Synthesis and investigation of mass spectra of some heterocyclic compounds containing sulphur atom

3-aryl- 1,4,5-trihydro-1,2,4-triazole-5-thiones [2], 2-substitutcd- 1,2,3- trihydro- 1,3,4-thiadiazines [3] and 3-substituted 2-thioxoimidazolidin-4-ones [4] were prepared via the reaction of 4-substituted benzaldehyde thiosemicarbazones [1] with bromine in AcOH, thioglycolic acid and ethyl chloroacetate in the presence of different bases. Acetylation of 4 with Ac[2]O gave the corresponding monoacetyl derivative [5], while the acetylation of 4 with Ac[2]O in presence of AcONa gave the corresponding diacetyl derivative [6]. 5-Arylidcne-thiazolidine-2,4-diones [8] were synthesized by the reaction of compound 4 with aromatic aldehydes to give 3-substituted 5-arylidene-2-thioxoimid-azolidin-4-ones [7], followed by bromination of 7 in presence of AcONa in acetic acid. The mass spectral fragmentation patterns of some prepared compounds are investigated in order to elucidate the structure of the synthesized compounds

Synthesis and mass spectra of some new heterocyclic compounds containing thiophene moiety

Reaction of ethyl beta-[thiophen-2-yl]-alpha-cyanoacrylate I with guanidine hydrochloride and thiosemicarbazide gave the corresponding 2-aminopyrimidine derivative 2 and thiophen-2-yl carboxaldehvde thiosemicarbazone 4. Treatment of 4 with acetic anhydride, benzyl chloride, hydrazine hydrate and bromine solution afforded the corresponding N-diacetyl and N-benzylthiosemicarbazones 5, 6, hydrazone derivative [7] and 1, 2, 4-triazole derivative 8. Acylation of 2 and 8 with acetic anhydride yielded the corresponding N-acetyl derivatives 3 and 9. The mass spectral fragmentation patterns of the some compounds are described

Synthesis and mass spectra of some aryl aldehyde thiosemicarbazones

The reaction of ethyl beta-aryl-alpha-cyanoacrylate [1] with thiosemicarbazide in the presence of potassium carbonate gave arylaldehydethiosemicarbazone [3]. Treatment of compound 3 with acetic anhydride, benzoyl chloride and ethyl chloroacetate yielded the corresponding 4-[substituted benzaldehyde-2, 4-diacetytl hiosemicarbazone] [4], 4 [substituted benzaldehyde -2, 4-dibenzoyl thiose micarbazones] [5], and 3-substituted-2-thioxo-imidazolidin-4-one [6]. The mass spectral fragmentation patterns of the compounds 3, 4, 5 and 6 are described

Electron impact ionization mass spectra of fused coumarino-[4, 3-d]-pyrimidine derivatives

2- hydrazino-4-hydroxy-5H-[1] -benzopyrano- [4, 3-d] -pyrimidin-5- one[2] was prepared by fusion of 1 with hydrazine hydrate. Treatment of 2 with activated olefinic compounds and acetylacetone in DMF yielded the corresponding 2-[substituted] hydrazino-4-hydroxy-5H-[1]-benzopyrano -[4, 3-d]- pyrimidin -5-ones 3 and 4. Condensation of 2 with benzalacetophenone, ethyl acetoacetate and ethyl cyanoacetate in DMF/AcONa afforded the corresponding 2, 4-[disubstituted] pyrazolyl-4-hydroxy-5H-[1]-benzopyrano-[4, 3-d]-pyrimidin-5-ones [6, 8] and 3-cyanomethyl -1-hydro-[l] -benzopyrano-[4, 3-d] -1, 2, 4-triazolo -[3, 4-b]-pyrimidine -4, 5-dione 10. The electron impact mass spectra of both of the above series of compounds have also been recorded and their fragmentation pattern is discussed

Comparative study about some salmonella isolation techniques from cases of enterica

Typhoid fever remains an important public health problem in many parts of the world. Rapid and sensitive laboratory methods for Salmonella isolation in diagnosis of typhoid fever are essential for prompt and effective antibiotic therapy. This study was designed to compare Some techniques for Salmonella isolation from blood and stool to find the most rapid, sensitive and specific one to detect their antibiotic sensitivity pattern suitable for antibiotic therapy and epidemiological surveillance. For this purpose 312 patients [262 typhoid study cases - 50 none typhoid control cases] admitted to Abbassia Fever Hospital from April 1996 to April 1999 were examined 191 cases out of 312 cases proved to be enterica by conventional techniques like [WBCs count, ESR, Widal test, ordinary stool and blood isolation culture,]. Yielded 104 Salmonella Strains by conventional techniques but when bi-examined in 5 groups for isolation of salmonella by one of the following culture techniques in comparison to ordinary B. C: [1- Isoslate culture, 2- Monocyte culture, 3- Clot culture, 4- Stool culture, and 5- Bone marrow culture.] they yielded [127,] salmonella isolates. The results of conventional and non conventional isolation techniques were evaluated and compared as regards specificity, sensitivity, rate of isolation, performance and costs. From this study it was found that [1-The mononuclear culture was the most sensitive blood culture technique in isolating Salmonella strains with 63% sensitivity and average time 1.1 days if compared to conventional blood culture [2.8 days]. It was found that the indirect mononuclear technique took the same time as conventional blood culture [2. 7 days- 2.8 days]. The test was easy but hazardous to laboratory workers, 2- The lysis isoslate culture was the most rapid blood culture technique by direct method [one day] but it was less sensitive than conventional one [43% - 55%]. The test showed also simple and no difference between direct and indirect technique as regard average isolation time, 3- The clot culture technique was the simplest one and showed the same sensitivity as conventional blood culture [58- 55%] with average time 2.6 days nearly equal to conventional techniques [2.8 days]. the test was selective for salmonella species and inhibited the growth of skin contaminants. The separated serum could be used for serological diagnosis of typhoid fever. 4- The stool culture technique had a limited value in diagnosis of acute typhoid fever with very low sensitivity 13% compared to ordinary blood culture technique which is less sensitive and takes more average time [2.8 days] 5- The bone marrow culture although highly specific and sensitive; it can not be used as a routine technique except in case of [F. U. O] to exclude the infection in some typhoid cases finder specific therapy. 6- The highest isolation rate of salmonella strains from, blood [47%] was obtained by using both ordinary blood culture and isostate blood culture together. It has the chance of isolation when there is low number of bacteria

