Effects of Air Pollutants on Outpatient Visits for Atopic Dermatitis in Lanzhou / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To quantitatively evaluate the associations of PM

Standard Operating Procedures for Chinese Medicine Data Monitoring Committees of Clinical Studies / 中国结合医学杂志

Although there is guidance from different regulatory agencies, there are opportunities to bring greater consistency and stronger applicability to address the practical issues of establishing and operating a data monitoring committee (DMC) for clinical studies of Chinese medicine. We names it as a Chinese Medicine Data Monitoring Committee (CMDMC). A panel composed of clinical and statistical experts shared their experience and thoughts on the important aspects of CMDMCs. Subsequently, a community standard on CMDMCs (T/CACM 1323-2019) was issued by the China Association of Chinese Medicine on September 12, 2019. This paper summarizes the key content of this standard to help the sponsors of clinical studies establish and operate CMDMCs, which will further develop the scientific integrity and quality of clinical studies.

Effect of Gaseous Pollutant Concentration on the Number of Daily Outpatient Visits for Acne in Lanzhou / 中国医学科学院学报

Objective To determine the relationship between air pollutants [SO

Association between the morphology of the implanted atrial septal defect occluding umbrella and postoperative headache / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To explore whether the atrial septal defect(ASD) size, the type of occlusion umbrella selected, and the morphological changes after release of occlusion umbrella affect the headache symptoms of ASD patients after operation. Methods: A total of 567 ASD ptients, who underwent successful implantion with a single occlude from January 2014 to December 2017 in General Hospital of Northern Theater Command were enrolled. The patients were divided into symptomatic group and asymptomatic group according to the presence or absence of headache symptoms after occlusion. X-ray catheter calibration method was used to measure the diameter(d), thickness（L）, maximum diameter of the left umbrella surface after release(D2) and the value of i (i = D2/L). Risk factors related to headache were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis. linear regression analysis was used to detect the relationship between the type of occluder umbrella and ASD diameter in asymptomatic group. Results: A total of 567 patients with one occluder umbrella were included, and 148(26.1%) cases were male. The age was (34.4±19.4) years old. The follow-up time was (12.7±2.8) months. There were 51 cases in the symptomatic group and 516 cases in the asymptomatic group. In 29 patients who were treated by extending the course or increasing the dose of aspirin, the symptoms disappeared or improved. There was no significant difference in the maximum ASD diameter (TTE measured) and the size of occluder between the symptomatic group and asymptomatic group(both P>0.05). The value of d ((19.80±6.67)mm vs.(17.40±7.28) mm, P=0.041) D2 ((43.29±7.41）mm vs. (39.20±9.59)mm， P=0.013)and L((13.06±3.72)mm vs. (10.19±2.90) mm，P=0.025) of the symptomatic group were all higher than that of the asymptomatic group，while the i value was smaller((3.54±0.88）vs.(3.99±0.93)，P=0.010）. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the value of L(OR=1.286，95%CI 1.176-1.406, P=0.002) and the value of i(OR=0.916，95%CI 0.867-0.968, P<0.001) were independent factors of headache symptoms in patients after ASD occlusion, while the value of d and the value of D2 were not independent factors (both P>0.05). Linear equations obtained from asymptomatic patients showed the size of occluder =1.121×the maximum ASD diameter of TTE measured +6.414. Conclusions: There is no correlation between the symptoms with the expanded diameter and the maximum diameter of left umbrella's surface after released. The Postoperative discomfort symptoms is significantly correlated to the thickness of the occluder and the value of i. It is suggested that headache could be induced by the oversized occlude, thus choosing the appropriate size of the occluder is essential to reduce the occurrence of postoperative headache symptoms. Increasing the size of occluder because of worrying about the abscission and removal of the occlude is unreasonable. The antiplatelet therapy should also be strengthened to reduce the occurrence of symptoms and improve the symptoms of the patients if the occluder's size is too large. This regression equation (The size of occluder =1.121 × the maximum ASD diameter of TTE measured +6.414) could be used as a reference for the suitable selection of ASD occluder.

