Research in rheological properties of four types of ophthalmic preparations / 药学学报

This study is prepared to provide the basis of rheological parameters for the additional quality standard of ophthalmic gels, the rheological properties of the ophthalmic gels and the other three types of ophthalmic preparations. The medicines were compared through the study of the rheological properties for four types of ophthalmic preparations. The cone-plate rheometer was used to determine the dynamic and steady rheological parameters of four types of ophthalmic preparations. The similarities and differences of the measured results were analyzed to summarize the rheological indexes and parameters which are applied to distinguish the ophthalmic gels and the other types of ophthalmic preparations. ① The elastic modulus should be greater than the viscous modulus for the ophthalmic gels in the range of the linear viscoelastic region. ② The ophthalmic gels should be shear thinning non-Newtonian fluid with a certain yield stress and thixotropy. ③ The dynamic viscosity of the ophthalmic gels should be greater than 0.5 Pa·S at the temperature of 25℃ with the 50 s-1 shear rate. The typical rheological indexes and parameters of the ophthalmic gels were proposed in this article. The determination methods are simple and feasible. The rheological indexes and parameters have an important significance in the prescription design, production technology and quality control of the ophthalmic gels.

Studies on terpenoids from Zygophyllum fabago / 中国中药杂志

This study was to investigate the chemical constituents of the aerial part of Zygophyllumfabago, by phytochemical methods. The compounds were isolated by silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies from the EtOAc extract. Their structures were characterized by various spectroscopic data (1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, MS) and comparison with the literature. As a result, thirteen compounds were isolated and their structures were identified as 1-hydroxyhinesol(1), hinesol(2), atractylenolactam(3), beta-eudesmol (4), 5alpha-hydroperoxy-beta-eudesmol(5), 12-hydroxy-valenc-1(10)-en-2-one(6), pubinernoid A(7), (6S,7E)-6-hydroxy-4,7-megastigmadien-3,9-dione(8), 3-hydroxy-5alpha, 6alpha-epoxy-beta-ionone (9), (3S,5R, 6S, 7E)-3, 5, 6-trihydroxy-7-megastigmen-9-one(10), (6R,7E,9R)-9-hydroxy-4,7-megastigmadien-3-one(11), (S)-3-hydroxy-beta-ionone(12), and blumenol A(13). Compounds 1-7 were sesquiterpenoids and 8-13 were megastigmane type norsesquiterpenoids. All the compounds were obtained from Z. fabago for the first time, and compound 1 was a new natural product.

Prognostic effect of postoperative resection-margin status for intraoperative positive resection margins in patients with advanced gastric cancer / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVES</b>To investigate prognostic effect of postoperative resection-margin status for intraoperatively positive resection margin in advanced gastric cancer and discuss the treatment choice for intraoperatively positive resection margins.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A retrospective study was investigated in 64 advanced gastric cancer patients with positive resection margin after potentially curative resection. The survival between 50 patients who was re-excised to a negative resection margin (NR group) and 14 patients who were left with positive resection margin (PR group) was compared. Prognostic factors were analyzed using univariate and multivariate Cox regression model analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The median survival in the PR group was 17.0 months (95%CI: 11.6 - 22.4) as compared with 23.0 months (95%CI: 20.5 - 25.5) in the NR group (P = 0.045). However, resection-margin status lost significance on multivariate analysis. In the subgroup of D2 lymphadenectomy, the median survival in the PR group and NR group were 17.0 months (95%CI: 12.0 - 22.0) and 24.0 months (95%CI: 19.8 - 28.1) respectively; multivariate analysis further identified resection margin status as an independent prognostic factor.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Re-excision for intraoperatively positive margin to negative margin improves the prognosis of the patients with advanced gastric cancer, and re-excision is the first choice when intraoperative frozen section detects a positive margin. Routine frozen section of resection margin should be mandatory in all advanced gastric cancer undergoing potentially curative surgery.</p>

Study on the proficiency testing program of pharmaceutical preparation analysis / 药学学报

This proficiency testing program is established to evaluate the pharmaceutical preparation analysis capacity of laboratories recommended by 18 countries and economies. It was authorized by Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation (APLAC), and organized by Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control (SIFDC) and China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment (CNAS). The 0.3sigma test is used to evaluate the homogeneity and stability of the proficiency testing sample. The results of the laboratories were assessed by Z-score. The robust average and the robust standard deviation of the participants' results were calculated as assigned value and standard deviation for performance assessment of hydrochlorothiazide and captopril using robust statistics. Thirty-three of 38 laboratories recommended by 18 countries and economies sent their results back. Twenty-four laboratories' results were observed as satisfactory. Five laboratories were identified as having reported at least one questionable result. Four laboratories were identified as having reported at least one unsatisfactory result.

Effects of hepatocyte growth factor gene transfection on adriamycin-induced apoptosis of gastric cancer cells in vitro / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) on adriamycin-induced apoptosis of gastric cancer cells in vitro.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>An eukaryotic expression plasmid (pIRES2-EGFP) containing HGF (pIRES2-EGFP-HGF) was constructed. Human gastric cancer cell line MKN-45 cells were transfected in vitro with pIRES2-EGFP containing HGF or not. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to determine the target gene expression. Function of HGF was determined by MDCK cell scattering assay. Cell viability was tested by MTT assay. Apoptosis was evaluated by DNA fragmentation assay as well as flow cytometry using PI staining.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The HGF transfected MKN45 cells could stably express HGF mRNA, and secrete HGF protein to the cell culture median which was detected to exhibit normal function. The cell inhibition rate induced by adriamycin in HGF-transfected cells was decreased as compared to that of parental and mock transfected cells. When treated with adriamycin at 0.1 microg/ml, the parental and mock transfected cells present typical apoptotic ladder on DNA electrophoresis while HGF transfected cell did not. The apoptotic rate was decreased in HGF transfected cells as compared with that of parental and mock transfected cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>HGF gene transfection may suppress adriamycin-induced apoptosis of gastric cancer cells.</p>

Effects of sodium hyaluronate on growth and adhesion of two human colorectal cancer cell lines in vitro / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of sodium hyaluronate on the growth and adhesion of colorectal cancer cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Human colorectal cancer cell lines SW620 and Colo205 were treated with sodium hyaluronate (25 -2,500 microg/ml), and cancer cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay in vitro. Flow-cytometric analysis was applied to detect expression of CD44 on SW620 and Colo205 cells.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>In vitro sodium hyaluronate enhanced proliferation of Colo205 cells, but it had no appreciable effect on SW620 growth under the same doses, Meantime, CD44 expression on cancer cells decreased compared with controls.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In vitro sodium hyaluronate has different effects on growth of different colorectal cancer cell lines, but can inhibit CD44 expression of colorectal cancer cells and influence their ability of adhesion.</p>