MiR-326 regulates EphB3 to inhibit invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells / 中国药理学通报

;Aim To investigate the molecular mechanism of miR-326 inhibiting breast cancer invasion and metastasis by regulating EphB3 expression. Methods RTFQ-PCR was used to examine the expression of miR-326 in normal breast epithelial cells and breast cancer cells and the transfection efficiency of miR-326 overexpression plasmid. EdU cell proliferation assay and Transwell assay were used to examine the changes in proliferation, migration and invasion ability of different subgroups of cells. Dual luciferase assay was used to verify the presence of binding sites for miR-326 and EphB3. Western blot was used to detect the expression of EphB3 in breast cancer cells after overexpression of miR-326. Results RTFQ-PCR results showed that miR-326 was lowly expressed in breast cancer cells and successfully transfected (P < 0. 05). EdU proliferation assay and Transwell assay results showed that overexpression of miR-326 in breast cancer cells inhibited proliferation, migration and invasive ability (P < 0. 05). The results of dual luciferase assay showed that miR-326 could interact with the 3'-UTR of EphB3 (P < 0. 05). Western blot and Transwell assays showed that miR-326 could negatively regulate EphB3 to inhibit invasive metastasis of breast cancer cells (P < 0. 05). Conclusions MiR-326 acts as a cancer suppressor genes in the development of breast cancer and suppresses the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer cells by regulating the expression of EphB3.

Danlou Tablet Improves Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia-Induced Dyslipidemia and Arteriosclerosis by HIF-1α-Angptl4 mRNA Signaling Pathway / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To detect whether Danlou Tablet (DLT) regulates the hypoxia-induced factor (HIF)-1α-angiopoietin-like 4 (Angptl4) mRNA signaling pathway and explore the role of DLT in treating chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH)-induced dyslipidemia and arteriosclerosis.@*METHODS@#The mature adipocytes were obtained from 3T3-L1 cell culturation and allocated into 8 groups including control groups (Groups 1 and 5, 0.1 mL of cell culture grade water); DLT groups (Groups 2 and 6, 0.1 mL of 1,000 µg/mL DLT submicron powder solution); dimethyloxalylglycine (DMOG) groups (Groups 3 and 7, DMOG and 0.1 mL of cell culture grade water); DMOG plus DLT groups (Groups 4 and 8, DMOG and 0.1 mL of 1,000 µg/mL DLT submicron powder solution). Groups 1-4 used mature adipocytes and groups 5-8 used HIF-1 α-siRNA lentivirus-transfected mature adipocytes. After 24-h treatment, real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot were employed to determine the mRNA and protein expression levels of HIF-1 α and Angptl4. In animal experiments, the CIH model in ApoE-/- mice was established. Sixteen mice were complete randomly divided into 4 groups including sham group, CIH model group [intermittent hypoxia and normal saline (2 mL/time) gavage once a day]; Angptl4 Ab group [intermittent hypoxia and Angptl4 antibody (30 mg/kg) intraperitoneally injected every week]; DLT group [intermittent hypoxia and DLT (250 mg/kg) once a day], 4 mice in each group. After 4-week treatment, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the expression levels of serum total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG). Hematoxylin-eosin and CD68 staining were used to observe the morphological properties of arterial plaques.@*RESULTS@#Angptl4 expression was dependent on HIF-1 α, with a reduction in mRNA expression and no response in protein level to DMOG or DLT treatment in relation to siHIF-1 α -transfected cells. DLT inhibited HIF-1 α and Angptl4 mRNA expression (P<0.05 or P<0.01) and reduced HIF-1 α and Angptl4 protein expressions with DMOG in mature adipocytes (all P<0.01), as the effect on HIF-1 α protein also existed in the presence of siHIF-1 α (P<0.01). ApoE-/- mice treated with CIH had increased TG and TC levels (all P<0.01) and atherosclerotic plaque. Angptl4 antibody and DLT both reduce TG and TC levels (all P<0.01), as well as reducing atherosclerotic plaque areas, narrowing arterial wall thickness and alleviating atherosclerotic lesion symptoms to some extent.@*CONCLUSION@#DLT had positive effects in improving dyslipidemia and arteriosclerosis by inhibiting Angptl4 protein level through HIF-1 α-Angptl4 mRNA signaling pathway.

Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of relapsing, recurrent and repeat peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis: a multicenter study / 中华肾脏病杂志

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of different types of peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis (PDAP).Methods:The clinical data of PDAP patients admitted to the Second Hospital of Jilin University, Second Part of the First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin Central Hospital and Jilin First Automobile Work General Hospital in Jilin province from 2013 to 2019 were reviewed. According to the type of PDAP, the patients were divided into relapsing group, recurrent group, repeat group and control group, and the baseline data, pathogens culture and treatment outcomes among the four groups were compared.Results:A total of 542 patients with PDAP were enrolled in the study, including 43 cases in relapsing group, 32 cases in recurrent group, 27 cases in repeat group and 440 cases in control group. The median follow-up time was 30.5 (16.0, 50.0) months. The rate of Gram-positive bacteria in repeat group was higher than that of control group (70.37% vs 42.95%, P=0.030); the rate of fungi in recurrence group was higher than that of control group (21.88% vs 3.86%, P=0.006). Compared with control group, relapsing group had a lower cure rate (67.44% vs 83.64%, P=0.048) and a higher relapse rate (23.26% vs 2.27%, P=0.002), and recurrent group had a higher catheter removal rate (28.13% vs 8.18%, P=0.012). Multivariate logistic regression showed that recurrence was an independent risk factor for catheter removal ( OR=5.137, 95% CI 2.105-12.539, P<0.001). The technical failure rates in relapsing group and recurrent group were both higher than those in control group (41.86% vs 17.05%, P=0.002; 46.88% vs 17.05%, P=0.002). Multivariate Cox regression showed that relapse and recurrence were both independent risk factors for technical failure ( HR=2.587, 95% CI 1.525-4.389, P<0.001; HR=3.571, 95% CI 2.022-6.306, P<0.001), and also were independent risk factors for composite endpoint ( HR=1.565, 95% CI 1.045-2.344, P=0.030; HR=2.004, 95% CI 1.269-3.164, P=0.003). Conclusion:Compared with common PDAP, the therapeutic effects and prognosis of relapsing and recurrent PDAP are worse.

Zinc ion concentration affects proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Zinc ion is a necessary metal trace element in human body, which plays an important role in inhibiting osteoclast activity and promoting osteogenic differentiation. However, the effect of zinc ion at different concentrations on osteogenic differentiation of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells has been rarely studied. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of zinc ion at different concentrations on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for exploring the appropriate zinc ion concentration. METHODS: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were extracted from the long bone marrow of rabbits and passaged. The cells were divided into six groups, including 10-4, 10-5, 10-6, 10-7 and 10-8 mol/L zinc ion groups, and blank control group. The cell proliferation activity was measured by Cell Counting Kit-8 and the growth curve was drawn. Alkaline Phosphatase Assay kit was used to evaluate the osteogenic differentiation ability of the cells, and the growth activity of the cells was shown by Live-Dead Cell Staining Kit. The mineralization ability of the cells was observed by alizarin red S staining. The expression of osteogenic genes was detected by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The number of cells in each group showed an increasing trend with the prolongation of time except for the 10-4 mol/L zinc ion group. After 5 days of culture, the number of cells was highest in the 10-7 mol/L zinc ion group, but lowest in the 10-4 mol/L zinc ion group. Alkaline phosphatase activity was highest when zinc ion concentration was 10-7 mol/L, but lowest at the 10-4 mol/L zinc ion after cell culture for 14 days. The method of Live-Dead Cell Staining revealed the number of viable cells was highest in the 10-7 mol/L zinc ion group. All cells were almost dead in the 10-4 mol/L zinc ion group. Calcium nodule formation was visible, and the expression level of osteogenic genes was highest in the 10-7 mol/L zinc ion group after 14 days of cell culture. These findings suggest that zinc ion can effectively promote the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in a certain concentration range. The promoting effects of zinc ion on proliferation, osteogenic induction and mineralization are strongest. Therefore, the addition of a suitable concentration of zinc ions in the medium is beneficial for the osteogenic differentiation of rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

Research on expression and effects of host gene 3 of small nucleolar RNA in malignant tumors / 医学研究生学报

Increasingly, researches have shown that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays an important role in the oncogenesis and development of various tumors. Small nucleoli RNA host gene 3 (SNHG3) is a newly discovered lncRNA whose abnormally high expression is closely related to the overall survival and prognosis of tumor patients. SNHG3 can regulate the oncogenesis and development of tumors by endogenous competitive adsorption of miRNA, regulating cell cycle, mediating epithelial and mesenchymal transformation, and activating multiple signaling pathways. Therefore, in-depth research on the carcinogenesis mechanism of SNHG3 is helpful for early diagnosis, targeted therapy and prognostic assessment of relevant tumors. This paper reviews latest research progress on the expression and mechanism of SNHG3 in breast cancer, ovarian cancer, kidney cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer, osteosarcoma and head and neck tumors to provide references for future studies.

