Mechanism of Didangtang in Treatment of Bladder Cancer Based on Network Pharmacology / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To investigate the targets and possible mechanism of Didangtang in the treatment of bladder cancer. Method:Based on multiple traditional Chinese medicine and disease databases, the network pharmacology was used to screen potential targets, analyze the biological functions of potential targets, and construct a network of "Chinese medicine-target-path-disease". Bioinformatics analysis was applied in population and gene databases, in order to explore the differential expressions of core targets in tissues, distribution in the population and the correlation with prognosis. The in vitro experiment was used to verify the biological function of Didangtang. The underlying mechanism of Didangtang on the candidate target was detected. Result:A total of 21 core target genes and 16 highly enriched pathways were screened out. A functional network of Didangtang was constructed systematically. At the same time, six targets, namely cadherin 1 (CDH1), CAMP responsive element binding protein 1 (CREB1), colony stimulating factor 2 (CSF2), AP-1 transcription factor (JUN), matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2), and prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase (PTGS2), were differentially expressed in bladder cancer tissues (P<0.05). Furthermore, JUN and MMP2 were also differentially distributed in population (P<0.05). At the same time, the expression level of JUN was correlated with the prognosis of patients with bladder cancer (P<0.05). The in vitro experiment revealed that Didangtang inhibited the proliferation of bladder cancer cells and decreased the expression of candidate target JUN (P<0.01). Conclusion:Didangtang has the characteristics of multiple targets and multiple pathways in treatment of bladder cancer. It is initially confirmed that Didangtang can affect the expression of target JUN and inhibit the proliferation of bladder cancer, which lays a good foundation for further studies on mechanism.

Clinical efficacy of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine for castration-resistant prostate cancer / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the clinical effects of integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine in the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC).@*METHODS@#A total of 54 CRPC patients were randomly divided into a control and a trial group, all treated by endocrine therapy (oral Bicalutamide at 50 mg per d plus subcutaneous injection of Goserelin at 3.6 mg once every 4 wk) and chemotherapy (intravenous injection of Docetaxel at 75 mg/m2 once every 3 wk plus oral Prednisone at 5 mg bid), while the latter group by Fuyang Huayu Prescription (a Traditional Chinese Medicine ［TCM］ prescription for tonifying yang and dispersing blood stasis) in addition, for a course of 24 weeks. Comparisons were made between the two groups of patients in the level of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA), Karnofsky physical condition scores, function assessment of cancer therapy-prostate (FACT-P) scores, and TCM symptoms scores before and after 12 or 24 weeks of treatment.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the baseline, the serum PSA level was significantly decreased after 12 weeks of treatment both in the control (［25.9 ± 39.3］ vs ［20.0 ± 21.1］ μg/L, P 0.05). At 24 weeks, however, the PSA levels in the control and trial groups were slightly increased to (23.1 ± 28.4) and (19.6 ± 23.5) μg/L, respectively, with no statistically significant differences in between (P >0.05). Karnofsky, FACT-P and TCM symptoms scores were all markedly improved in the trial group after 12 weeks of treatment (P 0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#TCM Fuyang Huayu Prescription combined with endocrine therapy and chemotherapy is effective for CRPC.

Chinese medicinal compound CFF-1 induces the apoptosis and cycle-arrest of prostate cancer cells via the PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 signaling pathway / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To explore the apoptosis-inducing effect of the Chinese medicinal compound CFF-1 on prostate cancer cells and its related molecular mechanisms.@*METHODS@#Normal prostate WPMY-1 cells and prostate cancer LNCaP, CWR22Rv1, PC3 and DU145 cells were treated in dehydrated alcohol with CFF-1 at 0, 2, 5, or 10 mg/ml for 24 hours. Then the viability of the prostate cells was detected by morphological observation, MTT and CCK-8 assay, nuclear condensation and disruption measured by DAPI staining, the cell cycle and apoptosis calculated by flow cytometry, the activity of the PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 signaling pathway and the expressions of its downstream apoptosis- and cycle-related proteins determined by Western blot.@*RESULTS@#CFF-1 significantly arrested the cell cycle in the G1 phase, decreased the cell viability and increased the nuclear condensation and disruption in a dose-dependent manner, and elevated the apoptosis rate of prostate cancer cells. At the molecular level, CFF-1 dose-dependently reduced the activity of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and phosphorylation of the FOXO1 protein, increased the transcription activity of FOXO1, and eventually regulated the expressions of cell apoptosis- and cycle-related genes.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The Chinese medicinal compound CFF-1 can significantly inhibit the growth, arrest the cycle, and induce the apoptosis of prostate cancer cells by decreasing the activity of the PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 signaling pathway, which suggests its potential clinical application value in the treatment of prostate cancer.

