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1.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 150(5): 584-596, mayo 2022. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1409850

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Adolescents are more prone to develop health risk behaviors. Among these, early consumption of psychoactive drugs is relevant. AIM: To assess the association between early consumption of illicit drugs, tobacco and alcohol, suicide behaviors, risky sexual behaviors, eating habits and physical activity in school age adolescents from Valparaiso, Chile. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The online world survey of scholar health to identify the health risk behaviors was answered by 550 adolescents aged 15 to 18 years, from a public educational institution at Valparaiso, Chile. Results: Early consumption of alcohol, smoking and illicit drug use was reported by 59, 57 and 44% of respondents, respectively. The frequency of psychoactive drug consumption during the last month, risky sexual behaviors and missing breakfast was higher among those with an early onset of alcohol and illicit drug consumption and smoking. The frequency of suicidal risk behaviors and low consumption of fruits and vegetables was higher among those with an early onset of illicit drug use and smoking. A low physical activity level was associated with early smoking onset. Health risk behaviors were associated with early onset of alcohol and illicit drug consumption and smoking. CONCLUSIONS: Early onset of alcohol and illicit drug consumption and smoking is associated with health risk behaviors in Chilean adolescents.


Assuntos
Humanos , Adolescente , Drogas Ilícitas , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/epidemiologia , Psicotrópicos , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas/epidemiologia , Chile/epidemiologia , Comportamentos de Risco à Saúde
2.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 149(3): 447-457, mar. 2021. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1389455

RESUMO

Background: Education on human sexuality was instituted in Eloisa Díaz Campus in 1946. From 2018 an online self-learning general education course on sexuality was started. Aim: To know the degree of knowledge about sexuality and the perception about the course of 586 students (42% women) who approved the course. Material and Methods: The Myths and False beliefs and Self-perception on sexuality tests were applied to students at the onset and the end of the course. They also anonymously evaluated the course. Results: In the first assessment, the proportion of correct answers about sexuality and reproduction were 47 and 40% respectively. In the second assessment, 70% of respondents had open criteria about sexuality and 90% rejected traditional criteria. In the anonymous assessment, 95% estimated that the objectives of the course were accomplished. Its quality was considered good or excellent by 95% of respondents. Conclusions: This course was well accepted by students and corrects their knowledge gaps in sexuality. Despite the social unrest during 2019 and the pandemic during 2020, the course was successfully completed by most students.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Universidades , Sexualidade , Comportamento Sexual , Estudantes , Inquéritos e Questionários
3.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 148(7): 921-929, jul. 2020. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1139393

RESUMO

Background: Adolescence is considered a nutritionally vulnerable period of life, since their eating habits are influenced by factors that can promote the consumption of non-nutritious food. Aim: To analyze the relation between eating habits, obesity, and the perception of Health-Related Quality of Life in school-aged adolescents. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study of 550 adolescents aged 16 ± 1 years (60% women) attending a public education institution in Valparaíso, Chile. The Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS) for eating habits and the KIDSCREEN-27 survey for health-related quality of life were self-administered online. The answers were anonymous. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationship between the variables, which was adjusted for age and sex. Results: Ten percent of men and 6% of women were obese. Those with an inadequate consumption of fruits had a worst perception of their physical well-being, autonomy and relationship with their parents. Psychological well-being and school environment were perceived worst among those that did not consume breakfast. Obese respondents also reported a poorest physical health. Conclusions: Inadequate eating habits and obesity have a negative effect of health-related quality of life among adolescents.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Qualidade de Vida , Comportamento Alimentar , Instituições Acadêmicas , Chile/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos , Obesidade Infantil
4.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. (En línea) ; 85(2): 139-146, abr. 2020. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1115509

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Evaluar la calidad de la educación sexual recibida en el contexto escolar y su asociación a conductas sexuales en adolescentes chilenos. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal y analítico. La muestra correspondió a adolescentes de ambos sexos de 15 a 19 años, se obtuvo de una base de datos con representación nacional. Se evaluó la calidad de la educación sexual recibida en el contexto escolar como buena, regular y mala. Se realizó análisis descriptivo y de asociación entre las variables. Se calculó OR (Odds ratio) y RRR (Relative-risk ratios) ajustado por sexo, edad en años cumplidos, grupo socioeconómico y zona. RESULTADOS: La muestra correspondió a 1.049 adolescentes sexualmente activos, de estos el 21,83% correspondió al grupo con evaluación mala, 44,16% con evaluación regular y 34,01% con evaluación buena. La razón entre adolescentes que no usaron condón en la última relación sexual versus usaron condón, es 1,64 veces mayor en los adolescentes con evaluación mala de la educación sexual recibida (OR: 1,64; IC95%: 1,01 - 2,68). La razón entre adolescentes que tuvieron dos o más parejas sexuales en el último año versus ninguna o una, es 2,15 veces mayor en los adolescentes con evaluación mala de la educación sexual recibida (OR: 2,15; IC95%: 1,30 - 3,56). CONCLUSIÓN: Los participantes de este estudio evalúan la educación sexual recibida mayoritariamente como regular, existiendo una asociación con las conductas sexuales. Es importante realizar estudios en profundidad que permitan conocer por qué los adolescentes evalúan sólo como regular la educación sexual recibida en el sistema escolar.


OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the quality of the sexual education received in the school context and its association with sexual behaviors in Chilean adolescents. METHODS: Cross-sectional and analytical study. The sample corresponded to adolescents of both sexes from 15 to 19 years old, it was obtained from a database with national representation. The quality of the sexual education received in the school context was evaluated as good, regular and bad. Descriptive and association analysis were performed between the variables. OR (Odds ratio) and RRR (Relative-risk ratios) adjusted for sex, age in completed years, socioeconomic group and area were calculated. RESULTS: The sample corresponded to 1,049 sexually active adolescents, of these, 21.83% corresponded to the group with bad "Evaluation", 44.16% with regular "Evaluation" and 34.01% with good "Evaluation". The ratio among adolescents who did not use a condom in the last sexual relationship versus those who used a condom is 1.64 times higher in adolescents with a poor evaluation of sexual education received (OR: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.01 - 2.68). The ratio among adolescents who had two or more sexual partners in the last year versus those who had neither or one, is 2.15 times higher in adolescents with poor evaluation of sexual education received (OR: 2.15; 95% CI: 1.30 - 3.56). CONCLUSION: The participants of this study evaluate the sexual education received mostly as regular, with an association with sexual behaviors. It is important to conduct in-depth studies that allow us to know why adolescents evaluate the sexual education received in the school system as regular only.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Comportamento Sexual/psicologia , Educação Sexual , Comportamento do Adolescente/psicologia , Chile , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Avaliação Educacional
5.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. (En línea) ; 85(1): 24-35, feb. 2020. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1092772

RESUMO

OBJETIVOS: Determinar la asociación entre el consumo de sustancias y características de salud sexual y reproductiva de mujeres jóvenes en Chile. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal analítico en mujeres entre 15 a 24 años. Se formaron 3 grupos: Sin consumo de sustancias (SCS), Consumo no problemático de sustancias (CNPS) y Consumo problemático de sustancias (CPS). Se realizó análisis descriptivo y de asociación entre las variables. Se ajustaron modelos de regresión logística múltiple y ordinal múltiple. RESULTADOS: Muestra de 2.589 jóvenes, el 37,8% correspondió al grupo SCS, 46,3% al grupo CSNP y 15,9% al grupo CPS. En promedio la edad de inicio de actividad sexual fue menor en el grupo CPS (15,9 años p = 0,001) mostrando mayor porcentajes de sexo oral, anal, no uno de condón, relaciones sexuales con parejas menos estables, mayor número de parejas sexuales y violencia en la pareja, (p =0,001). En este grupo se incrementa 5,84 el riesgo de tener la última relación sexual con pareja menos estable (IC95%: 3,90 - 12,01) y 8,35 veces el riesgo de tener 2 o más parejas sexuales (últimos 12 meses) (IC95%: 5,35 - 16,34). En el grupo CNPS se incrementa 1,11 veces el riesgo de tener la última relación sexual con pareja menos estable (IC95%: 1,43 - 3,12), 1,01 veces tener 2 y más parejas sexuales (últimos 12 meses) (IC95%: 1,20 - 3,36). CONCLUSIONES: Reconociéndose que la sexualidad es multifactorial, las mujeres con consumo de sustancias viven situaciones que facilitan riesgos para su salud sexual. El consumo en mujeres jóvenes es un problema de salud pública que presenta desafíos para su abordaje.


OBJECTIVES: To determine the association between substance use and characteristics of sexual and reproductive health of young women in Chile. METHODS: Analytical cross-sectional study in women between 15 and 24 years. Three groups were formed: No substance use (SCS), Non-problematic substance use (CNPS) and Problem substance use (CPS). Descriptive and association analysis was performed between the variables. Multiple logistic regression and multiple ordinal models were adjusted. RESULTS: Sample of 2,589 young people, 37.8% corresponded to the SCS group, 46.3% to the CSNP group and 15.9% to the CPS group. On average the age of onset of sexual activity was lower in the CPS group (15.9 years p = 0.001) showing higher percentages of oral, anal sex, not a condom, sex with less stable partners, greater number of sexual partners and violence in the couple, (p = 0.001). In this group the risk of having the last sexual relationship with a less stable partner is increased 5.84 (95% CI: 3.90 - 12.01) and 8.35 times the risk of having 2 or more sexual partners (last 12 months) (95% CI: 5.35-16.34). In the CNPS group the risk of having the last sexual relationship with a less stable partner is increased 1.11 times (95% CI: 1.43 - 3.12), 1.01 times having 2 and more sexual partners (last 12 months) (95% CI: 1.20-3.36). CONCLUSIONS: Recognizing that sexuality is multifactorial, women with substance use experience situations that facilitate risks to their sexual health. Consumption in young women is a public health problem that presents challenges for its approach.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/epidemiologia , Saúde Reprodutiva/estatística & dados numéricos , Saúde Sexual/estatística & dados numéricos , Comportamento Sexual , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Modelos Logísticos , Chile , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Sexualidade , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/psicologia , Saúde Reprodutiva
6.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. (En línea) ; 84(1): 7-17, feb. 2019. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1003718

RESUMO

RESUMEN Antecedentes: Los adolescentes que se comprometen en actividad sexual en un contexto de sexo casual, pueden desarrollar patrones de actividad sexual que los llevarán a resultados en salud negativos tales como embarazo no planificado, infecciones de transmisión sexual, y mayor exposición a múltiples parejas sexuales. Objetivo: Analizar la asociación entre inicio sexual en contexto de sexo casual y comportamientos de riesgo en la salud sexual y reproductiva en adolescentes. Método: Estudio transversal y analítico en una población adolescente de ambos sexos. Se compararon adolescentes que iniciaron actividad sexual en un contexto de relaciones románticas y aquellos que lo hicieron en un contexto de sexo casual. Se analizó la asociación entre edad inicio relaciones sexuales, número de parejas sexuales, uso de método anticonceptivo y variables personales y familiares seleccionadas. Resultados: Se entrevistaron 3.565 adolescentes que habían iniciado relaciones sexuales. Las variables personales y familiares asociadas al inicio sexual en un contexto de sexo casual fueron: tener escolaridad básica, menor mediana de notas, antecedente de repitencia, proyectos académicos futuro solo terminar enseñanza media o secundaria, malas relaciones familiares, y disfunción familiar. Los comportamientos de riesgo en salud sexual en adolescentes de ambos sexos, que iniciaron actividad sexual en un contexto de relación de sexo casual fueron: inicio sexual más temprano, no uso de métodos anticonceptivos y mayor número de parejas sexuales. Conclusión: El inicio de la actividad sexual en un contexto de sexo casual expone a los adolescentes a mayores riesgos en sus comportamientos en su salud sexual y reproductiva cuando se comparan con aquellos que inician actividad sexual en un contexto más romantico.


