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AIM: To investigate the influence of the duration of orthokeratology lens cessation on patients' refractive status and corneal endothelial cells.METHODS: Adolescent myopia patients who wore orthokeratology lens from July 2019 to July 2020 and recently planned to stop wearing the lens were divided into mild group and severe group according to spherical equivalent. Refractive status, corneal morphology, corneal endothelial cells, and visual quality were measured at cessation and 1, 2 and 3mo after cessation.RESULTS: The corneal flat K values, steep K values and mean K values in the two groups were lower at cessation than those before wearing lenses. These values returned to the level before wearing lenses at 2mo after cessation(P>0.05). The corneal astigmatism, surface regularity index and surface asymmetry index in each group showed no statistically significant difference before wearing lenses and at 1, 2 and 3mo after cessation(P>0.05). There was no significant change in corneal endothelial cell density of the two groups at 1, 2 and 3mo after cessation compared with those before wearing lenses(P>0.05). The proportion of hexagonal cells in the two groups was lower at cessation than that before wearing lenses, and it returned to the level before wearing lenses at 1mo after cessation(P>0.05).CONCLUSION: Corneal morphology and corneal endothelial cells can be restored to the level before wearing orthokeratology lens at 3mo after cessation.
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Since ancient times， delaying aging， health， and longevity have been the universal wish of people. Nowadays， China gives top strategic priority to the development of people's health. How to maintain a healthy life and slow down the aging of the human body is a problem worthy of our attention. Human aging can be shown as cell senescence from the microscopic level. Cell senescence is a process in which cell proliferation and differentiation and physiological function gradually decline. It is a normal physiological function responsible for the removal of damaged cells and is the regeneration and recovery of tissues after injury or acute stress. Aging is an irresistible natural law. Although it is inevitable， it is possible to delay aging. Energy metabolism is an important basis of cell function， in which cells use nutrients such as sugar and fat to produce adenosine triphosphate （ATP）. Mitochondria serve as the cell's power stations， where sugars， fats， and amino acids are eventually oxidized to release energy. Mitochondrial function decreases with age. Changes in mitochondrial dynamics， reactive oxygen species content， autophagy， and metabolites can cause dysfunction of electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation， and induce mitochondrial dysfunction. Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the internal causes of many aging-related diseases， such as neurodegenerative diseases， Alzheimer′s disease， and atherosclerosis. Chinese medicine with few side effects and rich ingredients and health care moxibustion with safety and efficacy have been widely applied to the field of anti-aging. This study reviewed the effect of mitochondrial function on cell senescence， and retrieved， analyzed， and summarized research papers on the mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and moxibustion in delaying aging by affecting mitochondrial function， which is expected to provide new insights for further research in this field.
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Objective:To evaluate the relationship between red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and metabolic syndrome (MS) in patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).Methods:A total of 415 patients with abnormal glucose tolerance were screened by oral glucose tolerance test in Changsha Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital (Changsha Eighth Hospital) from October 2015 to September 2019. General data were collected and blood routine and biochemical indexes were detected. There were 193 cases in the observation group and 222 cases in the control group. The RDW and other clinical indicators were compared between the two groups, the correlation between RDW and other indicators was analyzed, and the risk factors of metabolic syndrome were analyzed.Results:⑴ The RDW, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), height (Ht), weight (Wt), waist circumferenc (Wc), triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CHOL), low density lipoprotein (LDL), creatinine (Cr), uric acid (UA), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), body mass index (BMI) of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group, while the high density lipoprotein (HDL) was significantly lower than that of the control group, with statistically significant difference ( P<0.05); ⑵ correlation analysis showed that RDW was positively correlated with SBP, DBP, Ht, Wt, Wc, TG, CHOL, Cr, UA, ALT, hs-CRP, BMI, and negatively correlated with HDL ( P<0.05); ⑶ binary logistic regression analysis showed that RDW, Wt, Wc, CHOL, HDL, LDL and hs-CRP were independent risk factors for MS in patients with impaired glucose tolerance. Conclusions:The increase of RDW is a predictor of metabolic syndrome in people with abnormal glucose tolerance, which may provide some reference value for the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome.
