CD10 immunoreactivity in cutaneous squamous and basal cell carcinoma

The aim of this study was to compare CD10 expression in tumoral and stromal cells of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma [SCC] and basal cell carcinoma [BCC] in order to differentiate SCC from BCC in problematic cases. Twenty six SCC and 30 BCC cases were retrieved randomly from Al-zahra hospital pathology archive and CD10 expression was determined in tumoral and stromal cells [fibroblasts around tumoral nests] of each case based on immunohistochemical method. 25 of 26 SCC samples [96.2%] failed to stain with CD10 in tumoral cells whereas CD10 expression of stromal cells was identified in all SCC cases [100%]. In contrast, 26 of 30 BCC cases [86.7%] were positive in tumoral cells and only 5 of 30 BCC samples [17.7%] were positive in stromal cells. Accordingly, the staining pattern of tumoral and stromal cells in BCC and SCC was statistically different [p < 0.001]. These findings support CD10 expression as a differential marker for BCC and SCC. CD10 staining pattern is mostly tumoral in BCC and stromal for SCC

Role of E-cadherin in differentiation between squamous and basal cell carcinoma

Some type of basal cell carcinoma [ex Keratotic variant] is often misdiagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma and basal cell carinoma. The objective of this study was to determine the role of E-cadherin in differentiation between Squamous and basal cell carcinoma. The sampling was performed by simple method. Entry criteria to the study included 2 groups of 34 primary, untreated BCCs and SCCs each from a different patient. They were surgically removed and the diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology. The stained sections were scored by levels of expression and intensity of E-cadherin. Distribution of E-cadherin staining was more in BCC than SCCs [P=0.006] but the decreased staining intensity of E-cadherin in SCC compared with BCC was not statistically significant [P=0.056]. When the results [score of distribution and intensity of E-cadherin] were added together, the acquired E-cadherin index in a statistical analysis was meaningful to differ between SCC and BCC [P=0.002]. Our study showed that E-cadherin distribution and index but not intensity is lower in SCC cells than BCC cells and it can justify the cause of metastasis in SCC. However, this is ambiguous to use it for differentiating of aggressive forms of BCCs from SCCs, practically

Mast cells in basal cell carcinoma

Many researchers have been more interested in inflammatory changes in tumor stroma recently. Recent studies have shown that mast cells are significantly increased in human skin basal cell carcinoma [BCC] and are associated with tumor aggressiveness. In this study, we compared the number of mast cell population expressing c-kit in the BCC samples and normal skin. We also evaluated the number of this cell type in infliltrative and noninfiltrative subtypes of this tumor. Tissue sections containing 30 cases of BCCs and 30 normal skins were prepared and after staining with c-kit were analyzed for the number of stromal mast cells. Our results indicate that the number of c-kit positive mast cells was significantly higher in BCC when compared with normal skin [P<0.01], and number of mast cells in the stroma of infiltrative subtypes of this tumor is higher than noninfiltrative subtypes [p<0.04]. In our study there wasn't any correlation between sex and age with mast cells count. Our results are in line with previous studies indicating that mast cell numbers are increased in BCC. In addition, the results suggest that mast cell populations may contribute to BCC progression. Besides, we demonstrated that this increase in mast cell density was independent of the patient's ages and sexes

A case of giant sebaceoma

Sebaceoma is a benign tumor with sebaceous differentiation. It usually presents as a yellowish papule or nodule on the face and scalp. This is a report of a 27-year-old-woman who presented with a giant, 6cmx4.5 cm exophytic tumor on her head. Clinically, we considered several diseases; however, the histological and immunohistochemical features matched those of sebaceoma. The lesion was excised and the defect was repaired by a split-thickness graft

effect of epstein-barr virus latent membrane protein-1 status on outcome of patients with classic hodgkin's lymphoma

This study determines the expression of latent membrane protein-1 [LMP- 1] in lymph nodes of patients with classic Hodgkin lymphoma [cHL] and its role in patients' survival. Specimen of 98 patients who had cHL was chosen and the samples were immunohistochemically stained with LMP-1 and Overall disease-free survival [DFS] was measured from the date of complete remission until the Relapse was confirmed by another lymph node biopsy. We investigated the expression of LMP-1 in outcome of patients with cHL. LMP-1 was detected in RS cells of cHL in twenty five out of ninety eight [25.5%] patients. LMP-1 expression was significantly more frequent in mixed cellularity, 46.7%, than nodular sclerosis, 15.4% [P= 0.005]. Patients with EBV-positive tumors had fewer DFS [22.6 vs. 25.9 mo], but the difference was not statistically significant [p=0.06]. Although in our study there is no relationship between age and LMP-1 expression. LMP-1 expression is associated with statistically different DFS in treated patients with cHL

