Therapy of Dispelling Stasis， Removing Toxin， and Promoting Urination （Xuebijing Injection Combined with Modified Linggui Zhugantang） Affects Prognosis of Sepsis-induced Cardiomyopathy / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effect of the therapy of dispelling stasis， removing toxin， and promoting urination （modified Linggui Zhugantang combined with Xuebijing injection） on the prognosis of sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy （SICM）. MethodA total of 96 patients were randomly assigned into an observation group and a control group， with 48 patients in each group. The patients in the control group received sepsis bundle， and those in the observation group additionally received the therapy of dispelling stasis， removing toxin， and promoting urination （intravenous drip of Xuebijing injection and oral administration of modified Linggui Zhugantang）. The course of treatment in both groups was 7 days. The disease and prognosis indicators ［28-day mortality， intensive care unit （ICU） length of stay， major adverse cardiac events （MACE）， acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ （APACHE Ⅱ）， sequential organ failure assessment （SOFA） score， and mortality in emergency department sepsis （MEDS） score］， cardiac function indicators ［left ventricular ejection fraction （LVEF）， E/A ratio of peak velocity blood flow from left ventricular relaxation in early diastole （the E wave） to peak velocity flow in late diastole caused by atrial contraction （the A wave）， E/e′ ratio of mitral peak velocity of early filling （E） to early diastolic mitral annular velocity （e′）， and afterload-corrected cardiac performance （ACP）］， myocardial injury markers ［high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T （hs-cTnT）， N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide （NT-proBNP）， heart-type fatty acid-binding protein （H-FABP）， and high mobility group box-1 （HMGB-1）］， hemodynamic indicators ［extravascular lung water index （EVLWI）， global end-diastolic volume index （GEDVI）， cardiac index （CI）， and systemic vascular resistance index （SVRI）］， and TCM syndrome scores were assessed and compared between the two groups. ResultThe 28-day mortality and the incidence of MACE in the observation group were slightly lower than those in the control group. The ICU length of stay in the observation group was shorter than that in the control group （P<0.05）. After treatment， APACHE Ⅱ， SOFA， MEDS， syndrome score of stasis-caused internal obstruction， E/e′ ratio， hs-cTnT， NT-proBNP， H-FABP， and HMGB1 decreased compared with those before treatment （P<0.05）， while LVEF， E/A ratio， and ACP increased （P<0.05）. Moreover， the changes were more significant in the observation group （P<0.05）. On days 3， 5， and 7 after treatment， the EVLWI and SVRI in the observation group were lower than those in the control group （P<0.05）， while CI showed an opposite trend （P<0.05）. The observation group had higher GEDVI than the control group on days 3 and 5 after treatment （P<0.05）. ConclusionOn the basis of conventional bundle therapy， modified Linggui Zhugantang combined with Xuebijing injection with the effect of dispelling stasis， removing toxin， and promoting urination can inhibit the generation of myocardial injury markers and improve hemodynamics to shorten the length of ICU stay， mitigate the TCM syndrome， and reduce the risk of death， thereby improving the prognosis of SICM.

Identification of involatile chemical components from Moutai-flavored distiller’s grains / 中国药科大学学报

@#In order to study the involatile chemical components in Moutai-flavored distiller’s grains, the Moutai-flavored distiller’s grains were extracted with 75% ethanol, followed by extraction with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol. Silica gel, ODS, sephadex LH-20, and preparative HPLC were used to separate and identify the petroleum ether and ethyl acetate layers.ESI-MS and NMR were used to identify the compounds, which were respectively identified as pentadecanoic acid (1), palmitic acid (2), trans-2-decenoic acid (3), n-nonyl octadecanoate (4), ethyl octadecanoate (5), ethyl linoleate (6), luric acid (7), 1, 3-dicaprylyl-2-linoleylglycerin (8), cyclic (phenylalanine-proline) (9), cyclo-(proline-leucine) (10), 3, 6-bis-(2-methylpropyl)-2,5-dione piperazine (11), 4-hydroxyphenethyl alcohol (12), 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (13), stigmasterol (14), 2-furancarboxylic acid (15), valine (16), L-alanine acyl-L-proline (17), dihydroquercetin (18), 5, 7, 3'', 4''-tetrahydroxyflavonoids (19), quercetin (20), and naringenin (21). Compounds 1-21 were isolated from distiller’s grains for the first time.

