The Application in The Development of Immunoassay Based on Upconversion Nanomaterials / 生物化学与生物物理进展

Immunoassays are widely used in medicine, food, environment and other fields due to having the advantages of simpleness, rapidness and accuracy. Combining immunoassays with nanomaterials can improve the performance of immunoassays. Compared with traditional nanomaterials, upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have excellent optical properties such as good photostability, long luminescence lifetime and narrow and tunable emission bands, which can significantly reduce background noise and improve analytical sensitivity when combined with immunoassay. This paper briefly introduces the luminescence mechanism of UCNPs, summarizes the synthesis and surface modification methods of UCNPs. And then 5 UCNPs-based immunoassay techniques, namely, fluorescence resonance energy transfer, inner filter effect, magnetic separation technique, upconversion-linked immunosorbent assay and upconversion immunochromatography, are discussed in detail. These sensing protocols of UCNPs-based immunoassays have been successfully utilized to detect various targets, including small molecules, macromolecules, and pathogens, all of which closely related to food safety, human health, and environmental pollution. Finally, the challenges and prospects of this technique are summarized and prospected. Although the UCNPs immunoassays based on antibodies and antigens have made great progress, most of the research is still in the stage of laboratory, and there is a long way to go to realize its social applications. There is a series of challenges need to be overcome. (1) Designing excellent water soluble and dispersive upconversion nanomaterials is needed. Hydrophilic ligands are bound to smaller upconversion nanoparticles and removing hydrophobic surface ligands are the most widely used methods to improve solubility and dispersity. (2) Multi-detection technology platforms and multi-mode simultaneous detection platforms have great potential, which will improve the efficiency of point of care detection. (3) The researchers also need to focus on some important problems. For examples, the upconversion luminescence efficiency of UCNPs is difficult to maintain, the synthesis method is complex, and the surface modification degree and functionalization are difficult to control.

Performance and applicability evaluation of pressure infusion cuff and blood warmer under severe cold environments in the field / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To test the performances and applicability of the pressure infusion cuff and blood warmer under severe cold environments in the field.Methods Under the severe cold conditions in the field,the simulated hemorrhagic shock patient was placed on a stretcher and transported to a transfer vehicle 2 km away,a pressure infusion cuff and blood warmer was used to perform fluid resuscitation and heating and pressurization blood transfusion during the transport,and the effect of heating and pressurization of the device during the transport was evaluated;two healthy adult male pigs were selected to construct animal models of hemorrhagic shock from war wounds,of which one pig was used as an experimental animal to be treated by blood transfusion with a pressure infusion cuff and blood warmer and the other pig was recognized as a control animal to be treated by blood transfusion using commercially available inflatable pressurized bags and thermostats,and comparison analysis was carried out on the changes in vital signs of animals before and after treatment by the 2 methods of warming and pressurization and the effects of warming and pressurization transfusion.Results The pressure infusion cuff and blood warmer gained advantages in convenience,efficiency and applicability during patient transport;the experimental animal behaved better than the control animal in vital signs such as blood volume,pressure and respiration,transfusion speed and fluid warming.Conclusion The pressure infusion cuff and blood warmer has high efficiency and is applicable under severe cold conditions in the field.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2023,44(11):117-120]

Role of microRNA-132 and Mecp2 in methamphetamine dependence / 中国药理学通报

Aim To explore the roles of miRNA-132 and its related proteins(Mecp2, CREB)in the mechanism of methamphetamine(MA)-induced neurotoxicity and dependence.Methods The rats were intraperitioneally injected(ip)with MA(10 mg·kg-1·d-1)to establish methamphetamine dependence model with different dependent time courses of 1 week, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks respectively.The miRNA-132 and Mecp2 mRNA were detected by RT-qPCR, and the Mecp2, p-Mecp2, CREB and p-CREB proteins were detected by Western blot in the tissues of frontal cortex and hippocampus.Results In the frontal cortex, the miRNA-132 and Mecp2 mRNA were up-regulated in MA-dependent groups(P<0.05 and P<0.01), while the Mecp2 protein were down-regulated(P<0.01).MA could promote the phosphorylation of Mecp2 protein in the frontal cortex(P<0.01).In hippocampus, the miRNA-132 was down-regulated in the MA-dependent groups, but Mecp2 mRNA was up-regulated(P<0.05).Mecp2 protein increased in MA-dependent 1 week group(P<0.05), and then recovered with the prolonged time of MA dependence, then decreased in MA-dependent 4 weeks groups(P<0.05)in hippocampus.The phosphorylation level of Mecp2 was significantly decreased in the 1 week group(P<0.01), and then increased in the 2 weeks group(P<0.01)in hippocampus.Conclusions MA could induce an abnormal expression of miRNA-132 in the frontal cortex and hippocampus, and miRNA-132 might inhibit the translation of Mecp2 mRNA and induce the decrease expression of Mecp2 protein in the frontal cortex.But in hippocampus, miRNA-132 does not show the correlation with the Mecp2 expression trend of the frontal cortex.And miRNA-132 regulation does not depend on the expression of Mecp2 in hippocampus.