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Thyroid cancer is a common head and neck malignant tumor,it has become a malignant tumor of the highest incidence in young women in China.The treatment of thyroid cancer is a surgery-based comprehensive therapy,and the protection of the parathyroid gland during surgery has always been a major problem for clinicians.The methods for protection of parathyroid glands are in situ preservation or immediate parathyroid autotransplantation according to whether or not the blood supply can be maintained.To identify the parathyroid gland is the key issue of the protection during thryoidectomy.This article reviews the recent progress of the identification and protection of parathyroid glands at home and abroad.
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Objective@#To investigate the application of virtual reality technology in the preoperative evaluation of complex head and neck carcinoma and he value of virtual reality technology in surgical treatment of head and neck carcinoma.@*Methods@#The image data of eight patients with complex head and neck carcinoma treated from December 2016 to May 2017 was acquired. The data were put into virtual reality system to built the three-dimensional anatomical model of carcinoma and to created the surgical scene. The process of surgery was stimulated by recognizing the relationship between tumor and surrounding important structures. Finally all patients were treated with surgery. And two typical cases were reported.@*Results@#With the help of virtual reality, surgeons could adequately assess the condition of carcinoma and the security of operation and ensured the safety of operations.@*Conclusions@#Virtual reality can provide the surgeons with the sensory experience in virtual surgery scenes and achieve the man-computer cooperation and stereoscopic assessment, which will ensure the safety of surgery. Virtual reality has a huge impact on guiding the traditional surgical procedure of head and neck carcinoma.
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Objective To investigate the expression differences and significance of periostin (PN) in eyelid basal cell carcinoma associated fibroblasts (BCAFs) andnormal fibroblasts (NFs) after separation,culture,purification and identification.Methods The third generation of purified BCAFs and NFs was selected,and the concentrations of cell suspensions were modulated to 20 × 106 L-1 by trypsin,and then the cell suspension were seeded and cultured in 6-well plate by 2 mL per well.The cell culture supernatants were collected when BCAFs and NFs were cultured by serum-free medium for 48 h,then the content of PN in cell culture supernatants from BCAFs and NFs was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The glass coverslips were placed at the bottom of the 6-well plate to make cell slides,and then the expression of PN in BCAFs and NFs cells were tested by immunofluorescence staining.Results ELISA showed that the content of PN in cell culture supernatants from BCAFs and NFs was (9.26 ± 2.35) μg · L-1 and (2.57 ± 0.41) μg · L-1.And the expression level of PN in BCAFs tested by immunofluorescence staining technology was higher than that in NFs cells,and the differences were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The expression and secretion of PN in the eyelid BCAFs were highly enhanced when compared with NFs,suggesting that periostein may promote or inhibit the occurrence and development of the eyelid basal cell carcinoma in the microenvironment of the eyelid basal cell carcinoma.
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OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the clinical efficacy of Tibolone tablet in the treatment of senile vaginitis, and provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment. METHODS:Retrieved from PubMed,Medline,CJFD,CBM,VIP and Wangfang Database,randomized controlled trials(RCT)about Tibolone tablet in the treatment of senile vaginitis were collct-ed. Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.2 software after data extract and quality evaluation. RESULTS:Totally 10 RCTs were enrolled,involving 909 patients. Results of Meta-analysis showed Tibolone tablet can significantly improve the cure rate of senile vaginitis [RR=1.46,95%CI(1.32,1.61),P<0.001],maturation vaginal cell index score [SMD=1.83,95%CI(1.65, 2.01),P<0.001] and vaginal health score [SMD=1.56,95%CI(1.21,1.92),P<0.001],reduce recurrence rate [RR=0.07,95%CI (0.02,0.18),P<0.001] and vaginitis score [SMD=-1.44,95%CI(-1.79,-1.08),P<0.001]. CONCLUSIONS:Tibolone tablet has good clinical efficacy in the treatment of senile vaginitis,it can improve the vaginal mucosa estrogen and vaginal environment, reduce recurrence rate.