Venous thromboembolism in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia in China: a report from the Chinese Children's Cancer Group-ALL-2015 / 医学前沿

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a complication in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The Chinese Children's Cancer Group-ALL-2015 protocol was carried out in China, and epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and risk factors associated with VTE were analyzed. We collected data on VTE in a multi-institutional clinical study of 7640 patients with ALL diagnosed in 20 hospitals from January 2015 to December 2019. First, VTE occurred in 159 (2.08%) patients, including 90 (56.6%) during induction therapy and 108 (67.92%) in the upper extremities. T-ALL had a 1.74-fold increased risk of VTE (95% CI 1.08-2.8, P = 0.022). Septicemia, as an adverse event of ALL treatment, can significantly promote the occurrence of VTE (P < 0.001). Catheter-related thrombosis (CRT) accounted for 75.47% (n = 120); and, symptomatic VTE, 58.49% (n = 93), which was more common in patients aged 12-18 years (P = 0.023), non-CRT patients (P < 0.001), or patients with cerebral thrombosis (P < 0.001). Of the patients with VTE treated with anticoagulation therapy (n = 147), 4.08% (n = 6) had bleeding. The VTE recurrence rate was 5.03% (n = 8). Patients with VTE treated by non-ultrasound-guided venous cannulation (P = 0.02), with residual thrombus (P = 0.006), or with short anticoagulation period (P = 0.026) had high recurrence rates. Thus, preventing repeated venous puncture and appropriately prolonged anticoagulation time can reduce the risk of VTE recurrence.

Effects of compound fermented milk on improving constipation in mice and underlying mechanism / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects of compound fermented milk on intestinal microbiota, short chain fatty acid (SCFA), intestinal motility and mucosal barrier in mice with constipation.Methods:Twenty-seven C57BL/6JNifdc mice were randomly divided into three groups: control group, model group and intervention group. The model group and the intervention group were given loperamide intragastrically for two weeks. Starting from the second week, the intervention group was treated with compound fermented milk for 7 d. The control group was given normal saline. Food intake, water intake, weight change, fecal moisture content, time of first-time black stool and small intestine propulsion rate were detected. Expression of serotonin C receptor (5-HTR2C), zona occludins-1 (ZO-1) and mucin-2 (MUC-2) at mRNA level in colon was analyzed. Western blot was used to measure the expression of Raf/ERK/MAPK-related proteins. SCFA level in intestinal tract was detected by gas chromatography. Intestinal microbiota diversity was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing.Results:Compared with the control group, the first black stool excretion time was significantly prolonged in the model group ( P<0.01). Moreover, fecal moisture content, small intestine propulsion rate and the expression of 5-HTR2C and ZO-1 at mRNA level in colon were significantly decreased ( P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the first black stool excretion time was significantly shortened ( P<0.05); fecal moisture content, small intestine propelling rate ( P<0.05), the expression of colon 5-HTR2C and ZO-1 at mRNA level ( P<0.05), phosphorylation of Raf/ERK/MAPK pathway in the colon, intestinal SCFA-producing bacteria and intestinal SCFA content were increased in the intervention group. Conclusions:Compound fermented milk had a therapeutic effect on constipation in a mouse model by increasing the abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria and SCFA content, enhancing the phosphorylation of the Raf/ERK/MAPK pathway to up-regulate the expression of 5-HTR2C at mRNA level in the colon, and increasing the expression of ZO-1 at mRNA level in the colon. Intestinal peristalsis and intestinal mucosal barrier function were enhanced, thus improving the symptom of constipation.

Influencing factors of life quality in middle-aged diabetic patients in a community of Shanghai / 上海预防医学

Objective To understand the situation and the influencing factors of life quality in diabetic patients in Shanghai， and to develop effective intervention measures. Methods A total of 212 diabetic patients in Baoshan District， Shanghai were selected as the research objects. Diabetes specific quality of life scale （DSQL） was used to investigate the basic situation and quality of life of patients. Combined with biochemical detection indexes and questionnaire survey， data were analyzed by variance analysis and multiple linear stepwise regression analysis. Blood glucose level was assessed according to the 1999 WHO diagnostic criteria for type 2 diabetes. Results The overall quality of life score in the patients was 4.31±7.82， which was higher than the domestic norm. The best quality of life was in the dimension of physiological function with the score of 1.84±6.00， which was lower than the domestic norm. The next was the dimension of social relationship， and the worst was the dimension of treatment. The single factor analysis and multivariate analysis identified the following influence factors of quality of life in the patients： family history， educational level， exercise habit， blood glucose control and diet control. There was a negative correlation with educational level and blood glucose control， and a positive correlation with diet control. Conclusion The quality of life in the middle-aged diabetic patients was affected by the education level， blood glucose control and diet control. We suggest to strengthen the community management， health education， and improve the living habits.

