Isolation and identification of bovine tuberculosis in a Brazilian herd (São Paulo)

Mycobacterium was verified in animals from a Brazilian dairy herd, a total of 42 samples from 30 cows were submitted to culture and the isolated strains were analyzed by two polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the first specific for species belonging to the Mycobacterium complex (MTBC) and the other for differentiating M. tuberculosis from M. bovis. Twenty seven samples (64.3 percent) from 18 animals (60 percent) were positive for mycobacteria by culture, including samples from 15 retrofaryngeal lymphnodes (55.5 percent), 9 prescapular lymphnodes (33.3 percent), 2 lungs (7.4 percent), and 1 liver (3.7 percent). All isolated colonies were confirmed by PCR to contain MTBC organisms, and were identified as M. bovis by the same methodology.

DNA extraction from bristles and quills of Chaetomys subspinosus (Rodentia: Erethizontidae) using a novel protocol

DNA extraction protocols are as varied as DNA sources. When it comes to endangered species, it is especially important to pay attention to all details that ensure the completion of the study goals and effectiveness in attaining useful data for conservation. Chaetomys subspinosus (Rodentia: Erethizontidae) is a secretive arboreal porcupine endemic to certain ecosystems of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. A multidisciplinary study (including genetic data) was performed to create a management plan for the conservation of this species. Individuals from natural populations of the states of Bahia, Espírito Santo and Sergipe were sampled. To obtain a reliable and abundant amount of starting material, non-destructive methods were tested, extracting DNA from the bristles and quills that comprise most of this animal’s hide. This method has also been innovative in adapting a DNA extraction protocol traditionally used for plants. Digestion using proteinase K was followed by protein precipitation with CTAB, a chloroform-isoamyl alcohol cleaning and DNA precipitation with isopropyl alcohol. This protocol supplies good-quality DNA for genetic analysis with molecular markers based on PCR.

Comparaçäo entre as oscilaçöes do corpo em duas posturas de atiradoras na modalidade desportiva fogo central do tiro olímpico / Comparaçäo between oscilation of the body in two posture of shooting in central fire sports modality of olympic shot

Quatro variáveis para quantificações de sinais estabilométricos foram analisadas em sete atiradoras de nível médio, na postura normal (PN) e na postura adotada na modalidade desportiva (PT). Observou-se que as oscilações se apresentaram maiores na PT do que na PN (p < 0.01). Quando o sinal estabilométrico na PT foi transformado segundo equações matemáticas que consideraram o grau de rotação do corpo em relação ao alvo, duas variáveis se alteraram, mostrando que a oscilação real nesta postura foi menor do que a medida.

Abstract - Four variabels for estabilometrics signals quantification were analyzed from seven median levei shoters in normal posture (PN) and in the posture used by the sport modality (PT). lt was observed greater oscilations in PT then in PN (p < O.O 1 ). When transforming the PT stablometric signal by a mathematical relationship that considered the degree of the body rotation related to the target, two variabels changed, showing that the real oscilation in that posture was lower than the mesured one