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Stribild is a compound preparation composed of elvitegravir, cobicistat, emtricitabine and tenofovir. As for the first-treated AIDs patients or re-treated patients with creatinine clearance≥70ml·min-1 , it has definite clinical effect. Owing to once a day, stribild can enhance the acceptability of the patients, and as for the patients treated with other regimen complicated with diarrhea, pain in stomach and numbness in hands and feet, it also provides a good option. However, its adverse effects on kidney, liver and bone density in the long term use should be paid attention.
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OBJECTIVE@#To explore the expression and significance of Eotaxin and RANTES in the rat model of allergic rhinitis (AR).@*METHOD@#20 female SD rats in 6-7 weeks were randomly divided into control group and AR group (n = 10, respectively). AR rat model was made with ovalbumin stimulation. To detect pathological changes in mucosa and chemokine Eotaxin, RANTES in their nasal and lung tissues after execution.@*RESULT@#Compared with the control group, Lung EOS cell counted higher in AR group and the difference was significant (P < 0.01); the AR rats nasal mucosa and lung tissue of Eotaxin, RANTES expression was significantly increased (P < 0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#There exist high expression of Eotaxin, RANTES, infiltration of eosinophils in nasal and lung tissue of model rats with allergic rhinitis, inferring that the upper and lower respiratory tract inflammatory response has obvious consistency.
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Animais , Feminino , Ratos , Quimiocina CCL11 , Metabolismo , Quimiocina CCL5 , Metabolismo , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Pulmão , Metabolismo , Mucosa Nasal , Metabolismo , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Rinite Alérgica , MetabolismoRESUMO
China is a major producer of Chinese materia medica (CMM) and has abundant resources. With the increasingly serious environmental pollution and shortage of CMM resources, the traditional way of CMM development has fallen behind of the needs of the society. Therefore, it has become the most serious challenge for reserchers to make the most rational use of CMM. Using all relevant knowledge as well as a variety of new technology, to have a cross-disciplinary research of CMM is the most efficient way to improve the comprehensive utilization of CMM and maintain sustainable development, and also the trend of future research on CMM.
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Cardiac hypertrophy is an independent risk factor for sudden cardiac death in clinical settings and the incidence of sudden cardiac death and ventricular arrhythmias are closely related. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of the calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) II inhibitor, KN-93, on L-type calcium current (I(Ca, L)) and early after-depolarizations (EADs) in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes. A rabbit model of myocardial hypertrophy was constructed through abdominal aortic coarctation (LVH group). The control group (sham group) received a sham operation, in which the abdominal aortic was dissected but not coarcted. Eight weeks later, the degree of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was evaluated using echocardiography. Individual cardiomyocyte was isolated through collagenase digestion. Action potentials (APs) and I(Ca, L) were recorded using the perforated patch clamp technique. APs were recorded under current clamp conditions and I(Ca, L) was recorded under voltage clamp conditions. The incidence of EADs and I(ca, L) in the hypertrophic cardiomyocytes were observed under the conditions of low potassium (2 mmol/L), low magnesium (0.25 mmol/L) Tyrode's solution perfusion, and slow frequency (0.25-0.5 Hz) electrical stimulation. The incidence of EADs and I(ca, L) in the hypertrophic cardiomyocytes were also evaluated after treatment with different concentrations of KN-92 (KN-92 group) and KN-93 (KN-93 group). Eight weeks later, the model was successfully established. Under the conditions of low potassium, low magnesium Tyrode's solution perfusion, and slow frequency electrical stimulation, the incidence of EADs was 0/12, 11/12, 10/12, and 5/12 in sham group, LVH group, KN-92 group (0.5 μmol/L), and KN-93 group (0.5 μmol/L), respectively. When the drug concentration was increased to 1 μmol/L in KN-92 group and KN-93 group, the incidence of EADs was 10/12 and 2/12, respectively. At 0 mV, the current density was 6.7±1.0 and 6.3±0.7 PA·PF(-1) in LVH group and sham group, respectively (P>0.05, n=12). When the drug concentration was 0.5 μmol/L in KN-92 and KN-93 groups, the peak I(Ca, L) at 0 mV was decreased by (9.4±2.8)% and (10.5±3.0)% in the hypertrophic cardiomyocytes of the two groups, respectively (P>0.05, n=12). When the drug concentration was increased to 1 μmol/L, the peak I(Ca, L) values were lowered by (13.4±3.7)% and (40±4.9)%, respectively (P<0.01, n=12). KN-93, a specific inhibitor of CaMKII, can effectively inhibit the occurrence of EADs in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes partially by suppressing I(Ca, L), which may be the main action mechanism of KN-93 antagonizing the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias in hypertrophic myocardium.