Preparation of curcumin TPP-PEG-PE nanomicelles with mitochondrial targeting and lysosomal escape functions and its effect on promoting breast cancer cell apoptosis / 中国中药杂志

Orthogonal experiments were used to optimize the process parameters of curcumin TPP-PEG-PCL nanomicelles; the particle size, electric potential and morphology under the electron microscope were systematically detected for the curcumin TPP-PEG-PCL nanomicelles; and the stability and in vitro release of the curcumin TPP-PEG-PCL nanomicelles were investigated. With DID fluorescent dye as the fluorescent probe, flow cytometry was used to study the uptake of nanomicelles by breast cancer cells, and laser confocal microscopy was used to study the mitochondrial targeting and lysosomal escape functions of nanomicelles. Under the same dosage conditions, the effect of curcumin TPP-PEG-PCL nanomicelles on promoting the apoptosis of breast cancer cells was evaluated. The optimal particle size of curcumin TPP-PEG-PCL nanomicelle was(17.3±0.3) nm, and the Zeta potential was(14.6±2.6) mV in orthogonal test. Under such conditions, the micelle appeared as regular spheres under the transmission electron microscope. Fluorescence test results showed that TPP-PEG-PCL nanomicelles can promote drug uptake by tumor cells, escape from lysosomal phagocytosis, and target the mitochondria. The cell survival rate and Hoechst staining positive test results showed that curcumin TPP-PEG-PCL nanomicelles had a good effect on promoting apoptosis of breast cancer cells. The curcumin TPP-PEG-PCL micelles can significantly reduce the mitochondrial membrane potential of breast cancer cells, increase the release of cytochrome C, significantly increase the expression of pro-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and reduce the expression of anti-apoptotic Bax protein. These test results were significantly better than those of curcumin PEG-PCL nanomicelles and curcumin, with statistically significant differences. The results revealed that curcumin TPP-PEG-PCL nanomicelles can well target breast cancer cell mitochondria and escape from the lysosomal capture, thereby enhancing the drug's role in promoting tumor cell apoptosis.

Application prospect of complete biodegradable occluder in congenital heart disease / 中国实用内科杂志

Congenital heart disease(CHD)is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases in children, which ranks the first place of birth defects and severely threatens human health. With the developments of medical apparatus and progress of medical technology,interventional therapy has already become the preferred therapeutic choice for certain types of CHD including atrial septal defect,ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus, etc. However, occluders currently used are made of NiTi, which exist permanently in human body after implantation. Generally, the surface endothelialization of occluders makes them lose its significance of existence 6 months after implantation. Ideal occluders should gradually undergo self-degradation till they vanish, thus avoiding the permanent existence of metal materials. Nowadays, with the development of medical materials, such an idea has become possible.

Factors Influencing the Initiation Time of Forensic Psychiatric Assessment of Criminal Cases in Hunan Province / 法医学杂志

Objective To discuss the related factors influencing the initiation time of forensic psychiatric assessment by analysis of the initiation time of forensic psychiatric assessment of criminal cases in Hunan Province. Methods Related data in assessment files of criminal cases accepted by 8 forensic psychiatric assessment institutions in Hunan Province from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2016 were extracted. The Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the factors influencing the initiation time of forensic psychiatric assessment. After using property score matching （PSM） to control the influence of confounding factors, the efficiency of public security organs to initiate assessments of suspects with （without） mental disorders and with （without） responsibilities were compared. Results A total of 4 346 cases were included. The Logistic regression analysis suggested that the factors independently related to the initiation time of assessment include： cause of assessment, nationality of the assessed, history of diagnosis and treatment of mental illnesses, history of crimes, history of drug abuse, and status of alcohol consumption before the crime （all P<0.05）. The initiation time of assessment of suspects diagnosed with mental disorder was shorter than those with none （P<0.05）; the initiation time of assessment of suspects without criminal responsibility was shorter than those with responsibility （P<0.05）. After using PSM to control confounding factors, the differences above still existed. Conclusion The cause of assessment, nationality of the assessed, history of diagnosis and treatment of mental illnesses, history of crimes, history of drug abuse, and status of alcohol consumption before the crime are factors that influence the efficiency of public security organs to initiate forensic psychiatric assessments. Under the current assessment initiation mode, forensic psychiatric assessment of suspects who have mental disorders, especially those with no responsibility may be given priority to initiate.

