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Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the vital health problems worldwide leading to increased global morbidity and mortality. Thyroid dysfunction including hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism and non-thyroidal illness has been reported in CKD patients. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of subclinical and overt hypothyroidism among chronic kidney disease patients. This study also tried to correlate thyroid function abnormalities with severity of renal failure.Method: In this observational and cross sectional study, 100 patients of CKD who were admitted in Department of Medicine, Rajendra institute of medical sciences, Ranchi were studied for thyroid function abnormalities. Result: This study found that glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is positively correlated with serum T3 and T4 level (i.e. with decreasing renal function both T3 and T4 levels decreased). Serum creatinine levels were negatively correlated with serum T3 and T4 level.Conclusions: From this study it was established that CKD is associated with thyroid dysfunction characterized by low serum fT3 and fT4 with high TSH in some cases.
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Introduction: Myopia is a very common condition affectingpeople worldwide. Current research aimed to study the effectsof oral citicoline as treatment option in myopic amblyopia.Material and Methods: Patients of myopic amblyopia ofage group 5-30 years were evaluated between June2018 toMarch2019. Detailed eye examinations including visualacuity, refraction, and dilated fundoscopy were done. Patientswere randomly divided into 2 groups. 1 group of patients weregiven oral citicoline(500mg) daily for 12 weeks. Other groupof patients was given placebo daily for 12 weeks. All patientswere followed up to at monthly interval for 6 months; visualacuity and refraction were done in each follow up visit.Results: Total 378 patients with myopic amblyopia wereidentified. Visual acuity improved or became stable overtime following citicoline therapy, as compared to placebo.Maximum improvement in visual acuity was from 6/60 to6/9(p).Conclusion: Citicoline therapy resulted in significantimprovement or stability of visual acuity in myopic amblyopicpatients.