Application of narrative medicine in general practice residency training / 中华全科医师杂志

In recent years, progress has been made in general practice education research with the integration of narrative medicine and general practice. The narrative medicine is conducive to upgrading the abilities of general practice residents in doctor-patient communication, disease management and clinical decision makings; it also conducive to improvement of their humanistic quality and doctor-patient relationship. This article reviews the application of narrative medicine in the general practice residency training, and discusses relevant problems and countermeasures.

Cloning and Function Analysis of ω-3-Fatty Acid Desaturase 8 Gene from Perilla frutescens / 中国生物化学与分子生物学报

ω-3-Fatty acid desaturase 8 (FAD8), as a dehydrogenase enzyme, plays a key role in the transformation of saturated fatty acids into unsaturated fatty acids, which is helpful to enhance the freezing tolerance of plants. However, it remains unclear whether the expression level of FAD8 in Perilla frutescens is regulated by low temperature. Based on transcriptome data, the FAD8 gene was cloned, characterized and then successfully expressed in tobacco Nicotiana tabacum. The gene was designated as PfFAD8 and has a full-length coding sequence of 1 317 bp coding for 438 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 50 kD and a theoretical isoelectric point of 9. 13. Our research indicated that the expression of PfFAD8 in Perilla frutescens was increased under the freezing stress. To further confirm this result, a 35S::PfFAD8 vector were constructed and transformed into N. tabacum by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Transgenic tobacco leaves that over-expressed the PfFAD8 gene exhibited significantly higher unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) such as linoleic (C18:2) and palmitic acid (C16:0) content and advanced freezing tolerance. Moreover, PfFAD8 overexpression in transgenic tobacco leaves increases malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline (PRO) content, and enhances defense enzymes activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) to some extent under the cold condition, which might prevent the decline of UFA. Taken together, PfFAD8 overexpression in Perilla frutescens might be involved in the desaturation process of lipids leading to increased membrane stability and/ or induction of other genes related to freezing tolerance by octadecanoid pathway or lipid peroxidation products. Thus, PfFAD8 overexpression could be useful in the production of freeze-tolerant varieties of N. tabacum.

Expert Consensus on Sepsis Responding Specifically to Traditional Chinese Medicine / 中国实验方剂学杂志

To give full play to the therapeutic advantages of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） in sepsis， clarify the entry point of integrated TCM and western medicine， further standardize the clinical treatment of TCM， develop a recognized and integrated treatment protocol of TCM and western medicine， and improve the clinical efficacy on sepsis，the Chinese Association of Chinese Medicine organized TCM and western medicine experts specialized in sepsis treatment to conduct in-depth discussions on the advantages of TCM and integrated TCM and western medicine in the treatment of sepsis based on the TCM etiology and pathogenesis of sepsis， a representative acute and critical disease. They emphasized the pathogenesis characteristics of asthenia of healthy Qi and sthenia of pathogenic factors and summarized the roles of Chinese medicine in correcting the imbalance of inflammatory response， improving blood coagulation dysfunction， and relieving organ damage. Furthermore， they proposed the treatment protocol with integrated TCM and western medicine， which is expected to provide references for actual clinical treatment and scientific research.

Analysis of the factors contributing to endometriosis in China and UK / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the differences in the factors associated with endometriosis between Chinese and British patients.@*METHODS@#This case-control study was conducted in 387 patients with endometriosis and 199 non-endometriosis patients admitted to John Radcliffe Hospital (Oxford, UK) and in 101 patients with endometriosis and 50 non-endometriosis patients admitted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine. The clinical data including height, weight, body mass index, marital status, employment, menstruation, fertility, and operation reasons were collected via a standardized WERF EPHect questionnaire.@*RESULTS@#Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that body mass index, surgery for dysmenorrhea, history of pregnancy, counts of previous surgeries for endometriosis and status of employment were all significantly associated with endometriosis in the UK (P < 0.05), while a history of dysmenorrhea was significantly correlated with endometriosis in Chinese patients (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Dysmenorrhea may be the most important common factor associated with endometriosis in China and the UK, but the other factors contributing to endometriosis may differ between these two countries.

