Symptom Experience, Social Support, and Quality of Life in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies Undergoing Chemotherapy

Purpose@#The purpose of this study was to identify symptom experience, social support, quality of life (QOL), and the influencing factors on QOL of patients with hematologic malignancies undergoing chemotherapy. @*Methods@#A cross-sectional study was conducted on 118 patients diagnosed with hematologic malignancies undergoing chemotherapy who visited an outpatient clinic in the Gyeonggi province. The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General (FACT-G), MD Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI), and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) were used to assess predictors and QOL. The data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation, t-test, ANOVA, and hierarchical multiple regression. @*Results@#The mean score of QOL was (69.32±14.34). The type of hematologic malignancies and patient’s occupation were significantly associated with QOL in terms of demographic and disease/treatment-related characteristics. Symptom severity and symptom influence, and the support of family, friends, and medical staff had a significant association with QOL. The regression analyses showed that symptom severity (β=-.41, p<.001), friend support (β=.27, p=.001), and occupation (β=.14, p=.034) were significantly associated with QOL. @*Conclusion@#The variables of symptom experience and social support must be acknowledged when improving QOL of hematologic malignancy patients undergoing chemotherapy. Greater focus on the reduction of symptom severity and increasing friend support could improve QOL among hematologic malignancy patients.

The Effects of Emotional Labor and Grit on Job Satisfaction among Pediatric Nurses / 임상간호연구

Purpose@#This study aimed to identify the relationships among emotional labor, grit, and job satisfaction of pediatric nurses and factors affecting job satisfaction. @*Methods@#A cross-sectional study was conducted on 137 pediatric nurses working in a general hospital in Seoul. Data were collected from January 1, 2022 to January 31. The data were analyzed using SPSS/WIN version 28.0.1.1. @*Results@#The mean score of job satisfaction was 3.63±0.43 (out of 5), emotional labor was 3.70±0.39 (out of 5), and grit was 2.90±0.30 (out of 4). Job satisfaction had positively correlated with emotional labor (r=.27, p=.002) and grit (r=.65, p<.001). The regression analyses showed subcategories of grit had a significant influence on job satisfaction. The factors significantly affecting job satisfaction were persistence to achieve long-term goals (β=.39, p<.001), patient-oriented intrinsic motivation (β=.30, p<.001), and passion to become a nursing professional (β=.21, p=.004). @*Conclusion@#These results suggested a need to increase grit for improving the job satisfaction. Furthermore, it would be necessary to develop a diverse program to increase job satisfaction for pediatric nurses by improving grit.

Psychometrics Properties of Ways of Coping Questionnaire-Korean among College Students

Background@#The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the Ways of Coping Questionnaire-Korean (WCQ-K) among college students. @*Methods@#A cross-sectional survey design was employed to validate psychometrics properties of the WCQ-K among 248 students from a university-affiliated health-care center in Suwon, Korea. Structured questionnaires were used for psychometric evaluation. Item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and known-groups validity were performed for validity. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) were used for reliability. @*Results@#A seven-factor model with 36 items explained 50.8% of the variance. The Cronbach’s alpha was 0.90; the ICC for 2-weeks test-retest reliability was 0.80. Students with stable ways of coping tended to have a lower score on the perceived stress and depressive symptoms than their counterparts (all P<0.05). @*Conclusions@#The findings of this study provide evidence for the adequate psychometric properties of the WCQ-K. The WCQ-K may be used in school or clinical settings to examine the potential role of stress-coping strategies in enhanced stress management among Korean college students.

