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1.
Rev. neuro-psiquiatr. (Impr.) ; 83(3): 203-207, jul-sep 2020. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1150079

RESUMO

Resumen El sarcoma fibromixoide de bajo grado (LGFMS) es un tumor de tejidos blandos de origen mesenquimal. Los sarcomas son un grupo heterogéneo, que representa el 1% de todas las neoplasias. Los sarcomas primarios del sistema nervioso central (SNC) son raros y representan solo el 0,7% del total de sarcomas, con una incidencia estimada de 3 por cada 10 millones de personas por año. En este artículo, se describe el caso de una mujer de 59 años que presentó un sarcoma fibromixoide intracraneal de bajo grado, localizado en la región parietal derecha. Se discute el curso clínico, estudios de imágenes, características histopatológicas y tratamiento de este diagnóstico infrecuente y, por lo mismo, muy poco reportado. El diagnóstico definitivo se obtiene, ciertamente, mediante estudios histo-patológicos.


Summary Low-grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (LGFMS) is a soft tissue tumor of mesenchymal origin. Sarcomas are a heterogeneous group, representing 1% of all neoplasm diagnoses. Primary sarcomas of the central nervous system (CNS) are rare, and represent only 0.7% of all sarcomas, with an estimated incidence of 3 per 10 million people per year. The case of a 59-year-old woman who developed a low-grade intracranial fibromyxoid sarcoma in the right parietal region, is described. The clinical course, imaging studies, histopathological features, and treatment approach of this unusual diagnosis, are discussed. Low-grade intracranial fibromyxoid sarcoma is a rare and probably under- reported condition. The definitive diagnosis is usually made through histo-pathological studies.

2.
Rev. chil. enferm. respir ; 34(3): 171-188, set. 2018. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-978040

RESUMO

La espirometría es una prueba fundamental en la evaluación funcional respiratoria. Actualmente es muy utilizada debido a su bajo costo y aceptable reproducibilidad incluso en niños entre 2 y 6 años de vida. Considerando la importancia de aplicar procedimientos estandarizados para realizar espirometrías, el año 2006 un comité de especialistas en función pulmonar de la Sociedad Chilena de Enfermedades Respiratorias, elaboró un manual de procedimientos para realizar espirometrías. El año 2014 se publicaron ecuaciones de referencia para adultos chilenos y recientemente se han publicado recomendaciones para estandarizar el informe de los resultados de las pruebas de Función Pulmonar por las Sociedades Americana y Europea de Enfermedades Respiratorias ATS/ERS 2017. El objetivo de esta publicación ha sido actualizar el manual de procedimientos ya existente e incluir los nuevos conceptos de espirometrías en preescolares, valores de referencia, formato e interpretación de los informes.


Spirometry is a basic test for assessing pulmonary function. This test is largely used nowadays, because of its low cost and acceptable reproducibility. Its feasibility has been shown even in 2 to 6 year old children. Considering the importance of applying standardized techniques in spirometry, a committee of specialists on pulmonary function from Chilean Respiratory Society, published in 2006 a procedures manual on spirometry. By 2014 new spirometric reference equations for healthy Chilean adults were published and more recently in 2017, the American Thoracic Society and the European Respiratory Society have published recommendations for a standardized pulmonary function report. The aim of this manual is to report international norms performing spirometry, in order to promote their application in clinical and laboratory practice. In addition, this reviewed manual encloses newest concepts on spirometry in preschool children, reference values, and a general assent way for interpreting and reporting spirometric values at clinical and at laboratory work is proposed.


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Adulto , Espirometria/normas , Manuais como Assunto , Controle de Qualidade , Valores de Referência , Chile
3.
Rev. chil. urol ; 83(1): 49-53, 2018. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-905574

