to 2015.Results A total of 764 290 cases of notifiable communicable diseases were reported from 2010 to 2015 in Beijing.The annual reported incidence on notifiable communicable diseases showed an annual downward (x2=1.25 × 104,P＜0.01),with rates between 498.95/100 000 and 828.45/100 000.The annual reported incidence rates of intestinal infectious diseases and respiratory infectious diseases also showed an annual downward (x2=1.25 × 104,P＜0.01;x2=4.97 × 102,P＜0.01),which accounted for 39.72％ and 33.01％ among the total classes A and B reported cases,respectively.The average annual reported incidence rates in males were higher than that in females.The average annual incidence of children under 7 years old appeared higher than that of the other age groups that accounted for 47.79％ of the total reported cases.High incidence mainly appeared in children that living scattering around which accounted for 31.64％ of the total reported cases.The first three leading incidence rates seen in other infectious diseases were infectious diarrhea,hand-foot-and-mouth disease and dysentery for the last consecutive 6 years.The laboratory diagnosed rate on notifiable disease was 16.67％,but with a trend of annual increase.Conclusion Intestinal infective diseases kept the highest incidence among all the notifiable communicable diseases,suggesting the necessity of improving the prevention and control programs on notifiable communicable diseases in preschool,especially in those children with their houses scattered around.Programs on laboratory diagnosis also need to be strengthened.

Large facial defect reconstruction with partition pre-expanded cervico-scapulo-dorsal flaps based on the superficial cervical artery / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess the outcome of large facial defect reconstruction with "partition" pre-expanded cervico-scapulo-dorsal flaps (CSDF) based on the superficial cervical artery (SCA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Surgical course consisted of 3 stages. In stage I, a skin flap was designed along the axis of SCA according to the facial defect and an expander was implanted in the cervico-scapulo-dorsal region by means of "partition" expansion. The expanders were implanted beside the flap axis and beneath the posterior half of flaps so as to expand only half area of the flap. During the stage II, expanders were injected with saline regularly for continuous expansion. In stage III, the pre-expanded CSDFs were transferred to cover the facial defect of which the CSDFs included about half of non-expanded area.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>From November of 2008 to December of 2013, 15 patients with facial hypertrophic scar or scar contracture were reconstructed with pre-expanded CSDF based on the SCA. The expansion lasted for 3 to 4 months, and the expanded volume varied from 680 to 960 ml. One case of 4.0 cm x 1.5 cm epidermal flap necrosis occurred and healed subsequently with superficial scar; and another case of blister formation in the distal part of flap was found, which recovered without scar; the other 13 flaps survived without complications. After a follow-up for 12 to 38 months( average 26. 2 months), patients regained satisfactory appearance of face, with no obvious hypertrophic scar in the donor site.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Partition preexpanded CSDF based on the SCA is a good choice for large facial defect reconstruction, and the partition expansion is an effective strategy for prevention of venous congestion.</p>

Expression of AEG-1-1 gene in NSCLC and its clinical significance / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To investigate the expression of AEG-1 gene in NSCLC and its clinical significance. Methods:Selected our hospital cardiothoracic surgical resection of 83 cases of postoperative cancer tissues of NSCLC patients and 20 paracancer to study, immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression level of AEG-1 protein in two groups,the clinical and pathological of AEG-1 protein in patients with NSCLC was analyzed. Results:NSCLC tissues AEG-1 protein expression 46 cases ( 55. 42%) was sig-nificantly higher than 2 cases ( 10. 00%) of paracancer ( P0. 05 ) . AEG-1 high expression of NSCLC in patients with a median survival time of 15. 0 months was significantly lower than that of 19. 0 months (log-rankχ2=4. 119 P<0. 05,) in patients with low expression of AEG-1. Conclusion:AEG-1 gene expression has been up-regulated in NSCLC tissue,which was related to the clinical stage and distant metastasis of the patients.

