BCR-ABL₁ transcripts (MR(4.5)) at post-transplant 3 months as an early predictor for long-term outcomes in chronic myeloid leukemia

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aim of this study was to identify the role of BCR-ABL1 transcript level as a predictor for post-transplant relapse and outcome in patients who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) for chronic phase (CP) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). METHODS: Of 101 patients receiving allograft in CML CP, 85 had available quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction data at post-transplant 3 months. These patients were divided into two groups according to molecular response (MR(4.5)), defined as a BCR-ABL₁ transcript level ≤ 0.0032% on the international scale, at 3 months based on receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of relapse. RESULTS: The 4-year overall survival and event-free survival (EFS) were 80.6% and 57.3%, respectively, and the cumulative incidence of relapse at 4 years was 29.6% after a median follow-up of 126.4 months. We performed multivariate analyses including potential variables to evaluate the early predictive role of MR(4.5) at 3 months and found that MR(4.5) at 3 months was associated with a higher EFS (p = 0.028) and showed a trend for a lower relapse rate (p = 0.089). CONCLUSIONS: our results imply that frequent molecular monitoring and immune suppressive therapy modulation are required for patients without reduction of BCR-ABL1 transcripts to this level after SCT.

Cases of Swallow Syncope Induced by the Activation of Mechanorecepters in the Lower Esophagus

Swallowing is a rare cause of neurally mediated syncope. The mechanism of swallow syncope that contributes to hypotension, bradycardia, or to both is complex. A 59-year-old man had experienced a recurrent loss of consciousness during swallowing of carbonated beverages or sticky foods. Another 59-year-old man had complained of intermittent syncope just after eating foods. These two patients had no significant structural or functional abnormalities in the esophagus or heart. Both cases showed bradycardia when the lower esophagus was stretched by balloon inflation. The activation of mechanoreceptors in the lower esophagus can be regarded as an initiating factor of these cardioinhibitions. The patients were treated with permanent pacemaker implantation and instructed to change eating habits, respectively.

The Characteristics of Korean Smoker, Enrolled in'5 day Smoking Cessation4 School' and The Effect of Inpatient Smoking Cessation Program / 결핵및호흡기질환

BACKGROUND: Cigarette smoking is the single biggest avoidable cause of death and disability in most countries. Effective prevention of cigarette Smoking and help for those wishing to quit can therefore yield enormous health benefits for populations and individuals. Although most of smokers try to stop smoking for themselves, the success rate of quitting smoking is very low. Promoting and supporting smoking cessation should be an important health policy priority for healthcare professionals in all clinical settings. In this study, we tried to evaluate the effect of the educational program for smoking cessation of our hospital, the smoking pattern, and characteristics of adult smokers enrolled in the program. METHODS: We enrolled 640 smokers, who has visited the '5 day stop smoking school' for smoking cessation from Jan 1998 to 2001. we evaluated the characteristics of the smokers based on the self report questionnaire at the beginning of the program and we also checked 100 smokers, enrolled in Inpatient Smoking Cessation Educational program, their smoking behavior and the cessation rate with postal questionnaire after finishing this program from Nov 2002 to Jan 2003. RESULTS: The health was most common motivation for smoking cessation. The stress was the most important motivation of smoking. The overall smoking cessation rate of the smokers enrolled in inpatient smoking cessation school was 60%. The age of starting smoking and the kind of occupation have a significant difference between the success group and failure group of smoking cessation. CONCLUSION: The inpatient smoking cessation program was effective smoking cessation intervention in the adult smokers who enrolled in '5 day stop smoking school'.

A Case of Atypical McCune-Albright Syndrome Associated with Hyperthyroidism and Hypersecretion of Growth Hormone / 대한내분비학회지

McCune-Albright syndrome is characterized by polyostotic fibrous dysplasia, Caf -au-lait pigmentation and precocious puberty or other endocrinopathy. It can be caused by substitution of His, Cys or Gly for Arg 201st amino acid of the Gs protein subunit. The case of a 32-year-old woman, with atypical McCune-Albright syndrome, is reported. She had no skin lesion or precocity puberty. The polyostotic fibrous dysplasia was examined by a simple radiological image and whole body scan. She developed hyperthyroidism, with a multinodular toxic goiter. No thyroid related autoantibodies were detected. The cause of hyperthyroidism was thought to be a non- autoimmune thyroid hyperfunction. The level of growth hormone was not suppressed by oral glucose load. After a bromocriptine suppression test, the level of growth hormone decreased. There was no mass in the pituitary gland on a sellar MRI. A case of atypical McCune-Albright syndrome, including hyperthyroidism and hypersecretion of growth hormone, is reported.