RESUMO

Es indudable que el cáncer de próstata es objeto de permanente investigación dada su alta prevalencia y morbimortalidad asociada. Sin embargo, el cáncer oligometastásico reconocido como una entidad aparte, es un tópico ha ido ganando interés durante los últimos años. Se ha propuesto que el cáncer oligometastásico podría ser considerado una etapa previa al cáncer metastásico avanzado, dada su evolución más indolente, permitiendo plantear nuevos cursos de tratamiento y nuevos enfrentamientos terapéuticos, que los utilizados en etapas más complejas. En este trabajo se realizó una revisión no-sistemática de la literatura actual respecto al rol de la cirugía en el cáncer oligometastásico, para esto se utilizaron las bases de datos Pubmed y MGH Treadwell Library, con limites dentro de los últimos 10 años además de publicaciones en las revistas Journal of Urology y European Urology. Se revisaron bases de datos chilenas reportadas en Datos Estadísticos e Información en Salud (DEIS). Históricamente, el tratamiento estándar para cáncer de próstata metastásico ha sido el tratamiento paliativo a largo plazo con terapia de deprivación de andrógenos (ADT). Sin embargo, basado en el comportamiento particular que presentaría el cáncer de próstata oligometastásico, se han realizado estudios en los que la cirugía cada vez juega un rol más protagónico. Los nuevos datos son altamente sugerentes que la cirugía podría representar una modalidad terapéutica útil en el manejo de cáncer de próstata oligometastásico. Sin embargo, aún es necesario definir protocolos respecto al manejo de esta entidad y se requieren mayores estudios para definir cuál sería la mejor forma de lograr resultados o si presentaría beneficio asociar el manejo quirúrgico a otras terapias complementarias. AU


There is no doubt that prostate cancer is subject of permanent research because of its high prevalence and associated morbidity and mortality. However, oligometastatic cancer as a particular entity, is a topic that has been gaining interest over the past few years. It has been proposed that oligometastatic cancer could be considered a stage prior to advanced metastatic cancer, given its more indolent course, allowing to consider if there would be benefits in new therapeutic approaches than those used in more advanced stages. In this paper, we performed a non-systematic review of the current literature regarding the role of surgery in oligometastatic cancer, using Pubmed and MGH Treadwell Library databases with limits within the last 10 years. And also, publications in journals as "European Urology" and "Journal of Urology". Chilean databases reported in "Datos Estadísticos e Información en Salud" (DEIS) were reviewed. Historically, the standard treatment for metastatic prostate cancer has been long-term palliative treatment with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). However, based on the particular behavior of oligometastatic prostate cancer, studies have been performed in which surgical treatment is playing a more prominent role. The new data is highly suggestive that surgery could represent a useful therapeutic modality in the management of prostate cancer. However, it is still necessary to define protocols regarding the management of this entity and more studies are required to achieve this and define what would be the best way to accomplish results or whether it would be beneficial to associate surgical management with other complementary therapies.AU


Assuntos
Masculino , Neoplasias da Próstata , Prostatectomia , Cirurgia Geral
4.
Buenos Aires; s.n; 2018. 61 p.
Não convencional em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1024956

RESUMO

Ateneo basado en tres ejes principales: Concepción de sexualidad; Sexualidad a lo largo de la vida, especialmente en los primeros tiempos del sujeto, en la latencia y en la pubertad; y abordaje de la sexualidad en la escuela y en las familias. Este último eje toma en cuenta lineamientos legales, la aplicación de la ley de Educación Sexual Integral en la escuela, el trabajo del equipo de salud proveniente del Área programática del Hospital en los talleres, las representaciones sociales de docentes, padres y alumnos, la sexualidad y educación, y el rol importante de los medios masivos de comunicación.


Assuntos
Comportamento Sexual , Educação Sexual/métodos , Educação Sexual/tendências , Serviços de Saúde do Adolescente , Sexualidade , Relações Familiares , Legislação como Assunto , Internato não Médico
5.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. (En línea) ; 82(6): 675-680, Dec. 2017. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-899960

RESUMO

INTRODUCCIÓN: El dolor que se asocia al trabajo de parto (TDP) afecta a todas las mujeres y puede producir alteraciones tanto maternas como fetales, e incluso interferir con el desarrollo normal del proceso. OBJETIVO: Conocer el grado de cumplimiento de solicitud de analgesia peridural en partos vaginales en el servicio de preparto del Hospital Hernán Henríquez Aravena (HHHA) versus la analgesia administrada. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo, realizado en base a datos del sistema perinatal del servicio de Ginecología y Obstetricia del HHHA, periodo 2014-2016. RESULTADOS: Del total de partos Vaginales entre los años 2014-2016 solo se solicitó Analgesia Peridural en 56.5% de ellos. De las analgesias solicitadas en éste período se administraron un 98%. CONCLUSIÓN: Basado en los registros clínicos, el grado de cumplimiento es cercano al 100% en las analgesias solicitadas. Se observó un incremento anual entre 2014 y 2016 de solicitud de anestesia en procedimientos de parto, y a pesar de esto la eficiencia del hospital no se ha visto afectada. No obstante, se espera que el porcentaje de solicitudes siga en aumento manteniendo el alto nivel de eficiencia. Es pertinente plantear la realización de estudios para extrapolar este resultado a nivel regional y nacional.