Clinical application of prefabricated super-thin perforator flaps after expansion in the reconstruction of facial and cervical scar / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore a combined application of tissue expansion, perforator flaps and super-thin flaps in reconstruction of extensive face and neck scars.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In the first stage, the position and course of the perforators were confirmed with the multi-detector computed tomography ( MDCT) and color Doppler ultrasound. The expanders were implanted between subdermal vascular plexus and superficial fascia. In the second stage, the expanded super-thin perforator flaps were transferred to resurface the extensive defects and deformities in the face and neck.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>26 cases with extensive facial and cervical scars were included in this study. Except for one case with necrosis at the distal end, the other 25 flaps survived completely. The maximum flap size was 35 cm x 10 cm with a pedicle of 8 cm x 4 cm. Long-term follow-up showed that this combined application provided thinner flap than the conventional pre-expanded flap, thus avoiding secondary flap debulking and revisions. All the patients got improvement in contours, facial features and emotional expression.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The combined application of tissue expansion, perforator flaps and super-thin flaps is a practical method which has advantages in feature recontouring and recovery of delicate emotions in reconstruction of extensive face and neck scars.</p>

Effect of adipose tissue extract on promoting angiogenesis and adipogenesis in tissue engineering chamber in vivo / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the influence of adipose tissue extract on inducing angiogenesis and adipogenesis in adipose tissue engineering chamber in vivo.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>6 months' healthy New Zealand rabbits (n = 64) were picked. The inguinal fat pads were cultured, centrifuged, filtered, and the liquid was called adipose tissue extract (ATE). Two adipose tissue engineering chamber were built in the rabbit's back. A week later, 0.2 ml normal saline (control group, left) and 0. 2 ml ATE (experimental group, right) was respectively injected into the chamber. The contents were evaluated morphometrically, histologically and immunohistochemically 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, 4 weeks and 7 weeks after injection. 8 rabbits were observed each time. The data regarding the number of the volume of fat flap and blood capillary at each time point were analyzed by paired t test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After injection, new tissue volume was significantly increased in the experimental group [(5.12 ± 0.22) ml], compared with that in control group [(4.90 ± 0.15) ml]. Early angiogenesis was also increased after ATE injection and the total number of capillaries reached peak 1 week after injection, which was (72.80 ± 9.67) in experimental group and (51.40 ± 6.09) in control group. In the mid-term of experimental period, earlier adipogenesis appeared in experimental group. In the later period, the outer capsule of the new construction was thinner in experimental group which reduced the suppression of the adipogenesis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>ATE can promote the angiogenesis and adipogenesis in the chamber, and reduce the capsule contracturing, so as to induce the large volume of adipose tissue regeneration</p>

Comparing radiation dose and image quality between spectral CT and conventional multi-slice CT in imaging liver / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of spectral CT mode in imaging liver by comparing the radiation dose and image quality between spectral CT and conventional multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT).Methods Thirty patients (group A) underwent three-phasic enhanced CT scans spectral CT mode in the portal phase (PP) and conventional helical mode in other phases (Discovery CT 750 HD,GE Healthcare).Another 30 patients in group B underwent conventional three-phasic enhanced CT on a 64-slice MSCT (VCT,GE Healthcare) with 120 kVp and automatic tube current modulation (ATCM) and noise index of 15.The images in PP from the two imaging modes were retrospectively compared.The contrast-noiseratio (CNR) for the veins was calculated using liver parenchyma as background.For the spectral CT mode,101 sets of monochromatic images were reconstructed from 40 to 140 keV,and the optimal energy level for obtaining the highest CNR was determined using the Gemstone Spectral Imaging (GSI)-viewer software.Image noise (at 70 keV),CNR (at the optimal keV level) for the vein and radiation dose to the patient were obtained for spectral images and statistically compared with those in group B with the conventional MSCT using t test.Results The CTDIw value in PP for spectral CT was 15.64 mGy,30％lower than the (22.44 ± 5.09) mGy for the conventional MSCT (t =29.56,P ＜ 0.01).Image noises on the liver parenchyma were 22.81 ±2.85 and 23.80 ±3.31 for the conventional MDCT and spectral CT images at 70 keV,respectively,with no significant difference (t =0.76,P ＞ 0.05).On the other hand,CNR for the vein at the optimal energy level in spectral CT was 7.17 ± 2.09,which was significantly higher than the 2.76 ± 1.34 for the conventional MSCT (t =7.21,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Compared with conventional standard-dose liver MSCT,spectral CT imaging provides improved CNR for vessels,comparable image noise for liver parenchyma with 30％ dose reduction.

