A case-control study on the association between a healthy lifestyle and obesity among adult twins in Shanghai / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To investigate the associations between the numbers of healthy lifestyles and overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity in adult twins in Shanghai. Methods: Based on the Shanghai Twin Registry System Phase Ⅱ survey data in 2017-2018, a case-control study was conducted to analyze the association between healthy lifestyles and obesity and further adjusted for confounders by a co-twin control study. Results: A total of 7 864 adult twins (3 932 pairs) were included. In the co-twin case-control analysis for monozygotic twins, compared with participants with 0 to 2 healthy lifestyles, those with 3 and 4 to 5 healthy lifestyles had a 49% (OR=0.51, 95%CI: 0.28-0.93) and 70% (OR=0.30, 95%CI: 0.13-0.69) lower risk of overweight/obesity, respectively, and a 17% (OR=0.83, 95%CI: 0.44-1.57) and 66% (OR=0.34, 95%CI: 0.14-0.80) lower risk of abdominal obesity, respectively. For each additional healthy lifestyle, the risk of developing overweight/obesity was reduced by 41% (OR=0.59, 95%CI: 0.42-0.85), and the risk of developing abdominal obesity was reduced by 37% (OR=0.63, 95%CI: 0.44-0.90). Conclusion: An increasing number of healthy lifestyles was associated with a marked decreased risk for both overweight/obesity and abdominal obesity.

The advances of allergen component detection in IgE-mediated food allergy / 中华预防医学杂志

There are many types in food allergy, and the most common is mediated by IgE. Currently, the diagnosis of food allergy mainly relied on skin prick test and serum specific IgE of allergen extract, which can not identify cross-sensitization. Component-resolved diagnosis (CRD) can identify the major allergen components and cross-components of food allergens, which plays an important role in dietary guidance, prognosis monitoring and diagnosis of special types of IgE-mediated food allergy. This article enumerates clinical characteristics of the IgE-mediated common food allergies, such as milk, egg and seafood allergy, and special type of food allergy, such as cat pork syndrome, oral allergy syndrome, α-gal syndrome and food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis, summarizes the advances of CRD in these types of IgE-mediated food allergy, in order to provide an evidence for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of IgE-mediated food allergy.

Mechanism of Didangtang Against Inflammatory Cascade Triggered by Foam Cell Pyroptosis in High-glucose Environment / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the mechanism of Didangtang （DDT） against the inflammatory cascade triggered by foam cell pyroptosis in high-glucose environment. MethodOxidized low density lipoprotein （ox-LDL， 100 mg·L-1） was used to induce pyroptosis of foam cells. The control group （5.5 mmol·L-1 glucose）， foam cell group （100 mg·L-1 ox-LDL）， high-glucose group （33.3 mmol·L-1 glucose）， DDT group （10% DDT-containing serum）， and NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 （NLRP3） inhibitor group （MCC950， 10 nmmol·L-1） were designed. The cell membrane damage was observed by lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） release assay. The expression of cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase-1 （Caspase-1） was detected by immunofluorescence method， and expression of key proteins NLRP3， Caspase-1， gastermin D （GSDMD）， interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， and interleukin-18 （IL-18） in the pyroptosis pathway was determined by Western blot. The release of IL-18 and IL-1β， monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 （MCP-1）， and tumor necrosis factor α （TNF-α） in cell supernatant was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. ResultThe expression of NLRP3， Caspase-1， and GSDMD was up-regulated （P<0.01） and the release of IL-1β， IL-18， MCP-1， IL-1α， and TNF-α was increased （P<0.01） in foam cell group compared with those in the control group. The expression of NLRP3， Caspase-1， and GSDMD was higher （P<0.01） and the release of inflammatory factors was more （P<0.01） in the high-glucose group than in the foam cell group. DDT and MCC950 can inhibit expression of NLRP3， Caspase-1， GSDMD and reduce the release of IL-1β， IL-18， MCP-1， IL-1α， and TNF-α. ConclusionDDT can suppress the pyroptosis of foam cells induced by NLRP3/Caspase-1 pathway in high-glucose environment and thereby alleviate the inflammatory cascade.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging features and clinical characteristics of combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma: comparison with hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma

Purpose@#The purpose of this study was to retrospectively compare the clinical characteristics and imaging features on (CEUS) of combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma (CHC) with those of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CC). @*Methods@#The clinical information and CEUS features of 45 patients with CHC from 2015 to 2019 and 1-to-1-matched control subjects with HCC and CC (45 each) were compared. @*Results@#Simultaneous elevation of α-fetoprotein (AFP) and cancer antigen (CA) 19-9 was more common in CHC than in HCC and CC. In the arterial phase, hyperenhancement (homogeneous and heterogeneous) was more common in CHC (73.3%) and HCC (100%), while peripheral rimlike enhancement was more common in CC (55.6%). In the portal phase, marked washout was significantly more frequent in CHC and CC than in HCC (42.2% and 53.3% vs. 6.7%). In the delayed phase, marked washout was more common in CHC (82.2%) and CC (93.3%) than in HCC (40.0%). The washout time (WT) was much shorter in CHC and CC than in HCC (33.8±13.1 seconds and 30.1±11.6 seconds vs. 58.4±23.5 seconds). Using the combination of simultaneous elevation of AFP and CA 19-9 with marked washout in the delayed phase and a WT <38 seconds or arterial hyperenhancement to differentiate CHC from HCC or CC, the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity were 74.4%, 93.3%, and 55.6% and 71.1%, 80.0%, and 62.2%, respectively. @*Conclusion@#Although some CEUS imaging features of CHC, HCC, and CC overlap, the combination of tumor markers and CEUS features can be helpful in differentiating CHC from HCC and CC.

Early intervention with Di-Dang Decoction prevents macrovascular fibrosis in diabetic rats by regulating the TGF-β1/Smad signalling pathway / 中国天然药物

Macroangiopathy is a complication of Type II Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), which is mainly caused by fibrosis of blood vessels. Using T2DM rat models, we investigated whether the traditional Chinese medicine, Di-Dang Decoction (DDD), exhibited anti-fibrotic actions on great vessels. T2DM rats were randomly divided into non-intervention group, early-, middle-, late-stage DDD intervention groups and control groups, including pioglitazone group and aminoguanidine group. After administration of DDD to T2DM rats at different times, we detected the amount of extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition in the thoracic aorta. The results showed that early-stage intervention with DDD could effectively protect great vessels from ECM deposition. Considering that TGF-β1 is the master regulator of fibrosis, we further validated at the molecular level that, compared to middle- and late-stage intervention with DDD, early-stage intervention with DDD could significantly decrease the expression levels of factors related to the activated TGF-β1/Smad signalling pathway, as well as the expression levels of downstream effectors including CTGF, MMP and TIMP family proteins, which were directly involved in ECM remodelling. Therefore, early-stage intervention with DDD can reduce macrovascular fibrosis and prevent diabetic macroangiopathy.

Risk assessment and genomic characterization of Zika virus in China and its surrounding areas / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Zika virus (ZIKV) has emerged as a global pathogen causing significant public health concerns. China has reported several imported cases where ZIKV were carried by travelers who frequently travel between China and ZIKV-endemic regions. To fully characterize the ZIKV strains isolated from the cases reported in China and assess the risk of ZIKV transmission in China, comprehensive phylogenetic and genetic analyses were performed both on all ZIKV sequences of China and on a group of scientifically selected ZIKV sequences reported in some of the top interested destinations for Chinese travelers.@*METHODS@#ZIKV genomic sequences were retrieved from the National Center for Biotechnology Information database through stratified sampling. Recombination event detection, maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic analysis, molecular clock analysis, selection pressure analysis, and amino acid substitution analysis were used to reconstruct the epidemiology and molecular transmission of ZIKV.@*RESULTS@#The present study investigated 18 ZIKV sequences from China and 70 sequences from 16 selected countries. Recombination events rarely happens in all ZIKV Asian lineage. ZIKV genomes were generally undergone episodic positive selection (17 sites), and only one site was under pervasive positive selection. All ZIKV imported into China were Asian lineage and were assigned into two clusters: Venezuela-origin (cluster A) and Samoa-origin cluster (cluster B) with common ancestor from French Polynesia. The time of most recent common ancestors of Cluster A dated to approximately 2013/11 (95% highest posterior density [HPD] 2013/06, 2014/03) and cluster B dated to 2014/08 (95% HPD 2014/02, 2015/01). Cluster B is more variable than Cluster A in comparison with other clusters, but no varied site of biological significance was revealed. ZIKV strains in Southeast Asia countries are independent from strains in America epidemics.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The genetic evolution of ZIKV is conservative. There are two independent introductions of ZIKV into China and China is in danger of autochthonous transmission of ZIKV because of high-risk surrounding areas. Southeast Asia areas have high risk of originating the next large-scale epidemic ZIKV strains.