INTRODUCTION: Pain associated with labor affects all women and can cause both maternal and fetal alterations and even interfere with the normal development of the process. Objective: to know the degree of compliance with the request for epidural analgesia in vaginal deliveries versus the analgesia administered at the Hernán Henríquez Aravena Hospital (HHHA). Method: Retrospective descriptive study, based on data from the perinatal system of the HHHA Gynecology and Obstetrics Service, period 2014-2016. Results: Of the total number of Vaginal births between 2014-2016 only 56.5% of them were requested for epidural analgesia. Of the analgesia requested in this period, 98% were administered. Conclusion: Based on the clinical records, the degree of compliance is close to 100% in the requested analgesia. There was an annual increase between 2014 and 2016 in the application of anesthesia in childbirth procedures, and despite this, hospital efficiency has not been affected. However, the percentage of applications is expected to continue to increase while maintaining the high level of efficiency. It is pertinent to propose studies to extrapolate this result at regional and national levels.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Participação do Paciente , Analgesia Obstétrica/métodos , Parto Obstétrico/métodos , Anestesia Epidural/estatística & dados numéricos , Unidade Hospitalar de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Retrospectivos
6.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 46(12): 1007-1013, dez. 2013. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-695979

RESUMO

In the last decade, dialogue between science and society has found a forum in an increasing number of publications on topics such as public engagement with science and public trust in science. Concerning the latter, issues that include cases of research misconduct, accountability in research, and conflicts of interest (COIs) have shaped global discussions on the communication of science. In the publication setting, the perception that hiding COIs and/or not managing them well may affect public trust in the research record has grown among editors. We conducted a search for editorials addressing COIs between 1989 and 2011, using four major databases: Medline/PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Knowledge. We explored the content of these editorials and the relationship they established between COIs and the public trust in science. Our results demonstrate that the relationship between disclosure of COIs and public trust in science has become a major concern among editors. We, thus, argue that COIs should be discussed more openly and frequently in graduate courses in the sciences, around the globe, not only in biomedical but also in non-biomedical areas. This is a critical issue in contemporary science, as graduate students are the future voices and decision-makers of the research community. Therefore, COIs, especially in the broader context of science and society, merit closer attention from policymakers, researchers, and educators. At times of great expectations for public engagement with science, mishandling of COIs may have undesirable consequences for public engagement with science and confidence in the scientific endeavor.

7.
Rev. estomatol. Hered ; 23(4): 230-235, oct.-dic. 2013.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-706048

RESUMO

Los bisfosfonatos son fármacos de gran utilidad en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de ciertas enfermedades metabólicas óseas. Son utilizados en el tratamiento de mielomas múltiples, metástasis óseas y la hipercalcemia maligna, así como en la prevención y tratamiento de enfermedades del sistema óseo esquelético como la enfermedad de Paget y especialmente la osteoporosis. El objetivo de la presente revisión de literatura es presentar las consideraciones para el tratamiento de los pacientes medicados con bifosfonatos que van a ser sometidos a alguna intervención de cirugía oral a fin de ofrecerles las mejores alternativas terapéuticas que garanticen el correcto manejo de los tejidos bucales y mejoren su calidad de vida.


Bisphosphonates are drugs useful in the diagnosis and treatment of metabolic bone diseases. They are used in the treatment of multiple myeloma, bone metastases, malignant hypercalcemia and in the prevention and treatment of diseases of the skeletal system as Paget’s disease and especially osteoporosis. The aim of this review is to present the considerations for the treatment of patients taking bisphosphonates that will be undergoing any type of oral surgery in order to provide the best treatment options to ensure the correct handling of the oral tissues and improve their quality of life.


Assuntos
Alendronato , Cirurgia Bucal , Difosfonatos/uso terapêutico , Osteonecrose da Arcada Osseodentária Associada a Difosfonatos , Osteoporose
8.
Rev. estomatol. Hered ; 23(3): 148-153, jul.-sept. 2013.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-706383

RESUMO

Entre los biomateriales más usados en Periodoncia e Implantología Oral las suturas constituyen parte fundamental del éxito de los tratamientos quirúrgicos. En la extensa revisión de la literatura disponible no hay una idea clara del material ideal de sutura para la cirugía periodontal e implantológica. A pesar de varias evaluaciones comparativas que se han publicado existen controversias de las propiedades, la biodegradabilidad y el rendimiento de los materiales de sutura. El presente artículo propone revisar las propiedades de los materiales de suturas absorbibles y no absorbibles más utilizados en Periodoncia e lmplantología Oral.