ABSTRACT Background: Adolescents who engage in sexual activity in a non-romantic relationship may develop patterns of sexual activity that lead to negative health outcomes such as unplanned pregnancy, sexually transmitted infections, and increased exposure to multiple sexual partners. Objective: To analyze the association between sexual initiation in the context of non-romantic relationship and risk behaviors in sexual and reproductive health in adolescents. Method: Cross-sectional and analytical study in a teenage population of both sexes. We compared adolescents who initiated sexual activity in a context of romantic relationships and those who did it in a non-romantic context. The association between age at sexual initiation, number of sexual partners, use of contraceptive method and selected personal and family variables was analyzed. Results: 3,565 adolescents who had initiated sexual intercourse were interviewed. The personal and family variables associated with sexual initiation in a non-romantic context are: having a basic schooling, a lower grade point average and repeating background, and academic projects finishing secondary or high school, bad family relationships, and family dysfunction. The risk behaviors in sexual health in adolescents of both sexes who initiated sexual activity in a context of non-romantic relationship were: sexual debut earlier, no use of contraceptive methods and greater number of sexual partners. Conclusion: The beginning of sexual activity in a non-romantic context exposes adolescents to risk behaviors in their sexual and reproductive health.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Assunção de Riscos , Comportamento Sexual/estatística & dados numéricos , Comportamento do Adolescente/psicologia , Parceiros Sexuais , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores Etários , Comportamento Contraceptivo
7.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. (En línea) ; 84(4): 287-296, 2019. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1058150

RESUMO

RESUMEN Introducción: La satisfacción sexual es un indicador de calidad de vida que ha ido adquiriendo mayor relevancia en la investigación científica. Objetivo: Comparar el nivel de satisfacción sexual y variables de relación de pareja y comportamiento sexual en mujeres adultas y adolescentes usuarias de dos centros de salud universitarios Métodos: Estudio observacional, transversal y analítico en dos grupos de comparación: mujeres adultas y adolescentes. La satisfacción sexual fue medida mediante la Nueva Escala de Satisfacción Sexual (NSSS). Se aplicó cuestionario sobre datos sociodemográficos, relación de pareja y comportamiento sexual. Se realizó análisis bivariado y regresión logística para evaluar la asociación entre las variables de relación de pareja, comportamiento sexual y nivel de satisfacción sexual según grupo de adultas o adolescentes. Resultados: Participaron 348 mujeres (174 adultas y 174 adolescentes). La mediana de edad de adultas fue 33 años (rango 20-50) y adolescentes de 17 años (rango 14-19). En el 89,9% la experiencia sexual más reciente se dio en contexto de una relación de pareja. El 94,6 % se siente satisfecha con su relación de pareja. Las adolescentes presentan un mayor nivel de satisfacción sexual que las adultas. Conclusiones: En las mujeres adultas cuando la iniciativa sexual es compartida y se sienten satisfechas con la relación de pareja, aumenta la satisfacción sexual. En las adolescentes, aumenta la satisfaccción sexual cuando la actividad sexual se da en un contexto de relación de pareja y tienen una mayor frecuencia de relaciones sexuales.


ABSTRACT Introduction: Sexual satisfaction is an indicator of quality of life that has become more relevant in scientific research. Objective: To compare the level of sexual satisfaction, variables of couple relationship and sexual behavior of adult women and adolescents who are users of two university health care centers. Methods: Observational, transversal and analytical study of two groups: adult and adolescents women. Sexual satisfaction was measured by the New Sexual Satisfaction Scale (NSSS). A questionnaire was applied based on sociodemographic data, couple relationship and sexual behavior. Bivariate analysis and logistic regression were performed to evaluate the variables of couple relationship, sexual behavior and level of sexual satisfaction according to the group of adults or adolescents. Results: 348 women participated (174 adults and 174 adolescents). The average age of adults was 33 years (range 20-50) and adolescents 17 years (range 14-19). In the total trial 89.9% the most recent sexual experience occurred in the context of a relationship. 94,6% feel satisfied with their relationship. Adolescents have a higher level of sexual satisfaction than adults. Conclusions: When adult women feel satisfied with their relationship and sexual initiative is shared, the sexual satisfaction increases. In adolescents, sexual satisfaction increases when sexual activity occurs in a relationship context and when they have a higher frequency of sexual relations


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Satisfação Pessoal , Qualidade de Vida , Comportamento Sexual/estatística & dados numéricos , Centros de Saúde , Inquéritos e Questionários , Saúde da Mulher , Sexualidade/psicologia , Estudo Observacional
8.
Rev. chil. cir ; 70(4): 354-357, ago. 2018. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-959395

RESUMO

Resumen Objetivo: Evaluar la efectividad obtenida con la compresión ecoguiada como primera elección para lograr la trombosis del pseudoaneurisma iatrogénico post estudio o intervencionismo. Material y Método: Estudio retrospectivo observacional de 9 pacientes en quienes se realizó la compresión ecoguiada como primera alternativa de manejo frente a pseudoaneurismas iatrogénicos secundarios a procedimientos diagnósticos o terapéuticos ocurridos entre agosto de 2012 y diciembre de 2015 en el Hospital Regional de Talca. Resultados: De 4.070 procedimientos se presentó la complicación en 9 pacientes, un 0,22%; 7 posterior a procedimientos terapéuticos (0,4%), y 2 en el grupo de diagnósticos (0,08%). La muestra se compone por 6 hombres y 3 mujeres de edad promedio 70 años. El vaso comprometido fue principalmente la arteria femoral con un 77%. Los pseudoaneurismas ocurrieron mayoritariamente posteriores a procedimientos terapéuticos (77%); y el éxito de la compresión ecoguiada se obtuvo en el 67%. No hubo complicaciones asociadas al tratamiento. Conclusiones: La compresión ecoguiada tiene un porcentaje de éxito menor en esta pequeña serie que los obtenidos por otros autores, pero al no presentar complicaciones y por su bajo costo creemos debe mantenerse como primera alternativa.


Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness obtained with echo guided compression as the first choice to achieve thrombosis of iatrogenic pseudoaneurysm after study or interventionism. Material and Method: Retrospective observational study of 9 patients who underwent echo-guided compression as the first management alternative to iatrogenic pseudoaneurysms following diagnostic or therapeutic procedures that occurred between August 2012 and December 2015 at the Regional Hospital of Talca. Results: Of 4,070 procedures the complication was presented in 9 patients, 0.22%; 7 after therapeutic procedures (0.4%), and 2 in the diagnostic group (0.08%). The sample consists of 6 men and 3 women of average age 70 years. The involved vessel was mainly the femoral artery with 77%. Pseudoaneurysms occurred mostly after therapeutic procedures (77%); and the success of the echogenic compression was obtained in 67%. There were no complications associated with treatment. Conclusions : Image guided compression has a lower success rate in this small series than those obtained by other authors, but since there are no complications and because of its low cost, we believe that it should be kept as the first alternative.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Cateterismo/efeitos adversos , Técnicas Hemostáticas , Ultrassonografia/métodos , Falso Aneurisma/terapia , Pressão , Fatores de Tempo , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Falso Aneurisma/etiologia , Falso Aneurisma/epidemiologia , Falso Aneurisma/diagnóstico por imagem , Artéria Femoral/lesões , Doença Iatrogênica
9.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. (En línea) ; 83(2): 149-160, abr. 2018. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-959499

RESUMO

RESUMEN Objetivo Analizar la edad de inicio sexual y su asociación a variables de salud sexual y violencia en la relación de pareja (VRP) en adolescentes chilenos. Métodos Estudio transversal y analítico. La muestra se obtuvo de base de datos con representación nacional. Se realizó análisis de regresión logística múltiple controlando por edad y grupo socioeconómico y estratificando por sexo para determinar asociación entre las variables. Resultados En mujeres, el inicio sexual temprano (antes de los 15 años) aumenta en 0,85 veces el riesgo de embarazo no planificado (OR: 1,85; IC95%: 1,08 - 3,15). En hombres el inicio sexual temprano aumenta en 2.33 veces el riego de no usar anticonceptivo en la primera relación sexual (OR: 3,33; IC95%: 1,85 - 6,01) y 4.33 veces de tener 2 y más parejas sexuales durante los últimos 12 meses (OR: 5,33; IC95%: 3,25 - 8,75). La prevalencia de VRP fue 10%, siendo la violencia psicológica la más frecuente en hombres y en mujeres. En las mujeres, la edad de inicio sexual temprano aumenta 5,72 veces el riesgo de violencia física (OR: 6,72; IC95%: 2,52 - 17,87) y 7,82 veces violencia psicológica (OR: 8,82; IC95%: 4,10 - 19,0). Las adolescentes que presentan un inicio temprano de actividad sexual, muestran más frecuencia de prácticas de control y abuso hacia su pareja, en comparación con los hombres. Conclusiones El inicio sexual temprano y la VRP existen con una frecuencia preocupante, existiendo asociación entre ambas, en especial en mujeres, lo que aumenta el riesgo para la salud en general. Es necesaria la capacitación de los equipos de salud y educación e implementación de estrategias integrales que contribuyan a promover la salud y bienestar de los adolescentes.


ABSTRACT Objective To analyze the age of sexual debut, its association with variables of sexual health and intimate partner violence (PV) in Chilean adolescents. Methods Cross-sectional and analytical study. The sample was obtained from a database with national representation. Multiple logistic regression analysis was carried out controlling by age and socioeconomic group and stratifying by sex to determine association between the variables. Results In women, the age of early sexual initiation increases in 0.85 times the risk of unplanned pregnancy (OR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.08 - 3.15). In men, the age of early sexual debut increases by 2.33 times the risk of not using contraception in the first sexual relationship (OR: 3.33, 95% CI: 1.85 - 6.01) and 4.33 times of having 2 and more sexual partners during the last 12 months (OR: 5.33, 95% CI: 3.25 - 8.75). The prevalence of PV was 10%, psychological violence was the most frequent in men and women. In women, the age of early sexual initiation increases 5.72 times the risk of physical violence (OR: 6.72, 95% CI: 2.52 17.87) and 7.82 times psychological violence (OR: 8.82; 95% CI: 4.10 - 19.0) Adolescents who have an early onset of sexual activity show more evidence of control practices and abuse toward their partner, compared to men. Conclusions Intimate partner violence exists with a worrisome frequency, having an association with early sexual initiation, especially in women, increasing the risk to health in general. It is necessary to train health and education teams and implement comprehensive strategies that contribute to promoting the health and well-being of adolescents.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Comportamento Sexual/estatística & dados numéricos , Violência por Parceiro Íntimo , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Chile , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fatores Etários , Comportamento do Adolescente
10.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. (En línea) ; 83(4): 368-376, 2018. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-978108

RESUMO

RESUMEN Antecedentes: La evidencia científica sugiere que el inicio de las relaciones románticas en la adolescencia temprana expone a los adolescentes a otros comportamientos no normativos, como inicio sexual más temprano, mayor número de parejas sexuales, inicio del consumo de alcohol y drogas, entre otros, lo que resultara en una desventaja persistente para su vida futura. Objetivo: Analizar la asociación entre relaciones románticas tempranas y comportamientos de riesgo en salud en adolescentes chilenas. Método: Estudio transversal y analítico en una población de 4.398 adolescentes mujeres quienes contestaron una encuesta al ingreso de su primera consulta. Se compararon adolescentes que iniciaron relaciones románticas en la adolescencia temprana (13 y menos años), adolescencia media (14 y 16 años) y adolescencia tardía (17 y 19 años). Se analizó la asociación entre edad inicio relaciones románticas y variables personales, familiares, y de comportamiento. Resultados: El 50,1% inició relaciones románticas en la adolescencia temprana; el 48,3% en la adolescencia media y el 1,7% en la adolescencia tardía. El 84,17% del total de la muestra había iniciado actividad sexual y un 26,6% de ellas lo hizo antes de los 15 años. Se observó que las adolescentes que habían iniciado relaciones románticas en la adolescencia temprana con mayor frecuencia habían iniciado actividad sexual a edad más temprana, tenían más parejas cuando se comparan con los otros grupos. La menor edad de inicio de relaciones románticas también se asoció al consumo de marihuana. Conclusión: El inicio de las relaciones románticas en la adolescencia temprana se asoció a inicio sexual más temprano, tener más parejas sexuales, consumo de marihuana en adolescentes mujeres.


