Resistência à flexão de cimentos de ionômero de vidro utilizados em tratamento restaurador atraumático com alteração na proporção pó/líquido / Flexural strength of glass ionomer cements used in atraumatic restorative treatment with change in powder / liquid ratio

Objetivo: Avaliar se a alteração na proporção pó/líquido de cimento de ionômero de vidro nacional indicado para ART (Vitro Molar), proporciona melhorias na resistência à flexão comparando-o ao cimento importado, Fuji IX, considerado atualmente o padrão ouro no mercado. Material e método: Foram confeccionados 30 corpos de prova, divididos igualmente entre três grupos (G1 = Vitro Molar, manipulado conforme orientação do fabricante com proporção pó/líquido (1/1); G2 = Vitro Molar com proporção pó/líquido aumentada em 50 % (1,5/1) e G3 = Fuji IX, manipulado conforme orientação do fabricante. Os corpos de prova foram submetidos ao ensaio mecânico de resistência à flexão de três pontos (ISO 9917-2). Uma força foi aplicada no centro até a ruptura dos corpos-de-prova. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e ao teste de Tukey, com nível de significância de 95%. Resultado: Os resultados médios obtidos para força máxima, em MPa, foram: G1: 3,57; G2: 4,54 e G3: 6,32. Houve diferença estatística entre os grupos G1 e G3. O grupo G2 apresentou semelhança estatística quando comparado aos demais grupos. Conclusão: O Vitro Molar com proporção pó/líquido alterada não apresentou diferença estatisticamente significante quando comparado aos demais grupos. O cimento Fuji IX apresentou valor estatisticamente maior de resistência à flexão que o cimento Vitro Molar manipulado na proporção recomendada pelo fabricante.

Objective: To evaluate whether the change in the proportion powder / liquid of national glass ionomer cement formulated for ART (Vitro Molar) provides improvement in flexural strength, approaching the characteristics of the imported cement (Fuji IX). Materials and Methods: 30 specimens were made, divided between three groups (G1 = Vitro Molar with powder / liquid ratio according to manufacturer's directions (1/1), G2 = with Vitro Molar ratio powder / liquid raised to 50%(1,5/1) and G3 = Fuji IX as manufacturer's guidelines), being subjected to mechanical testing flexural strength of three points (ISO 9917-2). A load was applied at the center until the specimens break. The data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey's test with 95% significance level. Result: The average results obtained for maximum strength were: G1: 3.57; G2: G3 and 4.54: 6.32. There was statistical difference between G1 and G3. The G2 group had statistically similar results when compared to other groups. Conclusion: Vitro Molar with raised powder / liquid ratio did not present a statistically significant difference when compared to the other groups. The Fuji IX cement presented a statistically higher value of flexural strength than the Vitro Molar cement manipulated in the ratio recommended by the manufacturer.

Surface Hardness of Glass Ionomer Cements used in Atraumatic Restorative Treatment

Objective: To evaluate the surface hardness of a national glass ionomer cement with increased powder / liquid ratio, suitable for the atraumatic restorative treatment technique. Material and Methods: This is a study of the quantitative experimental type, in which 30 specimens were made and divided equally into 03 experimental groups (glass ionomer cement restorative Vitro Molar -DFL in the proportion specified by the manufacturer; glass ionomer cement restorative Vitro molar ratio -DFL modified with incorporation of 50% powder; and Gold Label 9 - GC Corporation in the proportion specified by the manufacturer). After handling, the materials were placed in a Teflon mold for manufacturing the cylindrical samples (5mm x 2 mm), with the aid of a Centrix syringe (Centrix, Shelton, CT, USA). Specimens were stored in liquid petroleum jelly at a temperature 37 ° ± 1 for up to 7 days. The specimens were evaluated by Vickers hardness test at time intervals of 24 hours and 7 days after manufacture. The data were subjected to the Independent Student's-t tests and analysis of variance (ANOVA), and subsequently by Tukey's test at 95% level of significance. Results: The setting time positively influenced the hardness of the two glass ionomer cements (p<0,001). Cement Gold Label 9 showed higher hardness values than cement Vitro Molar (p<0,001), irrespective of the evaluation time interval. The latter in turn, showed improved values when manipulated with the modified powder / liquid ratio (3: 2) (p<0,001). Conclusion: Vitro Molar glass ionomer cement showed higher hardness values when manipulated with the modified powder/liquid ratio.

Impact of dental fluorosis on the quality of life of children and adolescents / Impacto da fluorose dentária na qualidade de vida de crianças e adolescentes

Introduction: Dental fluorosis is a disturbance of high prevalence caused by the ingestion of fluoride ions present mainly in toothpaste. Preventive measures to avoid it are still controversial. Thus, knowing the impact that fluorosis can cause on the population's quality of life it is important for planning public health policies. Objective: To evaluate the impact of dental fluorosis on the quality of life of children and adolescents. Material and Method: We studied 300 subjects aged 8 to 12 years divided into 4 groups: children (8-10 years) and adolescents (10 to 12 years) with and without fluorosis. The diagnosis of fluorosis was performed according to the index Thylstrup and Fejerskov and quality of life was evaluated using Child Perceptions Questionnaire 8-10 and 11-14. The socio-demographic characteristics of the patients were also evaluated. For inclusion in the sample, selected patients should present eight permanent incisors with crowns fully erupted. Patients who had extensive restorations, fractured teeth, other dental enamel defects and who wore braces were excluded. Result: Fluorosis was present in 64.7% of the patients analyzed and in most cases (80.3%) was mild or very mild. In children, the average overall score of the questionnaire was 15.9 for the group without fluorosis and 18.3 for the group with fluorosis (p = 0.255). The teenagers' score in the group without fluorosis was 26.1, while the group with fluorosis was 22.7 (p = 0.104). Conclusion: Dental fluorosis caused impact on the quality of life of the population analyzed only in the functional domain. .

Introdução: A fluorose dentária é um distúrbio de alta prevalência decorrente da ingestão de íons fluoretos. Medidas preventivas para evitá-la ainda são controversas. Assim, conhecer o impacto que a fluorose pode causar na qualidade de vida de indivíduos é importante para o planejamento de políticas públicas de saúde. Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto da fluorose dentária sobre a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde bucal (QVRSB) de crianças e adolescentes. Material e Método: Foram avaliados 300 indivíduos na faixa etária de 8 a12 anos. O diagnóstico de fluorose foi realizado segundo o índice Thylstrup e Fejerskov e a qualidade de vida foi avaliada utilizando os questionários de Percepção da Criança 8-10 e 11-14. Foram incluídos pacientes com oito incisivos permanentes com coroas totalmente irrompidase excluídos os que apresentavam restaurações extensas, dentes fraturados, outros defeitos do esmalte dentário e os que usavam aparelho ortodôntico fixo. Os dados foram analisados no programa SPSS(r) (versão 18; Chicago, IL) e realizaram-se os teste Qui-quadrado, Fisher e Mann-Whitney. Foram considerados significantes valores de p<0,05. Resultado: A prevalência de fluorose foi 64,7%, sendo os graus leve e muito leve responsáveis por 80,3% dos casos. Crianças e adolescentes não tiveram impacto na QVRSB no escore geral e domínios sintomas orais, bem-estar emocional e social (p>0,05). Entretanto, apresentaram impacto no domínio limitação funcional (p = 0,039 e 0,013) para crianças e adolescentes respectivamente). Conclusão: Foi observada associação entre fluorose e qualidade de vida apenas no domínio funcional. .