Phytochemical and biological studies of pyracantha fortuneana as a promising protectant to stored weat grains

Pyracantha fortuneana [Rosacea] was investigated chemically and biologicallyto evaluate its insecticidal activity as a protectant against two weevils;namely, Sitophilus oryzae L. and Sitophilus granarius L. Petroleum etherextract of the fruits was found to be the most effective, from whichbeta-amyrin, 24-dihydrolanosterol [24-methylene-5 alpha-lanost-8-en-3beta-ol, stigmasterol, beta-sitosterol, erythrodiol and ursolic acid wereisolated and identified. Biologically, the fruit extract was more effectivethan that of leaves. The percent mortality was directly proportional to theconcentrations used. The extracts showed a very weak repellent effect on theweevils. The bioresidual effect of the petroleum ether extract lasted for sixmonths, and decreased by storage periods. It provided satisfactory protectionto stored wheat grains against damage and weight loss. Seed viability washigher when using higher extract concentrations

Terpenoid from curcuma longa

Three triterpenoid compounds were isolated from methanol portion of petroleum ether extract of Curcuma longa L. [Zingiberaceae] rhizomes and were identified by different spectral analyses. Biological activity of petroleum ether extract and the three compounds were evaluated against adult females of Tetranychus urticae Koch mites. Petroleum ether extract, compounds I and II showed higher toxicity towards the adult females, while compound III was found to be most effective on the reproduction of the adult females. Essential oil of the rhizome was extracted and analyzed by GC/MS. The oil showed antioxidant activity

Phytochemical and insecticidal investigation of Citrullus colocynthis, schrads

Hydrocarbons, alpha-spinasterol, beta-sitosterol, in addition to pentacyclic triterpenes, ursolic acid and beta-amyrin were isolated from the unsaponifiable matter [USM] of Citrullus colocynthis Schrad and were identified by GCMS. Analysis of the fatty acids methyl ester by GLC revealed the existence of 12 acids in the seeds and 14 acids in deseeded fruits. The major acid is palmitic [57.32%] in the seeds and [57.39%] in the deseeded fruits. Tetracyclic triterpenes were isolated and identified as cucurbitacins D, I, B, E, L from the chloroformic extract of seeds. Moreover, the biological activity of the successive extracts, as well as the unsaponifiable and saponifiable matter of the petroleum ether extract were checked against the cotton leaf worm and cow pea weevils insects

Proteinase K activities from talaromyces flavus, with respect to its keratin hydrolyzing enzymes

Keratinolytic proteinase K is secreted by Talaromyces flaves in a media containing Goat hairs, as carbon and nitrogen sources. Maximal proteinase production was obtained at pH 605 after 9 days incubation at 28§ +/- under shaking condition. The enzyme was purified from the cell free filtrate of the culture by applying [NH4]2SO4 precipitation and performing sephadex G 200 column. Two proteinase A and B were obtained, the first with a purification folds 23 and the second with 38. It's purity was tested by applying the poly acrylamide gel electrophoresis. The molecular weight of the enzyme [s] was determined, [A] 31, 500 and [B] 36, 750. Its stability against storage, temperature, buffers, pH and different substrates was also tested

Lipases from aspergillus fumigatus; a] productivity and purification under both mesophilic and thermophilic incubatio conditions

Two lipases were produced by Aspergillus fumigatus, a strain isolated from High Dam lake water at Aswan- under both [Lipase "A" at 30 degree cent.] and thermal [Lipase "B" at 45 degree cent. Incubation conditions. Optimal conditions for production were: Tributyrin, 0.2%; incubation period, 5 days; KNO3, 0.2%, phosphate buffer [0.1 M] at pH 6.4. Under these conditions, an obvious shift concerning lipase production towards mesaphily was observed. Coconut oil was the only lipid substance which exerted a clear shift towards thermophily. Results indicated the wide variability that may occur in lipase production by the same fungus in relation to incubation temperatures and thus, a single temperature is insufficient for the determination of lipolysis by different fungi. The two lipases were subjected to a purification procedure which included: dialysis of the cell free extract, ammonium sulphate precipitation and sephadex G 150 column chromatography. The question of whether the two lipases secreted by one fungus at two different temperatures are different kinds of lipases or not will be investigated in the next paper