SUMMARY Background: Scientific evidence suggests that starting romantic relationships in early adolescence exposes people to other non-normative behaviors such as earlier sexual initiation, a larger number of sexual partners, and the start of alcohol and drug use, among others, leading to persistent disadvantages later in life. Objective: To analyze the association between early romantic relationships and health-risk behaviors in female Chilean adolescents. Method: Cross-sectional and analytic study in a population of 4.398 female adolescents who answered a survey during first medical appointment. The study compared adolescents who started romantic relationships in early adolescence (13 years and under), middle adolescence (14 and 16 years), and late adolescence (17 and 19 years). The association between the starting age of romantic relationships and personal, family and behavioral variables was analyzed. Results: 50.1% of the participants engaged in romantic relationships in early adolescence; 48.3% in middle adolescence, and 1.7% in late adolescence. 84.17% of sample had initiated sexual activity and 26.6% had done so before the age of 15. It was observed that adolescents who had had their first romantic relationships in early adolescence were more at risk of starting sexual activity at an earlier age, and having more sexual partners compared to the other groups. An earlier starting age of romantic relationships was also associated with marijuana use. Conclusion: The start of romantic relationships in early adolescence was associated with earlier sexual initiation, more sexual partners, and marijuana use in female adolescents.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Comportamento Sexual/psicologia , Comportamento do Adolescente/psicologia , Sexualidade/psicologia , Comportamento Sexual/estatística & dados numéricos , Parceiros Sexuais/psicologia , Drogas Ilícitas , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Usuários de Drogas/psicologia , Uso da Maconha , Relações Interpessoais
11.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 145(12): 1525-1534, dic. 2017. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-902477

RESUMO

Background The use of psychoactive substances among adolescents is a major social and public health concern. Aim To analyze association of substance abuse and multiple drug use with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in adolescents attending a high school in Valparaiso, Chile. Material and Methods Analytical cross-sectional study conducted in a sample of adolescents attending high school. HRQOL was assessed using KIDSCREEN-52 questionnaire and substance use was measured using the Global school-based student health survey. Participants had to complete online, self-administered, anonymous questionnaires. Multiple logistic regression analyses were conducted to calculate Odd ratios. Results A total of 550 adolescents aged 16 ± 1 years old completed the questionnaires. Thirty nine percent consumed alcohol during the last month, 31% smoked, 33% used marijuana and 33% admitted the use of multiple drugs. High-risk alcohol consumption was associated with a lower perception of psychological well-being, self-perception and school environment. This last dimension was affected in those who admitted marijuana use during the last month. Multiple drug use (three substances) was associated with a lower perception of physical and psychological well-being, self-perception, relationship with parents, family life and school environment. Conclusions High-risk alcohol consumption and multiple drug use (three substances) have a negative impact on the HRQOL of school age adolescents.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Tabagismo/epidemiologia , Abuso de Maconha/epidemiologia , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Álcool/epidemiologia , Tabagismo/psicologia , Modelos Logísticos , Chile/epidemiologia , Fatores Sexuais , Abuso de Maconha/psicologia , Estudos Transversais , Fatores de Risco , Inquéritos Epidemiológicos/métodos , Fatores Etários , Comportamento do Adolescente/psicologia , Distribuição por Sexo , Distribuição por Idade , Medição de Risco , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Álcool/psicologia , Autorrelato
12.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. (En línea) ; 82(4): 396-407, oct. 2017. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-899922

RESUMO

ANTECEDENTES: La evidencia muestra que uno de los factores fuertemente asociado con la postergación de la actividad sexual, es la afiliación o membrecía a religiones judeo-cristianas, con códigos estrictos de conductas. OBJETIVO: analizar la asociación entre religiosidad y comportamientos sexuales en adolescentes. MÉTODO: Estudio transversal analítico en una población adolescente. Se compararon adolescentes católicas, evangélicas y sin religión. Se analizó la asociación entre afiliación y asistencia a servicios religiosos y edad de inicio de la actividad sexual, uso de condón y número de parejas sexuales. RESULTADOS: Se entrevistaron 5.231 adolescentes (mediana de edad 16 años, 91,6% mujeres, 97,3% estudiantes). Las adolescentes que se declaran evangélicas, dejan de asistir a los servicios religiosos en mayor proporción que las adolescentes católicas al iniciar actividad sexual. La afiliación religiosa, sea católica o evangélica, retarda el inicio de la actividad sexual y disminuye el riesgo de tener más de una pareja sexual, comparadas con aquellas sin religión. Pero la afiliación religiosa, sea católica o evangélica, aumenta la posibilidad del no uso de condón, en comparación con aquellas sin religión. CONCLUSIÓN: La afiliación religiosa influye en los comportamientos sexuales en adolescentes, disminuyendo el riesgo en el inicio sexual y en el número de parejas sexuales, aumenta la posibilidad del no uso de condón pero no influye en el uso de anticonceptivos orales.


BACKGROUND: Evidence shows that one of the factors associated with the postponement of sexual activity is membership or affiliation to Judeo-Christian religions, with strict codes of behavior. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between religiosity and sexual behaviors in adolescents. METHOD: Analytical cross-sectional study conducted in a population of adolescents. Were compared catholic, evangelical and without religion. Association between affiliation and assistance religious services and age sexual initiation, condom use and number of sexual partners were analyzed. RESULTS: In total, 5.231 adolescents (median age 16 years, 91.6% female, 97.3% students,), were interviewed. Adolescents who declare to be evangelicals cease to attend religious services in greater proportion than Catholic adolescents when initiating sexual activity. Religious affiliation, whether Catholic or evangelical, delay the onset of sexual activity and decreases the risk of having more than one sexual partner, compared with those without religion, but religious affiliation, whether Catholic or evangelical, increases the risk of non-use of condoms, compared to those without religion. CONCLUSION: Religious affiliation influences sexual behaviors in adolescents, decreasing the risk in the age of sexual debut and in the number of sexual partners but increasing the risk in the non-use of the condom but does not influence the pill use.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Religião e Sexo , Comportamento Sexual , Comportamento do Adolescente/psicologia , Chile , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Comportamento Contraceptivo
13.
Med. infant ; 24(1): 14-20, marzo 2017. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-879130

