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1.
Egyptian Journal of Histology [The]. 2009; 32 (1): 129-144
em Inglês | IMEMR | ID: emr-100868

RESUMO

Age related changes in the hepatic and gastric tissues have been discovered and are considered to be implicated in the pathogenesis of some diseases. To evaluate the effect of garlic as a prophylactic or a therapeutic tool against age related changes in the liver and stomach. 80 male albino rats were used. Classified into four groups: group 1: 15 rats served as control adult, group 2: 15 rats served as control aged, group 3: 25 adult rat treated with Tomax in a dose of 100 mg/kg orally daily till aging and group 4: 25 aged rats treated with Tomax in the same previous dose for 4 months. Animals were sacrificed and specimens from the liver and stomach were prepared for light and electron microscopy. Light and electron microscopic examination of liver and stomach of group 1 revealed the normal structure. Age related changes were detected in group 2 in the form of vacuolation of cells lining the gastric glands and disturbed hepatic architecture. Ultrastructurally, degenerative changes in parietal and chief cells were observed. Hepatocytes showed variable sized nuclei with marginated hetero chromatin clumps, areas of rarified cytoplasm, fragmented endoplasmic reticulum and interrupted cell membrane. Tomax treatment in group 3 greatly improved the aging changes in liver and gastric mucosa. Decreased vacuolation of gastric epithelial cells and restored hepatic architecture were observed. Ultrastructural degenerative changes were less pronounced in both tissues. In group 4 there was no obvious improvement but they were more or less similar to group 2. It could be concluded that garlic could be used as a prophylactic measure against age induced structural changes in the liver and stomach rather than being used as a therapeutic one


Assuntos
Masculino , Animais de Laboratório , Fígado/fisiologia , Mucosa Gástrica/fisiologia , Idoso , Ratos , Fígado/ultraestrutura , Mucosa Gástrica/ultraestrutura , Microscopia Eletrônica
2.
Assiut Medical Journal. 2008; 32 (1): 11-30
em Inglês | IMEMR | ID: emr-85857

RESUMO

Aging is associated with a progressive decline of plasma levels of dehydroepiandrosterone [DHEA] and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate [DHEAS]. The present work studied the effect of DHEAS administration on the age related histological changes in the myocardium of the heart [being implicated in increased death rate from cardiovascular diseases in the elderly] and in the adrenal zona reticularis [being the major source of DHEA and DHEAS secretion]. Thirty male albino rats were divided into three groups; ten animals each. Group I was the control adult group [6-months age], group II was the control aged group [24-months age], and group III was the treated aged group [24-months age] that received DHEAS orally in a dose of 0.05 mg/rat/day for one month. Specimens from the left ventricle of the heart and from the suprarenal gland were taken from all groups and prepared for light and electron microscopic examination. In control aged group, the myocardium exhibited disorganization of cardiac myocytes and an increase in collagen fibers. Many cardiac myocytes had deeply stained nuclei with increased heterochromatin. Their sarcoplasm showed variable staining intensity, ill defined cross striations, marked degeneration of the mitochondria and increased intermyofibrillar spaces. Other cardiac myocytes appeared relatively with more or less normal light and electron microscopic structure. The cells of adrenal zona reticularis of control aged animals showed irregularity and deeply stained nuclei, in addition to decreased frequency of mitochondria and accumulation of lipid droplets in their cytoplasm. After DHEAS administration, there was a marked reduction in the age related histological changes of both the myocardium and adrenal zona reticularis. The myocardium of DHEAS treated aged animals showed regular arrangement of cardiac myocytes with comparative decrease in appearance of collagen fibers compared to the control aged group. Many cardiac myocytes had relatively normal appearance of their nuclei and sarcoplasm with prominent cross striations, regular organization of myofibrils and less degenerative changes in the mitochondria compared to those of the control aged group. Most zona reticularis cells of DHEAS treated animals had rounded nuclei and relatively normal appearance of their cytoplasm with increased frequency of mitochondria and decreased content of lipid compared to those of the control aged group. The mechanism of action of DHEAS as an antiaging steroid has been discussed. The preventive effect of DHEAS against age related structural changes [although incomplete prevention] is promising of its use as replacement therapy in elderly people to prevent, delay or attenuate the cardiac disorders which accompany aging and to improve the enzymatic activities and endocrine function of adrenal zona reticularis, thus, promote improvement of health with aging