Delivery room resuscitation and short-term outcomes of extremely preterm and extremely low birth weight infants: a multicenter survey in North China / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Delivery room resuscitation assists preterm infants, especially extremely preterm infants (EPI) and extremely low birth weight infants (ELBWI), in breathing support, while it potentially exerts a negative impact on the lungs and outcomes of preterm infants. This study aimed to assess delivery room resuscitation and discharge outcomes of EPI and ELBWI in China.@*METHODS@#The clinical data of EPI (gestational age [GA] <28 weeks) and ELBWI (birth weight [BW] <1000 g), admitted within 72 h of birth in 33 neonatal intensive care units from five provinces and cities in North China between 2017 and 2018, were analyzed. The primary outcomes were delivery room resuscitation and risk factors for delivery room intubation (DRI). The secondary outcomes were survival rates, incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), and risk factors for BPD.@*RESULTS@#A cohort of 952 preterm infants were enrolled. The incidence of DRI, chest compressions, and administration of epinephrine was 55.9% (532/952), 12.5% (119/952), and 7.0% (67/952), respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that the risk factors for DRI were GA <28 weeks (odds ratio [OR], 3.147; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.082-4.755), BW <1000 g (OR, 2.240; 95% CI, 1.606-3.125), and antepartum infection (OR, 1.429; 95% CI, 1.044-1.956). The survival rate was 65.9% (627/952) and was dependent on GA. The rate of BPD was 29.3% (181/627). Multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors for BPD were male (OR, 1.603; 95% CI, 1.061-2.424), DRI (OR, 2.094; 95% CI, 1.328-3.303), respiratory distress syndrome exposed to ≥2 doses of pulmonary surfactants (PS; OR, 2.700; 95% CI, 1.679-4.343), and mechanical ventilation ≥7 days (OR, 4.358; 95% CI, 2.777-6.837). However, a larger BW (OR, 0.998; 95% CI, 0.996-0.999), antenatal steroid (OR, 0.577; 95% CI, 0.379-0.880), and PS use in the delivery room (OR, 0.273; 95% CI, 0.160-0.467) were preventive factors for BPD (all P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Improving delivery room resuscitation and management of respiratory complications are imperative during early management of the health of EPI and ELBWI.

Prediction of anti-liver fibrosis effect of Piperis Longi Fructus based on network pharmacology / 中国中药杂志

Network pharmacology and liver fibrosis(LF) model in vitro were used to analyze the underly mechanism of anti-liver fibrosis effect that induced by Piperis Longi Fructus and its major active compounds. TCMSP and TCMIP were used to search for the chemical constituents of Piperis Longi Fructus, as well as the oral bioavailability(OB), drug-likeness(DL), intercellular permeability of intestinal epithelial cells(Caco-2) and Drug-likeness grading were set as limiting conditions. The related target genes of Piperis Longi Fructus were queried by TCMSP database, while related targets of LF were screened by GeneCards databases. Interaction network was constructed using Cytoscape 3.7.1. These above data were imported into STRING database for PPI network analysis. Enrichment of gene ontology(GO) and pathway analysis(KEGG) within Bioconductor database were utilized to note functions of related targets of Piperis Longi Fructus. Finally, the core targets and pathways were preliminarily verified by in vitro experiments. The effects of piperlongumine(PL), the major active component of Piperis Longi Fructus, on proliferation of rat liver stellate cells(HSC-T6) and expression of α smooth muscle actin(α-SMA) and collagen Ⅰ were investigated. The major factors TNF-α of tumor necrosis factor(TNF) pathway and NF-κB p65, IL-6 protein expressions of LF process were examined. A total of 12 active compounds such as PL were obtained by analyzing the bioavailability and drug-like properties, which inferred to 48 targets. The functional enrichment analysis of GO obtained 1 240 GO items, mainly involving in process of biology and molecular function. A total of 99 signaling pathways were enriched in the KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, including TNF signaling pathway, cGMP-PKG signaling pathway, calcium signaling pathways. CCK-8 assay showed that PL inhibited proliferation of HSC-T6 induced by transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1). Western blot analysis found that treated with PL suppressed the protein expressions of α-SMA, collagen Ⅰ, TNF-α and p65 in HSC-T6. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) showed that PL inhibited the expressions of TNF-α and IL-6 in the cluture supertant of HSC-T6 cells. In conclusion, PL could play an anti-liver fibrosis role by regulating TNF/NF-κB signaling pathway. This study provided the mechanism basis of anti-LF effects induced by Piperis Longi Fructus and its major active compounds, which might help for the further study of the mechanism and key targets of Piperis Longi Fructus.