RESUMO

Objetivo: Estudiar el perfil farmacoepidemiológico de rituximab en un hospital pediátrico de alta complejidad. Métodos: Diseño: Estudio de utilización de medicamentos: Prescripción ­ Indicación. Lugar: Hospital de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Participantes: pacientes que recibieron rituximab, de enero 2012 a junio 2014, comprendió 58 pacientes con 17 patologías distintas. Mediciones principales: se analizó la efectividad como: positiva, negativa e incierta. Se estudiaron las reacciones adversas al medicamento, que fueron procesadas y notificadas. Se evaluó también la manera de premedicar la administración del fármaco. Resultados: treinta y dos pacientes (55%) presentaron un resultado positivo luego del tratamiento,16 pacientes (29%) presentaron un resultado negativo y 9 (16%) tuvieron un resultado incierto. Los mejores resultados se obtuvieron en el tratamiento de pacientes con trasplante de médula ósea con infección por virus de Epstein Barr y en linfoma de Burkitt. Se hallaron 41 reacciones adversas en a 22 pacientes, la mayoría estuvieron relacionadas a la infusión. Se premedicó de 8 formas distintas a los pacientes. Conclusiones: Las patologías con mejores resultados son similares a lo esperado según la literatura consultada. El perfil de seguridad del rituximab lo ubica como un medicamento riesgoso. Es necesario mejorar el registro para ejecutar programas de farmacoepidemiología (AU)


Aim: To study the pharmacoepidemiological profile of rituximab in a pediatric tertiary-care hospital. Methods: Study design: Evaluation of medication use: Prescription ­ Indication. Place: Hospital de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Participants: patients receiving rituximab between January 2012 and June 2014, including 58 patients with 15 different conditions. Main measurements: effectivity was defined as: positive, negative, and uncertain. Adverse events associated with rituximab were studied, processed, and notified. Premedication for administration of the drug was also studied. Results: Thirty-two patients (55%) had a positive response,16 patients (29%) had a negative response , and 9 (16%) had an uncertain response to the treatment. The best results were obtained in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation with Epstein Barr virus and in those with Burkitt's lymphoma. Forty-one adverse events were observed in 22 patients, related to drug-infusion in the majority of cases. Pre-medication was administered in the patients in 8 different ways. Conclusions: The conditions in which the best results were achieved were similar to those reported in the literature. The safety profile of rituximab places it among risk drugs. Registration needs to be improved to run pharmacoepidemiology programs (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Farmacoepidemiologia , Rituximab/administração & dosagem , Rituximab/efeitos adversos , Rituximab/toxicidade , Administração Intravenosa , Anticorpos Monoclonais/uso terapêutico , Medição de Risco
14.
Medisur ; 15(1): 56-62, ene.-feb. 2017.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-841715

RESUMO

En la bibliografía consultada se pone de manifiesto que la dimensión teórica de la interdisciplinariedad está más desarrollada que su dimensión práctica. Se comprende que desarrollar la interdisciplinariedad desde la práctica exige singularizar su proyección desde el colectivo de año y los colectivos de las disciplinas que integran un determinado plan de estudio. El colectivo de la disciplina Filosofía y Sociedad puso en práctica una aproximación interdisciplinaria desde la propia disciplina, aplicada en el primer año de la carrera de medicina, aprovechando las posibilidades que ofrece su contenido de amplia generalidad. Se exponen los resultados obtenidos y se ofrecen recomendaciones sobre el papel que puede jugar la Filosofía Marxista y Leninista para establecer una ruptura dialéctica con la presentación de contenidos por estancos, de manera fragmentada y en muchos casos descontextualizada de la realidad en que vive el estudiante. El trabajo tiene como objetivo exponer las posibilidades que ofrece la disciplina Filosofía y Sociedad para fortalecer la dimensión práctica de la interdisciplinariedad.


In the consulted bibliography it is shown the theoretical dimension on interdisciplinarity is more developed than its practical dimension. It is understood that developing interdisciplinarity from practice requires singling out its projection from the academic year staff and discipline staff which integrate a given curriculum. The discipline staff of Philosophy and Society put into practice an interdisplinary approach from its own discipline, applied to the first year of the medical major taking advantage of the possibilities offered by its broad application to all disciplines. The results achieved are exposed and recommendations on the Marxist Leninist role to set a dialectic rupture with content presentation by parts, in fragmented way and in many cases decontextualized from the students´ living reality. The paper is aimed at showing the possibilities the discipline Philosophy and Society has to strengthen the practical dimension of interdisciplinarity.

15.
Medisur ; 14(6): 760-766, nov.-dic. 2016.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-829228

RESUMO

La personalidad de Ernesto Guevara es reconocida en el mundo por sus aportes a la lucha de los pueblos, su ética y sus principios revolucionarios, que han dejado sus huellas en la vida social, política, económica y cultural de las diferentes naciones del mundo; sin embargo, un aspecto insuficientemente estudiado de su obra es su pensamiento y acciones a favor del desarrollo de la medicina social, aquella que le otorga un papel determinante a los factores sociales en el origen y desarrollo de la salud y la enfermedad, así como a la acción político - gubernamental en las áreas de prevención, promoción, rehabilitación y a la atención médica. Estas ideas del Che se fueron conformando a lo largo de su vida, mucho antes de iniciar su carrera como médico, y se consolidaron durante la lucha guerrillera en la Sierra Maestra; se convirtieron en convicción en su actuar práctico, primero, durante la lucha revolucionaria, y después del triunfo en 1959 en Cuba. En el pensamiento médico social de Che están contenidos los principios rectores y las bases conceptuales y prácticas del paradigma socio-médico cubano, que están vigentes en la concepción de la medicina familiar y en la formación del médico de familia cubano. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo determinar los principales aspectos del pensamiento médico social de Ernesto Che Guevara y su contribución teórica a la conformación del paradigma socio-médico cubano.