Research on expression and effects of host gene 3 of small nucleolar RNA in malignant tumors / 医学研究生学报

Increasingly, researches have shown that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays an important role in the oncogenesis and development of various tumors. Small nucleoli RNA host gene 3 (SNHG3) is a newly discovered lncRNA whose abnormally high expression is closely related to the overall survival and prognosis of tumor patients. SNHG3 can regulate the oncogenesis and development of tumors by endogenous competitive adsorption of miRNA, regulating cell cycle, mediating epithelial and mesenchymal transformation, and activating multiple signaling pathways. Therefore, in-depth research on the carcinogenesis mechanism of SNHG3 is helpful for early diagnosis, targeted therapy and prognostic assessment of relevant tumors. This paper reviews latest research progress on the expression and mechanism of SNHG3 in breast cancer, ovarian cancer, kidney cancer, liver cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer, osteosarcoma and head and neck tumors to provide references for future studies.

Effects of alprostadil in β-aminopropanitrile induced aortic dissection in a murine model / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To investigate the protective role of alprostadil on aortic dissection. Methods: 26 C57BL6 male mice were divided into control group (normal drinking water, n=13) and model group (1 g·kg-1·d-1 BAPN via drinking water, n=13). On day 14, mRNA expression of inflammatory-related genes as well as EP receptor families were detected by RT-PCR (n=6 each) and EP4 protein levels were determined by Western blot (n=7 each). Another 88 mice were divided into 3 groups: control group (n=22), model group (n=33) and treatment group (n=33). The mice in model group and treatment group were applied with BAPN (1 g·kg-1·d-1) via drinking water. The mice in treatment group received additional intraperitoneal injection with alprostadil (80 μg·kg-1·d-1) for 28 days. The mice in the control and model group received equal volume intraperitoneal injection with 0.9% saline respectively. The body weight and systolic blood pressure, the mortality and morbidity were monitored from the beginning until the designed end of the study. On day 28, the mice were sacrificed and aorta were fixed, embedded and sliced, followed by staining with HE and Victoria Blue. The distribution of EP4 was determined by immunohistochemistry in control (n=6) and model group (n=6). Furthermore, the concentration of PGE1 were tested among model (n=3) and treatment group (n=4). EP4 protein expression was determined in model group (n=7) and treatment group (n=6). Results: On day 14, mRNA expression level of MCP-1 ((2.74±1.55) vs. (1.00±0.49),<0.05) and MMP2((1.38±0.42) vs. (1.00±0.27), P<0.05) was significantly upregulated in model group compared with control group. Protein expression of EP4 receptor also increased in aorta in model group compared with control group (1.48±0.51 vs. 1.00±0.19, P<0.05). In the dissection area, the EP4 expression was also enriched compared with non-dissection area, particularly in endothelial cells and inflammatory cells on day 28. BAPN applied in drinking water (model and treatment groups) successfully induced the aortic dissection in mice, some mice died of the rupture. The elastic fibers were fractured, and the infiltrated immune cells were visible in dissected tissue. False lumen was formed. There was no dissection and death in the control group. Compared with control group, the morbidity and mortality rates were significantly increased in the model group (60.6%, 20/33, 30.3%, 10/33) and the treatment group (72.7%, 24/33, 24.2%, 8/33). The mortality and morbidity rates were similar between model and treatment groups. There is no difference in terms of SBP among three groups (P>0.05). Further study showed that after alprostadil injection, the blood concentration of PGE1 was increased in treatment group ((0.540±0.041 vs. 0.436±0.012)μmol/L, P<0.05). Besides, the EP4 receptor expression was downregulated in the treatment group compared to model group (0.60±0.30 vs. 1.00±0.20, P<0.05). Conclusion: EP4 expression is upregulated in BAPN induced aortic dissection mouse model. No protective effects are observed post alprostadil treatment in this model probably due to the reduced expression of EP4.