Current Situation of Methamphetamine Abuse and Related Research Progress / 法医学杂志

Drug problem is a major social and public security problem in the world. Drug abuse poses a great threat to economic development, social stability and public health. In recent years, synthetic drugs represented by methamphetamine have surpassed traditional drugs such as morphine, heroin, ketamine and become one of the most abused drugs in the world. In order to solve the problem of drug abuse, it is of great theoretical value and practical significance to carry out all-round and multi-level scientific research on drug-related issues. Based on the current situation of drug abuse, this article reviews research progresses on the epidemiology of methamphetamine abuse, the monitoring technology, the basic researches on toxicity damage, the withdrawal drug screening, the related clinical comorbidity and the testing technologies, comprehensively presenting the development trend of methamphetamine abuse related issues.

Advance in Quality of Life of Patients with Chronic Heart Failure and Primary Caregivers (review) / 中国康复理论与实践

Chronic heart failure is the end stage of different cardiovascular diseases and usually has a high readmission rate and mortality, and the current optimal treatment is dissatisfied. The quality of life of patients with chronic heart failure and their primary caregivers is at a medium-to-low level, especially in physical, psychological and social dimensions. Furthermore, chronic heart failure patients and their primary caregivers usually suffered from a relatively higher degree of anxiety and depression, which further impaired their quality of life. The quality of life about chronic heart failure patients could be improved by using accurate drug therapy, cardiac resynchronization therapy, implantable cardioverter defibrillator and proper exercise rehabilitation according to the recent studies.

Molecular identification of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in a severe pulmonary patient with pemphigus from Hainan Province of China

Objective: To describe a case of Strongyloides (S.) stercoralis infestation with severe lung involvement in a patient who had pemphigus and treated with prednisone and to analyze the molecular characteristics of the S. stercoralis isolate. Methods: A 54-year-old Chinese man living in rural area of the Hainan Province, China. He had a 1-year history of pemphigus and took prednisone for more than six month. He was admitted to the hospital with a 1-week history of abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting. Two days before admission, he presented with cough, expectoration, and shortness of breath after activity accompanied by fever. Computed tomography (CT) of the chest was performed at different stage of admission. Gastric juice, sputum and stool sample smears were examined under light microscope. The larvae of Strongyloides were found from gastric juice, sputum and stool samples of the patient and the genomic DNA of the larvaes was extracted. PCR amplification of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) gene was carried out for the DNA sample and the products were sequenced. Results: CT of the chest on day 1 of admission showed inflammation in the tongue segment of the upper lobe of the left lung and the lower lobe of both lungs and the subsequent CT of the chest revealed extensive bilateral pulmonary infiltrates. PCR amplification and sequencing analysis of the Strongyloides larvae directly colleted from the gastric juice, sputum and stool samples on day 10 of admission showed that 100% homology with the sequence of S. stercoralis isolated in a human from Iran (GenBank No. MG995852). Clinical and imageologicalimprovement was achieved after treatement of albendazole (600 mg/day). Conclusions: This is the first case report of pulmonary S. stercoralis infection in a patient with pemphigus treated with prednisone in Hainan Province of China. We suggested that strongyloidiasis should be routinely investigated in patients presenting with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, cough or expectoration which were accompanied by fever, especially for patients with low immune function or immune deficiency. .