Secondary metabolites of the endophytic fungus Myrothecium sp. from Pinellia ternata / 中国药科大学学报

@#Using a series of purification methods including silica gel， Sephadex LH-20 and preparative high performance liquid chromatography， secondary metabolites of Myrothecium sp. were purified from the ethyl acetate extract of the solid fermentation product. Based on structure characterization and investigation on the physical and chemical properties a， twelve monomeric compounds were identified as 3''-hydroxyverrucarin A (1), verrucarin A (2), verrucarin L acetate (3), verrucarin J (4), verrucarin K (5), roridin A (6), roridin D (7), roridin H (8), roridin J (9), verrol 4-acetate (10), (3S, 3aS, 6α, 6aR)-dihydrosporothrioride (11) and 4,6-dihydroxy-1(3H)-isobenzofuranone (12). Compounds 1, 5 and 9 -12 were isolated from Myrothecium sp. for the first time.Compounds 2, 3, 4, 7 and 8 exhibited strong inhibitory effects on Candida albicans, with a minimal inhibitory concentration （MIC50） of 0.318, 0.218, 0.047, 0.569 and 0.558 μg/mL, respectively.

Bioactive A-ring rearranged limonoids from the root barks of

Screening active natural products, rapid identification, and accurate isolation are of great important for modern natural lead compounds discovery. We hereby reported the isolation of seven new neotecleanin-type limonoids (-), seven new limonoids with 5-oxatricyclo[5.4.0.11., 4.]hendecane ring system (-), and two new precursors (-) together with four known limonoids (-) from the root barks of . Their structures, including their absolute configurations, were elucidated based on analyses of HR-ESI-MS, 1D/2D NMR, ECD spectrum calculations and single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. Compounds , , , , , , showed significant anti-inflammatory activities in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cell line, BV2 microglial cells, and -stimulated THP-1 human monocytic cells. Walrobsin M () exhibited anti-inflammatory activity with IC value of 7.96±0.36 μmol/L, and down-regulated phosphorylation levels of ERK and p38 in a dose-dependent manner.

Study on the Effect and Mechanism of Xuezhiping Capsule on Blood Lipid Levels of High Blood Lipid Model Golden Hamsters / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE:To study the effect and its possible mechanism of Xuezhiping capsule on blood lipid levels of high blood lipid model golden hamsters. METHODS:Golden hamsters were randomly divided into normal control group,model group, atorvastatin group (3 mg/kg),combination group (Xuezhiping capsule 1.3 g/kg+atorvastatin 1.5 mg/kg),Xuezhiping capsule low-dose,medium-dose,high-dose groups(Xuezhiping capsule 1.3,2.6,5.2 g/kg),10 in each group. Hamsters in normal control group received normal diet,the other groups were given high-fat diet to establish high blood lipid model. Then relevant drugs were intragastrically given 2 weeks later. Normal control group and model group were intragastrically given equal volume of distilled wa-ter,once a day,for 4 weeks. After last administration,blood lipid indexes(TG,TC,HDL-C,LDL-C,FFA),mRNA and protein expressions of lipid metabolism related genes (PPAR-α,CYP7A1,ACOX,SREBP-1c,ACC1) were detected. RESULTS:Com-pared with normal control group,serum contents of TC,TG,LDL-C,FFA in model group increased,HDL-C content decreased;PPAR-α,CYP7A1,ACOX mRNA and protein expressions were weakened,SREBP-1c,ACC1 mRNA and protein expressions were enhanced(P<0.05). Compared with model group,above-mentioned indexes were obviously improved in Xuezhiping capsule high-dose group,atorvastatin group and combination group (except for HDL-C in Xuezhiping capsule high-dose group)(P<0.05);TC,TG,FFA contents,and PPAR-α,CYP7A1,ACOX,ACC1 mRNA,and CYP7A1,SREBP-1c,ACC1 protein were obviously improved in Xuezhiping capsule medium-dose group(P<0.05);TC,TG contents,and PPAR-α mRNA,and CYP7A1, SREBP-1c protein were obviously improved in Xuezhiping capsule low-dose group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Xuezhiping cap-sule has a promising effect of lowering blood lipid,the mechanism may be related to activating PPAR-α and inhibiting SREBP-lc signaling pathway.

Several thoughts and suggestions on modernization and internationalization of quality standard for Traditional Chinese Medicine / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

The modernization of quality standard for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is an important prerequisite for the internationalization of TCM.It is also an important guarantee for the rapid and healthy development of TCM industry.In recent years,we have strived to make TCM quality more in line with the needs of modern development.An important work is to improve and perfect the quality standard of TCM,which has obtained certain result.There are also lots of rooms to improve.From the point of material basis of TCM,this paper discussed requirements and further development direction of TCM quality standard under the background of achieving modernization and internationalization.

