Cognitive behavior group intervention on the depression of patients with acute leukemia / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective To investigate the effect of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), which is dominated by nurses, on depression in patients with acute leukemia. Methods Patients with acute leukemia admitted to the Department of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were evaluated with a rapid depressive symptom (QIDS-SR16) self-rating scale. Patients with a score higher than 11 were psychiatrists from the Shanghai Mental Health Center. Interviews and Hamilton Depression Rating (HAMD-17) assessment and clinical stereotype examination (SCID-I) diagnostic screening were performed. Patients with significant depressive symptoms who met the inclusion criteria were included (without considering DSM-5 diagnosis for depressive disorder). The computer random number method was assigned to the control group (group C), the therapist-led group CBT group (group T), the group CBT group with the nurse as the main body and therapists as the supervisors (group N) . The group C was given the conventional method and the group T and N was given the standardized group CBT once a week for 8 weeks. Interviews were performed at baseline (before intervention), 4 weeks, and 8 weekends to assess the HAMD scale score. Results Finally, 90 patients were enrolled, 30 in each group. At the end of the 4th week, the HAMD scale score (22.60 ± 2.71) in the group T was lower than that before the intervention (25.77±2.93), and lower than the group N (24.57±2.82) and the group C (25.90± 3.88), the difference was statistically significant (t=5.395, 7.473, P<0.01 or 0.05). At the end of the 8th week, the group T (21.00± 2.18) and the group N had a HAMD scale score (19.30±2.45) lower than the pre-intervention (25.77±2.93, 25.90±3.26), and were lower than the group C (24.80±3.56), the difference was statistically significant (t=6.192, 7.323, P<0.05 or 0.01). Conclusions CBT can improve the anxiety and depressive symptoms of patients with acute leukemia, and it is worthy of popularization and application.

Cognitive behavior group intervention on the depression of patients with acute leukemia / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective@#To investigate the effect of cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), which is dominated by nurses, on depression in patients with acute leukemia.@*Methods@#Patients with acute leukemia admitted to the Department of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were evaluated with a rapid depressive symptom (QIDS-SR16) self-rating scale. Patients with a score higher than 11 were psychiatrists from the Shanghai Mental Health Center. Interviews and Hamilton Depression Rating (HAMD-17) assessment and clinical stereotype examination (SCID-I) diagnostic screening were performed. Patients with significant depressive symptoms who met the inclusion criteria were included (without considering DSM-5 diagnosis for depressive disorder). The computer random number method was assigned to the control group (group C), the therapist-led group CBT group (group T), the group CBT group with the nurse as the main body and therapists as the supervisors (group N). The group C was given the conventional method and the group T and N was given the standardized group CBT once a week for 8 weeks. Interviews were performed at baseline (before intervention), 4 weeks, and 8 weekends to assess the HAMD scale score.@*Results@#Finally, 90 patients were enrolled, 30 in each group. At the end of the 4th week, the HAMD scale score (22.60±2.71) in the group T was lower than that before the intervention (25.77±2.93), and lower than the group N (24.57±2.82) and the group C (25.90± 3.88), the difference was statistically significant (t=5.395, 7.473, P<0.01 or 0.05). At the end of the 8th week, the group T (21.00±2.18) and the group N had a HAMD scale score (19.30±2.45) lower than the pre-intervention (25.77±2.93, 25.90±3.26), and were lower than the group C (24.80±3.56), the difference was statistically significant (t=6.192, 7.323, P<0.05 or 0.01).@*Conclusions@#CBT can improve the anxiety and depressive symptoms of patients with acute leukemia, and it is worthy of popularization and application.

Study on physicochemical properties and influence factors on stability of breviscapine / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the physicochemical constants such as equilibrium solubility and apparent partition coefficients (Papp), and study the effects of temperature, pH value and antioxidants on the stability of breviscapine solution.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>The equilibrium solubility of breviscapine in various medium and the Papp of breviscapine under different pH conditions were determinated by RP-HPLC, and the effects of temperature, pH value and antioxidants on the stability of solution were investigated by taking change rates of drug content in 10 h as detection index.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The equilibrium solubility of breviscapine in saline, distilled water, pH 7.0 PBS, pH 7.5 PBS, Ringer's fluid, methanol and ethanol were (20.68 +/- 1.12), (79.35 +/- 0.68), (7954.62 +/- 34.90), (18,708.17 +/- 253.05), (3670.40 +/- 27.64), (210.71 +/- 0.74), (184.34 +/- 1.47) mg x L(-1) respectively; while in pH value 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.5, 7.0 solution, the Papp were 5.362, 0.542, 0.371, 0.328 and 0.143 respectively. The stability of breviscapine in the Ringer's fluid was the worst and the stability was significantly decreased with the increase of temperature and pH value and it could be improved by EDTA-2Na.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The established HPLC assay was accurate and convenient. The Papp of breviscapine is decreased by increased the pH value, while in the aqueous solution the equilibrium solubility of breviscapine increase with the pH in crese. EDTA-2Na can be used as an antioxidant of breviscapine solution.</p>