Occurrence and molecular characterization of Enterocytozoon bieneusi among long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) in Hainan Province: High genetic diversity and zoonotic potential

Objective:Microsporidia have been rapidly emerging as pathogens in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent humans. Enterocytozoon bieneusi (E. bieneusi) is the most common microsporidial species found in human. E. bieneusi has also been found in a wide range of animals and is considered to be a potentially important zoonotic pathogen. The epidemiological and genetic characterization of E. bieneusi among long-tailed macaques [Macaca fascicularis (M. fascicularis) is not fully understood. Here, we conducted the first molecular epidemiological investigation of E. bieneusi among M. fascicularis in Hainan Province, the southernmost part of China.Methods:A total of 193 fecal specimens of M. fascicularis were collected from a breeding base housing non-human primates for experimental use in Hainan Province, China. E. bieneusi was identified and genotyped by nested PCR analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the rRNA gene. Phylogenetic analysis was performed by constructing a neighboring-joining tree of the ITS gene sequences using MEGA6.Results:A total of 59 (30.6%) of the M. fascicularis were PCR-positive for E. bieneusi. All 59 samples were sequenced successfully and 16 ITS genotypes were identified. These included nine known genotypes: Type IV (n=19), D (n=11), CM1 (n=8), PigEBITS7 (n=4), Pongo2 (n=4), Peru 8 (n=3), Peru11 (n=1), WL21 (n=1) and CM2 (n=1). Additionally, seven novel genotypes named as HNM-I to HNM-VII (one each) were identified. Importantly, genotypes D, Type IV, Peru8, PigEBITS7, and Peru11, which were the predominant (38/59, 64.4%) genotypes identified among M. fascicularis in this study, are also well-known human-pathogenic genotypes. All the genotypes of E. bieneusi identified in this study, including the seven novel ones, belonged to zoonotic group 1.Conclusions:This is the first report of the identification of E. bieneusi in M. fascicularis in Hainan Province, China. The findings of numerous known human-pathogenic types and seven novel genotypes (HNM-I to HNM-VII) of E. bieneusi all belong to zoonotic group 1 indicate the possibility of transmission of this important pathogenic parasite between M. fascicularis and humans.

Complete genome sequence of a rodent torque teno virus in Hainan Island, China

Objective:Torque teno virus(TTV), are reported in a wide range of mammals. In this study, we sequenced and analyzed the complete genome of a genetic variant of Rodent TTV, RoTTV3-HMU1 (Hainan Medical University). The virus was harbored by a Rattus norvegicus in the residential areas of Hainan Island, China.Methods:Torque Teno virus (TTV) was found widely distributed throughout the world infecting an extensively wide range of mammals .We extracted the viral DNA from a Rattus norvegicus liver which was caught from the residential areas of Hainan Island. Purifying the amplicons in the range of 250-500 bp. Then Five hundred nanograms DNA was subjected to high-throughput sequencing. The contigs were compared with the NCBI nucleiotide database, designed the primers to cover the genome by PCR amplification and amplicons of each PCR which have been cloned and sequenced. Finally the genome was annotated by using NCBI ORF finder and FGENESV0. Phylogenetic analysis was implemented by the neighbor-joining method in the MEGA6 software package.Results:We sequenced the complete genome of a genetic variant of Rodent TTV, RoTTV3- HMU1. The genomic sequence of RoTTV3-HMU1 has been deposited in GenBank under accession number MF688246.1. The complete genome of RoTTV3-HMU1 is 2 570 nucleotides (nt) in length with a G+C content of 46.93%. RoTTV3-HMU1 encoded 3 unidirectional overlapping open reading frames (ORF). Sequence analysis indicated that the genome of RoTTV3-HMU1 virus was most closely related to RN_2_15 (GenBank accession no. KM668486.1). Phylogenetic analysis based on both ORF1 and the total genome sequence placed RoTTV3-HMU1 in to the clad RoTTV3 of the RoTTV.Conclusions:Hainan Island faces mainland across the sea, however, the same genotype of RoTTV was identified in both Hainan Island and the other part of China. The detection of RoTTV3-HMU1 contributed to a better understanding about the origin and evolution of RoTTV.