Investigation of acupuncture in improving sleep, cognitive and emotion based on attenuation of oxidative stress in prefrontal cortex in sleep-deprived rats / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To explore whether acupuncture can improve sleep disturbance, cognitive impairment and emotional disorders caused by sleep deprivation, and its association with the attenuation of oxidative stress injury in prefrontal cortex. Methods: Fifty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group (n=10), a model group (n=14), a manual acupuncture (MA) group (n=14), and a sham-MA group (n=14). All the groups were established as sleep deprivation models via the modified multiple platform method, except for the control group. Rats in both the MA group and the sham-MA group received corresponding intervention, respectively. After modeling and intervention, the four groups received three behavioral tests, namely sleep monitoring, by comprehensive lab animal monitoring system (CLAMS), Morris water maze (MWM) test and open-field test (OFT), followed by oxygen free radical level test and Western blot (WB) detection for the expression levels of Bax and Bcl-2. Results: The MA group derived more sleep time within 24 h than either the model group or the sham-MA group (both P<0.05). On MWM orientation navigation test day 1, there were no significant differences in escape latency among the control, MA and sham-MA groups (P>0.05), and the escape latency was significantly shorter in these three groups than that in the model group (all P<0.05). On test day 4, the escape latency was markedly shorter in the MA group than that in either the model group or the sham-MA group (both P<0.05); meanwhile, the MA group showed significantly better performance compared with these two groups in space probe test (both P<0.05). In OFT, compared with the control group, there was a significant decline in the horizontal movement score in the other three groups (all P<0.05), and the decrease was more significant in the model group and the sham-MA group than that in the MA group (both P<0.05). The superoxide dismutase (SOD) content was markedly higher and the malondialdehyde (MDA) content was markedly lower in the MA group than those in the model group and the sham-MA group (all P<0.05). Compared with the model group and the sham-MA group, the expression of Bax was significantly lower and the expression of Bcl-2 was significantly higher in the MA group (all P<0.05). Conclusion: MA therapy can lengthen the sleep time in sleep-deprived rats and improve learning and memory impairments induced by sleep deprivation, and the underlying mechanism may be associated with the enhancement of antioxidant capacity in the prefrontal cortex and the inhibition of hippocampal neuronal apoptosis.

Effect and Mechanism of Fuzheng Touxie Prescription on Immune Homeostasis of Drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lung Infection Rats / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect and mechanism of Fuzheng Touxie prescription （FZTX） on the immune homeostasis of drug-resistant <italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</italic> lung infection in rats at different time points. Method:A total of 168 rats were divided into a blank group （<italic>n</italic>=8），a model group （<italic>n</italic>=40），a Touxie （TX） group （<italic>n</italic>=40），an early Fuzheng （FZ） group （<italic>n</italic>=40）， and a delayed FZ group （<italic>n</italic>=40）. The blank group was given distilled water by gavage， the model group was given distilled water by gavage after infection，the TX group was given clear heat and penetrate evil drug free decoction granules（3.5 g·kg^-1） by gavage after infection， the early FZ group was given Fuzheng Touxie whole formula free decoction granules（10.75 g·kg^-1） by gavage after infection， the delayed FZ group was given clear heat and penetrate evil drug free decoction granules by gavage after infection， on the third day plus Fuzheng drug free decoction granules［（3.5+10.75） g·kg^-1］ by gavage， the three treatment groups were gavaged twice a day， 2 mL each time .Each drug treatment group was divided into five groups according to five time points （3 h，1 d，3 d，5 d， and 7 d）， with eight rats in each group. The levels of tumor necrosis factor-<italic>α</italic>（TNF-<italic>α</italic>），high mobility group protein 1（HMGB1），interleukin-10（IL-10）， and tumor necrosis factor -<italic>α</italic>-induced protein-8-like2 （TIPE2） were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， and HMGB1 protein expression level by Western blot. Result:At 3 h，the TNF-<italic>α</italic> content in the drug treatment groups was higher than that in the blank group and the model group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. At 3 d，the TNF-<italic>α</italic> content in the early FZ group and the delayed FZ group was lower than that in the model group （<italic>P</italic><0.05） and the TX group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. At 1 d，the HMGB1 content in the TX group and the delayed FZ group was higher than that in the model group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. At 5 d，the HMGB1 content was lower in the delayed FZ group than in the model group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. At 7 d，HMGB1 protein expression in the model group was higher than that in the blank group （<italic>P</italic><0.05） and the early FZ group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. At 3 d，the IL-10 content was significantly higher in both the early FZ group and the delayed FZ group than that in the model group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. At 5 d，the IL-10 content was higher in the early FZ group than that in the TX group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. At 7 d，the IL-10 content in the early FZ group and the delayed FZ group was lower than that in the TX group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. At 5 d，the TIPE2 content in the early FZ group was lower than that in the model group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. At 7 d，the TIPE2 content in the TX group and the delayed FZ group was lower than that in the model group （<italic>P</italic><0.05）. Conclusion:FZTX or modified prescription can promote the inflammatory response to eliminate pathogenic bacteria in the early stage and suppress the inflammatory response in the late stage to avoid the inflammatory cascade effect and lung tissue damage，indicating that Fuzheng drugs have an important role in maintaining the immune homeostasis of the body after infection.