Effects of different human adipose-derived cells in promoting human adipose tissue engraftment in nude mice / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the optimal seed cells derived from human adipose tissue for promoting the engraftment of transplanted adipose tissue in nude mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Human adipose tissue granules (0.3 ml) obtained from patients undergoing liposuction were mixed with hypoxic adipose-derived stem cells (ADCs, group A), ADCs (Group B), stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells (group C), or pure adipose tissue granules in complete culture medium particles (group D). The mixtures were injected subcutaneously on the back of 6 nude mice, and the transplanted adipose tissues were harvested 3 months later to examine the engraftment using histological method and HE staining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The wet weights of the adipose grafts in groups B and C (91.67∓1.472 mg and 96.67∓5.164 mg, respectively) were similar (P>0.05), but both significantly higher than those in groups A and D (61.67∓8.165 mg and 40.83 ∓4.916 mg, respectively, P<0.05). The grafts in groups A, B and Cshowed a significantly higher blood vessel density than those in group D; the blood vessel density was the highest in group C (P<0.05) and similar in groups A and B (P>0.05). Histologically, the adipose grafts in groups B and C consisted predominantly of adipose tissue, with less necrosis and fibrosis than those in groups A and D (P<0.05). The fibrosis count was the highest in group D (P<0.05), and similar in groups B and C (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The adipose-derived stem cells, especially ASCs and SVFs, can promote the engraftment of human adipose tissue in nude mice, indicating their potential clinical value in adipose tissue transplantation.</p>

Effect of basic fibroblast growth factor-polylactide sustained release nanospheres on proliferation and adipogenic induction of adipose-derived stem cells in vitro / 中华医学美学美容杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of basic fibroblast growth factor-polyactide release nanospheres on proliferation and adipogenic induction of adipose-derived stem cells in vitro.MethodsAdipose-derived stem cells were isolated and induced for three-line differentiation in vitro.The culture medium and inductive medium of stem cells were prepared containing 0,1,2,3,4 and 5 mg/ml basic fibroblast growth factor-polyactide release nanospheres,respectively.Adipose-derived stem cells were cultured ina 96-well plate and replaced the culture medium containing release nanospheres the second day.The cells proliferation was detected by the method of MTT every day and quanti fication of oil red O every other day.The data obtained were analyzed with SPSS13.0 statistical software.ResultsThe basic fibroblast growth factor polyactide release nanospheres had the ability promoting proliferation and adipogenic induction of adipose-derived stem cells.The best concentration of nanospheres was 3 mg/ml and 4 mg/ml,respectively.ConclusionsThe basic fibroblast growth factor-polyactide release nanospheres could promote proliferation and adipogenic induetionof adipose-derived stem cells significantly.It could be used as an ideal cytokine release nanospheres in adipose tissue engineering.

Effect of Proanthocyanidin on Motor after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats / 中国康复理论与实践

@# Objective To observe the effect of Proanthocyanidin on motor after spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats. Methods 36 healthy adult SD rats were divided into groups A, B and C (n=12), and SCI was induced with Allen's mode (250 g·mm) on T9. Proanthocyanidin 40 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally for group A, methylprednisolone (MP) 30 mg/kg for group B and the same volume of saline for group C 30 min after SCI. 1 d, 3 d and 7 d after operation, all the rats were assessed with Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) scale and slanting board test, and their serumal malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detected. Results The scores of BBB and the slanting board test imporoved more in group A and group B than in group C (P<0.05). The SOD increased and MDA decreased in groups A and B significantly 1 d and 3 d after operation compared with those of group C (P<0.05), and only in group A 7 d after operation (P<0.05). Conclusion Proanthocyanidin may inhibit the lipid peroxidation and promote the recovery of motor after spinal cord injury in rats.