Dermatology case diagnosis, Steatocystoma multiplex

A patient with multiple subcutaneous mobile lesions limited to forearms is presented. Pathologic review of the biopsy confirmed the diagnosis

Determination of P53 expression in basal cell carcinoma tissues and adjacent nontumoral epidermis from sun-exposed areas of the head and neck

This study determines the expression of P53 protein and the intensity of immunoreactivity in basal cell carcinoma in comparison with the adjacent nontumoral epidermis in sun-exposed areas of the head and neck regions. The mean age of immunoreactivity in tumoral and adjacent nontumoral epidermis is also determined. This descriptive-analytical study was performed retrospectively over a 5-year period on 150 basal cell carcinoma cases in the Pathology Department of Alzahra Hospital in Isfahan. Proper quality paraffin blocks were chosen for immunohistochemical staining for P53 through the immunoperoxidase method. The intensity of immunoreactivity was graded. The age of the patients was also recorded. Positive P53 immunoreactivity was observed in 123 basal cell carcinoma tissues [82%] and in 117 adjacent nontumoral epidermis [78%] [P = 0.38]. The frequency of severe immunoreactivity in tumoral tissue and in adjacent nontumoral epidermis was 46% and 32%, respectively [P = 0.046]. The mean age of P53 expression was 66.2 years for tumoral tissue and 66.1 years for nontumoral epidermis. The mean age of those who did not express P53 was 52.6 and 55.9 years for the tumoral and nontumoral epidermis, respectively [P < 0.001]. No significant difference was detected between P53 immunoreactivity in tumoral tissue and adjacent nontumoral epidermis. Intensity of P53 immunoreactivity was greater in tumoral specimens. Comparison of mean ages showed a significant difference between P53- expressing and non-P53-expressing groups

Identification of the causes of intrauterine death during autopsies of 74 dead fetus and neonates

The aim of this article is Evaluation of causes of Perinatal death. During a four-year period, 2000-2004 in Alzahra hospital, 74 autopsies of dead fetus and neonates were performed using a standardized protocol with systematic examination of all major cranial, thoracic and abdominal organs including microscopic examination. The possible causes of the death were identified in 82.4 percent [6 leases]. Structural abnormalities were identified in 64.8 percent [48 cases]. There were no pathologic finding in 10.8 percent [8 cases]. Maceration was seen in 6.75 percent [5 cases]. Asphyxia and intrauterine growth retardation of the fetus [IUR] are identified respectively in 18 percent [13 cases] and 13.5 percent [10 cases]. Perinatal autopsy is valuable in different ways: the confirmation of ante-mortem diagnoses; the identification of unexpected disorders, and exclusion of other [perhaps inheritable] conditions which might be have caused the intrauterine death; and also perinatal autopsy might be a best quality control instrument for medical cares

effect of estrogen on endothelial permeability of aorta and the level of serum nitrite concentration in cholesterol-fed ovariectomized rabbit

Estrogen Replacement Therapy [ERT] in postmenopausal women may decrease the risk of Coronary Artery Diseases [CAD]. We hypothesized that Nitric Oxide [NO] releasing due to ERT may be the essential factor by which endothelial permeability decreases. Four groups of ovariectomized rabbits were under investigation for five weeks. Groups 1 and 4 received high cholesterol diet and other two groups [2 and 3] had normal diet. Estradiol valerate [5 mg] was injected weekly in groups 1 and 2. Blood samples were taken before and after the experiment. Finally, the animals were sacrificed for endothelial permeability determination and pathological investigation of aortae. After five weeks, the total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL and LDL were significantly different between high cholesterol fed and normal diet groups [P<0.05]. In cholesterol-fed groups, triglycerides concentration was also different significantly [P<0.05]. Nitrite concentration was increased significantly in group 1, and it was different from other groups [P<0.05]. A considerable decrease of aorta permeability was obtained in group 1 but it was not significantly different from group 4 [P<0.1]. The considerable existence of fatty streaks was observed in the animals aortae of group 4, and it was significantly different from group 1 [P<0.05]. It suggests that prevention of intimal collection of foam cells and fatty streak in aorta by estrogen may be exerted by NO production

Toxicological studies on an anticancer drug with marine origin

HESA-A, which contains biologically active compounds of marine origin, has selective toxicity against cancer cells. The present work reports the results of studies investigating the acute and sub-acute oral toxicity of this drug in mice and rats. In acute toxicity study, doses of HESA-A up to 13.7 g/kg and in sub-acute study, oral doses of 1250, 2500 and 5000 mg/kg for 30 consecutive days did not cause any morbidity or mortality. Data analysis of body weight gain, gross observations, blood biochemistry, hematology and histopathological findings did not show significant differences between control and treated groups. An oral dose of 5000 mg/kg of HESA-A can be defined as no-observed-adverse-effectlevel [NOAEL] for mice and rats used under the experimental conditions