Investigation of morphological changes of HPS membrane caused by cecropin B through scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy

Background@#Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been identified as promising compounds for consideration as novel antimicrobial agents. @*Objectives@#This study analyzed the efficacy of cecropin B against Haemophilus parasuis isolates through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) experiments. @*Results@#Cecropin B exhibited broad inhibition activity against 15 standard Haemophilus parasuis (HPS) strains and 5 of the clinical isolates had minimum inhibition concentrations (MICs) ranging from 2 to 16 μg/mL. Microelectrophoresis and hexadecane adsorption assays indicated that the more hydrophobic and the higher the isoelectric point (IEP) of the strain, the more sensitive it was to cecropin B. Through SEM, multiple blisters of various shapes and dents on the cell surface were observed. Protrusions and leakage were detected by AFM. @*Conclusions@#Based on the results, cecropin B could inhibit HPS via a pore-forming mechanism by interacting with the cytoplasmic membrane of bacteria. Moreover, as cecropin B concentration increased, the bacteria membrane was more seriously damaged. Thus, cecropin B could be developed as an effective anti-HPS agent for use in clinical applications.

Segmental absorption of helicid in rat everted intestinal sac model: A preliminary study / 中国临床药理学与治疗学

AIM: To investigate the absorption of helicid in different segments of intestine based on rat everted intestine sac model. METHODS: To establish a high-performance liquid chromatography method for simultaneous determination of helicid and its metabolite. Krebs-ringer solution containing helicid was added to everted intestine sacs of different segments (duodenum, Jejunum, ileum and colon). Drug concentration in sacs was determined at different time points (5, 10, 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90 min). Adsorptions of helicid in four intestinal segments were compared. RESULTS: This high-performance liquid chromatography was successfully applied to the simultaneous determination of helicid and its metabolite. Absorption of helicid was rapid and time-dependent. The absorption and metabolism of helicid in duodenum segment were higher than these in other segments. CONCLUSION: The duodenum segment is the main site of segmental absorption and metabolism of helicid. This is the first report on intestinal segment metabolism of helicid.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of acupuncture and moxibustion: existing problems and countermeasures / 中国针灸

There are some common problems in the systematic review and meta-analysis on acupuncture-moxibustion, e.g. indistinct definition and errors in methodology. In order to further improve the quality of relevant literature, in association with the characteristics of acupuncture-moxibustion, based on the framework of PICOS (P: population, I: interventions, C: comparisons, O: outcomes, S: study designs), the paper explores how to construct specific research questions. In methodology, the paper analyzes the common problems from five aspects, including literature retrieval, bias assessment, analysis and interpretation of results, selection of other types of meta-analysis and the update of methodology. Based on the analysis above, the paper discusses the corresponding countermeasures.

Value of copy number variation analysis and chromosomal karyotyping for the diagnosis of children with intellectual disability/developmental delay / 中华医学遗传学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To assess the value of copy number variations (CNVs) and chromosomal karyotyping analysis for patients with intellectual disability/developmental delay (ID/DD).@*METHODS@#Chromosomal karyotype analysis was applied to 530 children diagnosed with ID/DD. Single nucleotide polymorphism array (SNP-array) was further applied for 120 children with unknown etiology.@*RESULTS@#Among the 530 children with ID/DD, 104 (19.62%) were detected with chromosomal abnormalities. For the 120 children analyzed by SNP-array, 44 (36.67%) were detected with CNVs, among which 20 were predicted as pathogenic, 6 as likely pathogenic, 10 as variants of unknown significance, 7 as likely benign,and 1 as loss of heterozygosity.@*CONCLUSION@#SNP-array can facilitate delineation of the etiology of patients with ID/DD, which may provide a basis for their prognosis, consultation and clinical intervention.