Updated treatments of castration-resistant prostate cancer / 中华男科学杂志

The diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer are being improved due to the popularized screening of prostate specific antigen. Advanced prostate cancer, in spite of its response to androgen deprivation therapy, may finally develop into castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and shorten the overall survival of the patients. Many efforts have been made by worldwide researchers for new approaches to the management of CRPC, including new hormonal therapy, cytotoxic chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and bone metastasis-targeted therapy. This paper reviews the emerging agents undergoing clinical evaluation and drugs that have received approval for the treatment of CRPC in order to provide doctors and patients with more treatment options for CRPC and improve the overall survival rate and quality of life of the patients.

Transurethral transumbilical laparoendoscopic single-site surgery for radical prostatectomy / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the feasibility and advantages of transurethral transumbilical laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (TU-LESS) for radical prostatectomy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Five patients with prostate cancer underwent TU-LESS for radical prostatectomy, with a four-channel single-port device inserted into a 2. 5 cm periumbilical incision and another placed through the urethra, followed by analysis of the perioperative data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the operations were successfully accomplished, with neither conversion to open surgery nor additional channel. The mean operation time, intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative hospital stay were 168 min, 120 ml, and 15 d, respectively. No severe perioperative complications were observed. TNM stage classification manifested T2cN0M0 in 2 cases and T2bN0M0 in the other 3. Postoperative pathology showed no negative surgical margins in any of the cases.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TU-LESS is safe and feasible for radical prostatectomy and can reduce the complication of low urinary tract surgery by single-site laparoendoscopy.</p>

Indirubin inhibits the proliferation of prostate cancer PC-3 cells / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the antitumoral effect of indirubin on androgen-independent prostate cancer PC-3 cells and its possible mechanisms.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We measured the inhibitory effect of indirubin on the proliferation of prostate cancer PC-3 cells using MTT assay, detected their cell cycles by flow cytometry, and determined the expressions of the cell cycle regulatory protein cyclin D1 and its related downstream gene c-myc by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The viability of the PC-3 cells was significantly decreased by indirubin in a concentration-dependent manner, reduced to 52. 2% and 13. 6% at 5 and 10 µmol/L, respectively. The cell cycle of the PC-3 cells was markedly inhibited by indirubin at 5 µmol/L, with the cells remarkably increased in the G0 and G1 phases and decreased in the S and G2/M phases. Meanwhile, indirubin also inhibited the expressions of cyclin D1 and c-myc in the Wnt signaling pathway.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Indirubin can suppress the proliferation of androgen-independent prostate cancer PC-3 cells, which may be associated with its inhibitory effect on the cell cycle and Wnt signaling pathway.</p>

simple emergency prediction tool for acute aortic dissection

A simple emergency risk prediction tool should be developed for clinicians to quickly identify the prognosis of patients with acute aortic dissection. We enrolled 280 patients with acute aortic dissection admitted to emergency department between May 2010 and February 2013. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of in-hospital death. The in-hospital mortality of our patients with acute aortic dissection was 32.5%, in-hospital deaths with surgery less than the survived [34.1% VS 54.5%]. Multivariate analysis identified that age [>/= 65 years old], Type A, blood pressure [mean systolic blood pressure /= 80%] and serum D-dimer [>/= 5.0 mg/L] were significant predictors of death. With the simple emergency risk prediction tool, scores of all in-hospital deaths were >/= 3, whereas almost all of the survivors [97.9%] had scores < 15. A score of 10 offered the best threshold value, with the highest sensitivity [81.3%] and specificity [86.8%]. The in-hospital mortality rate of patients with acute aortic dissection is high and can be predicted. Early surgery would be beneficial for in-hospital survive. This tool should be available for clinicians in the emergency department to quickly identify the prognosis of patients with acute aortic dissection