Role of DNA methyltransferases in the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain in rats / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the role of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) in the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain (NPP) in rats following sciatic nerve chronic constriction injury (CCI).
@*METHODS@#A total of 27 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats with successful implantation of lumbar intrathecal catheter were randomly divided into 3 groups: a sham + normal saline group (sham+NS group), a CCI+NS group, and a CCI+5-azacytidine group (CCI+5-AZA group) (n=9 in each group). The rats in the Sham+NS group and the CCI+NS group received NS, while the rats in the CCI+5-AZA group received 10 μmol/L of 5-AZA (a DNMTs inhibition) once a day through spinal injection from the 3th day to 14th day after CCI surgery. Mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) of ipsilateral hinds in the 3 groups were measured before or at the 3th, 5th, 7th, 10th or 14th day after CCI surgery. At the end of experiments, all rats were killed under deep anesthesia and their lumbar spinal cords were dissected to examine the DNMT1, DNMT3a and DNMT3b expression by RT-PCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry, respectively.
@*RESULTS@#Compared with the sham+NS group, the MWT and TWL in the CCI+NS group were obviously reduced from the 3th day to the 14th day after surgery (both P<0.05). Compared with the CCI+NS group, the MWT and TWL in the CCI+5-AZA group were obviously increased from the 5th day to the 14th day after surgery (both P<0.05), but they were still reduced compared with the sham+NS group (both P<0.05). The DNMT1, DNMT3a and DNMT3b were highly expressed in the lumbar spinal dorsal horn in all rats, and the positive signals were mainly located in the nucleus. The DNMT1, DNMT3a and DNMT3b levels in the CCI+NS group were increased significantly compared with that in the sham+NS group on the 14th day after surgery (all P<0.05). The DNMT1, DNMT3a and DNMT3b expressions in the CCI+ 5-AZA group were decreased significantly compared with that in the CCI+NS group (all P<0.05), but they still increased compared with that in the sham+NS group (all P<0.05). 
@*CONCLUSION@#Up-regulation of DNMTs in the lumbar spinal may play an important role in the pathogenesis of NPP in CCI rats. DNMTs inhibitors (5-AZA) could reduce expression of DNMTs and attenuate CCI-induced NPP, which might be a potential therapeutic drug for NPP.

Risk factors for cognitive impairment after ischemic stroke:a retrospective case series study / 国际脑血管病杂志

Objective To investigate the risk factors for cognitive impairment after ischemic stroke.Metbods The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scale was used to screen the patients with cognitive impairment within 3 days after the onset of ischemic stroke.The patients were divided into either a cognitive impairment group or a non-cognitive impairment group according to the MMSE scores.Demographics,vascular risk factors,and clinical data were compared in both groups.The independent risks factor for cognitive impairment after ischemic stroke were analyzed by using multivariate logistic regression analysis.Results A total of 202 patients with ischemic stroke were included in the study,in which 48 (23.8％) were in the cognitive impairment group.The proportions of age (66 ± 6 years vs.57 ± 5 years; t =2.231,P =0.038),previous diabetes (39.6％ vs. 18.2％ ; x2 =9.388,P =0.003 ),history of stroke or transient ischemic attack (39.6％ vs.20.8％;x2 =6.856,P=0.007),and the baseline National Institutes of Health Scale scores (11.8 ±2.4 vs,8.1 ± 1.9; t =2.046,P =0.043),as well as serum homocysteine (29.2± 7.8 μmol/L vs.19.9 ±6.5 μmol/L; t =2.781,P =0.008),uric acid (401.5 ± 51.1 μmol/L vs.312.4 ± 60.7 μmol/L; t =3.042,P=0.003),and C-reactive protein (18.4 ±5.2 μmol/L vs.11.3±4.2 μmol/L;t=2.903,P=0.004)levels in the cognitive impairment group were significantly higher than those in the non-cognitive impairment group.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that tha age (odds ratio [OR] 1.812,95％ confidence interval [CI] 1.138 -3.205; P =0.039),history of diabetes (OR 2.520,95％ CI 1.854 -4.111; P =0.025),history of stroke or transient ischemic attack (OR 4.232,95％ CI 1.905 - 8.582; P =0.014),as well as the increased levels of serum homocysteine (OR 3.618,95％ CI 2.061 -6.312; P =0.018),uric acid (OR 2.179,95％ CI 1.654 - 3.836; P =0.031),and C-reactive protein (OR 2.716,95％ CI 1.507 - 5.552; P =0.022)were the independent risk factors for cognitive impairment after ischemic stroke.Conclusions The incidence of cognitive impairment after the onset of ischemic stroke was higher.The age and the history of stroke or transient ischemic attack and diabetes,as well as the increased levels of serum C-reactive protein,uric acid,and homocysteine were the independent risk factors for cognitive impairment after ischemic stroke.