Investigation of morphological changes of HPS membrane caused by cecropin B through scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy

Background@#Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been identified as promising compounds for consideration as novel antimicrobial agents. @*Objectives@#This study analyzed the efficacy of cecropin B against Haemophilus parasuis isolates through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) experiments. @*Results@#Cecropin B exhibited broad inhibition activity against 15 standard Haemophilus parasuis (HPS) strains and 5 of the clinical isolates had minimum inhibition concentrations (MICs) ranging from 2 to 16 μg/mL. Microelectrophoresis and hexadecane adsorption assays indicated that the more hydrophobic and the higher the isoelectric point (IEP) of the strain, the more sensitive it was to cecropin B. Through SEM, multiple blisters of various shapes and dents on the cell surface were observed. Protrusions and leakage were detected by AFM. @*Conclusions@#Based on the results, cecropin B could inhibit HPS via a pore-forming mechanism by interacting with the cytoplasmic membrane of bacteria. Moreover, as cecropin B concentration increased, the bacteria membrane was more seriously damaged. Thus, cecropin B could be developed as an effective anti-HPS agent for use in clinical applications.

Clinical Practice Guideline for Allergic Rhinitis Treatment with Acupuncture / 中国结合医学杂志

With reference to international guidelines for the development of tools-Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system approach and reasoning, this practice guideline has been drafted reflecting the characteristics of acupuncture to improve effectiveness and safety of acupuncture treatment for allergic rhinitis. This guideline includes outlining the acupuncture diagnosis and treatment principles for allergic rhinitis, suggesting recommendations and related evidence for the acupuncture treatment of allergic rhinitis, and defining operating methods and precautions for the acupuncture treatment of allergic rhinitis.

Clinical effect of "head-nine-needle" therapy on tension headache / 针刺研究

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of the "head-nine-needle" therapy on tension headache. METHODS: A total of 150 patients with tension headache were divided into a head-nine-needle therapy group, a western medicine control group and an acupuncture control group according to the random number table, 50 cases in each one. In the head-nine-needle therapy group, the head-nine-needle therapy was adopted. In the western medicine control group, epiperisone hydrochloride tablets were prescribed for oral administration, 50 mg, three times a day as well as fluoguili hydrochloride capsules, 5 mg, once a day, taking orally before sleep. In the acupuncture control group, the routine acupuncture technique was used at Baihui (GV20), Taiyang (EX-HN5), Fengchi (GB20) and Ashi (extra), etc. The clinical effect was observed in each group. The scores of visual analogy scale (VAS) for headache severity and the scores of headache duration were assessed before and after treatment in the patients of each group. RESULTS: In comparison of the total effective rate among the groups, there was no significant difference between the head-nine-needle therapy group (48/50，96.0%) and the acupuncture control group (47/50，94.0%). The total effective rate of either of the two groups was higher than that of the western medicine control group (40/50，80.0%，P0.05). After 3 weeks and 4 weeks of treatment, the scores in the two acupuncture groups were all better than those in the western medicine control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The "head-nine-needle" therapy achieves the obviously advantages in the alleviation of headache degree as compared with the simple western medicine and its effect is similar to the common acupuncture therapy in the patients with tension headache.