Among the most widely used biomaterials in Periodontology and Oral Implantology sutures are part of the success of surgical treatments. In the extensive review of the available literature there is no clear idea ideal suture material for periodontal and implant surgery. Despite several benchmarks have been published there are controversies about the properties, biodegradability and performance of suture materials. This article proposes to revise the material properties of absorbable sutures and non-absorbable used in Periodontology and Oral Implantology.


Assuntos
Implantação Dentária , Materiais Biocompatíveis , Periodontia , Seda/uso terapêutico , Suturas
9.
Rev. estomatol. Hered ; 23(3): 162-166, jul.-sept. 2013. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-706385

RESUMO

La elevación de seno maxilar usando la técnica de osteotomos es un procedimiento menos invasivo, que reduce el tiempo operatorio, y minimiza las molestias postoperatorias del paciente. El presente reporte de caso presenta y discute las indicaciones para realizar la técnica de osteótomos para la elevación de seno maxilar a-traumática, en un reborde residual disminuido acompañado de la colocación de implante inmediato (Técnica de Summer). Se observa radiográficamente la ganancia de altura ósea.


The maxillary sinus lift using the osteotome technique is a less invasive procedure, reducing operative time and minimizes postoperative discomfort of the patient. This case report presents and discusses the indications for osteotomes technique for maxillary sinus lift-traumatic decrease in residual ridge accompanied by immediate implant placement (Technique of Summer). Showed radiological bone height gain.


Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Feminino , Osteotomia Maxilar , Seio Maxilar/cirurgia
11.
Rev. chil. cir ; 64(1): 15-18, feb. 2012. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-627072

RESUMO

Background: An experimental model for ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery (ADA) in rats has been commonly used in research into ischemic cardiopathy. However, this procedure is very difficult, with a high mortality rate. There is little information in the literature regarding its technical aspects. Our objective was to describe a surgical technique for ADA ligation in rats. Material and Method: Fifty-one Sprague-Dawley male rats weighting 230 +/- 20 gr were anaesthetized and connected to mechanical ventilation. Through a left-side thoracothomy we ligated the ADA 2 mm below the junction of the pulmonary artery and the left atrial appendage. The next day we performed transthoracic echocardiography to confirm our results. Results: The mortality rate was 7.8 percent (4 out of 51). The main cause of death was hemorrhage during surgery. The average time for the procedure was 45 +/- 5 min. We confirmed hypokinesia of the anterior lateral wall in 100 percent of the surviving rats. Discussion: This procedure was reproducible and safe, with less than 10 percent mortality.


Introducción: El modelo experimental de ligadura de la arteria coronaria descendente anterior izquierda (ADA) en ratas, ha sido de gran ayuda para el estudio de la cardiopatía isquémica. Sin embargo, es un procedimiento difícil de realizar y con alta mortalidad operatoria. Existe poca información de sus aspectos técnicos. El objetivo de nuestro trabajo fue describir en detalle la técnica quirúrgica de la ligadura de la ADA en ratas. Material y Método: Se utilizaron 51 ratas machos Sprague-Dawley 230 +/- 20 gr de peso anestesiadas y conectadas a ventilación mecánica. A través de una toracotomía izquierda se ligó la ADA, 2 mm debajo de la intersección entre la arteria pulmonar y la orejuela izquierda. Al día siguiente se realizó una ecocardiografía transtorácica para confirmar la presencia de hipocinesia. Resultados: La mortalidad operatoria fue de 7,8 por ciento (4 de 51). La principal causa de muerte fue la hemorragia en el intraoperatorio durante la curva de aprendizaje. El tiempo operatorio promedio fue de 45 +/- 5 min. Se confirmó la presencia de una hipocinesia de la pared anterolateral en el 100 por ciento de las ratas supervivientes. Discusión. Esta técnica es un procedimiento reproducible y seguro, con una mortalidad menor al 10 por ciento.


Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Ratos , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos/métodos , Vasos Coronários/cirurgia , Ligadura , Ratos Sprague-Dawley , Toracotomia
12.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-582937

RESUMO

Los probióticos se definen como microorganismos que, administrados en cantidades adecuadas, brindan un beneficio en la salud del huésped. El efecto del tratamiento con probióticos viene siendo estudiado extensamente en una diversidad de indicaciones sistémicas y desórdenes médicos. Recientemente existe un gran interés en el control probiótico contra las infecciones orales más comunes como la caries dental y la periodontitis, sin embargo, la información disponible sobre los efectos de probióticos en la salud periodontal y sus condiciones clínicas es aún limitada. La presente revisión describe el conocimiento actual en bacterioterapia con probióticos desde una perspectiva en la salud oral y periodontal.


Probiotics are defined as live microorganisms that administered in adequate amounts, bring beneficial effect on the health of the host. The effect of probiotic therapy has been studied extensively for a variety of systemic indications and medical disorders. Recently, there has been increasing interest in probiotic for the control of the most common oral infectious diseases such as dental caries and periodontitis. However, only limited information is available regarding the effect of probiotics on periodontal health and clinical conditions. This review describes current knowledge on probiotic bacterio therapy from the oral health and periodontal perspective.


Assuntos
Humanos , Cárie Dentária/prevenção & controle , Periodonto , Periodontite/prevenção & controle , Probióticos/administração & dosagem , Saúde Bucal
13.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 138(9): 1124-1130, sept. 2010. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-572018

RESUMO

Background: The six minute walking distance test (6MWD) is widely used to evaluate exercise capacity in several diseases due to its simplicity and low cost. Aim: To establish reference values for 6MWD in healthy Chilean individuals. Material and methods: We studied 175 healthy volunteers aged 20-80 years (98 women) with normal spirometry and without history of respiratory, cardiovascular or other diseases that could impair walking capacity. The test was performed twice with an interval of 30 min. Heart rate, arterial oxygen saturation (with a pulse oxymeter) and dyspnea were measured before and after the test. Results: Walking distance was 576 ± 87 m in women and 644 ± 84 m in men (p < 0.0001). For each sex, a model including age, height and weight produced 6MWD prediction equations with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.63 for women and 0.55 for men. Conclusions: Our results provide reference equations for 6MWD that are valid for healthy subjects between 20 and 80 years old.


Assuntos
Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Teste de Esforço/métodos , Pulmão/fisiologia , Caminhada/fisiologia , Chile , Tolerância ao Exercício/fisiologia , Nível de Saúde , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/fisiopatologia , Distribuição por Sexo , Fatores Sexuais
14.
Rev. chil. enferm. respir ; 26(1): 49-51, mar. 2010. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-556759

RESUMO

A brief guideline for carrying out pulse oximetry in the clinical practice is presented. This guideline was written by the Pulmonary Function Commission of the Chilean Respiratory Disease Society. Basic aspects for applying this non-invasive measurement to adults and infants as well as carefulness in interpreting its results are briefy described.


Se presenta una guía práctica resumida para efectuar la oximetría de pulso en la práctica clínica. Esta guía fue redactada por la Comisión de Función Pulmonar de la Sociedad Chilena de Enfermedades Respiratorias. Se describen resumidamente los aspectos básicos para aplicar esta medición no invasiva a adultos y a niños y también se consideran las precauciones que se deben tener presente al interpretar los resultados de esta medición.


Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Criança , Oximetria/métodos , Oximetria/normas
15.
Rev. chil. enferm. respir ; 25(1): 15-24, 2009. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-520479

RESUMO

The six-minute walk test has been shown as a very useful tool in the functional assessment of patients with chronic respiratory diseases enclosing patients with pulmonary hypertension. Methodological standardization of this test is fundamental for interpreting its results, as well as for using it in the short and long-term clinical follow up of our patients. The purpose of these guidelines is justly to spread out in our country the proper way to perform this useful test. In this context, indications, contraindications, limitations, security measures and detailed instructions about how to carry out, how to report and how to interpret the 6 minute walk test are described in these guidelines.


La prueba de caminata de 6 minutos ha demostrado ser una herramienta muy útil en la evaluación funcional de los pacientes con enfermedades respiratorias crónicas, incluyendo pacientes con hipertensión pulmonar. Para su correcta interpretación y uso clínico en el seguimiento de pacientes, es fundamental estandarizar la técnica. El propósito de este instructivo es justamente difundir a nivel nacional, la manera de efectuar esta técnica en forma correcta. En este contexto, este instructivo describe las indicaciones, contraindicaciones, limitaciones, medidas de seguridad y entrega detalles sobre la ejecución, informe e interpretación de la prueba de caminata de 6 minutos.