Advances in the roles of FOXD2-AS1 in carcinoma and its regulatory mechanisms / 医学研究生学报

Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is a group of non-coding RNA with length larger than 200 nucleotides. LncRNAs have limited or no protein-coding capacity due to lacking of open reading frame. Recent studies indicated that lncRNAs were involved in various cellular processes and their aberrant expression might lead to tumor development and progression. FOXD2 adjacent opposite strand RNA 1 (FOXD2-AS1) was found to exhibit aberrant expression in various malignancies, and its dysregulation level was closely related with prognosis of cancer patients. The biological functions and molecular regulatory mechanisms of FOXD2-AS1 in tumors will be summarized in this paper.

Minimally invasive therapy for hallux valgus with deformity of little toe varus / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore clinical effect of minimally corrective osteotomy for the treatment of hallux valgus with deformity of little toe varus through small incision.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2013 to June 2016, 168 hallux valgus patients with deformity of little toe varus were treated by minimally corrective osteotomy through small incision. Among them, 7 males and 161 females were aged from 22 to 75 years old with an average of(59.3±3.5) years old. Preoperative clinical manifestation mainly focus on red and swollen of bunion, pain around with metatarsal bones, and diagnosed as hallux valgus with deformity of little toe varus through small incision. Operative time, postoperative complications, pre and post-operative IMA(angle between the first and the second metatarsal bones), HVA (hallux valgus angle), LDA(valgus angle of the fifth metatarsal bones), MPA(valgus angle of little toe), IM4-5 (angle between the forth and the fifth metatarsal bones) and PASA(fixed angle of proximal joint), postoperative AOFAS score were used to evaluate foot function.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>One hundred and sixty-eight patients were followed up for 6 to 48 months with an average of (28.6±3.2) months. All wounds were healed well without infection, sinus tract and other complications. Operative time ranged from 16 to 28 min with an average of (18.3±2.1) min. IMA, HVA, LDA, MPA and IM A 4-5 were (10.1±2.1)°, (32.6±4.2)°, (6.9±2.3)°, (18.5±5.2)°, (15.1±2.9)°preoperatively, improved to (8.3±2.2)°, (10.9±2.9)°, (2.7±0.4)°, (6.5±1.6)°, (8.9±1.8)° postoperatively, and had significant differences before and after operation. While there was no difference in PASA before (9.1±2.1)°and after operation(8.7±1.9)°. AOFAS score were improved from (31.6±3.9) before operation to(83.7±5.2) after operation, but no significant difference(>0.05). According to AOFAS score, 147 patients obtained excellent results, 13 good, 6 moderate and 2 poor.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Minimally corrective osteotomy for the treatment of hallux valgus with deformity of little toe varus through small incision could obtain satisfied clinical effect, and has advantages of small incision, no stitches, beautiful appearance, shorter operation time, and rapid recovery. It is worth popularization in clinical practise.</p>

A Meta-analysis on Acupuncture and Moxibustion Treatment of Schizophrenia / 针刺研究

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy and security of acupuncture therapy combined with conventional antipsychotics in the treatment of schizophrenia. METHODS: We first comprehensively retrieved papers about acupuncture or moxibustion treatment of schizophrenia published from the time of establishment of the database to April of 2017 in Chinese databases such as Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI), Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database (VIP), Wanfang, and Chinese BioMedical Literature (CBM) by using keywords "acupuncture""moxibustion""acupuncture ＋moxibustion""acupuncture ＋medication""electroacupuncture""filiform needle""scalp-acupuncture""auricular acupuncture"， etc. Then, according to the principles and methods of evidence-based medicine, papers conformed to the included standards were enrolled to Meta-analysis by using Review Manager 5.3 software. RESULTS: A total of 618 studies were identified, with only 17 articles (containing 1 542 patients) conformed to our included standards and analyzed finally. In regard to the total effective rate of acupuncture or moxibustion for schizophrenia, the combined OR＝3.09, 95% CI (2.31, 4.13), the diamond was on the right side of the vertical line (suggesting being effective), OR checked by Z test (Z＝7.61, P<0.000 01). In regard to the untoward effect, the combined OR＝0.34, 95% CI (0.16, 0.75), the diamond was on the left side of the vertical line (suggesting less adverse effects), OR checked by Z test (Z＝2.67，P＝0.008). Sensitivity analysis: the combined standardized mean difference (SMD)＝－0.61, 95% CI(－0.88, －0.34), the diamond was on the left side of the vertical line (suggesting having more profits than simple medication), SMD checked by Z test (Z＝4.39, P<0.000 1)．. CONCLUSION: Acupuncture and moxibustion combined with conventional antipsychotics is significantly better than that of antipsychotics alone in the treatment of schizophrenia and has less side effects. But, high quality clinical studies with rigorous experimental design and large sample size are needed to provide more reliable evidence.

