Long-term outcomes of intravascular ultrasound-guided drug-eluting stent implantation in patients with chronic kidney disease: ULTIMATE CKD subgroup analysis / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective: To explore the long-term effect of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) guidance on patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation. Methods: Data used in this study derived from ULTIMATE trial, which was a prospective, multicenter, randomized study. From August 2014 to May 2017, 1 448 patients with coronary heart disease undergoing DES implantation were selected from 8 domestic centers and randomly divided into two groups in the ratio of 1∶1 (IVUS or coronary angiography guided stent implantation). A total of 1 443 patients with the baseline serum creatine available were enrolled. The patients were divided into CKD group and non CKD group. CKD was defined as the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) derived from Cockcroft Gault (CG) formula< 60 ml·min-1·1.73 m-2 for at least 3 months. Primary endpoint of this study was target vessel failure (TVF) at 3 years, including cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction, and clinically-driven target vessel revascularization. Kaplan Meier method was used for survival analysis, and log rank test was used to compare the occurrence of end-point events in each group. Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate HR and 95%CI, and interaction was tested. Multivariate Cox regression was used to analyze the independent influencing factors of TVF. Results: A total of 1 443 patients with coronary heart disease were enrolled in this study, including 349 (24.2%) patients in CKD group and 1 094 patients in non CKD group. In CKD group, IVUS was used to guide stent implantation in 180 cases and angiography was used in 169 cases; in non CKD group, IVUS was used to guide stent implantation in 543 cases and angiography was used in 551 cases. Three-year clinical follow-up was available in 1 418 patients (98.3%). The incidence of TVF in CKD group was 12.0% (42/349), which was higher than that in non CKD group (7.4% (81/1 094) (P = 0.01). The difference was mainly due to the higher cardiac mortality in CKD group (4.6% (16/349) vs. 1.5% (16/1094), P<0.001). In CKD group, the incidence of TVF in patients who underwent IVUS guided stent implantation was lower than that in angiography guided stent implantation (8.3% (15/180) vs. 16.0% (27/169), P = 0.03). There was no significant difference in the incidence of TVF between IVUS guided stent implantation and angiography guided stent implantation in non CKD group (5.9% (32/543) vs. 8.9% (49/551), P = 0.06), and there was no interaction (P = 0.47). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that IVUS guidance (HR = 0.56, 95%CI 0.39-0.81, P = 0.002), CKD (HR = 1.83, 95%CI 1.17-2.87, P = 0.010) and stent length (every 10 mm increase) (HR = 1.11, 95%CI 1.04-1.19, P = 0.002) were independent risk factors for TVF within 3 years after DES implantation. Conclusions: CKD patients undergoing DES implantation are associated with a higher risk of 3-year TVF. More importantly, the risk of TVF could be significantly decreased through IVUS guidance in comparison with angiography guidance in patients with CKD.

Minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis for Neer three-part fractures of proximal humerus in young adults / 中华创伤骨科杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO) in the treatment of Neer three-part fractures of the proximal humerus in young adults. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed of the 46 patients aged 0. 05 ) . The MIPPO group reported significantly shorter operation time ( 105 ± 15 min ) , significantly less intraoperative bleeding ( 140 ± 50 mL ) , significantly shorter fracture healing time ( 4. 2 ± 0. 6 months ) , and significantly higher shoulder Neer scores ( 88. 6 ± 3. 4 ) than the ORIF group ( 120 ± 20 min, 320 ± 40 mL, 5. 4 ± 1. 2 months, and 81. 6 ± 2. 2, respectively ) ( P 0. 05 ) . Conclusion MIPPO with LPHP may be obviously advantageous over ORIF with LPHP in the treatment of proximal humeral fractures in young adults.