Viral metagenomics analysis of poultry faeces in live poultry market, Haikou, China

Objective:To conduct in-depth study of the distribution and diversity of viruses in poultry is of great importance in monitoring the emergence of interspecies transmission of novel viruses that may cause epidemics with public health significance. Poultry is an economically important source of meat, eggs and feathers which plays an important role as natural reservoirs of many pathogenic viruses. Compared with wild animals, poultry have more frequent interactions and therefore opportunities to transmit their viruses to human.Methods:To study the viromes of different types of poultry in Hainan, China, we used metagenomics for deep viral nucleic acid sequencing of the faecal samples collected from chickens, ducks and pigeons from a live poultry market in Haikou.Result:The poultry viromes were identified by sequence similarity comparisons of viral reads (BLASTxE score, <5) against viral reference database. A total of 15 309 viral reads were obtained, approximately 13 063, 1 370 and 876 viral reads were generated from the chicken, duck, pigeon faecal samples, respectively. The majority of the sequences were homologous to the animal virus of Adenoviridae, Herpeaviridae, Picobirnaviridae, Reoviridae, Retroviridae, Circoviridae, Paramyxoviridae, Astroviridae, Caliciviridae, Coronaviridae, Picornaviridae, and Orthomyxoviridae. The VP4 and VP7 segments of a pigeon rotavirus, similar to fox rotavirus in group A, were sequenced and phylogenetically analyzed. The near full genome of a pigeon circovirus was also analyzed.Conclusion:The major types of poultry in a Haikou harbor many different families of viruses in their feces which may have the potential for interspecies transmissions. Further studies should be conducted to identify the most prevalent and important viruses among a larger number of poultry in Haikou and other areas in Hainan.

Progress of Functional Imaging in Brain Structure and Functional Changes in People with Amphetamine Addiction / 昆明医科大学学报

Amphetamines abuse is defined as a chronic recurrent encephalopathy, and it is a global public health problem which seriously threatens the health of human and the social stability. Long-term abuse and addiction of amphetamines leads to structural and functional changes of specific encephalic regions. Further researches on these encephalic regions, the network of brain and biological information may be helpful to understanding drug abuse mechanism and possible therapeutic measures. Recently, a series of functional imaging techniques, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (f MRI), magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), and positron emission tomography (PET), were used to detect different brain structural changes of the volume and density of encephalic regions, functional changes of cerebral blood flow and brain cognition. The results showed functional imaging techniques play significant roles to detect different structural and functional changes of the brain. Based on these results, the researchers aim to clarify the mechanisms of drug abuse. That is the main focus of this review.

Effects of gastrodin against SH-SY5Y cell autophagy induced by methamphetamine and underlying mechanisms / 中国药理学通报

Aim To investigate the effects of gastrodin on SH-SY5Y cell autophagy induced by methamphet-amine (METH) and the underlying mechanisms. Methods SY5Y cells were treated by METH with the concentration of 0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0 mmol·L-1for 24 h. The morphological changes were ob-served by microscopy,the expression of LC3-Ⅱ,Bec-lin-1,Akt,p-Akt,mTOR and p-mTOR were detected by Western blot. Gastrodin was added to the medium 1 h before METH treatment. Results The SY 5 Y cells were morphologically featured by shrinkage and den-drite disruption after exposed to METH(0~3 mmol· L-1),and autophagic vacuoles occurred in cytoplasm. The expression of LC3-Ⅱ increased over METH dose. Confocal results showed that LC3-Ⅱsignificantly in-creased in METH group as compared with control, while decreased in METH+ Gastrodin group. The ex-pression levels of LC3-Ⅱand Beclin-1 significantly in-creased (P<0.01) in METH group, p-mTOR and p-Akt decreased, and mTOR and Akt showed no signifi-cant difference as compared with control. However, the gastrodin could decrease the expression of LC3-Ⅱand Beclin-1 and increase the expression of mTOR,p-mTOR,Akt and p-Akt as compared with METH-trea-ted groups. Conclusions METH can induce SY5Y cells autophagy. The protective effect of gastrodin a-gainst METH-induced autophag may be related to gast-rodin regulation mTOR and Akt signaling pathway.

Expression of Astrocyte,Neuron,and Proinflammatory Cytokines Derived from Frontal Cortex of Methamphetamine Dependent rats after Gastrodin Administration / 昆明医科大学学报