Effects of Decitabine Combined with Bortezomib on the Proliferation of Mantle Cell Lymphoma Cell Lines and Its Underling Mechanisms / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effects of decitabine combined with bortezomib on the proliferation of mantle cell lymphoma cell lines (Jeko-1 and Grante519) in vitro and explore the underlying mechanisms.@*METHODS@#Jeko-1 and Grante519 cells were treated with different concentrations of decitabine and/or bortezomib alone and their combination.The cell proliferation was determined by CCK-8 assay. the cell apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry, the mRNA and protein expression levels of genes related with the cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by RT-PCR and Western blot respactively.@*RESULTS@#Low dose DAC could significantly inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of Jeko-1 and Grante519 cells which shows a dose-and time-dependent manner. After DAC treatment, caspase 3, BAX and PCDH8 expression levels increased, while BCL-2 and CCND1 expression levels decreased in Jeko-1 and Grante519 cells, but there was no significant difference in NF-κB expression. High dose BTZ could significantly inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of Jeko-1 and Grante519 cells which shows a dose-and time-dependent manner; single drug BTZ could increase the expression level of Caspase 3 and BAX, and decrease the expression level of NF-κB, BCL-2 and CCDN1 in Jeko-1 and Grante519 cells, but there was significant difference in PCDH8 expression level. Compared with single-drug treatment group, DAC combined with BTZ significantly increased the inhibitory rate and apoptotic rate of Jeko-1 and Grante519 cells; PCDH8, Caspase 3 and BAX expression levels significantly increased, and the expression levels of NF-κB, BCL-2 and CCND1 significantly decreased in Jeko-1 and Grante519 cells.@*CONCLUSION@#The combination of DAC and BTZ has obviously synergistic effects on the growth inhibition of Jeko-1 and Grante519 cells which maybe relates with enhancing inbibitory effect on NF-κB signal pathway, down-regulating BAX expression, up-regulating BAX expression as well as increasing cospase 3 expression. This study provides a novel therapeutic approach for mantle cell lymphoma.

Research progress of septic cardiomyopathy / 中国中西医结合急救杂志

Septic cardiomyopathy is one of the most common complications of sepsis in clinics. Up to now, the pathogenesis of septic cardiomyopathy has not been fully elucidated, and the clinical mortality has been at a relatively high level in patients with organ injury caused by sepsis, so that improving the cardiac dysfunction and myocardial injury of septic patients is of great significance in improving their prognoses. In this article, the related literatures regarding the research and therapeutic progress of septic cardiomyopathy in traditional Chinese and western medicine in recent years were read and summarized.

Effect of electroacupuncture at "Jiaji" (EX-B 2) points combined with nerve mobilization on motor function and mRNA and protein expression of RhoA in rabbits with sciatic nerve injury / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) at "Jiaji" (EX-B 2) points combined with nerve mobilization on protein and mRNA expression of RhoA in rabbits with sciatic nerve injury, and to provide theoretical basis for the treatment of peripheral nerve injury by EA at "Jiaji" (EX-B 2) points combined with nerve mobilization.@*METHODS@#A total of 180 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into a normal control group, a model control group, a nerve mobilization group, an EA group, an EA plus nerve mobilization group, 36 rabbits in each group. Each group was further divided into a 1-week subgroup, 2-week subgroup and 4-week subgroup, 12 rabbits in each subgroup. The sciatic nerve injury model was made by clamping method. The rabbits in the normal control group did not receive any intervention. The rabbits in the model control group was normally fed after operation. The rabbits in the nerve mobilization group were treated with nerve mobilization; the manipulation lasted for 1 s and relaxed for 5 s, 10 times per day, 6 days per week. The rabbits in the EA group were treated with EA at "Jiaji" (EX-B 2) points (L-L), once a day, 30 min each time, 6 times per week. The rabbits in the EA plus nerve mobilization group were treated with EA at "Jiaji" (EX-B 2) points, followed by nerve mobilization. The function of sciatic nerve on the injured side was evaluated by toe tension reflex and modified Tarlov score; the tissues of corresponding segments of spinal cord L-L and sciatic nerve were taken; the expression of RhoA gene was detected by real-time PCR and the expression of RhoA protein was detected by Western Blot.@*RESULTS@#① Toe tension reflex and modified Tarlov score: at 1, 2 and 4 weeks, the scores in the model control group were lower than those in the normal control group (all 0.05); at 2 weeks, the expression in the nerve mobilization group was higher than that in the EA group (all <0.01); at 4 weeks, the expression in the nerve mobilization group was lower than that in the EA group (all <0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#The nerve mobilization and EA at "Jiaji" (EX-B 2) points could both promote the repair of injured sciatic nerve, which may be related to the down-regulation of RhoA expression, and the combination of the two methods has better effects.