Anterior decompression and fusion with n-HA/PA66 cage for the treatment of lower cervical fracture and dislocation / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical effects of anterior decompression and fusion with a nano-hydroxyapatite/ polyamide 66 (n-HA/PA66) cage in treating lower cervical fracture and dislocation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From January 2008 to December 2010, the clinical data of 42 patients with lower cervical fracture and dislocation were retrospectively analyzed. There were 29 males and 13 females aged from 20 to 65 years old. The mean age was 46.8 years. Five cases got injuried in C3, 14 cases in C4, 12 cases in C5, 7 cases in C6 and 4 cases in C7. According to Frankel grade, 4 cases were classified in grade A, 11 cases in grade B, 13 cases in grade C, 9 cases in grade D and 5 cases in grade F. Twenty-eight cases were treated with anterior corpectomy and fusion and 14 cases with anterior discectomy and fusion. Frankel grade was used to do neurologic assessment and visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to evaluate the improvement of clinical symptoms. Segmental height and sagittal lordosis were measured by radiographs and cage location. Cage appearance and fusion status were assessed by 3D-CT images.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All patients were followed up for 3 to 5.2 years with an average of 4.1 years. Frankel grade had obviously improved than preoperative (Z = -4.845, P < 0.001). There were 2, 3, 11, 8, 11 cases classified in grade A, grade B, grade C, grade D and grade E respectively. At the third day after operation and latest follow-up,VAS was (2.6 +/- 1.8),(1.3 +/- 1.0) scores respectively. Both had improved than preoperative (P < 0.05). Up to the latest follow-up, there was only one patient (2.4%) with slight cage translocation (less than 2 mm), however, no cage prolapsed, or collapse, or breakage were found. Both segmental height and lordosis improved significantly after surgery (P < 0.001). And there was not significant difference in both parameters between each postoperative time points (P > 0.05). The mean distance of cage subsidence was 1.5 mm and the rate of cage subsidence (> 3 mm) was 4.8%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The n-HA/PA66 cage can not only restore and maintain the fusion segmental height and radian, but also promote the osseous fusion and profit the radiographic assessment after operation. Thus, it was an ideal material for prop graft.</p>

Effects of Ac-SDKP on angiotensin II-induced collagen synthesis in vascular adventitial fibroblasts / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the effect of an anti-fibrotic tetra peptide Ac-SDKP on vascular fibrosis by regulating extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK1/2) activity through Ang II.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rat vascular adventitial fibroblasts were cultured in vitro. They were randomly divided into control group, Ang II (10(-6) mmol/L) group, Ang II and Ac-SDKP joint action group, PD98059 group. Type I, III collagen contents in adventitia fibroblasts were measured by RT-PCR and the expressions of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2) and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) were determined by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Ac-SDKP could reduced Ang II-induced expression of type I, III collagen secretion and TGF-beta1 at mRNA,and increase MMP-2 expression, PD98059 could inhibit the above effect.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results suggested that Ac-SDKP could inhibit the formation and development of vascular fibrosis through blocking ERK1/2 pathway mediated by Ang II. Ac-SDKP therefore served as an antifibrotic factor in vascular fibrosis.</p>

Application of n-HA/PA66 composite artificial vertebral body in anterior reconstruction of lower cervical spine fracture and dislocation / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To initially evaluate the application of artificial vertebra of n-HA/PA66 in anterior reconstruction of lower cervical spine fracture and dislocation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In this study, 84 patients with lower cervical spine fracture and dislocation received anterior cervical discectomy, spinal canal decompression or subtotal corpectomy, spinal canal decompression and reconstruction by n-HA/PA66 composite artificial vertebral body combined with plate instrumentation. Neurological function was followed up by improvement rate of Frankel and situations of the supporting body was observed by X ray and 3D-CT in 3, 12, 24 months postoperatively. The intervertebral height, physical arc (reflected by Cobb angle) and the locations and fusion rate of the supporting body were assessed in order to evaluate the stability of the cervical spine and alignment improvements.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All the patients underwent operation successfully and were followed up for 6 to 24 months with an average of 12 months. The preoperative symptoms were improved to varying degrees. Imaging studies showed that in all cases graft fusion were achieved, and cervical alignments, intervertebral height, cervical spine stability and the locations of the artificial vertebral body were well maintained. No displacement and subsidence of the artificial vertebral body occurred. Postoperative immediate intervertebral height (2.4 ± 0.2) cm, preoperative intervertebral height (1.9 ± 0.1) cm, comparisons of the two groups was statistically significant (q = 2.48, P < 0.001). The immediate, 3 month, 1 year, 2 year period follow-up group intervertebral height was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Preoperative Cobb angle was 9.8° ± 1.2°, postoperative immediate Cobb angle was 16.6° ± 1.2°, comparisons of the two groups was statistically significant (q = 14.25, P < 0.001). The immediate, 3 month, 1 year, 2 year period follow-up group Cobb angle was not statistically significant (P > 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>n-HA/PA66 artificial vertebral body can provide early cervical spine support and stability and effectively maintain the biological alignment and cervical intervertebral height. It has high rate of graft fusion and is convenient to observe by X-ray. Therefore, n-HA/PA66 can be taken as an ideal graft for anterior lower cervical spine fracture and dislocation operation, but further follow-up study is still required to evaluate the long-term effects.</p>