Analysis of the death epidemiology of malignant tumor from 2010 to 2015 in Xiqing District of Tianjin / 天津医药

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and the change trends of malignant tumor death in Xiqing District of Tianjin in 2010-2015, and to provide reference for prevention and treatment of malignant tumor. Methods The death monitoring data in 2010-2015 of Xiqing District were collected, and which were classified by international classification of diseases ICD-10 encoding. The mortality rate, standardized mortality rate of malignant tumor and tumor death in different gender and age groups were analyzed. Results The average annual crude mortality rate of malignant tumors was 142.90/100000 in Xiqing District of Tianjin from 2010 to 2015, and the standardized mortality rate was 98.95/100000. The average crude mortality rate of male was 165.25/100000, the standardized mortality rate was 110.21/100000. The average crude mortality rate of female was 121.23/100000, and the standardized mortality rate was 87.54/100000. Among the leading causes of death in malignant tumors, the top three leading cancer types were lung cancer (62.42/100000), liver cancer (18.82/100000) and gastric cancer (13.22/100000). The mortality rates of lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, leukemia, esophageal cancer, bladder cancer and nasopharyngeal carcinoma were significantly higher in males than those in females (P<0.05). There were death cases in different age groups, and the high mortality rate was concentrated in the age group of 0-1 and age group of more than 85. Conclusion The lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer and other malignant tumors pose a serious threat to the health of Xiqing district residents. It is important to improve the monitoring system and promote the prevention and control of risk factors, continue to strengthen tobacco control and air pollution control, advocate a reasonable diet, moderate exercise and healthy lifestyle, take the comprehensive intervention measures, and reduce the incidence of malignant tumors.

Analysis of the death epidemiology of malignant tumor from 2010 to 2015 in Xiqing District of Tianjin / 天津医药

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and the change trends of malignant tumor death in Xiqing District of Tianjin in 2010-2015, and to provide reference for prevention and treatment of malignant tumor. Methods The death monitoring data in 2010-2015 of Xiqing District were collected, and which were classified by international classification of diseases ICD-10 encoding. The mortality rate, standardized mortality rate of malignant tumor and tumor death in different gender and age groups were analyzed. Results The average annual crude mortality rate of malignant tumors was 142.90/100000 in Xiqing District of Tianjin from 2010 to 2015, and the standardized mortality rate was 98.95/100000. The average crude mortality rate of male was 165.25/100000, the standardized mortality rate was 110.21/100000. The average crude mortality rate of female was 121.23/100000, and the standardized mortality rate was 87.54/100000. Among the leading causes of death in malignant tumors, the top three leading cancer types were lung cancer (62.42/100000), liver cancer (18.82/100000) and gastric cancer (13.22/100000). The mortality rates of lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, leukemia, esophageal cancer, bladder cancer and nasopharyngeal carcinoma were significantly higher in males than those in females (P<0.05). There were death cases in different age groups, and the high mortality rate was concentrated in the age group of 0-1 and age group of more than 85. Conclusion The lung cancer, liver cancer, gastric cancer and other malignant tumors pose a serious threat to the health of Xiqing district residents. It is important to improve the monitoring system and promote the prevention and control of risk factors, continue to strengthen tobacco control and air pollution control, advocate a reasonable diet, moderate exercise and healthy lifestyle, take the comprehensive intervention measures, and reduce the incidence of malignant tumors.

Initial experience of occluding special type patent ductus arterioses using the Amplatzer vascular plug / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Occluders licensed for clinical use are not fit for some special Krichenko E patent ductus arterioses. The Amplatzer vascular plug I (AVP1) has not been licensed for use for closure of patent ductus arteriose. We report our initial experience to occluding special type patent ductus arterioses with the AVP1-a single lobe device of single layer Nitinol mesh for short vessel landing zones.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Patients referred with small and long Krichenko E patent ductus arterioses 1 mm to 3 mm in diameter underwent occlusion using AVP1. All cases underwent pre-, intra- and post-procedural echocardiography and chest X-ray at the completion of the procedure, the next day and at a 30-day, 3-month and 6-month follow-up visits. Device sizing for device waist diameter and length was based on aortography.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>From April 2008 to June 2012, 26 patients with a mean age of (7.6 ± 8.0) years (range 6 months-32 years) and a mean weight of (23.8 ± 14.8) kg (range 7-67 kg) underwent successful patent ductus arteriose closure. The mean ductus diameter was (2.1 ± 0.7) mm (range 1-3 mm). Transpulmonary (22/26) and transaortic approaches (4/26) were used. No persistent patency was observed after 24 hours and after one month. No device displacement, residual flow and iatrogenic coarctation of the aorta were observed after three months and six months.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The AVP1 makes it easy to close some Krichenko E patent ductus arterioses. Smaller delivery catheter profile and symmetric cylindrical device shape allow for use for small and long Krichenko E patent ductus arterioses 1 mm to 3 mm in diameter and small patients through transaortic approaches. Broader experience is required to further delineate device and patient selection as well as to document its long-term efficacy and safety.</p>