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Animais , Feminino , Coelhos , Benzilaminas , Farmacologia , Proteína Quinase Tipo 2 Dependente de Cálcio-Calmodulina , Metabolismo , Cardiomegalia , Metabolismo , Miócitos Cardíacos , Metabolismo , Fisiologia , Sulfonamidas , FarmacologiaRESUMO
ObjectiveTo investigate the characteristics of autonomic nervous response of armymen with different mentalqualityuse the enhanced emotion regulationstrategies during fear emotion processes.Methods Mental Quality Questionnaire of Armymen was used to select participants from 818 armymen,screening out 30 armymen with low mental quality,30 armymen with moderate and 30 armymen with high.With elicitation of fear emotion,the participants adopted enhance emotion regulation strategies (cognition emphasis and emotion catharsis),and their blood volume pulse( BVP),skin conductance( SC ),normalized high frequency spectral component(HFnorm),standard deviation of all normal intervals(SDNN) and the recovery time of BVP and SC were recorded.Results ( 1 ) The different mental quality of army men activity in the autonomic physiological changes were not significant differences in resting state.(2) When using the cognition emphasis,the SC of different mental quality of armymen were reduced,and low mental quality of armymen( ( -0.67 ± 1.05 )μ.Ω),moderate mental quality of armymen ( ( - 0.49 ± 0.75 ) μΩ) had larger SC than high mental quality of armymen ( ( - 2.16 ± 2.18 ) μΩ ) ;high mental quality of armymen( ( - 2.17 ± 8.96) nU ) had lower HFnorm than the control( ( 6.96 ± 7.08 ) nU ).When using emotion catharsis,high mental quality of armymen ( ( 1.95 ± 6.58 ) nU ) had lower HFnorm than the control( (6.96 ±7.08)nU).(3)When using the cognition emphasis,low mental quality of armymen ((65.50 ±43.43 )s) had longer recovery time of BVP than high mental quality of armymen( (26.50 ± 25.72)s).When using emotion catharsis,low mental quality of armymen( (71.50 ± 48.36)mm Hg)had longer recovery time of BVP than high mental quality of armymen ( ( 21.00 ± 35.50 ) mm Hg) ; low mental quality of armymen ( ( 103.50 ± 38.01 ) s)had longer SC than moderate( (63.50 ±48.59)s) and high mental quality of armymen( (61.50 ±33.09) s).Conclusion The ability to regulate sympathetic in low mental quality group is weaker than the high mental quality group,although sympathetic can be suppressed when enhanced emotion regulation are adopted.