Application of Voxel-Based Morphometry in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer's Disease / 国际脑血管病杂志

Tne voxel-based morphometry(VBM)is a newly developed technique for brain morphometry in recent years.This article briefly expounds the concept,fundamental principle, advantages and disadvantages of VBM.It also reviews the preliminary applications of voxel-based morphometry in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer'S disease.

Effect of Tangshen Particle on Glucose and Lipidmetabolism and Renal Function of Diabeticmice / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective]To observe the curative effect of the Tangshen Particle on diabetes.[Methods] ICR mice were induced for diabetes by Alloxan intravenous injection,take Tangshen Particle and Xiaoke pill as the comparison group,observe each group’s glucose,lipid,renal index,urea,creatinine.[Results] The Tangshen Particle was able to decline glucose,lipid,renal index,urea,creatinine on diabetic mice,but the effect on high dose group was most obvious.[Conclusion] Tangshen Particle has good glucose-lowering and lipid-lowering effect on diabetic mice,and it has preventive and therapeutical effects on diabetic nephropathy .

A study of the ultrastructure and gene location of hereditary gingival fibromatosis / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To ascertain histology changes of hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) and the location of HGF gene.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A pedigree analyses of HGF; and the ultrastructure of gingival overgrowth tissue was observed with electron microscopy. The overgrowth of the HGF gene was defined with microsatellite markers.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The connective tissue of HGF consisted of coarse collagen bundles and several kinds of cells arranged abnormally, such as: epithelial cells, smooth muscle cells and so on; the HGF locus had been mapped to chromosome 5q13-q22.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The gingival pathologic changes resemble "hamartoma"; the findings has implications for identification of the underlying genetic basis of HGF.</p>

Clinical Analysis of Angioimmunoblastic T-cell Lymphoma in Children / 中国医师杂志

Objective To improve the diagnosis and therapy of children angioimmunoblatic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) by analyzing the clinical parameters of AITL. Methods The clinical data of 6 patients with AITL in the recent 10 years were retrospectively analyzed. Results The main symptoms of AITL had fever,skin rash,general lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, anemia and polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia. The pahologic morphology of AITL was what was known as "Triad", the immunophenotype of both the T-cell and B-cell was positive, and B-cell's one was main. Conclusion AITL is high malignant, and only lymphaden biopsy could confirm the diagnosis of AITL. Its prognosis is variable in different patients. The discrepancy of prognosis between children and adults is worthy of study, and individualized therapy of AITL must be adopted.

Pharmacodynamic Studies on Cough-settling, Phlegmdispelling and Panting-calming Actions of Ginkgo Distillate / 中成药

Objective:To evaluate the cough-settling, phlegm-dispelling and panting-calming actions of Ginkgo Distillate. Methods: The cough-settling and phlegm-dispelling effects were observed on the ammonia water-induced cough model of mice and phenol red expectoration method. The panting-calming effect was observed by wheezing and panting incubation period and relaxation test of isolated tracheal smooth muscle. Results: Ginkgo Distillate could inhibit mouse cough induced by ammonia water, promote mouse tracheal expectoration induced by phenol red, remit the wheezing and panting induced by histamine phosphate, prolong the wheezing and panting incubation period. It also possessed the inhibition on guinea pig tracheal contraction induced by histamine phosphate. Conclusions: Ginkgo Distillate has the cough-settling, phlegm-dispelling and panting-calming actions.

Pharmacodynamic studies on blood-quickening and stasis-transforming actions of Gongqing Granules / 中成药

Objective: To evaluate the pharmacological actions on blood quickening and stasistransforming of Gongqing Granules (Herba Leonuri, Herba Portulacae, Pollen Typhae, etc).Methods:Fibrinolysin dissolving, blood stagnation model induced by adrenaline hydrochloride, natural bleeding, capillary coagulation.Results: Gongqing Granules could obviously increase whole blood and plasma viscosities and packed cell volume, and obviously shorten the time of fibrionolysin dissolving. It showed no evident effect on the time of bleeding in mice and could shorten the time of capllary blood coagulation in rats.Conclusion: Gongqing Granules has strong actions of blood quickening and stasis transforming.