Psychometrics Properties of Ways of Coping Questionnaire-Korean among College Students

Background@#The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity and reliability of the Ways of Coping Questionnaire-Korean (WCQ-K) among college students. @*Methods@#A cross-sectional survey design was employed to validate psychometrics properties of the WCQ-K among 248 students from a university-affiliated health-care center in Suwon, Korea. Structured questionnaires were used for psychometric evaluation. Item analysis, exploratory factor analysis, and known-groups validity were performed for validity. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) were used for reliability. @*Results@#A seven-factor model with 36 items explained 50.8% of the variance. The Cronbach’s alpha was 0.90; the ICC for 2-weeks test-retest reliability was 0.80. Students with stable ways of coping tended to have a lower score on the perceived stress and depressive symptoms than their counterparts (all P<0.05). @*Conclusions@#The findings of this study provide evidence for the adequate psychometric properties of the WCQ-K. The WCQ-K may be used in school or clinical settings to examine the potential role of stress-coping strategies in enhanced stress management among Korean college students.

Mothers’ Experiences of Caring for Children with Precocious Puberty: A Q-Methodological Approach

Purpose@#This study explored experiences of mothers caring for children with precocious puberty. @*Methods@#Q-methodology was used for analyzing individual subjectivity. Seventy Q-statements were selected and scored by 50 participants on an 11-point scale. The collected data were analyzed using the PC QUANL program. @*Results@#The following eight types of care experiences of mothers of children with precocious puberty were identified: Type I-1: hypersensitive and best-result oriented, Type I-2: treatment burden, Type II-1: treatment-oriented, Type II-2: self-blame, Type III-1: accepting and compliant, Type III-2: treatment confused, Type IV-1: serious and engaged, and Type IV-2: naturalism- oriented. @*Conclusion@#These results can help develop specific education

Development of an Aging Anxiety Scale for Middle-Aged Women

PURPOSE@#This was a methodological study that aimed to develop a measurement scale for aging anxiety among middle-aged women.@*METHODS@#In this study, construct factors were extracted, and a conceptual framework was established through an extensive literature review and in-depth interviews with middle-aged women. Under the conceptual framework, 44 preliminary items were constructed, and a preliminary scale of 25 items was completed after two rounds of expert validation and item review. For this study, data were collected from 201 women aged 40~59 years, and the construct validity and reliability of the preliminary scale were verified.@*RESULTS@#To verify the construct validity, exploratory factor analysis was conducted. Four factors containing 19 items were extracted. Concurrent validity of the developed scale was verified with Pearson's correlation analysis. The final scale comprised 4 factors ("Social valueless", "Physical weakness", "Concern about changes in appearance", and "Expectations of old age") and 19 items. The Cronbach's α value was .91.@*CONCLUSION@#The scale for measuring aging anxiety in middle-aged women developed in this study validly reflected the peculiarities of aging anxiety in middle-aged women, who experience many physical, emotional, and social changes. The scale can be said to reflect the cultural background, as it reflected real experiences gained through in-depth interviews with middle-aged women.

Development of an Aging Anxiety Scale for Middle-Aged Women

PURPOSE: This was a methodological study that aimed to develop a measurement scale for aging anxiety among middle-aged women. METHODS: In this study, construct factors were extracted, and a conceptual framework was established through an extensive literature review and in-depth interviews with middle-aged women. Under the conceptual framework, 44 preliminary items were constructed, and a preliminary scale of 25 items was completed after two rounds of expert validation and item review. For this study, data were collected from 201 women aged 40~59 years, and the construct validity and reliability of the preliminary scale were verified. RESULTS: To verify the construct validity, exploratory factor analysis was conducted. Four factors containing 19 items were extracted. Concurrent validity of the developed scale was verified with Pearson's correlation analysis. The final scale comprised 4 factors ("Social valueless", "Physical weakness", "Concern about changes in appearance", and "Expectations of old age") and 19 items. The Cronbach's α value was .91. CONCLUSION: The scale for measuring aging anxiety in middle-aged women developed in this study validly reflected the peculiarities of aging anxiety in middle-aged women, who experience many physical, emotional, and social changes. The scale can be said to reflect the cultural background, as it reflected real experiences gained through in-depth interviews with middle-aged women.

