Pre-analytical parameters associated with unsuccessful karyotyping in myeloid neoplasm: a study of 421 samples

Cytogenetics is essential in myeloid neoplasms (MN) and pre-analytical variables are important for karyotyping. We assessed the relationship between pre-analytical variables (time from collection to sample processing, material type, sample cellularity, and diagnosis) and failures of karyotyping. Bone marrow (BM, n=352) and peripheral blood (PB, n=69) samples were analyzed from acute myeloid leukemia (n=113), myelodysplastic syndromes (n=73), myelodysplastic syndromes/myeloproliferative neoplasms (n=17), myeloproliferative neoplasms (n=137), and other with conclusive diagnosis (n=6), and reactive disorders/no conclusive diagnosis (n=75). The rate of unsuccessful karyotyping was 18.5% and was associated with the use of PB and a low number of nucleated cells (≤7×103/µL) in the sample. High and low cellularity in BM and high and low cellularity in PB samples showed no metaphases in 3.9, 39.7, 41.9, and 84.6% of cases, respectively. Collecting a good BM sample is the key for the success of karyotyping in MN and avoids the use of expensive molecular techniques.

Contribuiçåo da medicina complementar para a integralidade da assistência das ações de educaçåo em saúde da Unidade de Saúde da Família de Nazaré-Inabi, nos grupos de hipertensos e diabéticos / Contribution of complementary medicine to integrate assistance of helth education actions in Nazaré-Inabi's Family Health Unit, in hypertensive and diabetic groups

Estresse, correria, poluiçåo e preocupações såo alguns dos problemas da vida moderna que mexem com a nossa saúde e tiram nossa energia. Atividades como a medicina complementar podem repor essa energia perdida, proporcionando a vitalidade, a calma, o alívio das dores, a melhoria da circulaçåo sangüinea e o tônus muscular, dentre outros benefícios. Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar a experiência com atividades de medicina complementar, inicidas em maio de 2002, dentro da ações de educaçåo em saúde, desenvolvidas na comunidade de Nazaré-Inabi, no município de Macaragibe. O trabalho ocorreu sob a orientaçåo dos profissionais da equipe e de convidados que realizam, em outros espaços, atividades com este fim.

Distribution of biglycan and decorin in rat dental tissue

Biglycan and decorin are small leucine-rich proteoglycans that play several biological and structural roles in different tissues and organs. Several reports have indicated that biglycan participates in odontoblast and ameloblast differentiation and in the calcification process. In the present study we show that the expression of biglycan changes from within the ameloblasts and odontoblasts to the extracellular space according to the stage of animal development. In predentin and in the pulp space, however, biglycan was continually expressed throughout the period of investigation. In contrast, decorin was absent in odontoblasts and in ameloblasts and was exclusively expressed in predentin throughout the period of observation. In young rats, however, decorin was expressed in the extracellular spaces of the pulp, where it was concentrated mainly in the peripheral pulp

Effect of aging on the glutaminase activity of neoplastic and immune tissues

1. The effect of age and Walker 256 tumor on maximal phosphate-dependent glutaminase activity of rat immune tissue was determined. Glutaminase is a key enzyme in the metabolism of glutamine, an important fuel for normal and neoplastic cells. 2. Maximal activity of phosphate-dependent glutaminase was measured in immune tissues and tumors of Walker 256 tumor-bearing young (28 days old), mature (3 months old) and aged (15 months old) Wistar rats. The following tissues were examined: thymus, spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes and tumor. 3. Tumor implantation for 14 days reduced glutaminase activity in the thymus and mesenteric lymph nodes. Tumor glutaminase activity was lowest in aged rats and highest in the mature group. 4. Comparison of glutaminase activity in immune and tumor tissues suggested the flux of glutamine between these tissues in the 3 groups. Glutaminase activity was 2.8-fold higher in immune tissues in aged rats (2.58 +/- 0.35 vs 0.93 +/- 0.16 mumol min-1 g tissue wet weight-1, mean +/- SEM, 5 rats), and 1.9- (4.14 +/- 0.47 vs 8.36 +/- 1.29 mumol min-1 g tissue wet weight-1, mean +/- SEM, 5 rats) and 2.5-fold increased (2.41 +/- 0.20 vs 5.92 +/- 0.22 mumol min-1 g tissue wet weight-1, mean +/- SEM, 5 rats) in tumor tissue in the mature and young groups, respectively. These results suggest the deviation of glutamine flux from defense cells to the neoplastic tissue in tumor-bearing young and mature rats and may partially explain the slow cancer growth in elderly patients

Possible role of the submandibular glands in the control of glucose metabolism in mouse enterocytes

We evaluated effect of sialadenectomy on hexokinase activity and on rates of lactate formation and of [U-14C] glucose decarboxylation in 3 cellular fractions of the small intestine epithelium from male adult mice. The surgery was carried out under ether anesthesia and a sham-operated group was used as control. There cell fractions were obtained by shaking the inverted small intestine: 1) tip of the villus, 2) villus and crypt cells. Five days after sialadenectomy, hexokinase activity was reduced in fractions (3.53 ñ 0.65 vs 1.98 ñ 0.25 nmol min-1 mg protein-1, expressed as mean ñ SEM for 7 mice) and 3 (5.01 ñ 0.55 vs 3.15 ñ 0.42 nmol min-1 mg protein-1, mean ñ SEM for 7 mice). After removal of the submandibular glands, the rates of lactate formation were decreased in fractions 2 (4.16 ñ 0.54 vs 2.30 ñ 0.25, mean ñ SEM for 10 and 11 mice, respectively) and 3 (1.74 ñ 0.24 vs 0.87 ñ 0.14 mean ñ SEM for 13 mice) and the rates of [U-14C] glucose decarboxylation were reduced in fraction 1 (1.14 ñ 0.12 vs 0.61 ñ 0.10, mean ñ SEM for 11 and 12 mice, respectively). We conclude that the secretion submandibular glands plays a physiological role in the control of glucose metabolism in enterocytes

Sistematizacao de nutricao parenteral / Sistematization of parenteral feeding

Os autores apresentam uma rotina simples e pratica de nutricao parenteral. Utilizam formulacoes adequadas e cuidado especial para tornar o metodo de aplicacao mais facil, sem perda de seguranca e eficiencia, ate mesmo em pequenos hospitais