Pathogenic detection and molecular tracing of a bacillary dysentery outbreak by Shigella sonnei in Huainan city / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective: To understand the virulence gene and drug resistance profile of Shigella sonnei outbreak in Huainan city, and conduct pathogenic traceability analysis. Methods: Water samples and feces related to an infectious diarrhea outbreak in Huainan city in August 2020 were collected for multiple pathogen detection. Virulence gene, drug sensitivity, pulse-field gel electrophoresis and whole genome sequencing of Shigella isolates were analyzed respectively. Results: 38 strains of Shigella sonnei were detected in 56 samples of mucilage feces with a positive rate 67.86%, and all serotypes were Shigella sonnei Phase I. Three strains of Shigella sonnei were detected by fluorescence PCR in the Gram-negative (GN) bacterial enrichment solution of terminal water and well water. Virulence genes were ipaH positive (38), ipaH/ial (31) and ipaH/ial/sen positive (1), respectively. The drug resistance spectrum showed that 9 of 14 antibiotics were 100% resistant, and only imipenem, chloramphenicol, ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin were effective drugs. XbaⅠ restriction enzyme map type of 36 isolates was completely consistent, and the ST type analysis of 3 strains was ST152. Whole genome sequencing and analysis verified that the outbreak was caused by a single clonal group of strains, and revealed that the isolates of the outbreak were clustered into a large cluster with 3 Chinese strains and 1 Korean strain in the database, far away from the strains of other countries. Conclusion: The outbreak is caused by a single clone of Shigella sonnei, which are low virulence strains and have multiple drug resistance.

Effect of Kv1.3 and KCa3.1 potassium ion channels on the proliferation and migration of monocytes/macrophages / 生理学报

This study was aimed to investigate the effects of blockade of Ca(2+) activated channel KCa3.1 and voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.3 of the monocytes/macrophages on inflammatory monocyte chemotaxis. Chemotaxis assay was used to test the inflammatory Ly-6C(hi) monocyte chemotaxis caused by the monocytes/macrophages. The proliferation of monocytes/macrophages was detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK8). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was applied to detect the C-C motif ligand 7 (CCL7) in cultured media. The results showed that the recruitment of Ly-6C(hi) monocyte induced by monocytes/macrophages was suppressed by the potent Kv1.3 blocker Stichodactyla helianthus neurotoxin (ShK) or the specific KCa3.1 inhibitor TRAM-34. Meanwhile, the proliferation of monocytes/macrophages was significantly inhibited by ShK. The response of Ly-6C(hi) monocyte pretreated with ShK or TRAM-34 to CCL2 was declined. These results suggest that KCa3.1 and Kv1.3 may play an important role in monocytes/macrophages' proliferation and migration.

Successive "Z" incision and skin flaps: a better procedure for penile lengthening / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To recommend the successive "Z" incision and skin flaps as a method for repairing the wound in penile lengthening procedures.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We performed penile lengthening surgery by successive "Z" incision for 5 patients complaining of short penis, who ranged in age from 16 to 34 years (22.4 +/- 7.2), and 3 of whom had a history of urethroplasty, circumcision and penile reconstruction, respectively. The superficial suspensory ligament and part of the deep suspensory ligament of the penis were exposed and severed to release the penis, and the "Z" skin flaps sutured in a tensionless state. Drainage was necessitated by exudation and the catheter removed in 24-48 hours. The penis was wrapped up by an elastic bandage, and the stitches taken out 8-10 days after the operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>We achieved a mean erectile length of 8.4 cm (range 7.8-9.2 cm) after the operation, as compared with 4. 8 cm (range 4.0-5.8 cm) before the surgery. Two students of the patients obviously became active and confident. No penile contraction was noted during the 12-48 months follow-up, and both the patients and their family members were satisfied with the outcomes.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Compared with the V-, M- and Z-incision, the successive "Z" incision and skin flaps can yield longer penile length, solve the problem of insufficient skin flap to cover the wound and reduce such complications as skin necrosis and infection. It is well worth recommending for patients complaining of short penis because of penile abnormality, post-operation scar on the penis or circumcision.</p>

Endoscopic treatment of urethra stenosis by super-impulse plasma electrode / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of internal urethrotomy with Super-impulse plasma electrode (SIPE) method on urethral stricture.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 48 patients clinically diagnosed as having urethral stricture were hospitalized and treated with SIPE under the endoscope from February 2005 to August 2006. The patients' symptoms and clinical signs were compared before and after the treatment. In addition, techniques in operating SIPE were discussed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Of the 48 patients, 46 were cured and 2 experienced recurrence after the operation. A 3-18 months follow-up revealed no complications.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>SIPE under the endoscope is safe and effective in the treatment of urethra stenosis. It is easy to handle and the results are satisfactory.</p>