Development of A Disaster Kit Based on A Cultural Context for Flood Disaster Relief and Preparedness

@#Introduction: Flood disaster is a natural disaster that has unexpectedly occurred again. Community cooperation in terms of managing flood and focusing on families’ needs has become more systematic. It is important for a household to be prepared in any disaster. One of the preparations that should be done is the stockpiling of emergency supplies or flood supply kits during evacuation. This study aimed to develop a specific disaster kit for households for evacuation during a flood disaster based on cultural context. Methods: Data were collected from 75 key informants from every level of households that really have a great experience during the flood disaster that helping family packing for a living needs before evacuation. The development of the disaster kit based on cultural needs and all their views, needs, experiences, challenges, frustration and happiness was obtained from the interview sessions. Results: There are five themes that emerged from this research related to developing a disaster kit. The themes are community preparedness in dealing with flood disaster, hygiene issues during the flood, inadequate food supply, how the community responds to insufficient water supply, and coping method with illness. After being finalized, there are seven kits: a general supplies kit, documentation kit, emergency food and water supply kit, prayer kit, hygiene kit, basic first aid kit, and baby kit. Conclusion: The development disaster kit was created to help the communities to be more aware and prepared before disaster strikes.

Assessing and Exploring the Competency of Prehospital Emergency Medical Service Personnel in Klang Valley, Malaysia: a Mixed Method Approach

The notion of competency in pre-hospital emergency medical service (EMS) personnel is mainly focused on the professional proficiency that he/she has to provide intervention outside of hospital setting. Consequently, the effectiveness of pre-hospital EMS performance very much depends upon the capability of the personnel at the scene and as well during transport to the definitive care center. The aim of this study is to appraise and explore the competency of pre-hospital care staff and provide strategies for improvement. Methods: A mixed method approach combining the qualitative and quantitative study design. Of 134 staffs only 111(82.84%) returned the questionnaire. Nine semi-structured interviews and two focus group discussions were performed. The main informants were nurses/assistant medical officers, nurse/assistant medical officer administrators, and emergency physicians. Results: From the quantitative finding on the competency of staff handling pre-hospital EMS, all had the essential knowledge and skills. However, most of them reported not having good knowledge and skills for invasive procedures (31%-61%), include giving medications (61%-66%). The qualitative information provided insight about the issues and strategies for the personnel in regards to competency. All the relevant qualitative data were merged into 5 categories relating issues and 5 categories to strategies that could affect the competency of the personnel. Conclusion: Pre-hospital EMS systems need to consider that the competency of pre-hospital EMS personnel has to come along with the responsible attitude of the staff itself, the support of medical direction, clear protocol for guiding them whenever needed, and continuous professional-development courses require them to maintain their professional proficiency.

¿Qué espera el clínico del informe radiológico? / What does the clinician expect from the radiological report?

Introduction: The written radiology report is the most relevant component of any radiological examination. Few studies about referring clinicians opinion concerning structure and contents of radiology reports have been conducted. Objective: To investigate which radiology report issues are significant to the clinician. Methodology: One hundred and sixty-four physicians, among surgeons, internists, residents, and general practitioners were surveyed. Results: According to surveyed clinicians the most important element in any radiologic examination is the reporting radiologist (67.7 percent); 93.9 percent of them expect the radiology report to address the referral diagnosis; 95.7 percent expects the report to present a conclusion, whilst 73 percent of referring clinicians consider ultrasonography as the imaging procedure that commonly exhibits more errors. Surgeons, generally understimate radiologists recommendations for complementary studies. Conclusion: An experienced reporting radiologist is considered the most significant element of any imaging procedure. The radiology report should be problem-oriented (answering clinical question), and contain a conclusion, which should begin by answering the clinician s concerns. General practitioners, internists and residents value further studies reccommended by radiologists.