Percutaneous screw fixation for pelvic fractures with fluoroscopy-based navigation / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the applications of fluoroscopy-based navigation in pelvic fractures and related surgical considerations.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From May 2010 to December, 16 patients with pelvic fractures were treated with computerized navigation. There were 12 males and 4 females with an average age of 37 years (ranged from 20 to 54 years). Fractures were caused by traffic accident in 5 cases, crush injury in 5 cases and falling from height in 6 cases. Based on the Tile classification, there were 15 cases of Tile C type and 1 case of Tile B type. In these patients, 4 patients were treated with sacroiliac screw fixation; 2 patients were treated with sacroiliac screw fixation, screw fixation for pubic symphysis diastasis and pubic fractures; 8 patients were treated with sacroiliac screw fixation and screw fixation for pubic fractures; 2 patients were treated with screw fixation for pubic fractures. The index such as screw inserting time, accurance of inserting screws, intra-operative blood losing, injuries of nerve, vascular and other organs, reduction conditions were observed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 36 screws were inserted. The average time was 20 min for each screw placement. The blood loss ranged from 10 to 20 ml. There were no wound infections, neurovascualr injuries and other organ injuries. The postoperative pelvic X-ray and three-dimensional CT showed that the fractures had good reduction and all the screws had good position.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Percutaneous screw fixation of pelvic fractures with fluoroscopy-based navigation have advantages such as little trauma, less blood loss, little complication, reliable fixation and no blood transfusion, which can reconstruct the stability of the pelvic ring, but need adequate preoperative reperation and high requirements for the surgeon.</p>

Nicotine regulates large conductance ca2+ activated K+ channels in rat coronary arterial smooth muscle cells / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The present study was to explore signaling mechanisms underlying nicotine-induced inhibition of large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (BK(Ca)).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>8 week male Wistar rats were divided randomly into saline group and nicotine group and received respectively injection with saline or nicotine (Sigma, Shanghai, China) at 2 mg/(kg x d) for 21 days. Coronary vascular smooth muscle cells were dissociated enzymatically. Dissociated smooth muscle cells were interfered with CPT-cAMP (100 micromol/L) or forskolin (10 micromol/L). The signal channel open dwell-time (To), close dwell-time (Tc) and open probability (Po) were recorded.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>CPT-cAMP or forskolin significantly prolonged To, shorten Tc and increased Po in saline group (P < 0.01). But in nicotine group To, Tc and Po did not been changed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This phenomenon may serve as a physiological mechanism that nicotine inhibits BK(Ca) channel activity to increase via cAMP/PKA-dependent pathway.</p>