Assuntos
Masculino , Animais de Laboratório , Miocárdio/ultraestrutura , Zona Reticular/ultraestrutura , Histologia , Microscopia Eletrônica , Ratos , Idoso , Coração/efeitos dos fármacos , Zona Reticular/efeitos dos fármacos , Microscopia
3.
Assiut Medical Journal. 2003; 27 (2): 83-102
em Inglês | IMEMR | ID: emr-61603

RESUMO

The present work was done to study the effect of fenugreek seeds on the structure of the pars distalis, ovary and mammary gland of lactating rabbit. A total number of 24 lactating rabbits was used. The animals were divided into two groups. One served as a control lactating group [8 rabbits] and the other group was lactating rabbits treated with the seeds [16 rabbits]. The control and treated rabbits were sacrificed after two weeks and four weeks. Specimens of the pituitary gland were prepared for electron microscopy [E/M]. Mammary gland was prepared for light and electron microscopy while the ovary was prepared for light microscopy. Another specimens of the pituitary, mammary glands and ovary were prepared and processed for immunohistochemical application of mouse monocolonal prolactin [PRL] receptor antibody to detect the prolactin receptors in these tissues. This study cleared that, there was apparent increase in the number, size and signs of activity of mammotrophs. The mammary gland showed an increase in the activity of the alveolar cells and in the amount of milk secretion. As regard the ovary, there was an apparent increase in the number of primary follicles. There was progressive increase in the amount of atretic follicles. Corpus luteum showed progressive decrease in size and degeneration. The number of healthy growing follicle was reduced. The immunohistochemical study demonstrated a progressive increase in the number and size of mammotrophs that showing positive reaction for PRL receptor antibody. The mammary gland showed positive reaction in the alveolar cells and in the stroma cells. The ovary showed strong positive reaction for PRL receptor antibody. It becomes obvious that the treatment with fenugreek seeds leads to stimulation of the mammotrophs and mammary gland. At the same time it causes suppression of the ovary. In conclusion, the use of fenugreek seeds has a double advantageous effects as its ingestion by lactating females increases the milk production and in the mean time it suppresses the ovary which may decrease the possibility of pregnancy during lactation. So, we recommend the use of fenugreek seeds instead of the hormones or chemical drugs for more milk production and as a partial ovulation inhibitor


Assuntos
Animais de Laboratório , Sementes , Coelhos , Lactação , Hipófise , Mammea , Histologia , Imuno-Histoquímica , Proteínas do Leite , Ovário
4.
El-Minia Medical Bulletin. 2002; 13 (2): 147-164
em Inglês | IMEMR | ID: emr-59321

RESUMO

The aim of the present work was to evaluate the effects of verrucarin J-toxin on serum biochemistry and on light and electron microscopic structures of the liver of adult male mice. Treated mice was injected intraperitonealy by toxin in a single dose of 0.9 mg/kg [group A] and 0.5 mg/kg body weight [group B]. The animals were sacrificed after 2, 4, 6 weeks [10 each] and compared to toxin free control [C] group. Results indicated that glucose level was significantly different in the treated groups [A, B], which were injected for 2 and 4 weeks than control [C] group. But there was no significant difference in 6 weeks. Plasma levels of triglycerides or cholesterol were significantly higher in both treated mice than control. Many histological changes occurred in the liver cells of both treated groups [A and B] after 2 and 4 weeks. The hepatocytes were engorged with glycogen. The nuclei and cell organelles are markedly affected. After 6 weeks from treatment many hepatocytes were, somewhat similar to the control