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Objective To investigate the characteristics of autonomic nervous responses to down-regulating emotion strategy in servicemen with different mental qualities and exposed to fear emotion. Methods Mental Quality Questionnaire of Armymen was employed to select participants from 841 servicemen from Chongqing, among whom 90 participants were randomly selected, including 30 with high mental quality, 30 with moderate mental quality and 30 with low mental quality. Fear emotion was elicited among them by watching 2 video clips, and an 8-channel bio-feedback instrument was used to record their autonomic nervous responses and the average recovery time by down-regulating emotion strategy. Results (1) When the cognitive-avoidance was employed, the blood volume pulse (BVP) in the low mental quality group ([5. 47 ± 6. 33] mmHg, 1 mmHg = 0. 133 kPa) was significantly higher than those in the moderate and high mental quality groups ([1. 26 ± 2. 54; 0. 94 ± 3. 10] mmHg), but the standard deviation of all normal intervals(SDNN) in the low mental quality group ([3. 31 ± 17. 69] ms) was significantly lower than that in the high mental quality group ([52. 23 ± 47. 30] ms). (2)In the servicemen with high mental quality the recovery time of BVP (26. 00 ± 43. 84) s] was significantly higher by simply watching than those by expression-suppression ([23. 50 ± 34. 96] s) and the cognitive-avoidance ([22. 00 ± 36. 15]s). Meanwhile, the recovery time of skin conductance (SC) in high mental quality group ([106. 50 ± 20. 28]s) was significantly higher than that in the low mental quality group([103. 00± 37. 73] s). (3) When the cognitive-avoidance strategy was used, the recovery time of SC was significantly longer in the high mental quality group ([68. 50 ± 49. 39] s) than that in moderate ([106. 50 ± 24. 95]s) and low mental quality groups ([118. 00 ± 4. 22] s). (4) There was no significant difference in autonomic nervous responses between the different mental quality groups when down-regulating modulation was used to reduce the fear emotion. Conclusion Cognitive-avoidance strategy is more beneficial for the servicemen with high mental quality receiving down-regulating modulation of the fear emotion. The ability to regulate the sympathetic nerve and parasympathetic nerve is stronger in servicemen with high mental quality level than those with moderate and low mental qualities.
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Cardiac hypertrophy is an independent risk factor for sudden cardiac death in clinical settings and the incidence of sudden cardiac death and ventricular arrhythmias are closely related. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of the calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) II inhibitor, KN-93, on L-type calcium current (I(Ca, L)) and early after-depolarizations (EADs) in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes. A rabbit model of myocardial hypertrophy was constructed through abdominal aortic coarctation (LVH group). The control group (sham group) received a sham operation, in which the abdominal aortic was dissected but not coarcted. Eight weeks later, the degree of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) was evaluated using echocardiography. Individual cardiomyocyte was isolated through collagenase digestion. Action potentials (APs) and I(Ca, L) were recorded using the perforated patch clamp technique. APs were recorded under current clamp conditions and I(Ca, L) was recorded under voltage clamp conditions. The incidence of EADs and I(ca, L) in the hypertrophic cardiomyocytes were observed under the conditions of low potassium (2 mmol/L), low magnesium (0.25 mmol/L) Tyrode's solution perfusion, and slow frequency (0.25-0.5 Hz) electrical stimulation. The incidence of EADs and I(ca, L) in the hypertrophic cardiomyocytes were also evaluated after treatment with different concentrations of KN-92 (KN-92 group) and KN-93 (KN-93 group). Eight weeks later, the model was successfully established. Under the conditions of low potassium, low magnesium Tyrode's solution perfusion, and slow frequency electrical stimulation, the incidence of EADs was 0/12, 11/12, 10/12, and 5/12 in sham group, LVH group, KN-92 group (0.5 μmol/L), and KN-93 group (0.5 μmol/L), respectively. When the drug concentration was increased to 1 μmol/L in KN-92 group and KN-93 group, the incidence of EADs was 10/12 and 2/12, respectively. At 0 mV, the current density was 6.7±1.0 and 6.3±0.7 PA·PF(-1) in LVH group and sham group, respectively (P>0.05, n=12). When the drug concentration was 0.5 μmol/L in KN-92 and KN-93 groups, the peak I(Ca, L) at 0 mV was decreased by (9.4±2.8)% and (10.5±3.0)% in the hypertrophic cardiomyocytes of the two groups, respectively (P>0.05, n=12). When the drug concentration was increased to 1 μmol/L, the peak I(Ca, L) values were lowered by (13.4±3.7)% and (40±4.9)%, respectively (P<0.01, n=12). KN-93, a specific inhibitor of CaMKII, can effectively inhibit the occurrence of EADs in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes partially by suppressing I(Ca, L), which may be the main action mechanism of KN-93 antagonizing the occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias in hypertrophic myocardium.