Risk assessment and genomic characterization of Zika virus in China and its surrounding areas / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Background@#Zika virus (ZIKV) has emerged as a global pathogen causing significant public health concerns. China has reported several imported cases where ZIKV were carried by travelers who frequently travel between China and ZIKV-endemic regions. To fully characterize the ZIKV strains isolated from the cases reported in China and assess the risk of ZIKV transmission in China, comprehensive phylogenetic and genetic analyses were performed both on all ZIKV sequences of China and on a group of scientifically selected ZIKV sequences reported in some of the top interested destinations for Chinese travelers.@*Methods@#ZIKV genomic sequences were retrieved from the National Center for Biotechnology Information database through stratified sampling. Recombination event detection, maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic analysis, molecular clock analysis, selection pressure analysis, and amino acid substitution analysis were used to reconstruct the epidemiology and molecular transmission of ZIKV.@*Results@#The present study investigated 18 ZIKV sequences from China and 70 sequences from 16 selected countries. Recombination events rarely happens in all ZIKV Asian lineage. ZIKV genomes were generally undergone episodic positive selection (17 sites), and only one site was under pervasive positive selection. All ZIKV imported into China were Asian lineage and were assigned into two clusters: Venezuela-origin (cluster A) and Samoa-origin cluster (cluster B) with common ancestor from French Polynesia. The time of most recent common ancestors of Cluster A dated to approximately 2013/11 (95% highest posterior density [HPD] 2013/06, 2014/03) and cluster B dated to 2014/08 (95% HPD 2014/02, 2015/01). Cluster B is more variable than Cluster A in comparison with other clusters, but no varied site of biological significance was revealed. ZIKV strains in Southeast Asia countries are independent from strains in America epidemics.@*Conclusions@#The genetic evolution of ZIKV is conservative. There are two independent introductions of ZIKV into China and China is in danger of autochthonous transmission of ZIKV because of high-risk surrounding areas. Southeast Asia areas have high risk of originating the next large-scale epidemic ZIKV strains.

Effect of Bushen Zhuangdu Recipe on Mitochondrial Apoptotic Pathway in Degenerative Intervertebral Disc Cells in Rats / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Objective:To explore the mechanism of mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in rat degenerative intervertebral disc cells in improving intervertebral disc degeneration under the action of Bushen Zhuangdu recipe. Method:The 100 SD male rats were randomly divided into blank group, model group, low, medium and high dose Bushen Zhuangdu recipe group (0.38,0.77,1.53 g·kg-1).Histopathological changes of rat intervertebral discs were observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining after 4 weeks of continuous administration of Chinese medicine. The apoptotic rate of nucleus pulposus cells in degenerative intervertebral discs was detected by TUNEL(terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling), and the levels of active Cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinase-3(active Caspase-3), B cell leukemia-2(Bcl-2), cytochrome C (cytC) and Bcl-2-associated X protein(Bax) protein in intervertebral discs were detected by Western blot. Result:Compared with blank group, the histopathological score of intervertebral disc in the model group was significantly increased, the apoptosis rate of nucleus pulposus was significantly increased (PPPPPPConclusion:Bushen Zhuangdu recipe may improve the degeneration of intervertebral disc by reducing the expression of active Caspase-3, cytC and Bax, increasing the expression of Bcl-2 and inhibiting the apoptotic pathway of mitochondria in a dose-dependent manner.