Clinical application and value of 3 Tesla contrast enhanced whole-heart coronary magnetic resonance angiography / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical application, feasibility and value of 3 T whole-heart contrast enhanced free-breathing navigator-gated three-dimensional coronary magnetic resonance angiography (CE-CMRA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>3 T CE-CMRA was used to examine patients with suspected coronary heart disease (CAD). Gd-BOPTA (0.2 mmol/kg) was injected intravenously with slow infusion rate (0.3 ml/s) to perform enhancement. Data were post-processed to obtain principal branches of coronary artery and picture quality was evaluated. According to results of selective coronary arteriography (SCAG), the diagnostic accuracy of CE-CMRA for diagnosing CAD was judged by means of detecting significant stenosis (> 50%) of the principal branches based on the 9 segments of coronary artery.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Twenty-three out of 26 patients successfully completed the examination. The mean scanning time was (10.4 ± 2.1) minutes, 178 out of 202 (88.1%) SCAG demonstrated segments could be evaluated by CE-CMRA. The imaging quality was superior in proximal and middle segments of coronary artery principal branches than in distal segments. Based on patient-level, there were 9 positive cases and 14 negative cases examined by CE-CMRA compared with 11 positive cases and 12 negative cases examined by SCAG, respectively. The whole diagnose accordance rate of CE-CMRA was 91.3% (21/23) compared with SCAG. The sensitivity, specificity and negative predictive values were 81.8% (9/11), 88.5% (169/191) and 98.8% (9/31) respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>3 T CE-CMRA is a feasible non-invasive imaging modality for diagnosing CAD, especially to detect significant stenosis in proximal and middle segments of coronary artery principal branches. However, the detecting efficacy is limited in assessing stenosis of distal segment and small branches of coronary artery.</p>

Association between delayed enhancement on cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and arrhythmia in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>to observe the association between myocardial fibrosis, detected by delayed-enhancement (DE) cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and arrhythmia in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>forty-eight untreated HCM patients who underwent Cine MR, DE-MRI, 24 h ambulatory Holter electrocardiogram and ECG examinations were recruited. Extent of myocardial fibrosis (fibrosis mass/total LV mass) was assessed using DE imaging. Association between arrhythmias including premature ventricular complexes (PVCS ≥ 200), supra-ventricular tachycardia (SVT), non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (NSVT), atrio-ventricular block (AVB) and intra-ventricular block (IVB) detected by Holter monitoring and ECG with regard to delayed enhancement (DE) on contrast enhanced CMR was analyzed.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>myocardial fibrosis was detected in 35 patients. Incidence of arrhythmia was significantly higher in patients with DE than in patients without DE (P < 0.05). Extent of myocardial fibrosis was significantly associated with the QRS duration (r = 0.33, P < 0.001).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>myocardial fibrosis detected by DE-CMR was associated with arrhythmia in patients with HCM. DE-CMR might be helpful to detect high-risk HCM patients prone to arrhythmia.</p>

Changes of BKCa during aging and its correlation with blood pressure / 中国应用生理学杂志

<p><b>AIM</b>To investigate the changes of large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (BKCa, MaxiK) during aging and relations between the changes and blood pressure.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) aged 9, 15, 21, 27, 33 weeks (the number of each weeks SHR was 4) were selected as hypertension group rats, corresponding gender, weeks and number Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) as control group rats. Blood pressure of abdominalis aorta of each weeks SHR and WKY were measured by BL-420F experimental system of biological function. The arteria mesenteric minor (AMM) were isolated in blunt dissection method. The vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of AMM were isolated with prolease. The potassium current, the current after BKCa were blockaded by Tetraethylammonium (TEA) and the capacitance of membrane (Cm) of VSMCs of AMM were recorded with using whole cell patch clamp, and calculated the BKCa current and the BKCa current density. Probe the correlation of the changes of BKCa current density with MABP during aging.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The potassium current density and BKCa current density of VSMCs of AMM of SHR were decreasing during aging, however, the changes of WKY had no statistically significance (P > 0.05). The BKCa current density was extremely correlative with MABP in SH R (the values of r were -0.7174), in WKY, the BKCa current density was correlative with MAB P r = -0.4832.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>BKCa current and current density attenuate with aging, the level of blood pressure is response of the attenuated degree. The BKCa current density is extremely correlative with the blood pressure.</p>

Expression of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in myocardial cells after Macleaya cordata alkaloids poisoning in rats / 法医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in rat's myocardial cells after Macleaya cordata alkaloids poisoning, and to provide certain molecular biology references for the detection of Macleaya cordata alkaloids poisoning.@*METHODS@#Experimental model of Macleaya cordata alkaloids poisoning was established, the expression levels of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in these cells were detected by immunohistochemistry, and the results were analyzed by computer image system.@*RESULTS@#The expression levels of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins in myocardial cells in poisoning groups were much greater than those in the control groups (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#If the clinical symptoms may not be obvious, the detection of Bcl-2 and Bax proteins level by immunohistochemistry still could be ancillary method.