Establishment of a rabbit model of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration via the paraspinal approach / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a rabbit model of intervertebral disc degeneration by puncturing the anulus fibrosus through an approach between the longissimus dorsi muscle and obliquus externus abdominis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The L(4/5) and L(5/6) intervetebral discs of 6 New Zealand white rabbits were punctured by an 18-gauge pin in the anterolateral annular fibrosus through an approach between the longissimus dorsi muscle and the obliquus externus abdominis with the right transverse processes of L(5) and L(6) resected; the L(2/3) discs were used as the control without exposure or needle stab, and the L(3/4) discs were subjected to sham operation with the discs exposed but not punctured after resecting the right transverse process of L(4). X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed preoperatively and at the 4th week after puncture. At 4 weeks after the operation, histological and immunohistochemical analyses of the discs were carried out.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>X-ray of the punctured discs at 4 weeks after the operation presented a significant decrease of disc height, osteophytosis formation, and end-plate stiffness; an obvious decrease of signal intensity on T(2)-weighted images was found in the puncture group but not in the control or sham-operated groups. Gross morphological inspection showed atrophy of the nucleus pulposus, which became loose, soft, and fragile with a light yellow color. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses showed a significant decrease of notochordal cells and type II collagen in the nucleus pulposus in the puncture group as compared to the control and sham-operated groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Puncture through the approach between the longissimus dorsi muscle and the obliquus externus abdominis allows the establishment of a reliable animal model for studying intervertebral disc degeneration.</p>

Novel mutations of cardiac troponin T in Chinese patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To screen the cardiac troponin T (TNNT2) mutations in Chinese patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and to analyze the potential link between the genotype and the phenotype.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Clinical features of 100 probands with HCM and some family members were evaluated, 200 unrelated normal subjects served as control. The exons and flanking introns of TNNT2 were amplified with PCR and direct sequencing was used to screen TNNT2 mutations/polymorphisms.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Two novel missense mutations were detected in 2 HCM patients: R92W and R286H. These 2 mutations were not found in 200 non-HCM controls. A five-basepair insertion/deletion polymorphism in intron 3 of TNNT2 was identified in this HCM cohort but was not related to the phenotype.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Two missense mutations, R92W and R286H, were found in 2/100 patients with HCM, TNNT 2 mutation is relatively low in Chinese patients with HCM.</p>

Clinical analysis of transcatheter closure of atrial septal defects in elderly patients / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical feature of patients with atrial septal defects (ASD) and the safety and efficacy of transcatheter closure of ASD in elderly patients.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Between May 2000 and June 2010, 82 patients aged (64.5 ± 3.8) years underwent attempted transcatheter ASD closure. Right heart catheterization was performed before intervention. Echocardiography was made at 1 day, 1, 3, 6 months after the procedure. The pre- and post-closure clinical feature, pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) and cardiac function were evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In 82 patients, 37 (45.1%) patients were associated with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The systolic PAP and mean PAP [(44.1 ± 12.4) mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa) and (25.2 ± 6.8) mm Hg, respectively] were measured by right heart catheterization before the procedure. One patient was unsuitable for closure because of severe PAH. The remaining 81 patients underwent successful ASD closure without major complications. After closuring, systolic PAP decreased from (52.7 ± 10.3) mm Hg to (31.8 ± 6.3) mm Hg (P < 0.05), and mean PAP descended from (30.9 ± 4.7) mm Hg to (21.8 ± 3.4) mm Hg (P < 0.05) in the 36 patients with PAH. The cardiac function improved post procedure. There were 6 new-onset atrial fibrillations during follow up.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>ASD in elderly patients are commonly associated with PAH. Transcatheter ASD closure is safe and effective in the majority of elderly patients.</p>