Preparation of dl-tetrahydropalmatine ethosomes and their ex vivo transdermal permeation properties / 中草药

Objective To prepare dl-tetrahydropalmatine (dl-THP) ethosomes (ETS) and elucidate their transdermal absorption properties. Methods Dl-tetrahydropalmatine ethosomes (dl-THP ETS) were prepared by ethanol injection combined with pH-gradient active drug-loading method. Their physicochemical properties including elasticity, vesicle size, morphology and entrapment efficiency were characterized. Franz diffusion cells were used to investigate the ex vivo skin permeation characteristics of the formulation with liposomes (LPS) and tinctures being used as reference preparations. Results According to a preferred formulation of dl-THP ETS [dl-THP 100 mg, vitamin E 1.3 mg, soybean lecithin 1 200 mg, cholesterol 120 mg, absolute ethanol 9 mL and citrate buffered saline (pH 3.0) 21 mL, 0.1 mol/L NaOH solution suitable quantity (to adjust the pH value to 5.5) ], the obtained dl-THP ETS had an elasticity index of (20.1 ± 1.1) mL, an average size of (85.8 ± 0.9) nm with a polydispersity index of (0.082 ± 0.003) and an entrapment efficiency of (81.7 ± 3.2)%. The cumulative permeated drug quantity per unit area (Qn) of dl-THP ETS in 24 h was (2 306.4 ± 592.3) μg/cm2 with no significant difference compared with the Qn of the LPS [(2 434.2 ± 564.4) μg/cm2] (P > 0.05) and about 4 times of that of the tincture [(633.1 ± 218.0) μg/cm2] (P < 0.05). And the averages of RSD of the Qn at each time point were (28.37 ± 10.9)% and (62.83 ± 44.1)% for the ETS and LPS, respectively, indicating that the Qn fluctuation among samples of the ETS was smaller than that of the LPS (P < 0.05). Average correlation coefficients of (0.968 ± 0.033) and (0.882 ± 0.078) (P < 0.05) were obtained for the ETS and LPS respectively when their 24 h permeation curves were fitted to linear relationship, indicating the permeation of the former was closer to zero-order kinetics than that of the latter. Conclusion The dl-THP ETS have a high elasticity, a suitable size, a high entrapment efficiency, and enhanced and stable percutaneous absorption in line with zero-order kinetics.

Evodiamine inhibits growth of Huh7 cells and enhances their sensitivity to TRAIL / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the effects of evodiamine on the growth and apoptosis of human hepatocellular carcinoma Huh7 cells,and to illustrate the molecular mechanism that evodiamine enhances antitumor activity of tumors nec -rosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand(TRAIL)in Huh7 cells.METHODS: The cell viability was measured by MTT assay.The cell cycle distribution was analyzed by flow cytometry.The apoptosis rate was determined by TUNEL stai-ning.The protein levels of cell cycle-and apoptosis-related proteins were detected by Western blot analysis.RESULTS:Treatment of Huh7 cells with evodiamine reduced the cell viability(P<0.05).Evodiamine induced cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase by upregulation of p27,cyclin B1, cell division cycle protein 2(Cdc2)and p-Cdc2.Evodiamine triggered apoptosis accompanied by cleavage of caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase(PARP).Combination of evodiamine with TRAIL significantly reduced the cell viability and increased cleavage of caspase -3 and PARP as compared with the use of each agent alone.Moreover,evodiamine increased the expression of death receptor 5(DR5)in the Huh7 cells.CON-CLUSION:Evodiamine inhibits the cell growth by reducing the cell viability and inducing cell cycle arrest.Evodiamine also triggers cell apoptosis and enhances the sensitivity of Huh 7 cells to TRAIL by upregulating the expression of DR5.