Studies on degree of deacetylation of chitosan and its residual amount left over in clarified products when used as a clarificant / 中草药

Object To study the degree of deacetylation of chitosan and its residual amount left over in the clarified products when chitosan was used as a clarificant. Methods The free amino group in the deacetylated chitosan was determined by linear titration. Results The degree of deacetylation of chitosan was found to be about 80%. The residual amounts left over in the clarified products were lower than 10 -4 . Conclusion The results suggested that it is feasible to use chitosan as a clarificant for refining water extract of TCM.

Permeability of integerrimine in vitro / 中草药

Object The permeability of integerrimine was studied in vitro to design its anticancer preparations Methods Vilia Chien diffusion cells were adopted as apparatus for in vitro skin permeation, nude mouse skins were used as permeation barrier and permeation coefficient (P) was calculated The concentrations of integerrimine in samples were measured by RP HPLC, and the effects of Azone, 4% Tween 80, 8% propylene glycol on it were studied Results Its P is 1 184?10 -2 cm/h with water solution as donor and pH 6 8 PBS as receptor Its enhancement rate (ER) of 2% Azone and 8% propylene glycol is 2 8 and 1 5, while Tween 80 inhibits its penetration Conclusion Integerrimine is a good candidate of antiskin cancer for transdermal drug delivery, and the optimal formulation can be designed according to the experiments

Influence of gel vehicles on release in vitro and transdermal resorption of integerrimine / 中成药

AIM: The gel vehicle was optimized by release and transdermal resorption of integerrimine in vitro in order to design its anti-cancer transdermal drug delivery system. METHODS: The releasing rate was detected by dissolution Vilia-Chien diffusion cells, nude mouse skin were used as permeation barrier, the concentration of integerrimine in samples was measured by RP-HPLC. RESULTS: Integerrimine releases of three different vehicles conformed to Higuchi equation, the releasing rate of CMC-Na gel is faster than that of HPMC gel, and that of Carbopol gel is the slowest in three, and corresponded with zero kinetic equation. CONCLUSION: HPMC is an drug vehicle of choice.

Experimental study on percutaneous absorption of cinnamic acid / 中成药

Objective: To study percutaneous absorption of cinnamic acid and the effect of some common enhancers and pH value on it. Methods: Drug permeation tests were performed in K-C two-compartment diffusion cell through excised mice skin. Samples were collected from the receiver compartment, cinnamic acid concentration in samples was determined by HPLC. Results: Cinnamic acid could penetrate through excised mice skin. The permeability coefficient of cinnamic acid rose as its concentration increased. Cinnamic acid consisted of 20% ethanol, 30% ethanol and 3% Azone had high penetrating power. Conclusion: The research will provide experimental data for skin administration of Chinese medicine holding cinnamic acid.

Quality Control and Pharmacodynamic Study of Xiaoyaosan Oral Liquid(Radix Angelicae Sinensis, Radix Bupleuri, etc.) / 中成药

The studies on the preparation technology,quality control and pharmacodyrnamics of Xi- aoyaosan Oral Liquid have been carried out. The experiment results suggested that,using the color reaction, TLC Identification and TLC-scanner could effectively control the intrinsic quality of oral liquid. Both possessed practical availability and their operations were simple Meanwhile,pharmacodynamic study also indicated that oral liquid could increase the peristalsis of stomach and bowel,the amount of consumed food and the body weight of mice,which was in conformity with the indication and efficacy of the original prescription.

Pharmacokinetics of ephedrine gels and extractum ephedrae gels in guinea pig / 中成药

AIM: To establish a method to determine the serum concentration of ephedrine,and to study its pharmacokinefics in guinea pig. METHODS: The serum concentration of ephedrine gels transdermal administration in guinea pig were determined by HPLC and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by computer.(RESULTS:)The calibration curve was linear in the range of 0.5～2 ?g with r=0.998 0.The limit of identification was 0.02 ?g/mL.The pharmacokinetics behavior of ephedrine showed one order absorption.The main parameters after adminstrition of ephedrine gels and extractum ephedrae gels were as follows:t_(1/2)k_a were 1.362 1 and(l.541 8),t_(1/2)k_e were 2.627 4 and 3.262 2 h,T_(max) were 3.124 3 and 3.440 9 h,C_(max) were 0.115 6 and 0.081 0 ?g/mL,AUC were(0.081 0) and 0.741 5 ?g?h/mL. CONCLUSION: Ephedrine shows a fast rate of absorption in guinea pig,serum concentration of ephedrine is stable and lasting potency,and indicates the reason of transdennal administration of Herba Ephedrae preparation.