Comparison of second-trimester maternal serum free-beta-human chorionic gonadotropin and alpha-fetoprotein between normal singleton and twin pregnancies: a population-based study / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The second-trimester maternal serum screening in twin pregnancy is still controversial, as the serum marker levels in twins are not as clear as those in singletons. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the levels of the second-trimester maternal serum free beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (free beta-HCG) and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in normal twin and singleton pregnancies and to estimate feasible analysis methods for utilizing these markers in second trimester screening for twin pregnancy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>On the basis of a prospective population-based study of second-trimester maternal serum screening, the concentrations of maternal serum AFP and free beta-HCG of 195 normal twin pregnancy and 26,512 singleton controls at gestational weeks 15 to 20 were measured by time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay in one laboratory. The levels of markers were compared between the twins and singletons using weight-correction and gestational age-specific model.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>According to the research protocol, 95 communities were randomly sampled, which covered the whole Jiangsu province, the east of China. A total of 26 803 pregnant women (98%), from the target population accepted prenatal screening for maternal serum AFP, beta-HCG detection, and all babies were followed up for at least six months. There were 197 (0.73%) twin pregnancies, of which one case had fetal trisomy 18, and one case with fetal anencephaly. The others were normal twin pregnancy. From a total enrollment of 26 803 women participants, 26 512 women with normal singleton pregnancies were selected as the model controls. The other 291 pregnancies, including trisomy 21, neural tube defect (NTD), trisomy 18, and other fetal abnormalities, were excluded. No significant differences were found in the medians of gestational age-specific maternal serum free beta-hCG and AFP in normal twin pregnancy comparing with twice those in model controls with the exception of the medians for free beta-hCG during the 16th gestational week (P = 0.012).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The weight-correction and gestational age-specific levels of Chinese Han population maternal serum free beta-hCG and AFP in normal twins were twice the levels as those in the singleton controls during the 17-19 gestational weeks.</p>

Establishment of non-parametric probabilistic model for evaluation of Chinese dietary exposure / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a non-parametric probabilistic model for evaluation of Chinese dietary exposure and to improve the assessment accuracy while integrating into the global risk assessment on food safety.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Contamination data was from the national food contamination monitoring program during 2000 - 2006, including heavy metals, pesticides and mycotoxins, amounting to 135 contaminants with 499 commodities and 487 819 samples. Food consumption data was obtained from the national diet and nutrition survey conducted in 2002 with three consecutive days by 24-hour recall method, and 66 172 consumers were included. Monte Carlo simulation was applied to derive the intake distribution, and the uncertainty of each percentile was estimated using the Bootstrap sampling.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Different non-parametric probabilistic models for dietary exposure evaluation on heavy metals, pesticides and some of the toxins were established for Chinese people, and intake distributions with 95% confidence intervals of these contaminants were estimated. Taking acephate as an example, the results of its model shows that, for the 7 - 10 year-old children, the median dietary exposure in urban and rural areas were 1.77 microg x kg(-1) x d(-1) and 2.48 microg x kg(-1) x d(-1) respectively, with a 95% confidence interval of (1.59 - 2.06) microg x kg(-1) x d(-1) and (2.33 - 2.80) microg x kg(-1) x d(-1) respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The non-parametric probabilistic model can quantify the variability and uncertainty of exposure assessment and improve the assessment accuracy.</p>

Effects of transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus in 139 adult patients / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To analyze the clinical feature and the effects of transcatheter closure of adult patients with patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Between January 2000 and April 2009, 139 patients [22 male, aged from 40 to 74: (49.8 +/- 6.8) years] with PDA were hospitalized in our hospital. Clinical data and effects of transcatheter closure of PDA were analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There were 64 patients with NYHA classI, 53 with class II, 16 with class III and 6 with class IV before procedure. In 139 patients, pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) was found in 107 out of 139 patients (77.0%). Transcatheter PDA closure was not performed in 3 patients due to severe PAH and successfully performed in the remaining 136 patients (97.8%) without major complications. Post procedure aortic angiography evidenced minor residual shunt in 14 cases, small residual shunt in 2 cases and moderate shunt in 1 case. The NYHA class was significantly improved and the PAH significantly reduced [sPAP: (47.3 +/- 23.9) mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa) vs. (28.1 +/- 12.3) mm Hg, P < 0.01] post procedure.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PAH and heart failure were commonly associated with PDA in adult patients. Transcatheter PDA closure is safe and effective in these patients except those with severe PAH.</p>