CHK1 inhibitor SCH900776 suppresses proliferation and migration of U251 cells / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To investigate the effect of SCH900776, an inhibitor of checkpoint kinase 1(CHK1), on the proliferation and migration abilities of human glioma U 251 cells.METHODS:The cell viability was detected by MTT assay,and cell proliferation was determined by cell colony formation assay.Cell cycle distribution was analyzed by flow cy-tometry.Wound healing assay was used to determine the cell migration ability.The protein levels were determined by Western blot.RESULTS: SCH900776 inhibited the growth of U251 cells in a dose-dependent manner(P <0.05). SCH900776 treatment substantially induced U251 cell cycle arrest in S and G 2/M phases by decreasing the level of cell di-vision cycle protein 2(Cdc2)and p-Cdc2.Moreover,SCH900776 inhibited the cell migration.Western blot results indi-cated that SCH900776 increased the phosphorylation level of p 38 MAPK and inhibited the activation of Akt.CONCLU-SION:SCH900776 inhibits the proliferation and migration abilities in human U 251 cells by promoting the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and suppressing the activation of Akt.

Establishing a rat model of intervertebral disc degeneration using three methods / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: Numerous studies focus on animal models of intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD), but criteria for establishing the animal models of IDD have not been confirmed, and there is a lack of systematic comparison among models. OBJECTIVE: To compare the rat models of IDD established by puncturing at annulus, endplate injection and their combination, thus providing reference for IDD model selection. METHODS: Eighty Sprague-Dawley rats were equivalently randomized into four groups: puncturing group (puncturing at the annulus), endplate injection group (endplate injected with ethyl alcohol), combination group (puncturing at the L5-6annulus and endplate injection at the same segment) and sham operation group. Three rats in each group were taken at postoperative 4, 8, and 12 weeks for X-ray examination to measure the disc height; and the discs were removed for histological observation and immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The results of X-ray examination, hematoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining all showed that the IDD degree was gradually aggravated in all groups except the sham operation group. At postoperative 4 weeks, compared with the sham operation group, in the endplate injection and combination groups, the percent disc height was significantly decreased, the pathological scores were significantly increased and the average gray value of collagen type I was significantly reduced (P ＜ 0.05). At postoperative 8 and 12 weeks, compared with the sham operation group, the percent disc height in the other three groups were all significantly decreased, the pathological score was significantly increased, and the average gray value of collagen type I was significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.05). Compared with the puncturing and endplate injection group, in the combination group, the percent disc height at postoperative 8 weeks was significantly decreased, and the average gray value of collagen type I at postoperative 12 weeks was significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.05). These results suggest that the rat IDD model can be successfully constructed by above three methods. Puncturing at the annulus is easy to operate and control IDD progression, which can be used to study different stages of IDD. Endplate injection is suitable for the etiological study of IDD, and induces IDD earlier than puncturing, but the final results are similar. The combination method can significantly accelerate IDD aggravation, and thus is not time consuming.

An analysis on health life expectancy of adult residents in Zhejiang Province / 预防医学

Objective To analyze the health life expectancy (HALE) of the residents aged 15 years and above in Zhejiang Province and to evaluate the health level among adults. Methods The study was based the mortality data collected from Zhejiang Chronic Disease Surveillance Information and Management System, and the mortality rates were from the Under-Reporting Survey and the sample data in Zhejiang from the 5th National Health Service Survey in 2013. A Sullivan' s method was used to calculate the HALE. Results The life expectancy and self-evaluated HALE were 63.62 years, 55.80 years, respectively, and the difference was 7.82 years (61.49 years VS 55.13 years in males and 66.10 years VS 56.57 years in females) . The self-evaluated HALE 55.89 years in urban and 55.54 years in rural residents aged 15 years and above. The proportion of self-evaluated HALE in the total life expectancy was 87.70%, and it decreased with age, and the proportion has dropped to 67.31% in ≥65 age group. Life expectancy without chronic morbidity was 46.68 years (46.35 years in males and 47.01 years in females; 44.03 years in urban and 47.15 years in rural areas) among residents aged 15 years and above, and the proportion of self-evaluated HALE without chronic morbidity in the total life expectancy without chronic morbidity was 73.37%. Conclusion In general the proportion of self-evaluated HALE in the total life expectancy was small , and males had a greater proportion than female, and adults in rural areas had a greater proportion than that in urban areas. We should consider NCDS management for the elderly residents and to improve the life quality among the elderly residents.