Objective To observe the curative mechanism and effect of neurotoxicity injury induced by methamphetamine (MA) and the neuroprotective effects of gastrodin interfered. Whether the expression of astrocyte and proinflammatory cytokines has contributed to the effects of gastrodin.Methods 48 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group (Daily intraperitoneal injection of saline for 8 weeks),MA group (A dose of 10 mg/kg MA was administered every day for four weeks,then given daily intraperitoneal injection with 10 mg/kg saline for 4 weeks) and gastrodin group (A dose of 10 mg/kg MA was administered every day for four weeks,then given daily intraperitoneal injection with 10 mg/kg gastrodin for 4weeks) . The behavioral changes of rats were measured by conditioned place preference ( CPP) and sterotyped behavior ( SB) induced by methamphetamine. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and NEUN in rat frontal cortex.The expression of IL－6 and TNF－α were detected by quantity RT－PCR and westrn bloting.Results Compa MA depndent 4 weeks group with control group, the scores of sterotyped behavior of MA depndent groups had signficantly increased (P＜0.01) . Comparing MA depndent 4 weeks group with MA depndent 4 weeks+gastrodin group, the scores of sterotyped behavior of MA dependent 4 weeks group had obviously decreaseed (P＜0.01) . Compared with the control group, the expression of GFAP of MA dependent 4 weeks group decreased and the expression of NEUN increased. Compared MA dependent 4 weeks group with control group, the expression of IL－ 6 and TNF－α increased (P＜0.01) . Compared MA dependent 4 weeks+gastrodian group with MA dependent 4 weeks group, the expression of TNF－α and IL－6 significantly reduced (P＜0.01) . Conclusion The neurological damage induced by methamphetamine might be related to the activation of astrocytes and the high expression of inflammatory cytokines including IL－6 and TNF－α. Gastrodin could abate the neurological injury of methamphetamine dependence via reducing the activation of astrocytes and decreasing the expression of IL－6 and TNF－α.

Ningmitai Capsules combined with doxycycline hydrochloride for Ureaplasma urealyticumpositive chronic prostatitis / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the effects of Ningmitai Capsules (NMT) combined with doxycycline hydrochloride (DH) on chronic prostatitis induced by Ureaplasma urealyticum (Uu).@*METHODS@#This randomized controlled trial included 240 male patients with Uupositive chronic prostatitis, treated orally with NMT at 4 capsules tid (n= 35), DH at 100 mg bid (n = 78), and NMT+DH at the corresponding doses (n = 127), respectively, all for 2 successive weeks. At 1 week after drug withdrawl, we conducted routine urine analysis, EPS examination, and drug sensitivity test of the cultured Uu.@*RESULTS@#The positivetonegative rate of Uu was significantly higher in the NMT+DH group than in the NMT and DH groups (89.0% ［113/127］ vs 54.3% ［19/35］ and 71.8% ［56/78］, P< 0.05), so were the cure rate (25.2% vs 20.0% and 20.5%, P< 0.05) and total effectiveness rate (89.0% vs 54.3% and 71.8%, P< 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The combination of Ningmitai Capsules and doxycycline hydrochloride is more effective than either Ningmitai Capsules or doxycycline hydrochloride used alone in the treatment of Uupositive chronic prostatitis.

Forensic Analysis of 20 Dead Cases Related to Heroin Abuse / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#To perform retrospective analysis on 20 dead cases related to heroin abuse, and to provide references for the forensic assessment of correlative cases.@*METHODS@#Among 20 dead cases related to heroin abuse, general situation, using method of drug, cause of death and result of forensic examination were analyzed by statistical analysis for summarizing the cause of death and pathologic changes.@*RESULTS@#The dead were mostly young adults, with more male than female. The results of histopathological examinations showed non-specific pathological changes. There were four leading causes of death, including acute poisoning of heroin abuse or leakage （13 cases, 65%）, concurrent diseases caused by heroin abuse （3 cases, 15%）, inspiratory asphyxia caused by taking heroin （2 cases, 10%）, and heroin withdrawal syndrome （2 cases, 10%）.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The forensic identification on dead related to heroin abuse must base on the comprehensive autopsy, and combine with the qualitative and quantitative analysis of heroin and its metabolites in death and the case information, as well as the scene investigation.