Morphological Changes of the Nasal Respiratory Epithelium of Mice Following Industrial Adhesive Vapor Inhalation / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Social awareness of the narcotic effects of industrial adhesive vapors have been aroused by some teens who are reported to inhale these vapors to get the narcotic effects. When inhaled, the toxic effects of these chemicals are concentrated to the field of central nervous system, and the excretion system of metabolites like the liver and kidney. The effects of industrial adhesive vapors on the respiratory epithelium are unclear so far. MATERIALS AND METHOD: This was designed to study the morphological changes after exposure of the chemicals on the nasal mucosa in mice. Young healthy mice were exposed to industrial adhesive vapor (mixtures of acetone 5212+/-1268 ppm, c-hexane 3757+/-711 ppm, methyl cyclopentane 1820+/-375 ppm, n-hexane 139+/-30 ppm, toluene 0.9+/-1.4 ppm) for 20 min, once daily for 3 days, 5 days, 7 days, and 14 days. After adhesive vapor exposure, mice respiratory mucosa were excised, fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for immuno-histochemistry and in 2.5% glutaraldehyde -1.5% paraformaldehyde for transmission electron microscopy and in 2.5% glutaraldehyde for scanning electron microscopy. Fixed tissues were processed for immunohistochemistry and for electron microscopy. RESULTS: Cellular degeneration and necrosis were seen on exposure day 3 and 5 which included erosion or ulceration of epithelium, exfoliation of cell, deciliation, shrinkage of goblet cells etc. The architecture of ciliated columnar cells and goblet cells were regenerated on day 7. Among the ciliated cells, most of the cells were replaced by cuboid ciliated cells. And the secretory pattern of the goblet cells were also changed from the merocrine to apocrine type at same days of exposure. On the other hand, the PCNA immunochemical study revealed that positive cells were increased on day 5. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the nasal mucosa of mice can be damaged to some extent by daily regular exposure of industrial adhesive vapor. However, it could have a potency of regeneration to cuboidal cells, which are thought to change into more resistant cells in order to adapt to repetitive external stimuli.

A case of abnormally exposed nodular shaped-bronchial vessel occurred massive hemorrhage during bronchoscopy / 결핵

A 43 years old woman with a previous history of healed tuberculosis presented with a recurrent hemoptysis. On a broncoscopy inspection, three nodular shaped mass-like lesions (0.5cm in diameter) were found on the right lower lobar bronchus. Massive hemoptysis occurred when the specimen were taken during bronchoscopy. The bleeding could not be controlled by non-surgical treatment. Consequently, she underwent a right lower lobectomy in order to control the bleeding. The patient died of respiratory failure 3 days later. A brochoscopic biopsy revealed an abnormal blood vessel just beneath the bronchial respiratory epithelium.

A case of abnormally exposed nodular shaped-bronchial vessel occurred massive hemorrhage during bronchoscopy / 결핵

A 43 years old woman with a previous history of healed tuberculosis presented with a recurrent hemoptysis. On a broncoscopy inspection, three nodular shaped mass-like lesions (0.5cm in diameter) were found on the right lower lobar bronchus. Massive hemoptysis occurred when the specimen were taken during bronchoscopy. The bleeding could not be controlled by non-surgical treatment. Consequently, she underwent a right lower lobectomy in order to control the bleeding. The patient died of respiratory failure 3 days later. A brochoscopic biopsy revealed an abnormal blood vessel just beneath the bronchial respiratory epithelium.

Traumatic False Aneurysm: Report of Two Cases / 대한정형외과학회잡지

False aneurysm is one of the complications of untreated arterial injury. Most traumatic aneurysms in the extremities are false, and they are usually caused by penetrating trauma. The pathogenesis of false aneurysm is initiated by a damaged artery that allows hemorrhage into surrounding soft tissue, an encapsulated hematoma is then formed, which undergoes organization, with invasion of fibrin and con-nective tissue, and the endothelialization of its central cavity, which communicates with the arterial defect, forming the false aneurysm. We experienced two cases of traumatic false anerysm of a left anterior tibial artery and a right radial artery, which were treated successfully by end-to-end anastomosis in the former and a saphenous vein graft in the latter.

A case of combined deficiency of antithrombin III and protein C complicated by recurrent venous thrombosis / 대한내과학회지

Primary venous thrombosis caused by deficiency or qualitative abnormality of antithrombin III, protein C and protein S is usually inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. Usually, deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary thromboembolism is developed by such abnormalities, however, mesenteric vein thrombosis is rarely reported. A 27-year-old man with previous history of deep vein thrombosis underwent segmental resection of jejunum due to mesenteric vein thrombosis complicated by necrosis of jejunum. Postoperative investigation disclosed combined deficiency of antithrombin III and protein C. His son also showed deficiency of antithrombin III. Postoperatively, he is on life-long warfarin therapy without experiencing recurrence of venous thrombosis.

Avulsion Fracture of the Second Metacarpal Base by the Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus: A Case Report / 대한정형외과학회잡지

An avulsion fracture of the second metacarpal base by the extensor carpi radialis longus is rare. There have been only 7 reports (in 10 patients) of this injury in the literature. We report upon a case of avulsion fracture of the second metacarpal base, which was treated successfully by open reduction and internal fixation.