Status and home environment-related risk factors for falls among older adults living in the urban community / 预防医学

Objective To study the status and environment-related risk factors for falls among older adults in the urban community,and to provide evidences for the development of specific interventions.Methods A total of 993 older adults aged ≥60 years old from 2 communities in Cixi City were selected by stratified cluster sampling. Face-to-face interview and field investigation were carried out to collect participants' basic information,the situation and environment-related risk factors for falls occurred to them from November 2012 to October 2013.Results The overall incidence of falls was 14.90%,and it was significantly higher in wowen (17.19%) than in men(12.47%)(P<0.05). There were 109 participants reported to have fall-related injury with an incidence of 10.98%(109/993). Moreover,the incidence of fall-related injury for women(13.87%) was significantly higher than that for men(7.69%)(P<0.05). Among them, 35.14% falls occurred in home,the washroom(93.62%)and drawing room(85.02%) had higher proportion of having falling-related environmental risk factors. The multivariate logistic analysis showed that uneven carpet in aisle (OR=3. 542,95% CI:1.235-10.161)and having clutters beside the bed (OR=8.611,95% CI:2.051-36.574) were two main environmental risk factors for elder falls in home.Conclusion The incidence of falls of older adult in Cixi was 14.90%. Uneven carpet in aisle and having clutters beside the bed were two main environmental risk factors for falls among the elderly at home.

Clinical and laboratory features, and quality of life assessment in wheat dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis patients from central China / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

Wheat dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (WDEIA) is a rare but potentially severe food allergy caused by the combination of wheat ingestion and physical exercise. The impact of WDEIA on quality of life (QOL) is unclear. This study characterized the clinical and laboratory features and investigated the QOL in WDEIA patients from Central China. Twenty-eight WDEIA patients were analyzed, and QOL was measured by validated Chinese version Food Allergy Quality of Life Questionnaire-Adult Form (FAQLQ-AF) and Food Allergy Independent Measure (FAIM) after obtaining the diagnosis. The results showed that half of the patients were females. The median onset age was 37 years old. The symptoms occurred within 1 h after wheat ingestion (26/28). Symptoms of anaphylaxis included cutaneous (26/28), respiratory (11/28), gastro-intestinal (5/28) and cardiovascular manifestations (27/28). Skin prick tests were positive to salt soluble (89.3%) and salt insoluble wheat allergen extracts (100%). Positive rate to wheat, gluten and omega-5 gliadin specific IgE was 64.3%, 92.9% and 92.9% respectively. Specific IgE to omega-5 gliadin with a cut-off value 0.83 KU/L offered highly efficient diagnostic criterion for WDEIA (sensitivity: 89.3%; and specificity: 88.9%). The mean scores of FAQLQ-AF and FAIM were 4.70 and 4.98 respectively and level of anti-omega-5 gliadin IgE had positive correlations with FAQLQ scores. Thereby, WDEIA is commonly found in mid-age adults. In most cases, multi-organs especially skin and cardiovascular systems are involved. Salt insoluble wheat allergen skin test and serum specific IgE to gluten and omega-5 gliadin help to diagnose WDEIA. QOL in WDEIA patients is severely impaired.

Analysis on Incidence and Mortality Characteristics of Thyroid Cancer during 2007 to 2011 in Zhejiang Province / 预防医学