Quercetin induces the apoptosis of human PC-3 cells / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effect of quercetin on the apoptosis of human PC-3 cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Human PC-3 cells were cultured in vitro and then treated with quercetin at the concentrations of 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 micromol/L. The inhibition rate of quercetin on the PC-3 cells was detected by MTT, the apoptosis of the cells determined by flow cytometry, and the changes of the cellular ultramicrostructure observed by transmission electron microscopy.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Quercetin markedly inhibited the proliferation of PC-3 cells in vitro in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Its inhibition rates were (3.01 +/- 1.32)%, (4.84 +/- 1.73)%, (20.35 +/- 1.30)%, (16.78 +/- 1.89)% and (27.25 +/- 4.01)% at 24 hours, and (10.18 +/- 1.16)%, (6.22 +/- 0.04)%, (24.29 +/- 4.19)%, (22.4 +/- 4.26)% and (41.42 +/- 5.43)% at 48 hours in the 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 micromol/L groups, respectively, with statistical significance at the concentration of > 150 micromol/L (P < 0.05). Flow cytometry showed that the apoptosis of PC-3 cells was increased with the elevated concentration and prolonged time of Quercetin treatment, (19.10 +/- 0.28)% and (26.55 +/- 0.78)% at 24 hours, and (27.65 +/- 1.06)% and (38.30 +/- 5.96)% at 48 hours in the 150 and 200 micromol/L groups, respectively (P < 0.05). Typical changes in the morphology of the cells were observed under the transmission electron microscope.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Quercetin can inhibit the proliferation and induce the apoptosis of human PC-3 cells, but its action mechanism remains to be further investigated.</p>

A proteomic study of the serum proteins in BPH and HGPIN patients / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DGE) and mass spectrometry in the studies of the serum proteins expressed in patients with BPH and those with high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasm (HGPIN).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We extracted serum proteins from BPH and HGPIN patients by 2DGE and cut the differentially expressed interesting protein spots from the gel. Then we digested the proteins, obtained the peptide mass fingerprint by mass spectrometry and identified the proteins through database retrieval.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>We successfully achieved the 2DGE maps of the serum proteins from the BPH and HGPIN patients, obtained 1 421-1 532 protein spots from the 2D map of HGPIN and 1 466-1 778 from that of BPH. Based on peptide mass fingerprinting, 9 of the protein spots were identified. Serum amyloid A was found to be expressed in the HGPIN group, but weakly or not at all in the BPH.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Proteomics can be applied to the study of the serum proteins in BPH and HGPIN patients. It can afford experimental evidence for the early diagnosis and development HGPIN, promote the search of functional and specific proteins of prostate diseases and shed new light on the network mechanisms of the problems.</p>

TUBVP and HOLEP: desirable surgical options for large benign prostatic hyperplasia ( >80 ml) / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare the safety and efficacy of the two surgical alternatives, transurethral bipolar vaporization resection of the prostate (TUBVP) and holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (HOLEP), in the treatment of large benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Retrospective analyses were made of 56 cases of large BPH ( >80 ml), 34 treated by TUBVP with the Bipolar Vaporization System (ACMI Medical Ltd, U.K.) at 160 W in cutting and 80 W in coagulation mode, and 22 by HOLEP with the Holmium Laser System (LUMNIS Ltd, US) at 100W. The safety and efficacy of the two approaches were assessed based on the operative and follow-up data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Blood loss was significantly less in the HOLEP than in the TUBVP group ( P < 0.01), but the time of postoperative bladder irrigation and catheter indwelling was obviously shorter in the latter. IPSS, Qmax and Residual unine were markedly improved at 1 and 3 months after the surgery, with no statistically significant differences between the two groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Both TUBVP and HOLEP are safe and effective surgical options for the treatment of large BPH. Particularly the former, easier to be popularly applied, is promising to be a new "gold standard" in the surgical treatment of BPH.</p>