Assuntos
Animais de Laboratório , Fígado , Histologia , Microscopia Eletrônica , Camundongos , Glucose-6-Fosfato , Piruvato Quinase , Glicemia
5.
Assiut Medical Journal. 1997; 21 (2): 1-10
em Inglês | IMEMR | ID: emr-44081

RESUMO

In order to evaluate the potential effect of Nigella sativa seed's oil [NSO] on experimentally induced diabetes, alloxan was injected intra- muscularly in a single dose of 175 mg/kg in adult male albino rats. A group of animals was kept diabetic for fifteen days, another group for three months and a third group was injected with alloxan then after four days were treated daily with NSO for fifteen days. A fourth group was treated with NSO after three months of alloxan injection. The fifth group was kept as control. Alloxan caused degranulation and massive destruction of beta cells, especially after three months of diabetes induction. Treatment of early stage of diabetes [after four days of alloxan injection] with NSO prevented the subsequent changes by alloxan. NSO had no role in the treatment of chronic diabetes [at late stage]. As regard these findings, the anti-diabetic effect of NSO was clearly observed only in the treatment of early stage of diabetes rather than after three months of the diseases. It was concluded that the anti- diabetic effect of NSO may be through its protective effect on beta cells, especially in early stage of the disease


Assuntos
Animais de Laboratório , Sementes , /farmacologia , Aloxano , Ratos , Ilhotas Pancreáticas/anatomia & histologia
6.
Assiut Medical Journal. 1996; 20 (3): 87-103
em Inglês | IMEMR | ID: emr-40424

RESUMO

Gibberellic acid is one of the plant growth promoting hormones that is used in agriculture to increase the growth of fruits and vegetables. The toxic effect of chronic oral exposure to this growth promoter on the histological structure of liver cells of rats was investigated into three groups, each was 12 rats. The first group received a daily oral dose of 70 mg/kg of gibberellic acid dissolved in distilled water for one month then animals were sacrificed. The second group received the same dose of gibberellic acid for one month then animals were left to recover and were sacrificed after two months from the last dose. The third group of animals served as controls and received a daily oral dose of distilled water. Liver specimens were taken from animals of each group, prepared for and examined by light and electron microscopes. The significant histological changes in the liver cells after exposure to gibberellic acid were presented in the form of swelling of the majority of cells, depletion of glycogen, appearance of large amounts of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, appearance of large areas of rarified cytoplasm separating dense areas of cellular organelles, increased of lysosomes, swelling and degeneration of many cells. Following substance withdrawal, a few cells became nearly similar to those of the controls, while the majority of cells remained affected. These data supported the deleterious effects of gibberellic acid on the liver after chronic oral exposure and the recovery from these effects might need a longer time. So, the need for protection from the hazards of these substances should be searched for and continued


Assuntos
Animais de Laboratório , Masculino , Giberelinas , Fígado , Histologia , Ratos
7.
Assiut Medical Journal. 1995; 19 (1): 107-115
em Inglês | IMEMR | ID: emr-36455

RESUMO

The fine structure of the submandibular gland of male adult albino rats has been examined in control and in rats subjected to induced diabetes for one, two and four months. The ultrastructure of submandibular gland of control rats was thoroughly described. Certain observations were recorded for the first time in rats, such as the presence of a special type of cells in the intercalated duct under the name clear cells [primitive cells]. The lining of the striated and granular ducts were focussed upon. All diabetic rats developed persistent hyperglycemia, lost weight, had atrophied testes and some of them became cachectic. Variable ultrastructural changes were evident in the affected submandibular components even in early stages of diabetic induction of the experiment. It became more progressive after four months of induced diabetes. The duct system of the gland showed the prevalence of granular cells on the expense of clear cells among the lining epithelium of intercalated duct, degranulation of the lining cells of granular convoluted tubule and their atrophy after four months of treatment. The general architecture of the striated ductal cells was disrupted, the basal enfoldings of the plasma membrane became indistinct and the cytoplasm showed vacuoles which compressed the nucleus and organelles


Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Experimental/fisiopatologia , Aloxano , Ratos
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