Assuntos
Humanos , Pneumopatias Obstrutivas/fisiopatologia , Teste de Esforço/normas , Pneumopatias Obstrutivas/diagnóstico , Seleção de Pacientes , Guias de Prática Clínica como Assunto , Testes de Função Respiratória/normas , Caminhada
16.
Rev. chil. enferm. respir ; 23(1): 31-42, mar. 2007. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-627147

RESUMO

La espirometría es una prueba fundamental en la evaluación funcional respiratoria. Este test es utilizado frecuentemente en la práctica clínica y en estudios de poblaciones. Entre los diversos índices derivados de una espiración forzada, el VEF1 y la CVF son los más usados debido a su buena reproducibilidad, facilidad de su medición, y su grado de correlación con la etapa de la enfermedad, condición funcional, morbilidad y mortalidad. Considerando la importancia de aplicar procedimientos estandarizados para realizar espirometrías, un comité de especialistas en función pulmonar de la Sociedad Chilena de Enfermedades Respiratorias, elaboró este manual de procedimientos para realizar espirometrías. El objetivo de este manual es comunicar las normas internacionales para realizar espirometrías, a fin de promover su aplicación en la práctica clínica y de laboratorio. Además se propone una manera consensuada para informar e interpretar los valores espirométricos tanto en la práctica clínica como en el trabajo de laboratorio.


Spirometry is a essential test for assessing pulmonary function. This test is frequently used in clinical practice and population studies. Among the several indices derived from forced expiration, forced expiratory volume in the 1st second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC)) are the most commonly used because of good reproducibility, ease of measurement, and correlation with disease stage, functional condition, morbidity and mortality. Considering the importance to apply standardized techniques for measuring spirometric indices, a committee of specialists on pulmonary function from the Chilean Society of Respiratory Diseases, has elaborated this manual of procedures on spirometry. The aim of this manual is to report the international standards for carrying out spirometry, to promote their application in clinical and laboratory practice. Besides a general assent way for interpreting and reporting spirometric values at clinical and at laboratory work is proposed.


Assuntos
Espirometria/normas , Manuais como Assunto , Padrões de Referência , Valores de Referência , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes
17.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 134(5): 556-564, mayo 2006. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-429861

RESUMO

Background: The mechanism involved in dyspnea in patients with mitral valve stenosis (MS) is not completely understood. Aim: To evaluate in patients with MS, changes in hemodynamic parameters during the assessment of inspiratory muscle endurance (IME) and the relationship between IME, hemodynamics and dyspnea. Subjects and methods: We studied 13 patients (9 in NYHA class II and 4 in class III). Endurance was evaluated using a two minute incremental threshold loading test, to obtain the maximal sustainable inspiratory pressure (SIP), and maximal inspiratory load (MIL). During the test, cardiac output (CO), mean pulmonary and capillary pressures (PAP and PCP, respectively), were evaluated. Results: Compared to six normal subjects, MS patients had reduced SIP and MIL (p <0.01), which correlated with baseline index of dyspnea (r= 0.57 and r=0.52, respectively, p <0.05). At the end of the test period, basal CO, cardiac index (CI), PAP and PCP increased from 3.4 to 4.0 l/min-1; 2.1 to 2.5 l/min-1/m-2; 15 to 25 and 11 to 18 mmHg, respectively (p <0.01). No relationship between IME and hemodynamic parameters was found. Conclusions: IME is reduced and is closely related to dyspnea in these patients with MS. The observed low CI, suggests that muscle underperfusion could contribute to this dysfunction during the inspiratory effort.