miR-378 suppresses HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma tumor growth by directly targeting the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the impact and mechanism of microRNA (miR)-378 on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell growth.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The human hepatoma cell line HepG2 and its derivative HepG2.2.15 (stably expressing hepatitis B virus (HBV)) were transduced with lentiviruses expressing miR-378 or non-expressing controls (nc-Lv). Effects on cell proliferation were assessed by the MTT assay and on colony-formation efficiency by clonogenic assay. Targets of miR-378 were predicted by bioinformatic analysis and validated by luciferase reporter assay in the human embryonic kidney cell line HEK293. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blotting were used to monitor expression of the endogenous targets in miR-378- overexpressing HepG2 and HepG2.2.15 cells.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The HepG2 and HepG2.2.15 cells transduced with lentivirus expressing miR-378 showed significantly lower cell proliferation and colony formation than the control cells transduced with nc-Lv (P less than 0.01 and P less than 0.05, respectively). The insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) was predicted as a potential target of miR-378, and luciferase reporter activity of IGF1R was significantly decreased in the HEK293 cells co-transfected with miR-378 (by 41.8% vs. the control cells, P less than 0.01). Moreover, the miRNA-378-mediated effect was narrowed down to the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of IGF1R. The miRNA-378-mediated reduction of IGF1R specifically involved its protein expression (P less than 0.01) and not its mRNA expression (P more than 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>miR-378 may suppress growth characteristics of HBV-related HCC by directly targeting the IGF1R 3'-UTR and inhibiting its protein expression.</p>

Bioinformatic analysis for structure and function of TCTP from Spirometra mansoni

OBJECTIVE@#To predict structure and function of translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) from Spirometra mansoni by bioinformatics technology, and to provide a theoretical basis for further study.@*METHODS@#Open reading frame (ORF) of EST sequence from Spirometra mansoni was obtained by ORF finder and was translated into amino acid residue by DNAclub. The structure domain was analyzed by Blast. By the method of online analysis tools: Protparam, InterProScan, protscale, SignalP-3.0, PSORT II, BepiPred, TMHMM, VectorNTI Suite 9 packages and Phyre2, the structure and function of the protein were predicted and analyzed.@*RESULTS@#The results showed that the EST sequence was Sm TCTP with 173 amino acid residues, theoretical molecular weight was 19 872.0 Da. The protein has the closest evolutionary status with Clonorchis sinensis, Schistosoma mansoni, and Schistosoma japonicum. Then it had no signal peptide site and transmembrane domain. Secondary structure of TCTP contained two α -helices and eight β -strands.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Sm TCTP was a variety of biological functions of protein that may be used as a vaccine candidate molecule and drug target.

Comparative study on application of Duo positive airway pressure and continuous positive airway pressure in preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine whether early application of Duo positive airway pressure (DuoPAP), in comparison with nasal continuous positive airway pressure (NCPAP), can reduce the need for endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation and decrease the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In a single-center, randomized controlled trial, preterm neonates (gestational ages 30-35 weeks) with RDS were randomly assigned to receive DuoPAP (n=34) or NCPAP (n=33) within 6 hours of birth. If the two noninvasive ventilations were not effective, endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation were used, and pulmonary surfactant was administered as rescue therapy. The total invasive respiratory support rate and incidence of BPD within 24, 48 and 72 hours of birth were observed. The two groups were compared in terms of PaCO2, PaO2 and oxygenation index (OI) at 1, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours after using the noninvasive respiratory support.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total invasive respiratory support rates within 48 and 72 hours after birth were significantly lower in the DuoPAP group than in the NCPAP group (P<0.05). There was no difference in the incidence of BPD between the two groups (P>0.05). The OI in the DuoPAP group was significantly higher than in the NCPAP group at 1, 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours after noninlasive respiratory support (P<0.05). The DuoPAP group showed significantly lower PaCO2 than the NCPAP group at 1, 12, and 24 hours after noninvasive respiratory support (P<0.05). PaO2 was significantly higher in the DuoPAP group than in the NCPAP group at 1 and 12 hours after noninvasive respiratory support (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Compared with NCPAP, early application of DuoPAP can decrease the need for endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation in preterm neonates with RDS, showing promise for broad use.</p>

Expression and its significance of Cyclin D1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression and significance of Cyclin D1 in oral squamous cell ma (OSCC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A immunohistochemistry method, Envosion, was employed to test the manifesting Cyclin D1 in pathological slices of 50 OSCC cases and 10 normal cases, and the results was treated with statistical lysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In 50 OSCC cases, Cyclin D1 mainly manifested in karyon, and a little in cytoplasm. manifesting rates of Cyclin D1 in the samples was 80.0%, which was significantly higher than the manifesting of 20.0% in normal oral mucous membrane (P < 0.01). The manifestation of Cyclin D1 was correlated with rent pathological grades, clinical phases and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The abnormal tation of Cyclin D1 is closely related with the occurrence and development of OSCC. Therefore, it can subsidiary index for OSCC treatment and prognosis.</p>