Research progress on Wnt3 gene polymorphism and susceptibility to non-syndromic cleft lip and palate / 医学研究生学报

Non-syndromic cleft lip with/without cleft palate (NSCL/P) is a common congenital disease worldwide, and its etiology is related to the combination of genetic and environmental factors. Although genome-wide association analysis did not involve Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in Wnt genes, it has been reported that SNPs in Wnt genes are related to NSCL/P, and the study of SNPs of Wnt genes and its corresponding phenotypic effect is helpful to explain the etiological mechanism of NSCL/P. In recent years, Wnt3 gene related to NSCL/P, rs142167, rs3809857, rs9890413 and other teratopoietic single nucleotide loci are the main teratopoietic single nucleotide loci studied most, and the research conclusions on the correlation between Wnt3 gene polymorphism and NSCL/P are obviously different in different populations. This paper reviews the research progress on the correlation between Wnt3 gene polymorphism and NSCL/P.

Colour Doppler and biomarkers utility for renal damage due to congenital hydronephrosis

Objective: To determine colour doppler and serum biomarkers spectrum in children with congenital hydronephrosis

Study Design: An observational study

Place and Duration Of Study: Department of Pediatric Nephrology, West China 2nd University Hospital of Sichuan University and Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Disease of Women and Children [Sichuan University], China, from January to December 2017

Methodology: A total of 95 children with hydronephrosis were selected as case group. According to the degree of hydronephrosis, the patients were divided into mild hydronephrosis group, moderate hydronephrosis group, and severe hydronephrosis group. Forty children with normal renal function were selected as normal comparison group. Peak systolic velocity [Vmax], end diastolic velocity [Vmin], resistance index [RI], pulsatility index [PI], and serum cystatin C [CysC], beta2-microglobulin [beta2-MG], and ?1-microglobulin [beta1-MG] of all subjects in both groups were recorded and compared

Results: The Vmax, Vmax of main renal artery [MRA] and interlobar renal artery [IRA] in case group were lower than those of normal group [all p<0.001]. RI of MRA and IRA in case group were higher than those of normal control group [both p<0.001]. There were no significant differences in the PI of MRA and IRA between the two groups [p=0.700, and 0.250 respectively]. The levels of serum CysC, beta2-MG and alpha1-MG in normal control group, mild hydronephrosis group, moderate hydronephrosis group, and severe hydronephrosis group were significantly different [all p<0.001], and the levels of serum CysC, beta2-MG, alpha1-MG were also different in children with different degrees of hydronephrosis

Conclusion: Combined detection of colour doppler and serum biomarkers CysC, beta2-MG and alpha1-MG in the diagnosis of renal damage in congenital hydronephrosis is feasible and reliable

Progress of Visual Biosensor Based on Gold Nanoparticles / 分析化学

VisualiZation detection methods are used for determination of the concentration of unknown target by comparing the color change in the intensity or type of reaction solution by naked eye.VisualiZation detection method has some advantages such as simple and rapid operation, low detection cost, fast reaction speed, and detecting target concentration by means of naked eye.Gold nanomaterials are widely used in the construction of visual biosensors due to its unique optical properties.For example, when changing the distance or morphology of the particles, the plasmon resonance absorption peak of local surface will change accordingly.Herein, we reviewed the application of gold nanomaterials in visualiZation biosensors for the detection of target molecules, summed up the main problems of AuNP colormertic methods in the determination of actual samples, and provided an outlook of the future of gold nanoparticles-based biosensor in application development.

Antepartum and postpartum echocardiographic diagnosis of isolated ventricular septal defect / 中国医学影像技术

Objective To investigate the differences between prenatal and postnatal ultrasound findings in isolated ventricular septal defects.Methods Totally 244 cases of isolated ventricular septal defect were retrospectively analyzed and followed in one year after birth.All fetus were divided into the correct group and the error group according to the postnatal results.The size and type of ventricular septal defect and ventricular shunt were assessed and analyzed statistically.Results In all of the 244 cases,correct group included 181 cases and error group included 63 cases.There was no significant difference in the type of defects between two groups (P=0.061);there were significant differences in the size of postpartum defect and the velocity of ventricular shunt between the two groups (both P＜0.05),and no significant difference of the direction of shunt between two groups (P=0.408);there were significant differences in the size of defects between the prenatal and postnatal in correct groups (P＜0.05),but the direction of shunt had no significant difference (P=0.087).Conclusion There is certain detection rate in prenatal diagnosis of isolated ventricular septal defect;anatomical characteristics of defect may affect antenatal examination results.There was significant difference between prenatal and postnatal ultrasound in the same lesion.