Morphological Changes of the Olfactory Mucosa in Mice Exposed to Industrial Bond Vapor / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Recently, accidents have been reported of young adults who inhale industrial bond vapor. Acquiring industrial bond is easy for young adults, and glue sniffing has thus become a serious social problem. However, there have been few reports concerning the changes in the olfactory epithelium after exposure of industrial bond vapor. The aim of this study is to describe the morphological changes of the olfactory mucosa after being exposed to industrial bond vapor, using HE, AB, AB-PAS stains, immunohistochemistry and the electron microscopy. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Healthy ICR mice were exposed to industrial bond vapor (acetone 5212+/-1268 ppm, c-hexane 3757+/-711 ppm, methylcyclopentane 1820+/-375 ppm, n-hexane 139+/-30 ppm and toluene 0.9+/-1.4 ppm). The vapor was given to each animal with duration of 20 min/day for 3 days, 5 days, 7 days or 14 days in a specially designed box for this study. After exposure to industrial bond vapor, mice olfactory mucosae were excised and prepared for HE, AB, AB-PAS stains, immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. RESULTS: Loss of cells and disarrangements of olfactory epithelium were prominent on the third day of exposure and the epithelium recovered to the normal state after the day 7 in the HE stain. And there were also definite ultrastructural changes in the epithelium : loss of microvilli in supporting cells, exposure of olfactory vesicles to the luminal surface and apoptotic bodies in electron microscopic study. Study with the AB and AB-PAS stains demonstrated an evidence of decreased mucin secretion on the day 3 and the content of mucin was normalized after the day 7. In the PCNA study, cells were unable to proliferate until day 3. The proliferation potential were increased (4 fold) on day 5 and returned to normal on day 14. CONCLUSION: This result indicated that industrial bond vapor can damage the olfactory epithelium of mice which can recover rapidly. Apoptosis and active proliferation could be the factors that are involved in the recovery of the epithelium that is open to regular industrial bond vapor exposure on daily basis.

The Histologic Study of the Neoendothelialization of Polytetrafluoroethylene as an Arterial Substitute in Rabbit / 대한정형외과학회잡지

The purpose of this study was to investigate the patency rates and the histologic findings of neoen- dothelialization according to the length of implanted polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) with an internal diameter of 3 mm. Under the operating microscope, grafts of 8 and 24 mm in length were implanted in the right carotid arteries of thirty rabbits by interrupted end-to-end microanastomosis. They were divided into two groups according to the length of implanted PTFE. Each group compised fifteen rabbits. All implanted grafts were 25 pm in fibril length and 0.39 mm in wall thickness. Three grafts per group were harvested at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after implantation respectively and all grafts were observed for patency rates and the histologic findings with light microscope and scanning electron microscope. In conclusion, there was no difference in patency rates according to the length of implanted PTFE and histologically the formation of neointima and subintimal tissue was delayed and incomplete in longer implanted PTFE.

Experimental Study of the Histologic Findings of the Neoendothelialization according to Diameter of Polytetrafluoroethylene in Dog / 대한정형외과연구학회지

The purpose of this study was to investigate the patency rates and the histologic findings of neoendothelialization according to the diameter of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) which is the most widely used synthetic graft for blood vessel. Under the operating microscope, grafts of 3 and 5mm in diameter were implanted in both femoral arteries of ten mongrel dogs by interrupted end-to-end microanastomosis. They were divided into two groups according to the diameter of implanted PTFE (3 and 5mm). Each group had five dogs. The lengths of implanted PTFE were 20mm in both groups. All implanted grafts were 25 urn in fibril length and 0.39mm in wall thickness. Two grafts from one dog were harvested at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after implantation and all PTFE grafts were observed for patency rates. The histologic analysis was performed under a light microscope and scanning electron microscope. In conclusion, PTFE with larger diameter than that of recipient vessel is recommended as the grafts for implantation because PTFE is not as elastic as normal vessel.

Experimental Study of the Histologic Findings of the Neoendothelialization according to Length of Polytetrafluoroethylene in Rabbit / 대한정형외과연구학회지

The purpose of this study was to investigate the patency rates and the histologic findings of neoendothelialization according to the length of implanted polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) with an internal diameter of 3mm. Under the operating microscope, grafts of 8 and 24mm in length were implanted in the right carotid arteries of thirty rabbits by interrupted end-to-end microanastomosis. They were divided into two groups according to the length of implanted PTFE. Each group had fifteen rabbits. All implanted grafts were 25micro meter in fibril length and 0.39mm in wall thickness. Three grafts per group were harvested at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after implantation and all grafts were observed for patency rates and the histologic findings with a light microscope and scanning electron microscope. In conclusion, there was no difference in patency rates according to the length of implanted PTFE. However, the formation of neointima and subintimal tissue was delayed and incomplete in the longer implanted PTFE group.

A clinical study of the carpal tunnel syndrome / 대한정형외과학회잡지

No abstract available.

Cementless bipolar hemiarthroplasty and cementless total hip replacement arthroplasty in avascular necrosis of the femoral head / 대한정형외과학회잡지

No abstract available.

A clinical study of vascularized osteocutaneous fibular transfer to the tibia / 대한정형외과학회잡지

No abstract available.

Comparative analysis of the radiographic measurements of the acetabular cup / 대한정형외과학회잡지

No abstract available.

Giant cell tumor of distal femur treated by allograft: a case report / 대한정형외과학회잡지

No abstract available.