Antiasthmatic action of ephedrine on guinea pig by transdermal administration in vivo / 中成药

AIM:To study antiasthmatic action of ephedrine on guinea pig by transdermal administration in vivo. METHODS:The gelatinizer made from ephedrine was taken as the treatment to carry research for antiasthmatic effect and compared the difference between therapeatic and control drug. RESULTS:The ephedrine gelatinizet could prolonge the latent period and shock stage of asthmatic attack in sensitized guinea pigs. CONCLUSION:The results indicate that transdermal administration of ephedrine gelatinizer is reasonable

Study on transdermal permeability of ephedra extract in vitro / 中成药

AIM: To study the transdermal permeability of ephedra extract. METHODS: With Valia Chien diffusion cell to the transdermal experiments are used to observe the effect of different factors on the transdermal permeability. RESULTS: Its transdermal resorption constant increased with the increase of the concentration of ephedrine and ephedra extract. pH value of the diffusioin medium could influence ephedrine permeability. CONCLUSION: The result can offer reference in preparation for Ephera (targeting drug delivery system) (TDS).

Study on Transdermal Permeability of Psoralen and Isopsoralen / 中成药

Objective:To study the transdermal permeability of Psoralen (Pro) and Isopsoralen (Isopro). Methods:V C two compartment was adopted to research the permeability deferences between Pso and Isopso in nude mouse skin in vitro, and investigated the effect of penetration enhancers, such as EtOH, azone and glycerol on the permeability of them. Results: Pso and Isopso are suitable compounds for transdermal delivery system and the permeability coeffient of Isopso is larger than that of Pso. 10% EtOH-1% Azone greatly increased the permeability coefficient. Conclusion: The results can offer reference for Psoralea corylifolia TDS.

Study on Foeniculum Vulgare Mill as Penetration Enhancer for the Permeation of 5-Fluorouracil / 中成药

Objective: To study the effect of volatile oils from Foeniculum Vulgare Mill, anisaldehyde, anethole and water extracts on the percutaneous penetration of 5 fluorouracil. Methods: With Valia Chien horizontal diffusion cell and HPLC method to observe the effect of volatile oils of Foeniculum Vulgare Mill, anisaldehyde, anethole on the percutaneous penetration of 5 fluorouracil. Results: The volatile oils of Foeniculum Vulgare Mill, anethole, anisaldehyde possessed the high promoting action on percutaneous absorption of 5 fluorouracil, and their enhancement ratio are 7.14, 4.17, 9.54, respectively. Conclusion: The volatile oils of Foeniculum Vulgare Mill, anethole, anisaldehyde enhance the skin permeation of 5 fluorouracil effectively.

Study on Nasal Mucosa Absorption in Vivo of Tetramethylpyrazine Hydrochloride in Rats / 中成药

Objective: To investigate the characteristic of nasal mucosa absorption in vivo of tetramethylpyrazine hydrochloride (TMP HCl) in rats. Methods: The nasal circulatory perfusion test of TMP HCl was performed in rats.Results: The absorption rate constants was increased with the increasing of the concentration of TMP HCl; The absorption rate constants was increased with the elevating of pH values at the pH value range of 4.70～7.00. Conclusion:When the pH value of nasal circulatory perfusion liquid of TMP HCl is 7.00, the nasal mucosa absorption is optimal.

Effects of Clarificant Chitosan on Contents of Zinc,Manganese,Calcium and Heavy Metal Lead in Water extraction Liquid of Chinese Herbal Medicines / 中成药

Objective: To study the effects of clarificant chitosan on contents of zinc,manganese,calcium and heavy metal lead in the water extraction liquid of chinese herbal medicines. Methods: The contents of these elements were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry.Results: The results indicated that the chitosan clarification could raise the transfer rate of some inorganic elements such as zinc,manganese and calcium as compared with water extraction and alcohol precipitation method,And it could also reduce the amount of heavy metal lead.Conclusion: chitosan as a clarificant is promising in the field of refining water extraction liquid of chinese herbal medicines.

Investigation on Preparation Process of Xiaoyaosan Oral Liquid(Radix Bupleuri,Radix Angelicae Sinensis,etc.) / 中成药

The preparation process of Xiaoyaosan Oral Liquid was investigated with the orthogonal test. As a result,the amount of water added was a main factor influencing the dip-extraction effect of crude Chinese medical materials when the oral liquid was made with the method of distillation and warm dip. It was suggested that the following process would be the best to ensure the extraction of active compo- nents:adding 10 times amounts of water,then dipping and extracting for 1.5h at 90℃ and repeating 3 times.