Beta-thalassemia major caused by compound heterozygosity for +40 to +43(-AAAC), IVS-2-654 (C to T) and codon 41/42 (-TCTT) / 中华医学遗传学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To report the analysis of a rare beta-thalassemia ternary heterozygote [+40 to +43(-AAAC)*CD41/42(-TTCT)*IVS-2-654] causing beta-thalassemia major in a Chinese.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using PCR-ASO probe hybridization analysis to scan 17 known types of beta-thalassemia mutations, and gene cloning and DNA sequencing to identify the underlying causative mutation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Reverse dot blot (RDB) analysis showed that the patient's beta-globin gene had three mutations: +40 to +43(-AAAC), CD41/42(-TCTT) and IVS-2-654(C to T). Beta-globin gene cloning and sequencing proved that, the two deletions of +40 to +43(-AAAC) and CD41/42(-TCTT) co-existed on the same chromosome, and the other homologous chromosome had an IVS-2-654 (C to T) mutation. So the patient is a compound heterozygote of [+40 to +43(-AAAC)*CD41/42 (-TCTT)]/IVS-2-654 (C to T) leading to beta-thalassemia major.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The triple mutation of [+40 to +43(-AAAC)*CD41/42(-TCTT)/N] is a new genotype of beta-thalassemia in Chinese.</p>

Purification and characterization of biologically active recombinant human Eppin expressed in Escherichia coli / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Eppin (epididymis protease inhibitor) appears to play an important role in primate fertility. However, the function of Eppin and its antibody in men and its relationship with men's infertility are poorly studied. To reveal the significance and possibility of detection of anti-Eppin antibody in clinical infertilty cases, we developed an Escherichia coli expression system for the expression of biologically active human Eppin.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The human Eppin gene was cloned into PET-28a( )+ vector after induction with 0.5 mmol/L isopropy-beta-D-thiogalactoside (IPTG) at 26 degrees C for 4 hours, and the expressed fusion protein His6-Eppin was purified by Ni2+ affinity chromatography. Afterwards, six female 8-week-old Balb/c mice were immunized with purified His6-Eppin for three weeks. Their sera were collected and polyclonal antibodies against His6-Eppin were purified, all of which were further verified by Western-blot and immunofluorescence analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>About 18.33 mg His6-Eppin was obtained from 1-L flask culture. The produced polyclonal antibodies against His6-Eppin recognized the Eppin protein both in human epididymis and in HEK293T cells by over-expression of the recombinant human Eppin.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The purified His6-Eppin protein has biological activity, which might be a candidate for clinical diagnosis of infertility and development of male immuno-contraceptive agents.</p>

Research on the procedure for recovery and species identification of Legionella from surface environmental water / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish a set of procedure for recovery and species identification of Legionella from the surface environmental water.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-four water samples were collected in eight parks of Guangzhou city from August to November in 2006. The bacteriologic examination was performed by cultivation on BCYEalpha plate, and 108 presumptive Legionella colonies were picked and their homogeneous relationship was analyzed by using an amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) method. Species identification was carried out by latex agglutination test, biochemical characterization, analysis of cellular fatty acids composition, 16 S rRNA gene and mip gene sequencing.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Legionella was recovered among 27 (61.36%) samples of all eight parks, and 31 different strains were identified from those 108 presumptive Legionella isolates by AFLP method, including 20 strains of L. pneumophila, five strains of L. feeleii, four strains of L. longbeachae, one strain of L. oakridgensis and one strain of L. sainthelensi, and L. pneumophila could be easily differentiated by phenotypic and biochemical characteristics, latex agglutination test or analysis of the cellular fatty acids composition . However, uncertain factors were existing in those phenotypic identification methods as compared to the sequence analysis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The taxonomic analysis of the Legionellae family should be dependent on the 16 S rRNA gene or mip gene.</p>