Event-related potentials of working memory impairment in children with primary nocturnal enuresis / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the cognitive neural mechanism of working memory impairment in children with primary nocturnal enuresis using event-related potential (ERP).@*METHODS@#A total of 14 children with primary nocturnal enuresis were enrolled as enuresis group, and 14 normal children were enrolled as control group. The learning-recognition task test was applied, and the ERP components (P2, N2, and P3) at Fz lead while identifying old pictures (learned) and new ones (unlearned) were measured and compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#While identifying the old pictures, the enuresis group had a lower amplitude of P2 and N2 than the control group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups in the latency of P2, N2, and P3 and the amplitude of P3. While identifying the new pictures, the enuresis group had a longer latency of P2 and a significantly lower amplitude of N2 than the control group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups in the amplitude of P2 and P3 and the latency of N2 and P3.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Compared with normal children, the children with primary nocturnal enuresis have reduced abilities of classified information extraction, a prolonged reaction time, and reductions in memory capacity, memory consolidation, and conflict monitoring, which causes working memory impairment.

Comparison of the value of shear wave elastography and digital mammography in differential diagnosis of breast neoplasms / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To compare the value of shear wave elastography (SWE)and mammography in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast neoplasms.Methods Totally 96 patients with breast tumor were randomly chosen and underwent SWE andmammography.The elastic maximum value (Emax)was obtained. Taking histological diagnosis as the golden standards,we compared the two techniques' sensitivity,specificity, accuracy,positive and negative predictive value in diagnosis of breast tumors.Results The sensitivity,specificity, accuracy,positive and negative predictive value of Emax were 91.3%,94.0%,92.7%,93.3% and 92.1%, respectively.The sensitivity and accuracy of E-max were significantly better than those of x-ray (both P <0.05 ). The area under the ROC curve of Emax was 0.983 (95% CI,0.963 to 0.998).Conclusion SWE outperforms mammography in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast tumors.

Comparison of the value of shear wave elastography and digital mammography in differential diagnosis of breast neoplasms / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Objective To compare the value of shear wave elastography (SWE)and mammography in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast neoplasms.Methods Totally 96 patients with breast tumor were randomly chosen and underwent SWE andmammography.The elastic maximum value (Emax)was obtained. Taking histological diagnosis as the golden standards,we compared the two techniques' sensitivity,specificity, accuracy,positive and negative predictive value in diagnosis of breast tumors.Results The sensitivity,specificity, accuracy,positive and negative predictive value of Emax were 91.3%,94.0%,92.7%,93.3% and 92.1%, respectively.The sensitivity and accuracy of E-max were significantly better than those of x-ray (both P <0.05 ). The area under the ROC curve of Emax was 0.983 (95% CI,0.963 to 0.998).Conclusion SWE outperforms mammography in differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast tumors.

Association between anxiety-depression and 5-HTTLPR gene polymorphism in school-aged twins / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the association between anxiety-depression and 5-HTTLPR gene polymorphism in school-aged twins.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 147 pairs of twins (47 pairs of monozygotic twins, 100 pairs of dizygotic twins) aged 8-12 years from Baotou and Hohhot were selected as respondents. The Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) was used to calculate the scores of anxiety-depression factors in school-aged twins. The DNA was extracted from oral epithelial cells, and polymerase chain reaction was applied for 5-HTTLPR genotyping. The generalized estimating equation (GEE) was used to analyze the effect of 5-HTTLPR polymorphism and family environment on anxiety-depression in school-aged twins.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The children with LS and SS genotypes had significantly higher scores of anxiety-depression factors than those with LL genotype (χ2=3.938, P<0.05). The interaction of 5-HTTLPR genotype with family cohesion and family rearing patterns had a significant impact on the scores of anxiety-depression factors in twins (χ2=6.129 and 7.665, both P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>5-HTTLPR genotype is significantly correlated with the scores of anxiety-depression factors in school-aged twins. In the family with high cohesion and an autocratic family rearing pattern, S allele may increase the possibility of anxiety-depression in twin children.</p>