Factors Influencing Burnout among Mothers of Children with Cerebral Palsy

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of parental stress, social support, and coping behavior on burnout among mothers caring for children with cerebral palsy. METHODS: Participants in this cross-sectional, descriptive study were 185 mothers who completed a self-report structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, correlation and multiple linear regression analyses with IBM SPSS Win 22 program. RESULTS: Parental stress and coping behavior were strong predictors of burnout among mothers of children with cerebral palsy. These variables explained 50.0% of the variance in burnout. Social support was not a predictor of burnout. A higher level of burnout was associated with higher levels of parental stress and lower levels of social support and coping behavior. CONCLUSION: Mothers of children with cerebral palsy are vulnerable to burnout. These results show that effective strategies for reducing parental stress and improving positive coping behavior are needed to reduce burnout in these mothers.

Transitional Care for Older Adults with Chronic Illnesses as a Vulnerable Population: Theoretical Framework and Future Directions in Nursing

PURPOSE: Effective transitional care is needed to improve the quality of life in older adult patients with chronic illness and avoid discontinuity of care and adverse events. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the key features, broader implications, and the utility of Meleis' transition theory intended for the transitional care of older adults with chronic illnesses. We present the role of nurse in the context of transitional care and propose future directions to increase the quality of nursing care. METHODS: The online databases Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, MEDLINE, and Science Direct were searched for relevant literature published since 1970 along with textbooks regarding nursing theory. RESULTS: An evaluation of the usefulness of transition theory based on transitional care in older adult patients with chronic illnesses is provided. Healthy transition should be the expected standard of nursing care for older adults across all healthcare settings. CONCLUSION: Nurses need to contribute to the development of transitional care for vulnerable populations; however, transition theory needs to be enhanced through additional theoretical work and repeated evaluations of the applicability in areas of transitional care.

Quality of Life of Women with Urinary Incontinence: A Systematic Literature Review / 대한배뇨장애요실금학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to review studies that have examined the quality of life of women with urinary incontinence. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A review was conducted that used the databases PubMED, Proquest, CINAHL, and Sciencedirect. Articles were included that were published in English between 2005 and 2010 the key words use were urinary incontinence, women, and quality of life. RESULTS: A total of 18 studies were identified, and the prevalence of urinary incontinence varied depending on the definition of incontinence used and the age of the population studied. The Incontinence Quality of Life (I-QoL), Incontinence Impact Questionnaire-short form (IIQ-7), and King's Health Questionnaire (KHQ) were the most commonly used instruments. Demographic, medical, physical, psychological, health, and intervention factors were reported as influencing factors on the quality of life of women with incontinence. Age, severity of urinary incontinence, type of urinary incontinence, number of urinary incontinence episodes, body weight, stress, and help-seeking behavior were statistically significant variables influencing quality of life. CONCLUSION: Future studies are needed to identify factors related to quality of life among women with incontinence and to use validated instruments according to specific subjects.

The Relationships of Work-Family Conflict, Social Support, Job Satisfaction, and Organizational Commitment in Korean Married Hospital Nurses / 기본간호학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between work-family conflict, social support, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment which are closely linked to staff turnover from the perspective of married hospital nurses. METHOD: A survey was conducted using self-report structured questionnaire from 220 married nurses. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, correlation and multiple linear regression with SPSS Win 17.0 program. RESULTS: Job satisfaction, social support, work-family conflict and age were strong predictors of organizational commitment. These variables explained 46.5% of the variance of the organizational commitment. Higher levels of organizational commitment were associated with greater job satisfaction and social support. Nurse with lower levels of work-family conflict and older age reported a high level of organizational commitment. CONCLUSION: These results show that improving job satisfaction has the best effect on enhancing nurses' organizational commitment. Also supportive relationships, reduction of work-family conflict and older age were significantly correlated with organizational commitment. Organizations should design more family- friendly policies and provide opportunities for career development to health professionals to induce organizational commitment.