Ernesto Che Guevara´s personality is recognized worldwide for his contribution to the struggle of the peoples, his ethics and his revolutionary principles which have left their mark on the social economic and cultural life, politics, of different nations of the world. An insufficiently studied aspect of his work, however, has been his thinking and actions in favour of the development of social medicine which grants a leading role to the social factors in the origin and development of health and disease so as the political and governmental action in the areas of prevention, promotion, rehabilitation and medical care. These ideas of Che were made up throughout his life, long before starting his medical studies, were consolidated during the guerrilla struggle in the Sierra Maestra and became belief in his practical behaviour, first, during the revolutionary struggle and then after the triumph in 1959 in Cuba. In the social medical thinking of Che, they are contained the guiding principles and the conceptual and practical bases of the Cuban socio-medical paradigm, which are valid in the conception of familial medicine and in the formation of the Cuban familial doctor. This work is aimed at determining the main elements of the social medical thinking of Ernesto Che Guevara and their theoretical contribution to the conformation of the Cuban socio-medical paradigm.

16.
Medisur ; 14(5): 536-548, sep.-oct. 2016.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-829211

RESUMO

Fundamento: en las carreras de las ciencias médicas existen problemas con el ingreso motivados por la carencia de una debida orientación vocacional. Objetivo: evaluar un sistema de acciones para potenciar la orientación vocacional en estudiantes de 12mo grado de los institutos preuniversitarios de la provincia de Cienfuegos. Métodos:investigación cuali-cuantititativa que incluyó 523 estudiantes del predestacamento de las ciencias médicas en Cienfuegos, así como 105 profesores de los preuniversitarios de la provincia y 20 funcionarios de Educación Provincial. Se estructuró en dos momentos, uno dirigido a la organización y planificación de las actividades a realizar con los estudiantes, y el segundo momento de implementación y evaluación. Se analizó el nivel de satisfacción de estudiantes y profesores con el sistema de acciones. Se realizó una prueba de independencia con el estadígrafo Chi cuadrado, con un 95 % de confianza, para determinar correspondencia del nivel de satisfacción. Resultados: las expectativas de los estudiantes fueron satisfechas teniendo en cuenta las vías de orientación vocacional, aumentó el nivel de conocimiento acerca de la profesión y se fortalecieron los vínculos entre los organismos e instituciones (MINED-MINSAP). Existió correspondencia entre el nivel de satisfacción de profesores, estudiantes y el consejo de dirección de los institutos preunivesitarios, pero todos consideraron que se debe aumentar la participación de la familia. Conclusiones: un sistema de acciones bien concebido favorece el desarrollo de la orientación vocacional en las ciencias médicas, pero debe aumentarse la participación de la familia, así como de los estudiantes pertenecientes a institutos preuniversitarios lejanos a la cabecera municipal.


Background: there are problems with enrollment in medical science programs due to the lack of proper vocational guidance. Objective: to evaluate a set of actions to promote vocational guidance in 12th-grade students attending senior high schools in Cienfuegos province. Methods: a qualitative and quantitative research was conducted comprising 523 students in the preparatory groups for entering medical school programs in Cienfuegos, 105 faculty members and 20 officials of the Provincial Education Department. The research study was divided into two parts, one devoted to the organization and planning of activities with the students, and the second part focused on their implementation and evaluation. The level of student and faculty satisfaction with the set of actions was analyzed. A Chi-square test of independence was used with a 95% confidence interval. Results: student’s expectations were met. The level of knowledge about the profession increased and the links between ministries and institutions (MINED-MINSAP) were strengthened. There was a correspondence between the level of satisfaction of faculty members, students, and the administrators of the senior high schools, but all believed that family involvement should increase. Conclusions: a well-conceived set of actions favors vocational guidance in medical sciences; however, family involvement should increase, as well as the participation of students attending senior high schools distant from the capital city of the province.

17.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 144(10): 1260-1265, oct. 2016. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-845439

RESUMO

Background: Teenage pregnancy is a psychosocial and multifactorial problem described as a lack of exercise of rights in sexual and reproductive health. There are important aspects in the doctor-patient relationship and confidentiality that directly affect the continuity and quality of care. There are controversies in the laws relating to the provision of contraception and confidentiality, and those that protect the sexual indemnity, especially in adolescents under 14 years. Aim: To describe the implications of the legal framework for professional midwives in the care of adolescents younger than 14 years in sexual and reproductive health. Material and Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted to 13 female and 2 male midwives working at Primary Health Care Centers in the Metropolitan Region. Results: The attention of adolescents younger than 14 years in sexual and reproductive health involves medical-legal issues for health professionals. All professionals recognize that mandatory reporting sexual activity is a complex situation. All professionals notify pregnancies. In relation to the delivery of contraception, clinical care is problematic since professionals should take shelter from a legal standpoint. Conclusions: The medical-legal context of pregnant women under 14 years of age care generates a context of uncertainty and fear for professionals and becomes a source of conflict and insecurity in the exercise of the profession.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Gravidez , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gravidez na Adolescência/prevenção & controle , Relações Profissional-Paciente , Saúde Reprodutiva/legislação & jurisprudência , Tocologia/legislação & jurisprudência , Atenção Primária à Saúde/legislação & jurisprudência , Chile , Entrevistas como Assunto , Inquéritos e Questionários , Confidencialidade , Pesquisa Qualitativa , Saúde Reprodutiva/educação , Legislação Médica
18.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 81(3): 202-210, jun. 2016. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-788910