Detection of diarrheagenic escherichia coil harboring genomic O island 28 isolated from children diarrhea in Taiyuan / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the etiologic value of diarrheagenic E. coil harboring genomic O island 28(OI-28) containing five putative virulence genes (Z0608, Z0609, Z0615, Z0634 and Z0635), which were related to RTX (Repeat in toxin) toxin family isolated from children with diarrheal disease in Taiyuan.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In the study, 257 fecal samples from children with diarrheal disease collected in Shanxi Children's Hospital. Diarrheagenic E. coli and enteropathogenic bacteria were isolated and identified by conventional bacterial culture and typing specific diarrheagenic E. coli (EPEC, EIEC, ETEC and EHEC) diagnostic serum, while diarrheagenic E. coli harboring genomic 01-28 containing five putative virulence genes (Z0608, Z0609, Z0615, Z0634 and Z0635) were detected by PCR and DNA southern blot hybridization.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>206 strains (80.16%) of enteropathogenic bacteria were detected from 257 children with diarrhea disease, containing 149 strains (57.98%) of diarrheagenic E. coli and 57 strains(22.18%) of other entero-pathogenic bacteria. Among 3 strains (2.01%) of EPEC, 2 strains (1.34%) of ETEC, 2 strains (1.34%) EHEC were detected by typing specific serum, while all of the 142 strains (95.30%) isolated were suspected to be diarrheagenic E. coli. 21 strains (14.09%) of diarrheagenic E. coil harboring genomic O1-28 containing five putative virulence genes (Z0608, Z0609, Z0615, Z0634 and Z0635) were detected by polymerase chain reaction and DNA southen blot hybridization, 8 strains (5.37%) of diarrheagenic E. coli containing only one genomic OI-28 virulence gene, 2 strains (1.34%) of diarrheagenic E. coli containing two genomic OI-28 virulence gene. 21 children with diarrhea diseases caused OI-28-harboring E. coli containing five important putative virulence genes were among 0 to 3 years old (80.95%). These children correlating with OI-28-harboring E. coli did not present special clinical symptoms or signs.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The diarrheagenic E. coil harboring genomic OI-28 was one of the important etiology for children with diarrheal disease in summer season.</p>

Clinical value of CK34BE12 combining the expression of protein P53 gene and prostate specific antigen for the differential diagnosis of prostate carcinoma / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To improve the level of clinical diagnosis and differential diagnosis of benign and malignant prostate lesions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and nine cases of prostate cancer and prostate hyperplasia were evaluated by the expression of high molecular weight cytokeratin (CK34BE12), prostate specific antigen (PSA) and protein P53 gene using the immunohistochemical technique.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The basal-cells in all of the benign lesions were stained with the CK34BE12 and PSA, while it had not immunoreactivity with P53. In contrast, the prostate carcinoma were not stained or partly stained with the CK34BE12 and PSA, but P53 show significant immunoreactivity with the tissue.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Based on the routine histological studies with the expression of CK34BE12 and PSA together, they can indicate the existence of basal-cell distinctly and show indirectly whether the basal-cell is integrated. Combining the expression of P53 to determine the existence of cancer gene, it can help to distinguish benign and malignant prostate lesions.</p>