Objective To analyze the characteristics and trend of incidence and mortality of thyroid cancer in Zhejiang Province from 2007 to 2011.Methods Data from cancer registry and death registry in Zhejiang province were used to calculate the crude incidence and mortality,age -specific incidence and mortality,China - and World -standardized incidence and mortality of thyroid cancer.Trend Chi -square test was used to analyze the trend of incidence and mortality. Results From 2007 to 2011,the reported incidence rate of thyroid cancer in Zhejiang Province was 8.37 /100,000 (China -and World -standardized incidence were 5.28 /100,000 and 6.14 /100,000 respectively).The mortality rate was 0.34 /100,000 (China -and World -standardized mortality were 0.17 /100,000 and 0.24 /100,000 respectively). The incidence and mortality were both significantly higher in females and urban residents than in males and rural residents (both P <0.01).With age increased,the mortality increased.However,the incidence increased at the beginning and then declined with a peak age of 30 -59.From 2007 to 2011,the incidence of thyroid cancer increased rapidly with a speed of 29.95% per year while the mortality did not show the similar trend.Conclusion The incidence of thyroid cancer in Zhejiang Province is growing rapidly and the relative risk factors should be taken into consideration in future researches.

Inhibition of Caudatin on migration of glioma C6 cells in vitro by downregulating β-catenin/survivin expression / 中草药

Objective: To investigate the effects of Caudatin on cell proliferation and migration of human glioma cell line C6 and the potential mechanisms. Methods: Cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay. Cell cycle distribution was assessed by propidium iodide flow cytometry. Scarification test and Transwell assay were used to measure the cell migration. The effects of Caudatin on the expression of β-catenin, Survivin, CyclinD1, and Cdk4 were determined by Western blotting assay. Results: Caudatin inhibited the C6 cell viability in a dose dependent manner, and caused an accumulation of C6 cells in G1 phase, and Western blotting results suggested that Caudatin inhibited the expression of CyclinD1 and Cdk4. The migration ability of C6 cells was significantly blocked by Caudatin treatment. Caudatin could significantly down-regulate the expression of β-catenin and Survivin in C6 cells. Conclusion: Caudatin could inhibit the C6 cell migration in vitro with a dose dependent way, and the potential mechanism might be related to inhibiting the expression of β-catenin and Survivin in C6 cells.

Survival rate of colorectal cancer patients during 2005-2010 in Zhejiang province, China / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To analyze the survival rate of colorectal cancer,using data from the population-based cancer registry during 2005-2010 in Zhejiang.Methods The last follow-up activites on 17 235 cases regarding the survival status was December 31,2012.Both cumulative observed survival rate (OS) and relative survival rate (RS) were calculated with SURV 3.01 software drawn up by Hakulinen.Results The OS on 1,3 and 5 year were 76.71％,58.14％,50.58％ and the RS on 1,3 and 5 year were 78.93％,63.48％,58.73％,respectively.The 1,3 and 5 year relative survival rates on males vs.females were 79.36％ vs.78.35％,63.63％ vs.63.29％,and 58.85％ vs.58.57％,respectively and the difference between them was not statistically significant (x2=1.08,P=0.298).The 5 year OS and RS of the urban population were 55.06％ and 64.09％ and the 5 year OS and RS of the rural population were 47.59％ and 55.16％,with statistically significant differences (x2 =85.84,P＜0.001).The 55-64 age group appeared higher relative survival rate.There were significant differences in the survival rates among different age groups (x2=333.42,P＜0.001).The 5 year RS of colon vs.rectum were 61.47％ vs.56.45％.Colon patients showed better relative survival rate (x2=7.26,P＜0.05).Conclusion The wide variations in colorectal cancer survival rates were seen between the urban and rural populations.Public health resources should be focused on rural areas.Patients younger than 55 years should be under specific attention to further understand the related factors which influencing the prognosis of the diseases.