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Objective To compare the levels of murine basophils distribution in different organs and analyze the characteristics of CD4+T cells activation/differentiation regulated by basophils.Methods Firstly,the mononuclear leukocytes were isolated separately from periphery blood,liver,spleen,lung and lymph nodes and the percentages of FcεR I+CD49b+ basophils in different organs were investigated.Secondly,liver basophils were purified by immuno-microbead strategy and co-clutured with different cytokines for 24 h.Apoptosis status of basophils was detected by Annexin V straining method.Thirdly,Mice were subcutaneously implanted with a miniosmotic pump containing 5 μg IL-3.At day 7 after implantation,liver mononuclear cells were harvested and the percentages of basophils were analyzed.Finally,Th1/Th2 polarization influenced by basophils orientated cytokines was investigated when naive OT-Ⅱ CD4 T cells were stimulated with spleen dentritic cells and OVA peptides.Results The percentage of murine basophils in mononuclear leukocytes of liver was significantly higher than that of periphery blood,spleen,lung and lymph nodes under physiological condition.Both of in vitro and ex vivo experiments showed that IL-3 played an inhibitory role on apoptosis of basophils.Cytokines secreted by basophils was investigated to induce Th2 polarization and inhibit Th1 response when naive OT-Ⅱ CD4 T cells were co-cultured with spleen dentritic cells and OVA peptides.Conclusion Th2 response was enhanced and Th1 response was down-regulated by murine basophils,which implied that basophils might participate in the construction of liver specific physiological immuno-tolerant microenvironment.
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ObjectiveTo study the effect of adaptive group psychological training on mental quality and emotion of soldiers.MethodsA total of 48 soldiers ( experiment group) received group psychological training and read a textbook,Mental Quality Training for soldiers,for 3 months,and the other 45 soldiers served as control group.Armyman mental quality inventory (AMQI),self-rating depression scale (SDS) and state-trait anxiety inventory(STAI) were employed to evaluate the mental quality and emotion of soldiers before and after training.All data were analyzed by paired-sample t test.Results ①As compared with pre-training,the AMQI scores of training group increased significantly in bravery ( 71.50 ± 9.59 ),self-confidence ( 68.24 ± 8.36 ),aptitude ( 74.54 ± 10.81 ),loyalty(75.29 ± 8.08 ) and general score ( 359.07 ± 20.30 ) (P ＜ 0.05,P ＜ 0.01 ) ; and no significant difference were found in those of control group(P ＞ 0.05 ).②When compared with pre-training,the scores of SDS (39.00 ±8.38),SAI(40.14 ±9.92),TAI(41.16 ±7.47) and STAI(81.30 ± 12.52) of training group decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.05,P＜ 0.01 ) ; and no significant difference was found in those of control group(P ＞0.05 ).ConclusionGroup psychological training can improve mental quality of soldiers,which is helpful to relax anxiety and depression of soldiers.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the characterization of time distribution of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with Brugada syndrome (BrS) using Holter monitoring and ICD follow-up.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Patients with BrS [all male, mean age (41.07 +/- 11.49) years], were divided into ventricular fibrillation (VF) group (n = 7) and no ventricular fibrillation (N-VF) group (n = 7). Premature ventricular capture (PVC) and VF episodes were detected by Holter monitoring and ICD recording.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The 24 hours total number of PVCs ranged from 0 to 74 (mean 9.61 +/- 17.23) in most of the patients and were similar between VF group and N-VF group. The percentage of PVC episodes in VF group was significantly higher than that in N-VF group from nocturnal time to early morning (22:00 to 7:00, 98.67% vs. 44.14%, P < 0.01). There were total 75 VF episodes during (23.18 +/- 17.96) months' follow-up in 5 patients with BrS, 93.3% of which occurred from nocturnal time to early morning (22:00 to 7:00).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The episodes of PVC were enriched from nocturnal time to early morning in BrS patients, this time distribution could be a new noninvasive risk stratification factor for BrS. The episodes of VF in BrS patients were also enriched from nocturnal time to early morning and this time characteristic of episodes of VF could be used to guide drug therapy.</p>