Value of virtual surgery in arterial reconstruction in liver recipients with type II hepatic artery variation / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the value of virtual surgery in hepatic artery reconstruction in liver recipients with type II hepatic artery variation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A patient with cholangiocellular carcinoma and a healthy individual were scanned using 64-slice spiral CT, and image segmentation and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction were performed using an image processing system. The 3D models in STL format were then imported to the FreeForm Modeling System for smoothing and refinement. Hepatic artery reconstruction was performed in simulated liver transplantation using the virtual surgery system with force feedback (PHANTOM).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The reconstructed model contained the liver, hepatic arteries, biliary system, and bile duct tumor emboli and displayed the entire branching of the hepatic artery with type II variation. Using the virtual surgery system, arterial reconstruction was performed by anastomosing the donor celiac trunk and the recipient abdominal aorta with the virtual scalpel and needle.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The reconstructed model allows clearer views of the 3D structures of the arteries in the liver and helps in preoperative preparations and surgical planning of artery reconstruction during liver transplantation. This approach may also help reduce the surgical risks and potential complications.</p>

Anti-tumor effect of Newcastle disease virus strain D817 against nude mouse xenografts of human colon carcinoma / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the anti-tumor effects of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) strain D817 on human colon carcinoma model in nude mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The nude mouse model of human colon carcinoma was established by subcutaneous inoculation of human colon cancer LOVO cells. The tumor-bearing mice were given PBS, 5-Fu, high-dose NDV D817, moderate-dose NDV D817 or low-dose NDV D817 via caudal vein injection. The tumor size and weight of mice were measured. The liver damages were examined by histopathology. Apoptosis and necrosis of tumor cells were detected by flow cytometry. The endotumoral content of TNF-alpha was detected using a mouse TNF-alpha ELISA kit. The live virus was detected by hemagglutination (HA) test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The moderate-dose NDV D817 inhibited the tumor growth more apparently than 5-Fu. The tumor growth inhibition rate reached to 48.1%. The liver damage and the weight change caused by NDV were less severe. NDV D817 made an increased apoptosis index and induced production of TNF-alpha. Live virus was not detected in important organs except in the tumor of nude mice by HA test.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In the anti-tumor process in nude mice bearing xenografts of human colon carcinoma, a suitable dose of NDV D817 is more safe and effective.</p>

Novel MYBPC3 mutations in Chinese patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To screen the MYBPC3 gene mutations in Han Chinese patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-six patients with HCM were enrolled for the study. The exons in the functional regions of MYBPC3 were amplified with PCR and the products were sequenced.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Four novel mutations and four common polymorphisms were identified in this patient cohort. A Lys301fs mutation in exon10 was evidenced in a H30, and when he was 47 years old, he had the chest tightness, shortness of breath with septal hypertrophy of 18.7mm; a Asp463stop mutation in exon17 was detected in a H48, he was 24 years old 24-year-old when a medical examination showed ventricular septal hypertrophy of 15.4 mm; both Gly523Arg mutation in exon18 and Tyr847His mutation in exon26 were found in a H53 with onset age 36 years old, feeling chest tightness after excise and his ventricular septal hypertrophy was 27 mm that time. MYBPC3 mutations occurred in 4.5% patients in this cohort. These mutations were not found in 100 non-HCM control patients.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MYBPC3 mutation is presented in a small portion of Han Chinese patients with HCM.</p>

Study on visualized virtual surgery of living-related donor liver transplantation / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the significance of three dimensional visualization and virtual surgery system in living related donor liver transplantation surgery.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Two patients suffered biliary calculi were scanned by 64 slice helical computer tomography (CT) on livers and the data were imported into medical image proceeding system (MIPS) for sequence. Man-made segmentation and true-up on the image from the data were carried out. Three dimensional (3D) models of the liver and the intrahepatic vessels were reconstructed by VTK software respectively. The models were exported with format STL from it and then were imported into the FreeForm Modeling System for smoothing and modifying. At last, living related donor liver transplantation were simulated with the force-feedback equipment (PHANToM).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>It had great verisimilar image for the reconstructed 3D liver models with artery, hepatic vein, portal vein and bile duct. By seeing through liver, it had high fidelity and strong 3D effect for the intrahepatic artery, hepatic vein, portal vein and bile duct, and their spatial disposition and course and co-relationship were shown clearly. In the virtual surgery system, the virtual scalpel could be manipulated on 3D liver model with PHANToM. The simulating effect was the same as the clinic operation for living related donor liver transplantation.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The visualized liver model reconstructed is 3D and verisimilar, and it is helpful to design reasonable scheme for liver transplantation. It can improve the surgical effect, decrease the surgical risk, reduce the complication, enhance the communication between doctor and patient through designing surgical plan and demonstrating visualized operation before surgery.</p>