Introducción. El informe es lo más relevante de un examen radiológico. Escasas publicaciones han estudiado la opinión del clínico. Objetivo. Establecer qué aspectos del informe son relevantes para el clínico. Metodología. Se aplicó una encuesta a cirujanos, internistas, residentes y médicos generales. Resultados. Se encuestó a 164 médicos. Al pedir un examen radiológico, lo más relevante (67,7 por ciento) fue el radiólogo informante; 93,9 por ciento considera importante que se haga referencia al diagnóstico de derivación; 95,7 por ciento estima que debe haber conclusión. El 73 por ciento cree que el examen en el que se cometen más errores es la ecotomografía. Los cirujanos son los que menos valoran las recomendaciones de estudios posteriores. Conclusión. El radiólogo que informa es considerado lo más importante en un examen. El informe debe hacer referencia al diagnóstico, tener conclusión, la que debe comenzar respondiendo la inquietud del clínico. Los médicos generales, internistas y residentes valoran que se sugieran estudios complementarios.

Great Teacher Creates Effective Learning Environment: A Study through IIUM Nursing Students’ Eyes

Learning environment in the universities plays an important role in producing highly competent graduates especially in nursing profession. Thus, the most important as-pects are the teaching activities and as well as student – teacher interaction in daily environment in the university. To investigate the International Islamic University Malay-sia (IIUM) nursing students experience towards their teachers and to identify the rela-tionship between teaching and students learning perception in their learning environ-ment. This study used quantitative method and utilized two out of five subscales in Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measurement (DREEM). The subscales used were students’ perception of learning (SPoL) , students’ perception of teacher (SPoT) and total items in these both subscales are 12 and 11 items, respectively. The ques-tionnaire results revealed that IIUM nursing students scored 28.54/48.00 in (SPoL) and 28.13/44.00 in (SPoT). Both findings showed the IIUM nursing students’ experience their teachers and the learning environment are moving in towards positive directions. The regression finding was 51% of the total variation in students’ perception of teacher score was explained by students’ perception of learning. Although the overall sub-scales (SPoL) score in the current study falls in the category of a more positive per-ception, 2 out of 12 items were poorly scored by the IIUM nursing students. The re-searcher strongly agrees that listening to the expression of students is an important consideration for an educational institution. The overall mean score for (SPoT) showed that the students perceived their teachers as moving in the right direction. In this pre-sent IIUM study, one item showed a mean score of less then 2.00. As a result, these two subscales most probably should reflect the same outcome such as in their aca-demic performance and experience greatly during their student life on campus. The arising issues from this DREEM study at IIUM embrace the need for the creation of supportive environment as well as designing and implementing interventions to remedy unsatisfactorily elements of the learning environment for more effective and successful teaching and learning to be realised.

Aislamiento y caracterización de cepas vínicas de saccharomyces cerevisiae del valle de Casablanca (Chile) / Isolation and characterization of wine strains saccharomyces cerevisiae from the valley of Casablanca (Chile)

Se aislaron cepas vínicas nativas de uvas procedentes del valle de Casablanca, región productora de vinos de calidad, mediante fermentación natural del mosto en presencia de metabisulfito de potasio como agente selectivo. Los análisis morfológicos y fisiológicos realizados, a partir de colonias aisladas obtenidas del mosto al término del proceso de fermentación, permitieron establecer que, aproximadamente, un 90 porciento de ellas correspondían a cepas de levaduras ascosporógenas de saccharomyces cerevisiae. Además, al determinar el fenotipo "killer" de estas cepas, se encontró que un 40 porciento de ellas eran productoras de toxina "killer". Las evaluaciones enológicas practicadas a un subconjunto de estas cepas, presentaron propiedades similares a cepas vínicas comerciales de s. cerevisiae. La caracterización molecular de éstas, mediante electroforesis de campo pulsado, permitió establecer la presencia de, al menos, cuatro diferentes cariotipos electroforéticos, con un tamaño estimado del genoma nuclear entre los 13.000 a los 21.000 kb

Embolization of the internal maxillary artery as a pre-operative and therapeutic measure

Percutaneous embolization of the Internal Maxillary Artery [I.M.A.] war performed in seven patients. In two cases it was used as a primary method of treatment for the control of severe epistaxis and in five other cases as an adjunct mode of treatment to surgery to reduce vascularity of certain mass lesions and to provide clean bloodless field during operations. Successful embolization was achieved in all the cases. In this report, the technique, results and complications of the procedure are discussed