Exogenous phosphatidic acid reduces acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice by activating hepatic interleukin-6 signaling through inter-organ crosstalk

We previously demonstrated that endogenous phosphatidic acid (PA) promotes liver regeneration after acetaminophen (APAP) hepatotoxicity. Here, we hypothesized that exogenous PA is also beneficial. To test that, we treated mice with a toxic APAP dose at 0 h, followed by PA or vehicle (Veh) post-treatment. We then collected blood and liver at 6, 24, and 52 h. Post-treatment with PA 2 h after APAP protected against liver injury at 6 h, and the combination of PA and

Management Of Rhinosporidiosis In Our Experience

Background: Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by aquatic parasite Rhinosporidium seeberi belonging to group of fish parasite Mesomycetozoa. It commonly affects nose and nasopharynx. It is one of the endemic disease is in India. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study of distribution pattern and management of 12 cases of rhinosporidiosis in our institute(GIMSR)from the region of Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram and Srikakulam districts of Andhra Pradesh, India. This is also to study the pattern of involvement according to age, sex, site, laterality, and their management. It emphasizes the importance of excision under local anaesthesia once the stalk of the lesion is identified. Results: Our study of 12 patients were shown slightly male preponderance, around the age of 11–20 years, with a clear cut history of having a bath in contaminated pools and rivers . Nasal obstruction & epistaxis are the predominant symptoms. The majority of cases had been excised endoscopically under local anaesthesia with less bleeding and minimal recurrence rate. It also reveals the importance of general anesthesia when the lesions involving posterior aspect of nasal cavity, nasopharynx to prevent aspiration in to lungs and in children who don’t cooperate for local anaesthesia. Conclusion: Endoscopic identification of stalk is mandatory before excising the lesion under local anaesthesia. The bleeding is less when excision done with diathermy cautery.

Evaluating the Environmental Health Effect of Bamboo-Derived Volatile Organic Compounds through Analysis the Metabolic Indices of the Disorder Animal Model / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify the bamboo VOCs (volatile organic compounds) effect on animal physiological indices, which associated with human health.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>GC/MS was used to analyze the volatile organic compounds from Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys heterocyla cv. pubescens). The effect of VOCs on environmental health was evaluated by analyzing the metabolic indices of the type 2 diabetic mouse model.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Spectra of VOC generated by GC/MS were blasted against an in-house MS library confirming the identification of 33 major components that were manually validated. The relative constituent compounds as a percentage of total VOCs determined were alcohols (34.63%), followed by ether (22.02%), aldehyde (15.84%), ketone (11.47%), ester (4.98%), terpenoid (4.38%), and acids (3.83%). Further experimentation established that the metabolic incidence of the disease can be improved if treated with vanillin, leaf alcohol, β-ionone and methyl salicylate. The effects of these VOCs on type 2 diabetes were evident in the blood lipid and blood glucose levels.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Our model suggests that VOCs can potentially control the metabolic indices in type 2 diabetes mice. This experiment data also provides the scientific basis for the comprehensive utilization of ornamental bamboos and some reference for other similar study of environmental plants.</p>

Does cesarean section have an impact on the successful initiation of breastfeeding in Saudi Arabia?

To investigate whether the type of birth influenced breastfeeding outcomes. This study used a quantitative descriptive correlation design study in a sample of 60 primigravida mothers. Participants were recruited over a 2-month period from June to July 2011 in the postnatal ward at King Abdul Aziz University Hospital [KAUH] in Jeddah city, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia [KSA]. The results of the study indicated that women who gave birth vaginally were more likely to breastfeed within the first hour, and at 24 hours after birth than those who had a cesarean section. The mothers who had cesarean section stated that pain interfered with their ability to hold, breastfeed, and care for their baby. Healthy term babies at KAUH are routinely separated from their mothers, and given infant formula supplementation. The findings in this study reinforce the importance of appropriate pain management, keeping well babies with their mothers to remain together, 24 hours a day, and avoidance of non-medically indicated formula supplementation

case-control study of bidi smoking and bronchogenic carcinoma

To evaluate the risks imposed by tobacco smoking, in particular, bidi smoking, in the development of lung cancer. Two hundred eighty-four histologically confirmed patients of bronchogenic carcinoma and 852 controls matched for age, sex, and socioeconomic status were interviewed according to a predesigned questionnaire. Effects of individual variables defining the various aspects of tobacco smoking, in particular, bidi smoking, were assessed using logistic regression models. 81.3% cases of bronchogenic carcinoma were ever smokers as compared with 42.2% among controls. The odd ratios for ever smoking, bidi smoking, and cigarette smoking were 5.9 [confidence interval [CI] 4.3, 8.4], 6.1 [CI 4.3, 8.7], and 5.3 [CI 2.7, 10.4], respectively. Bidi smoking poses a very high risk for lung cancer even more than that of cigarette smoking