effect of pamidronate on bone mineral density in primary osteoporosis in Pakistani population

Objective: To study the protective effect of Bisphosphonates [Pamidronate] in patients of primary osteoporosis in Pakistani setup. Study Design: Quasi experimental study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was carried out at department of orthopedic and spine surgery, CMH Rawalpindi, from Sep 2011 to Sep 2013

Material and Methods: A non probability convenience sample was collected from 50 patients who visited orthopaedics department with complaints of generalized aches and pains and diagnosed to have primary osteoprosis. Osteoporosis was confirmed by DEXA scan, with a T-score of more than -2.5. Pamidronate-a bisphosphonate, was given I/V on monthly basis along with oral calcium. After 6 month and one year DEXA scan was repeated to observe its effect on bone mineral densit

Results: Osteoporosis T score of DEXA scan was seen to improve by 19.3% [0.193 T score improvement] with a p-value less than 0.05

Conclusion: Pamidronate treatment increased bone mineral density in osteoprotic patients

Urgency index and time management in a work environment

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify the urgency patterns and the effect of time management

Study Design: A survey based descriptive study

Place and Duration of Study: Army Medical College, Rawalpindi Pakistan, from June to August 2015

Material and Methods: Through random sampling, sample size was limited to 50 respondents. Questionnaire was introduced after the informed consent to the management and faculty of the Army Medical College. It was divided into section of demographic data and and data regarding the awareness about time management and practices of effective time management in the organization. Second section composed of the urgency index questions and calculations of the total score. Third section was the Steve Covey Time Management Grid to categorize activities into four quadrants. The time management matrix technique [TMMT] was constructed by Steve Covey to focus on the control of personal actions rather than purely scheduling time

Results: Twenty eight [56%] males and 22 [44%] females participated in the study with mean age of 43.54 +/- 7.58. Four [8%] were single and 46 [92%] were married. Mean working experience of the participants was 17.55 +/- 7.36. Categories of the participants into low urgency and high urgency index after calculation of the scores reflected that most of the participants irrespective of the gender or length of the work experience were suffering from high urgency patterns of life style

Conclusion: Most of the participants were suffering from high urgency patterns of life style. Urgent tasks have short-term penalties while important tasks are those with objective-oriented consequences

Hepatitis C virus [HCV] awareness among medical students in Rawalpindi

To assess HCV awareness level among medical students. Cross sectional descriptive study. The study was conducted at Army Medical College Rawalpindi from March to October 2012. A structured questionnaire based cross sectional study was conducted including male and female medical students from 3rd and 4th year of both MBBS and BDS classes. The data was reported in the form of frequencies and percentages of correct answers and p value was calculated for the difference in level of correct answers regarding HCV routes of transmission, between male and female students using chi-square test. Survey showed that male students were more knowledgeable about HCV than females. Regarding possible transmission routes for HCV, it is evident that most of the students knew that main spreading cause is blood products, injection drug users and reuse of syringes as compared to other risks. Misconceptions observed are of significance especially at the level of health care providers as this can hinder their professional duties, interaction with the patient and treatment. Knowledge regarding HCV among medical students is inadequate and it can influence HCV prevalence, treatment and management in society

Hepato-protective effect of ascorbic acid on oxidative stress in mice exposed to cypermethrin

To evaluate protective effect of ascorbic acid on liver parameters in mice exposed to Cypermethrin. Laboratory based randomized control trial. Research was conducted in Army Medical College's biochemistry and molecular biology department in association with department of pathology, Army Medical College, Rawalpindi and National Institute of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan from 19 May 2013 to 17 June 2013. Thirty albino mice of Balb/C strain weighing 40-45 g were randomly divided into three groups. Each group comprised 10 mice. Control group A which received normal diet. Cypermethrin experimental group B received Cypermethrin with normal diet experimental group C which received Cypermethrin and vitamin C with normal diet. This process continued for 28 days. After this duration serum alanine aminotransferase [ALT] and serum aspartate aminotransferase [AST] values were determined. Serum ALT and AST levels were significantly increased in group B as compared to group A [p < 0.001]. ALT levels of group A and group C were insignificant [p = 0.473]. AST levels of group A and C were significantly different [p < 0.01]. Ascorbic acid can protect liver from Cypermethrin induced oxidative stress in mice

Biochemical study to study the effect of alphatocopherol on the glycemic profile in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats

This study was aimed to assess the anti-hyperglycemic effects of alphatocopherol. We assessed the hypothesis that administration of exogenous antioxidant alphatocopherol can restore a more balanced glucose homeostasis. The objective of the study was to evaluate the antihyperglycemic activity of Alphatocopherol in Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Albino rats of Sprague Dawley variety were divided into 3 groups of 30 each.Group-1 was the control group which was neither diabetic nor was provided with alphatocopherol, group-2 served as the diabetic control, which was made diabetic by an intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin but was fed with usual rodent feed while group-3 was the experimental group which was both diabetic and was also treated with alphatocopherol enriched diet. After 21 days of experimentation, blood sugar was estimated. Alphatocopherol produced a significant reduction in FBG in the STZ induced diabetic rats

biochemical study on the effect of alphatocopherol on lipid profile in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats?

Antioxidants are considered to be the effective and safe alternative and/or complementary treatments for diabetes mellitus. This study was aimed to assess the anti-dyslipidemic effects of alphatocopherol. We assess the hypothesis that administration of exogenous antioxidant alphatocopherol can restore a more balanced lipid homeostasis. The objective of the study was to evaluate the antidyslipidemic activity of Alphatocopherol in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Albino rats of Sprague Dawley variety were divided into 3 groups of 30 each. Group-1 was the control group which was neither diabetic nor was provided with alphatocopherol, group-2 served as the diabetic control, which was made diabetic by an intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin but was fed with usual rodent feed while group-3 was the experimental group which was both diabetic and was also treated with alphatocopherol enriched diet. After 21 days of drug administration, blood lipid profile was estimated. Alphatocopherol produced a significant near normalization of the lipid profile