The crush syndrome patients combined with kidney failure after Wenchuan earthquake / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To retrospectively analysis the treatment characteristics of the systemic situation in patients with crush syndrome after Wenchuan earthquake happened in May 12th, 2008.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Forty-nine patients with crush syndrome and subsequent acute renal failure (ARF) due to the earthquake were treated in West China Hospital. All of patients had been rescued from buildings that collapsed in Wenchuan earthquake. The major associated injuries were in the low extremities and upper extremities. 49 patients developed ARF with increased concentrations of serum creatinine (mean 64 022 U/L) had underwent haemodialysis. Hyperkalaemia was seen in 9 patients and four of them underwent haemodialysis. 49 patients were administered hemodialysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>No patient died. All patients who suffered from the ARF were weaned from hemodialysis after admitted 7 to 35 days. Forty-five extremities underwent amputations and 52 extremities had fasciotomy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Crush syndrome requires urgent recognition and prompt surgical treatment with simultaneous measures to control hyperkalemia and ARF. The authors believe that immediate intensive care therapy and multi-subjective coordination would have improved the survival rate.</p>

Better performance of Western blotting: quick vs slow protein transfer, blotting membranes and the visualization methods / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study how the choices of the quick vs slow protein transfer, the blotting membranes and the visualization methods influence the performance of Western blotting.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The cellular proteins were abstracted from human breast cell line MDA-MB-231 for analysis with Western blotting using quick (2 h) and slow (overnight) protein transfer, different blotting membranes (nitrocellulose, PVDF and nylon membranes) and different visualization methods (ECL and DAB).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In Western blotting with slow and quick protein transfer, the prestained marker presented more distinct bands on nitrocellulose membrane than on the nylon and PVDF membranes, and the latter also showed clear bands on the back of the membrane to very likely cause confusion, which did not occur with nitrocellulose membrane. PVDF membrane allowed slightly clearer visualization of the proteins with DAB method as compared with nitrocellulose and nylon membranes, and on the latter two membranes, quick protein transfer was likely to result in somehow irregular bands in comparison with slow protein transfer. With slow protein transfer and chemiluminescence for visualization, all the 3 membranes showed clear background, while with quick protein transfer, nylon membrane gave rise to obvious background noise but the other two membranes did not.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Different membranes should be selected for immunoblotting according to the actual needs of the experiment. Slow transfer of the proteins onto the membranes often has better effect than quick transfer, and enhanced chemiluminescence is superior to DAB for protein visualization and allows highly specific and sensitive analysis of the protein expressions.</p>

Application value of magnetic resonance sequences in diagnosis of early spinal metastatic tumor / 中国医学科学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical value of different magnetic resonance (MR) pulse sequences in diagnosis of spinal metastatic tumor.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifteen patients with clinically suspected spinal metastatic tumor were included in this study. These patients were with documented primary tumors. Four MR pulse sequences, T1-weighted spin echo (T1WI SE), T2-weighted fast spin echo (T2WI FSE), short time inversion recovery (STIR), and gradient echo 2-D multi echo data imaging combination (GE Me-2D) were used to detect spinal metastasis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Fifteen vertebral bodies were entire involvement, 38 vertebral bodies were section involvement, and totally 53 vertebral bodies were involved. There were 19 focal infections in pedicle of vertebral arch, 15 metastases in spinous process and transverse process. Fifty-three vertebral bodies were abnormal in T1 WI SE and GE Me-2D, 35 vertebral bodies were found abnormal in T2WI FSE, and 50 vertebral bodies were found abnormal in STIR. The verges of focal signal of involved vertebral bodies were comparatively clear in T1WI SE, comparatively clear or vague in T2WI FSE, vague in STIR, and clear in GE Me-2D.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>GE Me-2D may be the most sensitive technique to detect metastases. So three sequences (T1WI SE, T2WI FSE, GE Me-2D) can demonstrate the early changes of spinal metastasis roundly.</p>