Effect of human serum extracted by two different methods on human dermal fibroblast growth in vitro / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the optimal method for extracting human serum that retains rich growth factors.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Human serum was isolated by centrifugation of coagulated whole blood or by Anitua's method, and the concentrations of PDGF-AB and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) in the serum samples were measured. Human dermal fibroblasts were cultured in the presence of 10% feral bovine serum or 10% human serum obtained, and the cell morphology, viability and proliferative activity of the cells were evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The fibroblasts grew well in all the media with good viability. The cells cultured in the presence of human serum isolated by centrifugation of coagulated whole blood, which had the richest content of growth factors, showed the greatest cell number and cell viability among the groups (P<0.05), a result consistent with the growth curve and MTT curve.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Centrifugation of coagulated whole blood retains high contents of growth factors in human serum to better promote cell growth, and is simple, cost-effective and most efficient for serum isolation.</p>

Construction of tissue-engineered skin flap in vitro / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct a tissue-engineered skin flap using composite skin and adipose tissue constructed by adipose-derived stem cells(ASCs).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Human ASCs isolated from adipose tissue were cultured and identified for their adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation potentials. ASCs were then mixed with collagen gel for adipogenic induction and observed 15 days later with inverted microscope, oil-red O staining and HE staining. To construct the composite skin, keratinocytes and fibroblasts were isolated from human foreskin. The fibroblasts were mixed with collagen gel and cultured for 5 days, and keratinocytes were seeded on the gel for 4 days before transfer of the culture to air-liquid interface for culture for another 10 days. The adipose tissue and composite skin were then assembled according to the structure of normal skin and cultured for 3 days with HE staining observation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The cultured ASCs were capable of adipogenic, osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation, and adipogenic induction of the ASCs-gel complex for 15 days resulted in adipogenic differentiation of the ASCs in gel. The assembled tissue-engineered skin consisted of 3 layers, including a suprabasal layer formed by the stratified and differentiated keratinocytes, the middle layer and sublayer containing numerous cells, and a underlying sublayer formed by the adipogenic ASCs.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Tissue-engineered skin flap can be constructed by assembling composite skin and adipose derived from cultured keratinocytes, fibroblasts, and ASCs.</p>

Mechanical property of tooth-like yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal by adding rare earth oxide / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the influence of mechanical property of tooth-like yttria-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystal (Y-TZP) by adding rare earth oxide as colorants.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Six kinds of tooth-like Y-TZP were made by introducing internal coloration technology. The colorants included rare earth oxide (Pr6O11, CeO2, Er2O3) and transition element oxide (MnO2). Mechanical properties (flexural strength, vickers hardness and fracture toughness) were tested. Microstructure was examined by scanning electron microscope(SEM), and the fracture model was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The range of flexural strength of the six kinds of tooth-like Y-TZP were (792 +/- 20)-(960 +/- 17) MPa, the fracture toughness were (4.72 +/- 0.31)-(5.64 +/- 0.38) MPam(1/2), and the vickers hardness were (1332 +/- 19)-(1380 +/- 17) MPa. SEM observation on the cross section of the six kinds of sintered composites showed a relatively dense polycrystal structure, and the fracture models was mixed type.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Tooth-like Y-TZP is acquired with better mechanical properties (fracture toughness and vickers hardness) by adding rare earth oxide as colorants. It is available for clinical application.</p>

Repair for chronic radioactivity ulceration on chest wall with transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flaps(TRAM) / 中华显微外科杂志

Objective To study and solve the repairing and reconstruction characteristic for chronic radioactivity ulceration on chest wall.Methods Using transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flaps (TRAM) to repair and reconstruct 12 cases serious chronic radioactivity ulceration after radical operation of mastocarcinoma.Including 6 cases using single pedicle TRAM flaps, 6 cases using double pedicle TRAM flaps.Results All 12 cases were applied successfully with 100% survived and were followed-up for 1 to 4 years.There were better colour, texture, elasticity on flap and obviously improvement for cicatricial tissue round ulceration.Conclusion It is better choice for repairing chronic radioactivity ulceration on chest wall with transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flaps and it is also reliable method for flap circulation using double pedicle TRAM flaps by vascular anastomosis.