A comparison of human papillomavirus detection and ThinPrep cytology test for women in Guangdong province / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the etiological significance of human papillomavirus (HPV) in cervical cancer and the clinical utility of HPV detection in cervical cancer screening.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Hybrid capture II test was used to detect 13 high-risk HPV genotypes from cervical scrapes of 2636 women. Cervical cytology was also evaluated in 454 of them by ThinPrep Pap smear.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among 2636 women, 699 (26.5%) were found to be high-risk HPV positive. The highest infection rate (59.4%) was found in the age group of < or = 20 years and the lowest infection rate in the age group of 41 approximately 50 years (21.0%). Significant differences in HPV infection rate were found between different cities in Guangdong province, such as those between Xinhui and Guangzhou, Xinhui and Shenzhen, Xinhui and Dongguan (P < 0.01). Fifteen out of 16 women (93.8%) with cervical carcinoma were infected with high-risk HPV versus 24 out of 125 women (19.2%) attending routine cervical cancer screening (P < 0.001). The HPV infection rate was 30.8% (142 out of 461) in women with cervical erosion, which was significantly lower than that in patients with cervical carcinoma (P < 0.001). HPV DNA were detected in 100% (2/2) of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 100% (12/12) high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), 88.9% (16/18) of low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) and 37.8% (28/74) of atypical squamous cells (ASC).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>High-risk HPV genotypes are the major causes of cervical cancers and HPV detection is a reliable adjuvant tool for cervical cancer screening.</p>

Association of vitamin D receptor gene Apa I polymorphism with vitamin D deficiency rickets / 中华儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the association between vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene Apa I polymorphism and vitamin D deficiency rickets in children of Shanxi Han ethnic group, and to explore the significance of individual hereditary factors in the development of rickets.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This was a case control study. The grouping criteria were serum 25(OH)D(3) level, blood bone alkaline phosphatase and clinical symptom, respectively. The laboratory test methods were enzyme linked immunoassay and radioimmunoassay. PCR-RFLP technology was applied to examine VDR gene Apa I site polymorphism and Hardy-Weinberg hereditary balance test was used to examine the coincidence of gene distribution.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Frequencies of AA, Aa and aa genotypes were 5.0%, 52.5% and 42.5% in the rickets group and 4.4%, 55.9% and 39.7% in the control group, respectively. Frequencies of A and a genotypes were 31.3% and 68.7% in the rickets group and 32.3% and 67.7% in the control group, respectively. There was not significant difference in the frequency distribution of VDR genotype and allelic genes between two groups (chi(2) = 0.089, P > 0.05; chi(2) = 0.028, P > 0.05). There was significant difference in the serum 25(OH)D(3) between two groups (t = -8.919, P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The distribution of VDR gene Apa I polymorphism in children of Han ethnic group is balanced relatively. The Frequency of a allelic genes is 67.7% which is therefore the superior gene. VDR gene polymorphism might not be important in an individual's susceptibility to development of vitamin D deficiency.</p>

Analysis of Trace Elements in Blood of 312 Children with Rachitis in Qingdao / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between trace elements and rachitis in children.Methods Three hundred and twelve patients with rachitis and 297 healthy children were selected for this study.Blood zinc(Zn),iron(Fe),plasma copper(Cu),calcium(Ca),magnesium(Mg),lead(Pb) and cadmium(Cd) were assayed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer.Results The levels of Zn,Fe,Cu of rachitis in blood were significantly lower than those of healthy children,while the levels of Mg,Pb were higher.There were significant differences between 2 groups(P

Significance of Changes of Serum Levels and Ratios of Matrix Nephritis Metalloproteinase-2,-9 and Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 in Children with Henoch-Schonlein Purpura Nephristis / 实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To explore the effect of levels and ratios of matrix nephritis metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2), -9 and inhibitor of metalloproeinase-1(TIMP-1) in the pathogenesis of children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis(HSPN),and the correlation between them and urinary micro albumin(MA).Methods Serum levels of MMP-2, -9 and TIMP-1 were determined by double antibody enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and urine MA was determined by immune rate nephelometry in 36 children with HSPN,16 children with simple purpura and 30 healthy controls.Results Levels of MMP-2, -9,TIMP-1 and ratios of MMP-2/ TIMP-1,MMP-9/TIMP-1 rose in acute phase of HSPN. The levels and ratios in HSPN group were higher than those in simple purpura group,and those in simple purpura group higher than those in controls (P