Event-related potential and behavioral characteristics in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder of different school entrance ages: a comparative study / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effects of school entrance age on cognition and behaviors in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using mathematical event-related potential (ERP), behavioral test, and Conners Parent Symptom Questionnaire (PSQ).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifty-eight ADHD children aged 7-12 years were enrolled and classified into older age and younger age groups according to the school entrance age (n=29 each). The children in the older age group were admitted at an age of 6 years and 6 months to 6 years and 11 months, and those in the younger age group were admitted at an age of 6 years to 6 years and 5 months. The ERP with a mathematical task was used to detect the difference in brain electrical activity between the two groups, and the behavioral test results were compared. The children's parents were asked to complete the PSQ, and the scores on each subscale were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The ERP detection showed that the older age group had a significantly higher P2 amplitude for wrong answers than the younger age group (10.9±5.0 μv vs 8.5±3.6 μv; P<0.05). The younger age group had a significantly shorter time of response to wrong answers than the older age group (619±340 ms vs 870±418 ms; P<0.05). The scores on the subscales of learning problems and impulse-hyperactivity of PSQ were significantly higher in the younger age group than in the older age group (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>School entrance age can affect cognition and behaviors in children with ADHD, and the ADHD children with a younger school entrance age have an obvious defect in executive function, especially the function of error detection, which leads to the prominent problems in impulse-hyperactivity and learning.</p>

Correlation between event-related potential and behavioral problems in early school-age children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the cognitive characteristics in early school-age children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using event-related potential (ERP) and Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), as well as the correlation between ERP and behavioral problems.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 22 children aged 6-7 years with ADHD and 19 healthy children matched by age were enrolled. Continue Performance Test-AX (CPT-AX) was performed for ERP test. The amplitude and latency of N2 and P3 of Go and Nogo were compared. The CBCL was completed by the parents, and the correlation between behavioral factors and ERP was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The ADHD group had a significantly higher number of ERP omissions than the normal control group (10±8 vs 5±4; P<0.05), while the reaction time and number of commission errors showed no significant differences between the two groups (P>0.05). The ADHD group showed a significantly lower Go-N2 amplitude than the normal control group (-8±5 μV vs -10±4 μV; P<0.05). In the ADHD group, the detection rates of hyperactivity, attack, and discipline violation were 27%, 27% and 9% respectively. The scores on attack and discipline violation subscales were negatively correlated with the Go-N2 amplitude of ERP (r=-0.43 and -0.48 respectively; P<0.05), while the score on hyperactivity subscale was positively correlated with the latency of Go-P3 (r=0.50, P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The early school-age children with ADHD show the tendency to the impairment of attention/executive function, but the inhibition function defect has not been noted. In early school-age children with ADHD, the behavioral problems such as hyperactivity, attack, and discipline violation are associated with ERP.</p>

Targeted blockage of RNA binding protein E2 by decoy RNA induces the granulocytic differentiation of K562 cells / 中华血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To use a decoy RNA targeted blockage of the RNA binding protein E2 (hnRNP E2) resulting in the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha (C/EBP alpha) gene's abnormal translation and investigate its effect on the granulocytic differentiation of K562 cells and the probable molecular mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The hnRNP E2 decoy RNA expression plasmid was constructed and transfected into K562 cells with cationic liposome, and stable expression cells were obtained by G418 selection. The changes of C/EBP alpha and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor receptor (G-CSFR) gene expression were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. The morphologic changes were observed after Wright-Giemsa staining. The expression of granulocytic differentiation antigens CD13 and CD15 was studied by immunocytochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The stably expressed pG cells were obtained. Its C/EBP alpha mRNA level remained unchanged, while 42kD-C/EBP alpha protein expression was increased by (49.7 +/- 5.5)% (P < 0.05); and G-CSFR mRNA was increased by (42.1 +/- 3.6)% (P < .05), and its protein was increased by (37.4 +/- 6.2)% (P < 0.05) compared to that in the K562 control cells. The characteristics of polymorphonuclear neutrophils appeared in pG cells and CD13 and CD15 positive cell ratios were (18.7 +/- 2.5)% and (26.3 +/- 2.9)% respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>HnRNP E2 decoy RNA can induce granulocytic differentiation of K562 cells, and G-CSF promotes this effect. The mechanisms may be that decoy RNA specifically blocks hnRNP E2, hence regulates the translation of C/ EBP alpha mRNA, restores the expression of 42kD-C/EBP alpha, and then up-regulates the expression of G-CSFR gene.</p>