Assuntos
Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pressão Sanguínea/fisiologia , Dispneia/fisiopatologia , Capacidade Inspiratória/fisiologia , Estenose da Valva Mitral/fisiopatologia , Músculos Respiratórios/fisiopatologia , Baixo Débito Cardíaco/fisiopatologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Estenose da Valva Mitral/terapia , Resistência Física/fisiologia , Pressão Propulsora Pulmonar/fisiologia , Espirometria
18.
International Eye Science ; (12): 1255-1257, 2006.
Artigo em Chinês | WPRIM | ID: wpr-641721

RESUMO

· AIM: To determine the influence of topical anaesthetic drops, age and central corneal thickness (CCT) in the determination of intraocular pressure (IOP) by non contact tonometry (NCT). · METHODS: Ninety-three eyes from 47 patients were examined for CCT and lOP by NCT before and after the instillation of topical anaesthetic drops.· RESULTS: Average age was 66.4 (SD 16, range 34 to 88years-of-age). Thirty one patients were female and 16 were male. Average basal IOP was 16.0 mmHg (SD 4.0, range 8.5to 26.1). IOP pressure one minute after topical anesthesia instillation was 15.0 mmHg (SD 3.8, range 7.7 to 26.7), and 14.9 mm Hg (SD 3.9, range 7.6 to 26.3) five minutes after the instillation. The differences were statistically significant for the 0 to 1 minute lapse (P=0.0007) and for the 0 to 5minute lapse (P=0.0003), but not for the 1 to 5 minute lapse (P=0.27) (Student's t test for paired data). Average CCT before topical anaesthetic drops was 565.4 microns. Simple linear regression analysis demonstrated absence of significant variation between age and IOP changes and between CCT and IOP changes,· CONCLUSION: Our study confirms that the instillation of topical anaesthetics causes a reduction in IOP, which is progressive during the first 5 minutes after instillation. This IOP reduction does not seem to be associated with basal CCT or age.

19.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 128(5): 467-74, mayo 2000. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-267656

RESUMO

Background: It has been proved that there is an inspiratory muscle dysfunction in mitral stenosis; Although its causes still remain unknown. Aim: to evaluate the effect of percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty (PMV) on inspiratory muscle performance (IMP) in patients with mitral stenosis (mitral area < 1.5 cm2). Patients and methods: We studied IMP in 8 patients (35 ñ 10 years) before and 3 months after successful PMV. Inspiratory muscle strength was studied by measuring maximal statistical inspiratory mouth pressure (MIP). Endurance was evaluated using a two minute incremental threshold loading test in order to obtain the maximal sustainable inspiratory pressure (SIP), with the maximal sustainable load (MSL) the patients could sustain for 2 minutes. Results: Mitral valvuloplasty increased mean cardiac index from 3.1 ñ 0.3 to 4.15 ñ 0.3 l/min/m2 (p<0.01), and significantly decreased mean pulmonary and capillary pressures. The MIP value(118 ñ 6 cmH2O), similar to that of normal group, increased to 137 ñ 7 cmH2O (p<0.01). SIP and maximal sustainable load were 52 ñ 3 cmH2O and 294 ñ 29 g respectively, lower than normal subjects (p<0.05) They increased after PMV to 80 ñ 3 cmH2O and 463 ñ 26 g respectively (p<0.001). Conclusions: PMV improved inspiratory muscle function in patients with severe mitral stenosis, probably secondary to a decrease work of breath and improvement of ventricular function


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cateterismo/estatística & dados numéricos , Estenose da Valva Mitral/cirurgia , Fenômenos Fisiológicos Respiratórios , Capacidade Vital/fisiologia , Antropometria , Capacidade Inspiratória/fisiologia , Debilidade Muscular/fisiopatologia , Hemodinâmica/fisiologia , Músculos Respiratórios/fisiopatologia , Resistência das Vias Respiratórias/fisiologia
20.
Rev. chil. enferm. respir ; 12(1): 12-7, ene.-mar. 1996. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-196118

RESUMO

En 10 pacientes portadoras de artritis reumatoide se evaluó la fuerza global de la musculatura inspiratoria a través de la presón inspiratoria máxima (PIM). Seis sujetos presentaron alteraciones radiológicas pulmonares, 6 manifestaciones de tos y 2 de disnea. La PIM resultó significativamente disminuida (p< 0,05) con respecto al grupo control normal. En 8 pacientes se encontró que a mayor duración de la terapia esteroidal, la PIM era significativamente menor (p< 0,05). Se concluye que en el grupo estudiado, existe una disfunción de la musculatura inspiratoria probablemente en relación a la terapia esteroidal, la que se explicaría en parte por la presencia de una miositis esteroidal y/o reumática de acuerdo a lo publicado recientemente


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Artrite Reumatoide/fisiopatologia , Capacidade Inspiratória/fisiologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/uso terapêutico , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Capacidade Residual Funcional , Miosite , Espirometria
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