Study on the regulatory effect of electro-acupuncture on hegu point (LI4) in cerebral response with functional magnetic resonance imaging / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study, through blood oxygen level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD fMRI), the cerebral activated areas evoked by electro-acupuncturing (EA) the right Hegu point (L14) or non-acupoint points on the face, and through comparing their similarities and differences, to speculate on the specific cerebral areas activated by stimulating L14, for exploring the mechanism of its effect in potential clinical application.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>EA was applied at volunteers' right L14 (of 9 subjects in the L14 group) and facial non-acupoint points (of 5 subjects in the control group), and whole brain 3-dimensional T1 anatomical imaging of high resolution 1 x 1 x 1 mm(3) used was performed with clustered stimulatory mode adopted by BOLD fMRI. Pretreatment and statistical t-test were conducted on the data by SPM2 software, then the statistical parameters were superimposed to the 3-dimensional anatomical imaging.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Data from 3 testees of the 9 subjects in the L14 group were given up eventually because they were unfit to the demand due to different causes such as movement of patients' location or machinery factors. Statistical analysis showed that signal activation or deactivation was found in multiple cerebral areas in 6 subjects of L14 group and 5 subjects of the control group (P<0.01). In the L14 group, the areas which showed signal activation were: midline nuclear group of thalamus, left supra marginal gyrus, left supra temporal gyrus, right precuneous lobe, bilateral temporal pole, left precentral gyrus and left cerebellum; those which showed signal deactivation were: bilateral hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, amygdala body area, rostral side/ audal side of cingulate gyrus, prefrontal lobe and occipital lobe as well as left infratemporal gyrus. In the control group, areas which showed signal activation were: bilateral frontal lobe, postcentral gyrus, Reil's island lobe, primary somato-sensory cortex, cingulate gyrus, superior temporal gyrus, occipital cuneiform gyrus and/or precuneus gyrus and right brainstem; and the area that showed deactivation was left median frontal lobe.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The effects of EA L14 in regulating cerebral activities could be displayed and recorded through BOLD fMRI, the distribution of signally deactivated area evoked by EA L14 was similar to the known distribution of anatomical orientation of pain in brain, and closely related to the anatomic structure of limbic system, which areas are possibly the acupuncture analgesic effect's cerebral regulating area. Furthermore, activated portion of left central anterior gyrus, which represent the movement of oral facial muscles, and the activated portion of cerebellum are possibly related with the effect of using EA L14 in treating facial palsy and facial muscle spasm. As for the mechanism of signal deactivation of cerebral activities exhibited in the present study that is unable to be elucidated, it awaits for further research.</p>

Multi-slice spiral CT imaging in the post-operative assessment of cochlear implanted electrode / 中国医学科学院学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the usefulness of multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT) in the post-operative assessment of cochlear implanted electrode.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-three cochlear implant recipients were enrolled in this study. All patients were examined with a SOMATOM Sensation 16-slice CT scanner (Siemens) using the following parameters: 120 kV, 100 mAs, 0. 75 mm collimation, 1 mm reconstruction slice thickness and increment, a pitch factor of 1, and a FOV of 100 mm. The axial images of interested ears were reconstructed with 0.1 mm increment and a FOV of 50 mm, and then volume rendering technique (VRT) reconstruction were done on the work station.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The electrode arrays were detected on axial CT images. Both inner ear and electrode array could be displayed on one image simultaneously. VRT provided an intuitionistic view of the relationship between electrode array and cochlea VRT showed the number of the electrode array in 20 patients implanted with Combi 40 + standard electrode array and demonstrated the shape, position, and insertion depth. The electrode array number determined by VRT was in accordance with the surgical findings in 18 patients, and was underestimated in two patients. In 3 patients with Combi 40 + compressed electrode array, only 4 to 5 electrodes arrays were clearly identified and others were not observed.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MSCT with VRT can provide useful three-dimensional information of the electrode array and indicate the exact relationship between electrode array and cochlea.</p>

Investigation of Mild Hypothermia Treatment on Severe Traumatie Brain Injuries / 医学研究杂志

Objective To explore the prognosis of mild hypothermia treatment in cases of severe traumatic brain injuries(sTBI),improve the knowledge of mild hypothermia treatment on brain injuries.Methods Cases were divided into 2 groups:mild hypothermia treatment group and control group.Mild hypothermia was applied to the cases of sTBI in mild hypothermia group.The prognosis was divided into five grades such as good recovery(GR),moderate disability(MD),severe disability(SD),persisted vegetative state(PVS)and death(D).Results In mild hypothermia group,there were 20 GR cases,5 MD,2 SD and 3 D cases,while in control group,there were 14 GR cases,9 MD,4 SD and 3 D cases.Conclusion Mild hypothermia treatment can improve the prognosis of sTBI.