Association between dyslipidemia and different subtypes of hypertension among Zhejiang population in 2010 / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the association between dyslipidemia and different subtypes of hypertension among Zhejiang population.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From June to October in 2010, 19 113 local residents aged ≥ 18 years old were selected among 7571 families from fifteen counties in Zhejiang by four stage stratified-random sampling method. A self-designed questionnaire was adopted to collect information on demographic characteristics, physical activity and life style. At the same time, physical examinations including height, weight, blood pressure and blood lipids were carried out.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 19 113 participants completed the interviews, physical examinations and collected the blood samples.Excluding those who did not meet the criteria, 14 731 were finally enrolled in the study. The prevalence rates of isolated systolic hypertension (ISH), isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH), systolic and diastolic hypertension (SDH) were 7.16% (1055/14 731, standardized rate:5.46%), 4.60% (677/14 731, standardized rate:4.41%), 7.09% (1045/14 731, standardized rate:5.75%), respectively. Among normal blood pressure group, subjects with normal TC, high TC and abnormal TC were separately 10 571 (88.43%), 1173 (9.81%) and 210 (1.76%); subjects with normal HDL-C and low HDL-C were separately 6885 (57.60%) and 5069 (42.40%); subjects with normal TG, high TG, abnormal TG were separately 9952 (79.91%), 1213 (10.15%) and 1189(9.95%).In ISH group, subjects with normal TC, high TC and abnormal TC were separately 826 (78.29%), 188 (17.82%) and 41 (3.89%); subjects with normal HDL-C and low HDL-C were separately 666(63.13%) and 389 (36.87%); subjects with normal TG, high TG and abnormal TG were separately 737 (69.86%), 150 (14.22%) and 168 (15.92%). Multi factor analysis showed that high TG and abnormal TG were associated with ISH (OR (95%CI):1.43 (1.16-1.76), 1.65 (1.34-2.03) respectively). Among IDH group, subjects with normal TC, high TC, abnormal TC were separately 556(82.13%), 99(14.62%) and 22 (3.25%); subjects with normal HDL-C, low HDL-C were separately 335 (49.48%) and 342 (50.52%); subjects with normal TG, high TG, and abnormal TG separately were 402 (59.38%), 107 (15.81%) and 168 (24.82%). The multi factor analysis showed that high TG and abnormal TG could increase the risk of IDH (OR(95%CI):1.57 (1.24-1.98), 2.18 (1.76-2.70) respectively). Among SDH group, subjects with normal TC, high TC and abnormal TC were 817 (78.18%), 193 (18.47%) and 35 (3.35%); subjects with normal HDL-C and abnormal HDL-C were separately 599 (57.32%) and 446 (42.68%); subjects with normal TG, high TG, abnormal TG were separately 675 (64.59%), 164 (15.69%) and 206 (19.71%). The multi factor analysis showed that high TC, high TG and abnormal TG were also associated with the increased risk of SDH (OR (95%CI):1.38 (1.14-1.67), 1.43(1.18-1.75), 1.73 (1.43-2.10) respectively).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Dyslipidemia is an important factor of different subtypes of hypertension among Zhejiang population, especially triglycerides. Dyslipidemia screening should be strengthened to reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases.</p>

The analysis of risk factors for the recurrence of senior patients with cerebral infarction / 重庆医学

Objective To explore the risk factors for the recurrence of senior patients with cerebral infarction ,and provide refer-ences for its prevention .Methods The 102 elder patients(age>65y) with cerebral infarction were regarded as recurrent group ,and 218 elder cerebral infarction patients without recurrence were considered as primary group .The sex ,age ,body mass index(BMI) , heavy smoking ,drunkenness ,TIA ,location of primary cerebral infarction ,using anti-platelet drugs ,diabetes ,hypertension ,coronary heart disease ,hyperlipidemia ,carotid atherosclerotic plaque ,fibrillation atrial ,chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD) ,in-creased serum levels of homocysteine(Hcy) ,and high level of C reaction protein(CRP) were analyzed by single and multi factors a-nalysis .Results The single analysis showed the factors including hypertension ,TIA ,carotid atherosclerotic plaque ,heavy smoking , hyperlipidemia ,diabetes ,coronary heart disease ,increased serum levels of homocysteine (Hcy) ,and high level of C reaction protein (CRP) were risk factors for the recurrence of senior patients with cerebral infarction ,but using anti-platelet drugs was the protec-tive factor .Multi-factors analysis showed the factors including coronary heart disease ,hyperlipidemia ,TIA ,diabetes ,carotid athero-sclerotic plaque ,hypertension ,heavy smoking were isolated risk factors but using anti-platelet drugs was the protective factor .Con-clusion There are multitude factors for the recurrence of senior patients with cerebral infarction .We must pain more attention to the factors and decrease their recurrence .