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Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Síndrome de Brugada , Eletrocardiografia , Seguimentos , Fatores de Risco , Tempo , Fibrilação VentricularRESUMO
Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics and causes of ischemic cerebrovascular disease(ICD)in children.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 53 cases with ICD from Feb.2002 to Jun.2008 at the department of neurology in Wuhan Children's Hospital.The self-designed questionnaire of children with ICD was used,whose items included patients' age,gender,personal history,clinical features,cerebrospinal fluid examination,neurological imaging,immunologic examination,metabolic examination,and so on.Results Of 53 children with ICD,30 cases(56.6%)were male,and 23 cases(43.4%)were female.Patients' age varied from 9 months to 12 years old,in which 45 cases(84.9%)were less than 6 years old.Patients from rural area(60.4%)were more than those from city(39.6%).Ratio of limb paralysis was 75.5%(40 cases)in first clinical symptomatology of children with ICD,including hemiplegia in 32 cases(60.4%),alternate hemiplegia in 5 cases(9.4%)and monoplegia in 3 cases(5.7%).Skull CT/MRI scan was performed to reveal 27 cases(50.9%)with basal ganglia region infarction and secondly 15 cases(28.3%)with multi-lobar infarction.Forty cases were found in abnormal cerebrovascular image by means of magnetic resonance angiography/digital subtraction angiography,in which middle cerebral artery and its branches were involved in 21 cases(52.5%).There were 41 cases(77.4%)of patients to be found with clear causes,of which 13 cases(24.5%)were of infections,8 cases(15.1%)of moyamoya disease,5 cases(9.4%)of cerebral vascular malformations,4 cases(7.5%)of head trauma.However,another 12 cases(22.6%)of patients had unknown etiology.Conclusions Children with ICD had characteristics themselves.The limb paralysis was mostly the first symptoms,and the middle cerebral artery and its branches lesions were the most common locations in children with ICD,and next the internal carotid artery involvement,anterior cerebral artery involvement,posterior cerebral artery involvement,cerebral vascular malformations,and so on.Their major cause was infection,followed by Moyamoya disease,cerebrovascular malformations and head trauma,and there were still some unknown causes.
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0.05).The abrupt onset of the inflammatory arteriopathy group was 10 cases(31.2%),the abrupt onset of the noninflammatory arteriopathy group was 38 cases(58.5%),there was significant difference for the mode of onset between the 2 groups(?2=6.352 P
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore dysfunction mechanism of rat alveolar type II (AT-II) injured by bleomycin (BLM).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>SD rats were injected with a single intratracheal dose of bleomycin or control saline. On day 7, 14, and 28 following intratracheal bleomycin or saline instillation, animals were killed under overdose of 1.5% sodium pentobarbital (0.25 ml/100 g, i.p.) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from the lung was tested for the activity of pulmonary surfactant (PS) by the Whihelmy Film Balance. Several concentrations of bleomycin stimulated the culture of rat AT-II cells, and surfactant protein (SP) A, B, and aquaporin-1 (AQP) mRNA were analyzed by fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (FQ-PCR).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The activity of PS and hypoxemia significantly decreased on day 7 and improved on day 14 and completely recovered to normal status on day 28. SP-A, B, and AQP-1 mRNA expression in BLM-stimulated group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>BLM-injured AT-II cells decrease the levels of SP-A, B, and AQP-1 mRNA and cause PS dysfunction, resulting in hypoxemia and pneumonedema.</p>