RESUMO

ANTECEDENTES: Los adolescentes y jóvenes lesbianas, gays y bisexuales (LGB) presentan desafíos adicionales en su desarrollo comparados con sus pares heterosexuales, lo cual los expone a altos niveles de estrés y angustia que pueden llevarlos a comportamientos sexuales de riesgo. OBJETIVO: Analizar los comportamientos sexuales y características personales según la orientación sexual en adolescentes consultantes en un centro de salud sexual y reproductiva. MÉTODO: Estudio transversal y analítico en una población adolescente. Los datos fueron recolectados entre 2000-2012. Se utilizó regresión logística múltiple para comparar variables personales, comportamientos sexuales y la orientación sexual. RESULTADOS: En total, 5.143 adolescentes (mediana de edad 16 años, 91,5% mujeres y 97,5% estudiantes) fueron estudiados; 127 reportaron orientación LGB. Los adolescentes LGB presentaron riesgo de tener más parejas sexuales en el grupo de adolescentes católicos, y en el grupo total inicio de la actividad sexual más temprana que sus pares heterosexuales, además los adolescentes LGB en el uso de métodos anticonceptivos no mostró ser un factor de riesgo en los adolescentes católicos pero si en los adolescentes con otra o sin religión. CONCLUSIONES: Los resultados de este estudio muestran que los adolescentes LGB y heterosexual no son idénticos en términos de riesgo sexual. La población LGB se compromete en comportamientos sexuales de más riesgo que su contraparte heterosexual. Los proveedores de salud como el sector educación necesitan estar más sensibilizados a estas diferencias y sus implicancias para la salud y consejería de los y las adolescentes.


BACKGROUND: Adolescents and young lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) present additional challenges in their development compared to their heterosexual peers which exposes them to high levels of stress and distress that can lead to sexual risk behaviors. AIM: To analyze the sexual behavior, personal characteristics and sexual orientation in adolescents that attended in a center of sexual and reproductive health. METHODS: Analytical cross-sectional study conducted in an adolescent population. Data were collected in 2000-2012. Multiple logistic regression was used to quantify comparisons of sexual behaviors and personal variables between LGB and heterosexual adolescents. RESULTS: In total, 5,143 adolescents (median age 16 years, 91.5% women and 97.5% students) were studied, 127 were LGB teenagers. LGB adolescents reported risk having more sexual partners and sexual debut earlier than their heterosexual peers. This risk increased by catholic teenagers. Using contraception methods showed no risk in catholic teenagers but adolescents as-signed to another religion or no religion which was a risk factor. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study show that the LGB and heterosexual adolescents are not identical in terms of sexual risk. LGB engages in riskier sexual behaviors than heterosexual counterparts. Healthcare providers and the education sector need to be sensitive to these differences and their implications for health and counseling of adolescents.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Personalidade , Comportamento Sexual/psicologia , Comportamento do Adolescente/psicologia , Assunção de Riscos , Modelos Logísticos , Chile , Estudos Transversais , Comportamento Contraceptivo , Heterossexualidade , Minorias Sexuais e de Gênero
19.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 81(3): 234-242, jun. 2016. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-788915

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: Entre 15-20% de los embarazos gemelares monocoriales biamnióticos se complican con el síndrome de transfusión feto/fetal el cual se asocia con mortalidad superior a 90% y morbilidad significativa en el 50% del gemelo sobreviviente. La técnica láser que coagula la superficie de la placa coriónica entre los principales canales a lo largo del ecuador (técnica de Solomon), se ha sugerido para disminuir la recurrencia, prevenir complicaciones secundarias sin incrementar resultados adversos. Métodos: REVISIÓN de la literatura existente en las bases de datos MEDLINE, EBSCO, OVID, PROQUEST, COCHRANE, Lilacs, SciELO, desde el año 2000 al 2015. Se incluyeron los artículos de revisión e investigaciones originales que compararon la técnica estándar de fotocoagulación secuencial con láser y la técnica de Solomon, el resultado primario fue la reducción de la incidencia Secuencia Anemia Policitemia, recurrencia del síndrome de transfusión feto/fetal, mortalidad perinatal y morbilidad neonatal severa. RESULTADOS: Se encontraron 200 artículos, se seleccionaron seis: 1 ensayo clínico y su análisis secundario, 2 estudios de cohorte retrospectivos, 1 revisión sistemática y un estudio que compara los resultados del neurodesarrollo. Los estudios sugieren una mejoría en la sobrevida de algunos de los fetos con la técnica Solomon, menor recurrencia del síndrome de transfusión feto/fetal y Secuencia Anemia Policitemia, sin la presencia de eventos adversos. CONCLUSIÓN: La técnica de Solomon mejora la sobrevida de algunos gemelos, sin embargo no puede concluirse que haya mejoría en la mortalidad pues los estudios no tienen el suficiente poder para determinarlo.


INTRODUCTION: Between 15 to 20% of monochorionic diamniotic twin pregnancies are complicated by the twin-twin transfusion syndrome. It has a mortality greater than 90% and a significant morbidity, 50% in the surviving twin. The Solomon technique (laser photocoagulation of the main vascular channels of the chorio-nic plate surface along the entire vascular equator) has been suggested to reduce the recurrence, and pre-vent secondary complications without increasing adverse results. METHODS: Systematic review of electronic searches of the literature from 2000 to 2015 (MEDLINE, EBSCO, OVID, PROQUEST, COCHRANE, Lilacs, and SciELO). We included review articles and original investigations comparing the standard photocoagulation technique with laser ablation against the Solomon technique. The primary results were reduction of Anemia Polycythemia Sequence incidence, twin-twin transfusion syndrome recurrence, perinatal mortality and severe neonatal morbidity. RESULTS: Of 200 articles, we selected six: one clinical essay and its secondary analysis, two retrospective cohort studies, one systematic review and a study comparing neurodeve-lopmental outcomes. The studies suggested a survival improvement in some fetuses using the Solomon technique, less twin-twin transfusion syndrome recurrence and Anemia Polycythemia Sequence without the presence of adverse effects. CONCLUSION: Solomon technique improves the survival of some twins, although we cannot conclude there is mortality improvement, because the studies do not have enough power to determine that.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Recém-Nascido , Fotocoagulação a Laser/métodos , Transfusão Feto-Fetal/cirurgia , Policitemia/etiologia , Síndrome , Gêmeos , Resultado da Gravidez , Resultado do Tratamento , Transfusão Feto-Fetal/complicações , Fetoscopia , Anemia/etiologia , Fotocoagulação
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