Applications of magnetic resonance imaging in diagnosis of the complications after breast augmentation with polyacrylamide hydrogel injection / 中华整形外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the clinical value of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in the diagnosis of the complications after breast augmentation with polyacrylamide hydrogel injection.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>MRI was performed in 16 patients who had breast augmentation with polyacrylamide hydrogel injection. The results of magnetic resonance imaging were compared with the clinical symptoms.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>MRI examinations of the 16 patients showed that (1) 4 breasts in 2 patients were comparatively natural; (2) a large lacteal cyst was detected in one patients in lactation; (3) breast asymmetry occurred in 3 patients (6 sides); (4) in 10 patients (20 sides), the injected gel was in irregular form. The results of MRI were in accord with the clinical symptoms.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>MRI is of great diagnostic value for the complications after breast augmentation with polyacrylamide hydrogel injection.</p>

The MRI study of the sphincter muscle complex in congenital anorectal malformations / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To evaluate the development of the sphincter muscle complex(SMC)and defecation function in pediatric patients with congenital anorectal malformations(ARM).Methods A total of 64 children underwent MRI,among whom 39 were patients with ARM,and the others were patients without ARM undergoing MRI because of other dieases.The dimensions of the SMC in different planes were evaluated with different sequences and coils.The relationship between the SMC development and the defecation function was investigated.Results In control group,the absolute value of SMC width was (3.63?0.22)mm,which had a high correlation with age(r=0.998,P0.05).The SMCs in intermediate ARM patients[muscle index(MI)=0.47?0.05]and low ARM patients(MI=0.49? 0.05)were well developed.The SMCs in a portion of patients with high ARM(MI=0.28?0.06)were poorly developed,when MI≤0.18,anorectal contraction pressurewas significantly lower(t=3.55, P0.18[(0.85?0.20)vs(2.24?1.02)kPa].The length of anal canal with high-pressure[(10.88?3.64)vs(20.26?4.34)mm]was shorter(t=5.18,P0.18,the anorectal angle was less than 90 degrees,and normal continent function was found in 21 of 23 cases(91%).Conclusion MRI can be employed to evaluate the development of SMC in patients with ARM,MI was an objective criteria to evaluate the development of SMC.When MI≤0.18, maldevelopment of SMC will be highly suspected.

Prelimilary experimental study of manganese enhanced-functional MR imaging on cat model about acute epilepsy caused by pentylenetetrazol / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To explore the activated brain region of acute epilepsy in cat model induced by pentylenetetrazol(FFZ)with manganese enhanced-functional MR imaging(ME-fMRI),and evaluate the application of ME-fMRI on localization of the activated brain.Methods Forty cats were divided into 4 groups by random number table method as epileptic A and B groups as well as control A and B groups. Cats of epileptic groups were injected with PTZ(55 mg/kg)intramuscularly,and those of control groups were injected with the saline at same dose.The behavior change in the epileptic and control group A was observed and electroencephalogram(EEG)was also undertaken.Cats of epileptic and control group B were performed ME-fMRI,and the percentage of the enhanced signal intensity was then calculated.Results After injection with PTZ(55 mg/kg)intramuscularly,epileptic seizure was all evoked,and then EEG recording showed spike-wave and polyspike-wave complexes.The neocortex of cats of epileptic group B was diffusely phanero-enhanced on ME-fMRI.The percent enhancement of signal intensity in cortex of frontal lobe,parietal lobe and occipital lobe was(34.6?5.7)% and that in cortex of temporal lobe with(22.9? 6.5)%,whereas those of control group B with(14.9?4.5)% and(11.6?3.2)% respectively.And there was significant difference between the above different localization of the brain in the two groups (t=-10.43,-5.46 respectively,P