Changes of CD4+CD28- T cell and CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cell subsets in patients with coronary heart disease / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the changes of CD4(+)CD28(-) T cell and CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cell (Treg) subsets in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-eight patients with angiographically established CAD were recruited in this study, including 16 with unstable angina (UA group) and 12 with stable angina (SA group). Eleven patients with chest pain syndrome served as the control group. The proportions of peripheral CD4(+)CD28(-) T cells and CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg subsets were determined with fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The proportions of CD4(+)CD25(+) Treg were significantly lower in UA group (6.55-/+2.45%) than in SA (14.01-/+4.92%) and control groups (13.55-/+3.87%). The proportions of CD4(+)CD28(-) T cells were significantly higher in UA group (10.55-/+4.76%) than in SA (2.64-/+1.33%) and control (2.75-/+1.55%) groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Alterations of circulating T-lymphocyte subsets occur in patients with UA. The changes of Treg and CD4(+)CD28(-) T cells may lead to breakdown of peripheral autoimmune tolerance and play an important role in the development and progression of CHD.</p>

Effects of simvastatin on DNA synthesis in rat cardiac fibroblasts / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effects of simvastatin (Sim) and the interference by mevalonate (MVA) against its effect on DNA synthesis in rat cardiac fibroblasts (CFs).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>CFs were isolated from neonatal SD rats by trypsin digestion and growth-arrested CFs were stimulated with Sim and/or MVA at varied concentrations for different time lengths, and the DNA synthesis in the cells was measured by (3)H-thymidine ((3)H-TdR) incorporation assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Sim decreased (3)H-TdR incorporation in the CFs in a concentration-dependent manner, and (3)H-TdR incorporation was significantly lower in cells treated with 1 x 10(-6) and 1 x 10(-5) mol/L Sim (1,175+/-202.66 and 771+/-164.86 cpm/2000 cells, respectively) than in the control cells (1,608+/-204.32 cpm/2000 cells, P<0.01). As the treatment time with 1 x 10(-5) mol/L Sim prolonged (for 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 42, and 48 h), (3)H-TdR incorporation in CFs decreased gradually, showing an obvious inverse correlation with the treatment time (r=-919, P<0.01). (3)H-TdR incorporation in cells treated with 1 x 10(-6) to 1 x 10(-3) mol/L MVA and 1 x 10(-5) mol/L Sim rose steadily as MVA concentration increased. A significant difference in the incorporation was found between cells treated with both 1 x 10(-4)/1 x 10(-3) mol/L MVA and 1 x 10(-5) mol/L Sim (1,612+/-308.57 and 1,995+/-353.83 cpm/2000 cells, respectively) and the cells with 1 x 10(-5) mol/L Sim treatment alone (P<0.01); difference was also noted between cells treated with 1 x 10(-5) mol/L MVA and the control cells (P<0.05), but treatment with 1 x 10(-6) mol/L MVA did not produce much difference in comparison with the control cells (P>0.05) With the increase of treatment time (for 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 42, 48 h), 1 x 10(-3) mol/L MVA caused steady increase in (3)H-TdR incorporation in the CFs, showing a significant positive correlation with the treatment time (r=0.968, P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Sim can decrease DNA synthesis in rat CFs and postpone the occurrence of myocardial fibrosis, which can be reversed by MVA.</p>

Screening of the Microbe Producing Docosahexaenoic Acid from Seawater and Identification on a Strain of High Yield / 微生物学通报

Microbes that produce Docosahexaenoic Acid were isolated from seawater. 160 strains capable of producing lipids were screened out using Sudan Black B dying method from 280 seawater samples. From 60 strains of microorganisms producing bigger lipid particles, 7 strains of them capable of producing lipids more than 8% were obtained with Soxhlet abstracting method in the first screening. In the secondary screening from 10 strains with high lipids yield, strain 7-3 capable of producing 15.9% lipids was obtained, in which the content of DHA(Docosahexaenoic Acid)is 45.2%. Strain 7-3 was identified as Brettanomyces based on its morphological properties, cultural characteristics, physiological and biochemical properties.