Role of Helicobacter pylori in the genesis of gastric ulcerations among smokers and nonsmokers

Helicobacter pylori infection was investigated by three different methods [serologically, microbiologically and biochemically] in 210 male patients aged 20-40 years. Gastric ulcers were diagnosed in 126 patients in which H. pylori infection showed a significant association X[2] = 162.8]. Smokers had a higher rate of infection than nonsmokers, both among patients with gastric ulcers [99% compared to 79%] and without. The risk of H. pylori infection was computed for different categories of smoker. Heavy cigarette smokers were found to have the highest risk, followed by moderate to mild cigarette smokers and communal shisha smokers; neither private shisha nor cigar/pipe smokers showed any significant risk

Viral incrimination in some oral precancerous and cancerous lesions

One hundred and seventeen cases were immunologically analyzed using H and E stain, PAP technique, as well as in situ hybridization. In situ hybridization was used to detect HPV [Human Papilloma Virus] DNA on 11 cases of epithelial dysplasia, 9 cases of carcinoma in situ, 50 cases of squamous cell carcinoma and a rare case of carcino-sarcoma. Immunopositive signals were noticed in about 25% of all these cases, in addition the carcino-sarcoma showed positivity for type 16 and 18 probes. Immunocytochemical studies were done for EBV [Epstein Barr-Virus], HSV [Herpes Simplex Virus] and HPV antibodies on the same previous cases, in addition to variants of squamous cell carcinoma [17 cases], oral malignant melanoma [9 cases], hemangioendothelioma [HE] [6 cases], embryonal type of rhabdomyosarcoma [9 cases], as well as 5 cases of malignant odontogenic tumours, excluding the carcinoma case. Positive immunocreation was observed in the 11 cases of epithelial dysplasia [2 cases positive for EBV, 4 cases positive for HSV, and 5 cases positive for HPV]. Out of the 9 cases diagnosed as carcinoma in situ, one case was positive for EBV, 3 cases positive for HSV, and 5 cases positive for HPV. The squamous cell carcinoma with its variants revealed 40% positivity for HPV, 20% for HSV and 15% for EBV. Five out of the nine cases of malignant melanoma showed positive reaction for EBV only. Five out of 6 cases of HE were positive for EBV. Five cases out of the 9 embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma showed expression for HPV, and the remaining 4 cases showed positivity for EBV. All the malignant odontogenic tumour cases revealed positive reaction for both HPV and EBV

Detection of Epstein Barr Virus [EBV] in oral hemangioendothelioma [HE]

Oral HEs are exceedingly rare tumors. Six cases were included in the present study. All Patients were females and the tumors arise mostly from the gingiva, appeared as a large epulides; misdiagnosed as pyogenic granuloma or peripheral giant cell granuloma. No radiolucencies were observed except in three cases which recurred after surgical removal. These recurred three cases showed malignant criteria of pleomorphism, hyperchromatism and brisk mitotic figures more than the other three cases. All the patients were serologically positive to EBV, denoting previous infection. Biopsies were taken from all cases and stained for histochemical and histopathological examination. Immunohistochemical analysis was done using monoclonal antibodies for the demonstration of [1] Factor VIII related antigen,[2] Epstein -Barr virus [EBV]. Histological examination showed that three of the haemangioendotheliomas were of the epithelioid type, while the other three cases were of the spindle-cell type. All cases showed positive linear reaction to Gomori's stain surrounding the endothelidal cells and differentiating HE from haemangiopericytoma. The six cases showed the miniature luminae present intracytoplasmically by factore VIII R-AG, excluding epitheleoid haemangioma and squamous cell carcinoma. Expression of EBV in five cases out of the six immunoanalyzed cases, was detected for the first time in the literature